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The 1913 Webster Unabridged Dictionary: Letters I, J, K & L
February, 1999 [Etext #664]
The Project Gutenberg Etext of The 1913 Webster Unabridged Dictionary
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I.
I (ī). 1. I, the ninth letter
of the English alphabet, takes its form from the Phœnician,
through the Latin and the Greek. The Phœnician letter was
probably of Egyptian origin. Its original value was nearly the same
as that of the Italian I, or long e as in mete.
Etymologically I is most closely related to e, y,
j, g; as in dint, dent, beverage,
L. bibere; E. kin, AS. cynn; E. thin, AS.
þynne; E. dominion, donjon,
dungeon.
In English I has two principal vowel sounds: the long sound, as in
pīne, īce; and the short sound, as in
p&ibreve;n. It has also three other sounds: (a) That of
e in term, as in thirst. (b) That of
e in mete (in words of foreign origin), as in
machine, pique, regime. (c) That of
consonant y (in many words in which it precedes another
vowel), as in bunion, million, filial,
Christian, etc. It enters into several digraphs, as in
fail, field, seize, feign. friend;
and with o often forms a proper diphtong, as in oil,
join, coin.
See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 98-106.
The dot which we place over the small or lower case i dates
only from the 14th century. The sounds of I and J were originally
represented by the same character, and even after the introduction of
the form J into English dictionaries, words containing these letters
were, till a comparatively recent time, classed together.
2. In our old authors, I was often
used for ay (or aye), yes, which is pronounced nearly
like it.
3. As a numeral, I stands for 1, II for 2,
etc.
I- (?), prefix. See Y-
.
I (ī), pron.
[poss. My (mī) or Mine
(mīn); object. Me (mē).
pl. nom. We (wē);
poss. Our (our) or
Ours (ourz); object.
Us (ŭs).] [OE. i, ich,
ic, AS. ic; akin to OS. & D. ik, OHG. ih,
G. ich, Icel. ek, Dan. jeg, Sw. jag,
Goth. ik, OSlav. az', Russ. ia, W. i, L.
ego, Gr. 'egw`, 'egw`n, Skr.
aham. √179. Cf. Egoism.] The nominative
case of the pronoun of the first person; the word with which a
speaker or writer denotes himself.
I*am`a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;,
medicine + -logy.] (Med.) Materia Medica; that
branch of therapeutics which treats of remedies.
I"amb (?), n. [Cf. F. iambe. See
Lambus.] An iambus or iambic. [R.]
I*am"bic (?), a. [L. iambicus,
Gr. &?;: cf. F. iambique.] 1. (Pros.)
Consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one, or of an
unaccented syllable followed by an accented; as, an iambic
foot.
2. Pertaining to, or composed of, iambics;
as, an iambic verse; iambic meter. See
Lambus.
I*am"bic, n. 1.
(Pros.) (a) An iambic foot; an
iambus. (b) A verse composed of iambic
feet.
&fist; The following couplet consists of iambic verses.
Thy gen- | ius calls | thee not | to pur- | chase
fame
In keen | iam- | bics, but | mild an- |
agram.
Dryden.
2. A satirical poem (such poems having been
anciently written in iambic verse); a satire; a lampoon.
I*am"bic*al (?), a. Iambic.
[Obs. or R.]
I*am"bic*al*ly, adv. In a iambic
manner; after the manner of iambics.
I*am"bize (?), v. t. [Gr. &?;.] To
satirize in iambics; to lampoon. [R.]
I*am"bus (?), n.; pl. L.
Iambi (#), E. Iambuses (#). [L.
iambus, Gr. &?;; prob. akin to &?; to throw, assail (the
iambus being first used in satiric poetry), and to L. jacere
to throw. Cf. Jet a shooting forth.] (Pros.) A
foot consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one, as in
ămāns, or of an unaccented syllable followed by
an accented one, as invent; an iambic. See the Couplet under
Iambic, n.
||I*an"thi*na (?), n.; pl. L.
Ianthinæ (#), E. Ianthinas
(#). [NL., fr. L. ianthinus violet-blue, Gr. &?;; &?; violet +
&?; flower.] (Zoöl.) Any gastropod of the genus
Ianthina, of which various species are found living in mid
ocean; -- called also purple shell, and violet
snail. [Written also janthina.]
&fist; It floats at the surface by means of a raft, which it
constructs by forming and uniting together air bubbles of hardened
mucus. The Tyrian purple of the ancients was obtained in part from
mollusks of this genus.
I*a`tra*lip"tic (?), a. [Gr. &?;; &?;
physician + &?; belonging to the &?; or anointer, fr. &?; to anoint:
cf. F. iatraliptique.] Treating diseases by anointing and
friction; as, the iatraliptic method. [Written also
iatroleptic.]
{ I*at"ric (?), I*at"ric*al (?), }
a. [Gr. &?; healing, fr. &?; physician, fr. &?; to
heal.] Of or pertaining to medicine, or to medical
men.
I*a`tro*chem"ic*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to iatrochemistry, or to the iatrochemists.
I*a`tro*chem"ist (?), n. [Gr. &?;
physician + E. chemist.] A physician who explained or
treated diseases upon chemical principles; one who practiced
iatrochemistry.
I*a`tro*chem"is*try (?), n.
Chemistry applied to, or used in, medicine; -- used especially
with reference to the doctrines in the school of physicians in
Flanders, in the 17th century, who held that health depends upon the
proper chemical relations of the fluids of the body, and who
endeavored to explain the conditions of health or disease by chemical
principles.
I*a`tro*math`e*mat"ic*al (?), a.
Of or pertaining to iatromathematicians or their
doctrine.
I*a`tro*math`e*ma*ti"cian (?), n. [Gr.
&?; physician + E. mathematician.] (Hist. Med.)
One of a school of physicians in Italy, about the middle of the
17th century, who tried to apply the laws of mechanics and
mathematics to the human body, and hence were eager student of
anatomy; -- opposed to the iatrochemists.
I*be"ri*an (?), a. Of or
pertaining to Iberia.
I"bex (ī"b&ebreve;ks), n.;
pl. E. Ibexes (-&ebreve;z), L.
Ibices (īb"&ibreve;*sēz). [L., a kind
of goat, the chamois.] (Zoöl.) One of several
species of wild goats having very large, recurved horns, transversely
ridged in front; -- called also steinbok.
&fist; The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) is the best known. The
Spanish, or Pyrenean, ibex (C. Hispanica) has smoother and
more spreading horns.
||I*bi"dem (?), adv. [L.] In the
same place; -- abbreviated ibid. or ib.
I"bis (?), n. [L. ibis, Gr. &?;;
of Egyptian origin.] (Zoöl.) Any bird of the genus
Ibis and several allied genera, of the family
Ibidæ, inhabiting both the Old World and the New.
Numerous species are known. They are large, wading birds, having a
long, curved beak, and feed largely on reptiles.
&fist; The sacred ibis of the ancient Egyptians (Ibis
Æthiopica) has the head and neck black, without feathers.
The plumage of the body and wings is white, except the tertiaries,
which are lengthened and form a dark purple plume. In ancient times
this bird was extensively domesticated in Egypt, but it is now seldom
seen so far north. The glossy ibis (Plegadis autumnalis),
which is widely distributed both in the Old World and the New, has
the head and neck feathered, except between the eyes and bill; the
scarlet ibis (Guara rubra) and the white ibis (G. alba)
inhabit the West Indies and South America, and are rarely found in
the United States. The wood ibis (Tantalus loculator) of
America belongs to the Stork family (Ciconidæ). See
Wood ibis.
-i*ble (?). See -able.
-ic (?). [L. -icus, Gr. &?;: cf. F. -ique.]
1. A suffix signifying, in general, relating
to, or characteristic of; as, historic,
hygienic, telegraphic, etc.
2. (Chem.) A suffix, denoting that the
element indicated enters into certain compounds with its highest
valence, or with a valence relatively higher than in compounds
where the name of the element ends in -ous; as, ferric,
sulphuric. It is also used in the general sense of
pertaining to; as, hydric, sodic,
calcic.
I*ca"ri*an (?), a. [L. Icarius,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, the mythic son of Dædalus, who, when flying
from Crete on wings cemented with wax, mounted so high that the sun
melted the wax, and he fell into the sea.] Soaring too high for
safety, like Icarus; adventurous in flight.
Ice (īs), n. [OE. is,
iis, AS. īs; aksin to D. ijs, G.
eis, OHG. īs, Icel. īss, Sw.
is, Dan. iis, and perh. to E. iron.]
1. Water or other fluid frozen or reduced to the
solid state by cold; frozen water. It is a white or transparent
colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal. Its
specific gravity (0.92, that of water at 4° C. being 1.0) being
less than that of water, ice floats.
&fist; Water freezes at 32° F. or 0° Cent., and ice melts
at the same temperature. Ice owes its cooling properties to the large
amount of heat required to melt it.
2. Concreted sugar.
Johnson.
3. Water, cream, custard, etc., sweetened,
flavored, and artificially frozen.
4. Any substance having the appearance of
ice; as, camphor ice.
Anchor ice, ice which sometimes forms about
stones and other objects at the bottom of running or other water, and
is thus attached or anchored to the ground. --
Bay ice, ice formed in bays, fiords, etc.,
often in extensive fields which drift out to sea. --
Ground ice, anchor ice. -- Ice
age (Geol.), the glacial epoch or period. See
under Glacial. -- Ice anchor
(Naut.), a grapnel for mooring a vessel to a field of
ice. Kane. -- Ice blink [Dan.
iisblink], a streak of whiteness of the horizon, caused by
the reflection of light from ice not yet in sight. --
Ice boat. (a) A boat fitted
with skates or runners, and propelled on ice by sails; an ice
yacht. (b) A strong steamboat for breaking a
channel through ice. -- Ice box or
chest, a box for holding ice; a box in which
things are kept cool by means of ice; a refrigerator. --
Ice brook, a brook or stream as cold as
ice. [Poetic] Shak. -- Ice cream [for
iced cream], cream, milk, or custard, sweetened, flavored,
and frozen. -- Ice field, an extensive
sheet of ice. -- Ice float, Ice
floe, a sheet of floating ice similar to an ice field,
but smaller. -- Ice foot, shore ice in
Arctic regions; an ice belt. Kane. -- Ice
house, a close-covered pit or building for storing
ice. -- Ice machine (Physics), a
machine for making ice artificially, as by the production of a low
temperature through the sudden expansion of a gas or vapor, or the
rapid evaporation of a volatile liquid. -- Ice
master. See Ice pilot (below). --
Ice pack, an irregular mass of broken and
drifting ice. -- Ice paper, a transparent
film of gelatin for copying or reproducing; papier
glacé. -- Ice petrel
(Zoöl.), a shearwater (Puffinus gelidus) of
the Antarctic seas, abundant among floating ice. -- Ice
pick, a sharp instrument for breaking ice into small
pieces. -- Ice pilot, a pilot who has
charge of a vessel where the course is obstructed by ice, as in polar
seas; -- called also ice master. -- Ice
pitcher, a pitcher adapted for ice water. --
Ice plow, a large tool for grooving and cutting
ice. -- Ice sludge, bay ice broken small
by the wind or waves; sludge. -- Ice spar
(Min.), a variety of feldspar, the crystals of which are
very clear like ice; rhyacolite. -- Ice tongs,
large iron nippers for handling ice. -- Ice
water. (a) Water cooled by ice.
(b) Water formed by the melting of ice. --
Ice yacht. See Ice boat (above). --
To break the ice. See under Break.
-- Water ice, a confection consisting of water
sweetened, flavored, and frozen.
Ice (īs), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Iced (īst); p. pr. & vb.
n. Icing (ī"s&ibreve;ng).] 1.
To cover with ice; to convert into ice, or into something
resembling ice.
2. To cover with icing, or frosting made of
sugar and milk or white of egg; to frost, as cakes, tarts,
etc.
3. To chill or cool, as with ice; to
freeze.
Ice"berg` (?), n. [Prob. of Scand.
origin; cf. Dan. iisbierg, Sw. isberg, properly, a
mountain of ice. See Ice, and Berg.] A large mass
of ice, generally floating in the ocean.
&fist; Icebergs are large detached portions of glaciers, which in
cold regions often project into the sea.
Ice"bird` (?), n. (Zoöl.)
An Arctic sea bird, as the Arctic fulmar.
Ice"bound` (?), a. Totally
surrounded with ice, so as to be incapable of advancing; as, an
icebound vessel; also, surrounded by or fringed with ice so as
to hinder easy access; as, an icebound coast.
Ice"-built` (?), a. 1.
Composed of ice.
2. Loaded with ice. "Ice-built
mountains." Gray.
Iced (?), a. 1.
Covered with ice; chilled with ice; as, iced
water.
2. Covered with something resembling ice, as
sugar icing; frosted; as, iced cake.
Iced cream. Same as Ice cream, under
Ice.
Ice"fall` (?), n. A frozen
waterfall, or mass of ice resembling a frozen waterfall.
Coleridge.
Ice"land*er (?), n. A native, or
one of the Scandinavian people, of Iceland.
Ice*lan"dic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to Iceland; relating to, or resembling, the
Icelanders.
Ice*lan"dic (?), n. The language
of the Icelanders. It is one of the Scandinavian group, and is more
nearly allied to the Old Norse than any other language now
spoken.
Ice"land moss` (?). (Bot.) A kind of lichen
(Cetraria Icelandica) found from the Arctic regions to the
North Temperate zone. It furnishes a nutritious jelly and other forms
of food, and is used in pulmonary complaints as a
demulcent.
Ice"land spar` (?). (Min.) A transparent
variety of calcite, the best of which is obtained in Iceland. It is
used for the prisms of the polariscope, because of its strong double
refraction. Cf. Calcite.
Ice"man (?), n.; pl.
Icemen (&?;). 1. A man who is
skilled in traveling upon ice, as among glaciers.
2. One who deals in ice; one who retails or
delivers ice.
Ice" plant` (?). (Bot.) A plant
(Mesembryanthemum crystallinum), sprinkled with pellucid,
watery vesicles, which glisten like ice. It is native along the
Mediterranean, in the Canaries, and in South Africa. Its juice is
said to be demulcent and diuretic; its ashes are used in Spain in
making glass.
Ice-skater = one who skates on ice wearing an ice skate; esp. an
athlete who performs athletic or artistic movements on a sheet of
ice, wearing ice skates; including speed skater and figure skater --
>
Ice"quake` (īs"kwāk`), n.
The crash or concussion attending the breaking up of masses of
ice, -- often due to contraction from extreme cold.
Ich (&ibreve;k), pron. I.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
&fist; In the Southern dialect of Early English this is the
regular form. Cf. Ik.
Ich*neu"mon (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;,
lit., the tracker; so called because it hunts out the eggs of the
crocodile, fr. &?; to track or hunt after, fr. 'i`chnos
track, footstep.] 1. (Zoöl.) Any
carnivorous mammal of the genus Herpestes, and family
Viverridæ. Numerous species are found in Asia and
Africa. The Egyptian species (H. ichneumon), which ranges to
Spain and Palestine, is noted for destroying the eggs and young of
the crocodile as well as various snakes and lizards, and hence was
considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians. The common species of
India (H. griseus), known as the mongoose, has similar habits
and is often domesticated. It is noted for killing the
cobra.
2. (Zoöl.) Any hymenopterous
insect of the family Ichneumonidæ, of which several
thousand species are known, belonging to numerous genera.
&fist; The female deposits her eggs upon, or in, the bodies of
other insects, such as caterpillars, plant lice, etc. The larva lives
upon the internal tissues of the insect in which it is parasitic, and
finally kills it. Hence, many of the species are beneficial to
agriculture by destroying noxious insects.
Ichneumon fly. See Ichneumon,
2.
Ich`neu*mon"i*dan (?), a.
(Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the
Ichneumonidæ, or ichneumon flies. --
n. One of the
Ichneumonidæ.
||Ich`neu*mon"i*des (?), n. pl. [NL.
See Ichneumon.] (Zoöl.) The ichneumon
flies.
Ich"nite (?), n. [Gr.
'i`chnos track, footstep.] A fossil footprint; as,
the ichnites in the Triassic sandstone.
Page.
{ Ich`no*graph"ic (?), Ich`no*graph"ic*al (?), }
a. [Cf. F. ichonographique.] Of or
pertaining to ichonography; describing a ground plot.
Ich*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?;;
'i`chnos track, footstep + &?; to describe: cf. F.
ichonographie.] (Drawing) A horizontal section of
a building or other object, showing its true dimensions according to
a geometric scale; a ground plan; a map; also, the art of making such
plans.
Ich"no*lite (?), n. [Gr.
'i`chnos track, footstep + -lite.] A fossil
footprint; an ichnite.
Ich`no*li*thol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
'i`chnos footstep + -lith + -logy.] Same as
Ichnology. Hitchcock.
Ich`no*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to ichnology.
Ich*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
'i`chnos a footstep + -logy.] (Geol.)
The branch of science which treats of fossil
footprints.
Ich*nos"co*py (?), n. [Gr.
'i`chnos footstep + -scopy.] The search for
the traces of anything. [R.]
I"chor (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;: cf.
F. ichor.] 1. (Class. Myth.) An
ethereal fluid that supplied the place of blood in the veins of the
gods.
2. A thin, acrid, watery discharge from an
ulcer, wound, etc.
||I`chor*hæ"mi*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; ichor + &?; blood.] (Med.) Infection of the
blood with ichorous or putrid substances.
I"chor*ous (?), a. [Cf. F.
ichoreux.] Of or like ichor; thin; watery; serous;
sanious.
Ich"thi*din (?), n. (Physiol.
Chem.) A substance from the egg yolk of osseous
fishes.
Ich"thin (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s fish.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous
substance resembling vitellin, present in the egg yolk of
cartilaginous fishes.
Ich"thu*lin (?), n. (Physiol.
Chem.) A substance from the yolk of salmon's eggs.
Ich"thus (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s.] In early Christian and eccesiastical art,
an emblematic fish, or the Greek word for fish, which combined
the initials of the Greek words Ihsoy^s,
Christo`s, Qeoy^ Gio`s Swth`r,
Jesus, Christ, Son of God, Savior.
Ich"thy*ic (?), a. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish.] (Zoöl.)
Like, or pertaining to, fishes.
{ Ich"thy*o*col (?), Ich`thy*o*col"la (?), }
n. [L. ichthyocolla, Gr. &?;;
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; glue: cf. F.
ichthyocolle.] Fish glue; isinglass; a glue prepared from
the sounds of certain fishes.
Ich`thy*o*cop"ro*lite (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + E. coprolite.]
(Geol.) Fossil dung of fishes.
Ich`thy*o*dor"u*lite (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; a spear + -
lite.] (Zoöl.) One of the spiny plates found on
the back and tail of certain skates.
Ich`thy*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os + graphy: cf. F.
ichthyographie.] A treatise on fishes.
{ Ich"thy*oid (?), Ich`thy*oid"al (?), }
a. [Gr. &?;: 'ichqy`s, -y`os,
a fish + &?; form.] (Zoöl.) Somewhat like a fish;
having some of the characteristics of fishes; -- said of some
amphibians.
Ich`thy*ol"a*try (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; to worship.]
Worship of fishes, or of fish-shaped idols.
Layard.
Ich"thy*o*lite (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + -lite.]
(Paleon.) A fossil fish, or fragment of a fish.
{ Ich`thy*o*log"ic (?), Ich`thy*o*log"ic*al (?),
} a. [Cf. F. ichthyologique.] Of or
pertaining to ichthyology.
Ich`thy*ol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F.
ichthyologiste.] One versed in, or who studies,
ichthyology.
Ich`thy*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + -logy: cf. F.
ichthyologie.] The natural history of fishes; that branch
of zoölogy which relates to fishes, including their structure,
classification, and habits.
Ich"thy*o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + -mancy: cf. F.
ichthyomancie.] Divination by the heads or the entrails
of fishes.
||Ich`thy*o*mor"pha (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. &?; fish-shaped; 'ichqy`s, -y`os, a
fish + &?; form.] (Zoöl.) The Urodela.
{ Ich`thy*o*mor"phic (?), Ich`thy*o*mor"phous
(?), } a. [See Ichthyomorpha.] Fish-
shaped; as, the ichthyomorphic idols of ancient
Assyria.
Ich`thy*oph"a*gist (?), n. [See
Ichthyophagous.] One who eats, or subsists on,
fish.
Ich`thy*oph"a*gous (?), a. [L.
ichthyophagus, Gr. &?;; 'ichqy`s, -y`os,
a fish + &?; to eat.] Eating, or subsisting on, fish.
Ich`thy*oph"a*gy (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqyofagi`a: cf. F. ichthyophagie.] The
practice of eating, or living upon, fish.
Ich`thy*oph*thal"mite (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; eye.] See
Apophyllite. [R.]
||Ich`thy*oph*thi"ra (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. 'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; a louse.]
(Zoöl.) A division of copepod crustaceans, including
numerous species parasitic on fishes.
||Ich`thy*op"si*da (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. 'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?;
appearance.] (Zoöl.) A grand division of the
Vertebrata, including the Amphibia and Fishes.
||Ich`thy*op`te*ryg"i*a (?), n. pl.
[NL. See Ichthyopterygium.] (Paleon.) See
Ichthyosauria.
||Ich`thy*op`te*ryg"i*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. 'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; a fin.]
(Anat.) The typical limb, or lateral fin, of
fishes.
||Ich`thy*or"nis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; bird.]
(Paleon.) An extinct genus of toothed birds found in the
American Cretaceous formation. It is remarkable for having biconcave
vertebræ, and sharp, conical teeth set in sockets. Its wings
were well developed. It is the type of the order
Odontotormæ.
Ich"thy*o*saur (?), n. [Cf. F.
ichthyosaure.] (Paleon.) One of the
Ichthyosaura.
||Ich`thy*o*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.
See Ichthyosaurus.] (Paleon.) An extinct order of
marine reptiles, including Ichthyosaurus and allied forms; -- called
also Ichthyopterygia. They have not been found later than the
Cretaceous period.
Ich`thy*o*sau"ri*an (?), a.
(Paleon.) Of or pertaining to the Ichthyosauria. --
n. One of the Ichthyosauria.
||Ich`thy*o*sau"rus (?), n.; pl.
Ichthyosauri (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + say^ros a
lizard.] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of marine reptiles; -
- so named from their short, biconcave vertebræ, resembling
those of fishes. Several species, varying in length from ten to
thirty feet, are known from the Liassic, Oölitic, and Cretaceous
formations.
||Ich`thy*o"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
'ichqy`s fish.] (Med.) A disease in which the
skin is thick, rough, and scaly; -- called also
fishskin. -- Ich`thy*ot"ic (#),
a.
Ich`thy*ot"o*mist (?), n. One
skilled in ichthyotomy.
Ich`thy*ot"o*my (?), n. [Gr.
'ichqy`s, -y`os, a fish + &?; to cut.] The
anatomy or dissection of fishes. [R.]
||Ich"thys (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
'ichqy`s a fish.] Same as Ichthus.
I"ci*cle (?), n. [OE. isikel,
AS. īsgicel; īs ice + gicel icicle;
akin to Icel. jökull; cf. Gael. eigh ice, Ir.
aigh.] A pendent, and usually conical, mass of ice,
formed by freezing of dripping water; as, the icicles on the
eaves of a house.
I"ci*cled (?), a. Having icicles
attached.
I"ci*ly (?), adv. In an icy
manner; coldly.
Faultily faultless, icily regular, splendidly
null,
Dead perfection, no more.
Tennyson.
I"ci*ness (?), n. The state or
quality of being icy or very cold; frigidity.
I"cing (?), n. A coating or
covering resembling ice, as of sugar and milk or white of egg;
frosting.
Ic"kle (?), n. [OE. ikil. See
Icicle.] An icicle. [Prov. Eng.]
I"con (ī"k&obreve;n), n. [L., fr.
Gr. e'ikw`n.] An image or representation; a portrait
or pretended portrait.
Netherlands whose names and icons are
published.
Hakewill.
I*con"ic*al (?), a. Pertaining to,
or consisting of, images, pictures, or representations of any
kind.
I"con*ism (?), n. [L. iconismus,
Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to mold, delineate, fr. e'ikw`n an image:
cf. F. iconisme.] The formation of a figure,
representation, or semblance; a delineation or description.
Some kind of apish imitations, counterfeit
iconisms.
Cudworth.
I"con*ize (?), v. t. [Gr.
e'ikoni`zein.] To form an image or likeness of.
[R.] Cudworth.
I*con"o*clasm (?), n. [Cf. F.
iconoclasme. See Iconoclast.] The doctrine or
practice of the iconoclasts; image breaking.
I*con"o*clast (?), n. [Gr.
e'ikw`n image + &?; to break: cf. F. iconoclaste.]
1. A breaker or destroyer of images or idols; a
determined enemy of idol worship.
2. One who exposes or destroys impositions or
shams; one who attacks cherished beliefs; a radical.
I*con`o*clas"tic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to the iconoclasts, or to image breaking.
Milman.
{I*con"o*dule (?), I*con"o*du`list (?), }
n. [Gr. e'ikw`n an image + &?; a slave.]
(Eccl. Hist.) One who serves images; -- opposed to an
iconoclast. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
I`co*nog"ra*pher (?), n. A maker
of images. Fairholt.
I*con`o*graph"ic (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to iconography.
2. Representing by means of pictures or
diagrams; as, an icongraphic encyclopædia.
I`co*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?; a
sketch or description; e'ikw`n an image + &?; to describe:
cf. F. iconographie.] 1. The art or
representation by pictures or images; the description or study of
portraiture or representation, as of persons; as, the
iconography of the ancients.
2. The study of representative art in
general.
Christian iconography, the study of the
representations in art of the Deity, the persons of the Trinity,
angels, saints, virtues, vices, etc.
I`co*nol"a*ter (?), n. [Gr.
e'ikw`n an image + &?; to worship: cf. F.
iconolâtre.] One who worships images.
I`co*nol"a*try (?), n. [See
Iconolater.] The worship of images as symbols; --
distinguished from idolatry, the worship of images
themselves.
I`co*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;;
e'ikw`n an image + &?; discourse: cf. F.
iconologie.] The discussion or description of portraiture
or of representative images. Cf. Iconography.
I`co*nom"a*chy (?), n. [Gr. &?; a war
against images; e'ikw`n an image + &?; fight.]
Hostility to images as objects of worship. [R.]
I`co*nom"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. &?;;
e'ikw`n image + &?; fight.] Opposed to pictures or
images as objects of worship. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
I`co*noph"i*list (?), n. [Gr.
e'ikw`n an image + &?; to love.] A student, or lover
of the study, of iconography.
I`co*sa*he"dral (?), a. [See
Icosahedron.] (Geom.) Having twenty equal sides or
faces.
I`co*sa*he"dron (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?;
twenty + &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit.] (Geom.) A solid
bounded by twenty sides or faces.
Regular icosahedron, one of the five regular
polyhedrons, bounded by twenty equilateral triangules. Five triangles
meet to form each solid angle of the polyhedron.
||I`co*san"dri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr.
Gr. &?; twenty +&?;, &?;, man, male: cf. F. icosandrie.]
(Bot.) A Linnæan class of plants, having twenty or
more stamens inserted in the calyx.
{ I`co*san"dri*an (?), I`co*san"drous (?), }
a. (Bot.) Pertaining to the class
Icosandria; having twenty or more stamens inserted in the
calyx.
I`co*si*tet`ra*he"dron (?), n. [Gr. &?;
twenty + &?;, combining form of &?; four + &?; seat, base.]
(Crystallog.) A twenty-four-sided solid; a tetragonal
trisoctahedron or trapezohedron.
-ics (?). A suffix used in forming the names of
certain sciences, systems, etc., as acoustics,
mathematics, dynamics, statistics,
politics, athletics.
&fist; The names sciences ending in ics, as
mathematics, mechanics, metaphysics,
optics, etc., are, with respect to their form, nouns in the
plural number. The plural form was probably introduced to mark the
complex nature of such sciences; and it may have been in imitation of
the use of the Greek plurals &?;, &?;, &?;, &?;, etc., to designate
parts of Aristotle's writings. Previously to the present century,
nouns ending in ics were construed with a verb or a pronoun in
the plural; but it is now generally considered preferable to treat
them as singular. In Greman we have die Mathematik, die
Mechanik, etc., and in French la metaphysique, la
optique, etc., corresponding to our mathematics,
mechanics, metaphysics, optics, etc.
Mathematics have for their object the
consideration of whatever is capable of being numbered or
measured.
John Davidson.
The citations subjoined will serve as examples of the best present
usage.
Ethics is the sciences of the laws which govern our
actions as moral agents.
Sir W. Hamilton.
All parts of knowledge have their origin in
metaphysics, and finally, perhaps, revolve into
it.
De Quincey.
Mechanics, like pure mathematics, may be
geometrical, or may be analytical; that is, it may treat space
either by a direct consideration of its properties, or by a
symbolical representation.
Whewell.
Ic*ter"ic (?), n. A remedy for the
jaundice.
{ Ic*ter"ic (?), Ic*ter"ic*al (?), }
a. [L. ictericus, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; jaundice:
cf. F. ictérique.] 1. Pertaining
to, or affected with, jaundice.
2. Good against the jaundice.
Johnson.
{ Ic`ter*i"tious (?), Ic*ter"i*tous (?), }
a. Yellow; of the color of the skin when it is
affected by the jaundice.
Ic"ter*oid (?), a. [Gr. &?; jaundice +
-oid.] Of a tint resembling that produced by jaundice;
yellow; as, an icteroid tint or complexion.
||Ic"te*rus (?), n. [NL. See
Icteric, a.] (Med.) The
jaundice.
Ic"tic (?), a. [L. ictus blow.]
Pertaining to, or caused by, a blow; sudden; abrupt. [R.]
H. Bushnell.
||Ic"tus (?), n. [L., fr. icere,
ictum, to strike.] 1. (Pros.) The
stress of voice laid upon accented syllable of a word. Cf.
Arsis.
2. (Med.) A stroke or blow, as in a
sunstroke, the sting of an insect, pulsation of an artery,
etc.
I"cy (?), a. [Compar.
Icier (?); superl. Iciest.] [AS.
īsig. See Ice.] 1.
Pertaining to, resembling, or abounding in, ice; cold;
frosty. "Icy chains." Shak. "Icy region."
Boyle. "Icy seas." Pope.
2. Characterized by coldness, as of manner,
influence, etc.; chilling; frigid; cold.
Icy was the deportment with which Philip
received these demonstrations of affection.
Motley.
I"cy-pearl`ed (?), a. Spangled
with ice.
Mounting up in icy-pearled car.
Milton.
I'd (?). A contraction from I would or I
had.
Id (?), n. (Zoöl.) A
small fresh-water cyprinoid fish (Leuciscus idus or Idus
idus) of Europe. A domesticated variety, colored like the
goldfish, is called orfe in Germany.
I*da"li*an (?), a. Of or
pertaining to Idalium, a mountain city in Cyprus, or to Venus,
to whom it was sacred. "Idalian Aphrodité."
Tennyson.
Ide (?), n. (Zoöl.)
Same as Id.
-ide (?). (Chem.) A suffix used to denote:
(a) The nonmetallic, or negative,
element or radical in a binary compound; as, oxide,
sulphide, chloride. (b) A compound
which is an anhydride; as, glycolide, phthalide.
(c) Any one of a series of derivatives; as,
indogenide, glucoside, etc.
I*de"a (?), n.; pl.
Ideas (#). [L. idea, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
see; akin to E. wit: cf. F. idée. See
Wit.] 1. The transcript, image, or
picture of a visible object, that is formed by the mind; also, a
similar image of any object whatever, whether sensible or
spiritual.
Her sweet idea wandered through his
thoughts.
Fairfax.
Being the right idea of your father
Both in your form and nobleness of mind.
Shak.
This representation or likeness of the object being
transmitted from thence [the senses] to the imagination, and lodged
there for the view and observation of the pure intellect, is aptly
and properly called its idea.
P.
Browne.
2. A general notion, or a conception formed
by generalization.
Alice had not the slightest idea what latitude
was.
L. Caroll.
3. Hence: Any object apprehended, conceived,
or thought of, by the mind; a notion, conception, or thought; the
real object that is conceived or thought of.
Whatsoever the mind perceives in itself, or as the
immediate object of perception, thought, or undersanding, that I call
idea.
Locke.
4. A belief, option, or doctrine; a
characteristic or controlling principle; as, an essential
idea; the idea of development.
That fellow seems to me to possess but one
idea, and that is a wrong one.
Johnson.
What is now "idea" for us? How infinite the
fall of this word, since the time where Milton sang of the Creator
contemplating his newly-created world, -
"how it showed . . .
Answering his great idea," -
to its present use, when this person "has an idea that the
train has started," and the other "had no idea that the dinner
would be so bad!"
Trench.
5. A plan or purpose of action; intention;
design.
I shortly afterwards set off for that capital, with an
idea of undertaking while there the translation of the
work.
W. Irving.
6. A rational conception; the complete
conception of an object when thought of in all its essential elements
or constituents; the necessary metaphysical or constituent attributes
and relations, when conceived in the abstract.
7. A fiction object or picture created by the
imagination; the same when proposed as a pattern to be copied, or a
standard to be reached; one of the archetypes or patterns of created
things, conceived by the Platonists to have excited objectively from
eternity in the mind of the Deity.
Thence to behold this new-created world,
The addition of his empire, how it showed
In prospect from his throne, how good, how fair,
Answering his great idea.
Milton.
&fist; "In England, Locke may be said to have been the first who
naturalized the term in its Cartesian universality. When, in common
language, employed by Milton and Dryden, after Descartes, as before
him by Sidney, Spenser, Shakespeare, Hooker, etc., the meaning is
Platonic." Sir W. Hamilton.
Abstract idea, Association of
ideas, etc. See under Abstract,
Association, etc.
Syn. -- Notion; conception; thought; sentiment; fancy;
image; perception; impression; opinion; belief; observation;
judgment; consideration; view; design; intention; purpose; plan;
model; pattern. There is scarcely any other word which is subjected
to such abusive treatment as is the word idea, in the very
general and indiscriminative way in which it is employed, as it is
used variously to signify almost any act, state, or content of
thought.
I*de"al (?), a. [L. idealis: cf.
F. idéal.] 1. Existing in idea or
thought; conceptional; intellectual; mental; as, ideal
knowledge.
2. Reaching an imaginary standard of
excellence; fit for a model; faultless; as, ideal
beauty. Byron.
There will always be a wide interval between practical
and ideal excellence.
Rambler.
3. Existing in fancy or imagination only;
visionary; unreal. "Planning ideal common wealth."
Southey.
4. Teaching the doctrine of idealism; as, the
ideal theory or philosophy.
5. (Math.) Imaginary.
Syn. -- Intellectual; mental; visionary; fanciful;
imaginary; unreal; impracticable; utopian.
I*de"al (?), n. A mental
conception regarded as a standard of perfection; a model of
excellence, beauty, etc.
The ideal is to be attained by selecting and
assembling in one whole the beauties and perfections which are
usually seen in different individuals, excluding everything defective
or unseemly, so as to form a type or model of the species. Thus, the
Apollo Belvedere is the ideal of the beauty and proportion of
the human frame.
Fleming.
Beau ideal. See Beau ideal.
I*de"a*less (?), a. Destitute of
an idea.
I*de"al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
idéalisme.] 1. The quality or
state of being ideal.
2. Conception of the ideal;
imagery.
3. (Philos.) The system or theory that
denies the existence of material bodies, and teaches that we have no
rational grounds to believe in the reality of anything but ideas and
their relations.
I*de"al*ist, n. [Cf. F.
idéaliste.] 1. One who idealizes;
one who forms picturesque fancies; one given to romantic
expectations.
2. One who holds the doctrine of
idealism.
I*de`al*is"tic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to idealists or their theories.
I`de*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Idealities (&?;). 1. The
quality or state of being ideal.
2. The capacity to form ideals of beauty or
perfection.
3. (Phren.) The conceptive
faculty.
I*de`al*i*za"tion (?), n.
1. The act or process of idealizing.
2. (Fine Arts) The representation of
natural objects, scenes, etc., in such a way as to show their most
important characteristics; the study of the ideal.
I*de"al*ize (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Idealized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Idealizing (?).] 1. To make
ideal; to give an ideal form or value to; to attribute ideal
characteristics and excellences to; as, to idealize real
life.
2. (Fine Arts) To treat in an ideal
manner. See Idealization, 2.
I*de"al*ize, v. i. [Cf. F.
idéaliser.] To form ideals.
I*de"al*i`zer (?), n. An
idealist.
I*de"al*ly, adv. In an ideal
manner; by means of ideals; mentally.
I*de`a*log"ic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to an idealogue, or to idealization.
I*de"a*logue (?), n. [Idea +
-logue, as in theologue: cf. F.
idéologue.] One given to fanciful ideas or
theories; a theorist; a spectator. [R.] Mrs.
Browning.
{ I*de"at (?), I*de"ate (?), }
n. [LL. ideatum. See Idea.]
(Metaph.) The actual existence supposed to correspond
with an idea; the correlate in real existence to the idea as a
thought or existence.
I*de"ate (?), v. t. 1.
To form in idea; to fancy. [R.]
The ideated man . . . as he stood in the
intellect of God.
Sir T. Browne.
2. To apprehend in thought so as to fix and
hold in the mind; to memorize. [R.]
I`de*a"tion (?), n. The faculty or
capacity of the mind for forming ideas; the exercise of this
capacity; the act of the mind by which objects of sense are
apprehended and retained as objects of thought.
The whole mass of residua which have been accumulated
. . . all enter now into the process of ideation.
J. D. Morell.
I`de*a"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining
to, or characterized by, ideation.
Certain sensational or ideational
stimuli.
Blackw. Mag.
I"dem (?), pron. or adj. [L.] The
same; the same as above; -- often abbreviated id.
I*den"tic (?), a. Identical.
[Obs.] Hudibras.
I*den"tic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
identique. See Identity.] 1. The
same; the selfsame; the very same; not different; as, the
identical person or thing.
I can not remember a thing that happened a year ago,
without a conviction . . . that I, the same identical person
who now remember that event, did then exist.
Reid.
2. Uttering sameness or the same truth;
expressing in the predicate what is given, or obviously implied, in
the subject; tautological.
When you say body is solid, I say that you make an
identical proposition, because it is impossible to have the
idea of body without that of solidity.
Fleming.
Identical equation (Alg.), an
equation which is true for all values of the algebraic symbols which
enter into it.
I*den"tic*al*ly, adv. In an
identical manner; with respect to identity. "Identically
the same." Bp. Warburton. "Identically different."
Ross.
I*den"tic*al*ness, n. The quality
or state of being identical; sameness.
I*den"ti*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being identified.
I*den`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
identification.] The act of identifying, or proving to be
the same; also, the state of being identified.
I*den"ti*fy (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Identified (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Identifying (?).] [Cf. F. identifier. See
Identity, and -fy.] 1. To make to
be the same; to unite or combine in such a manner as to make one; to
treat as being one or having the same purpose or effect; to consider
as the same in any relation.
Every precaution is taken to identify the
interests of the people and of the rulers.
D.
Ramsay.
Let us identify, let us incorporate ourselves
with the people.
Burke.
2. To establish the identity of; to prove to
be the same with something described, claimed, or asserted; as, to
identify stolen property.
I*den"ti*fy (?), v. i. To become
the same; to coalesce in interest, purpose, use, effect, etc.
[Obs. or R.]
An enlightened self-interest, which, when well
understood, they tell us will identify with an interest more
enlarged and public.
Burke.
I*den"tism (?), n. [See
Identity.] (Metaph.) The doctrine taught by
Schelling, that matter and mind, and subject and object, are
identical in the Absolute; -- called also the system or doctrine
of identity.
I*den"ti*ty (?), n.; pl.
Identities (#). [F. identité, LL.
identitas, fr. L. idem the same, from the root of
is he, that; cf. Skr. idam this. Cf. Item.]
1. The state or quality of being identical, or
the same; sameness.
Identity is a relation between our cognitions
of a thing, not between things themselves.
Sir W.
Hamilton.
2. The condition of being the same with
something described or asserted, or of possessing a character
claimed; as, to establish the identity of stolen
goods.
3. (Math.) An identical
equation.
I"de*o- (?). A combining form from the Gr. &?;, an
idea.
I`de*o*gen"ic*al (?), a. Of or
relating to ideology.
I`de*og"e*ny (?), n. [Ideo- +
-geny, from the same root as Gr. &?;, birth: cf. F.
idéogénie.] The science which treats of the
origin of ideas.
I*de"o*gram (?), n. [Ideo- +
-gram; cf. F. idéograme.] 1.
An original, pictorial element of writing; a kind of hieroglyph
expressing no sound, but only an idea.
Ideograms may be defined to be pictures
intended to represent either things or thoughts.
I.
Taylor (The Alphabet).
You might even have a history without language written
or spoken, by means of ideograms and gesture.
J. Peile.
2. A symbol used for convenience, or for
abbreviation; as, 1, 2, 3, +, -, &?;, $, &?;, etc.
3. A phonetic symbol; a letter.
I*de"o*graph (?), n. Same as
Ideogram.
{ I`de*o*graph"ic (?), I`de*o*graph"ic*al (?), }
a. [Cf. F. idéographique.] Of or
pertaining to an ideogram; representing ideas by symbols,
independently of sounds; as, 9 represents not the word "nine," but
the idea of the number itself. --
I`de*o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
I`de*o*graph"ics (?), n. The
system of writing in ideographic characters; also, anything so
written.
I`de*og"ra*phy (?), n. The
representation of ideas independently of sounds, or in an ideographic
manner, as sometimes is done in shorthand writing, etc.
I`de*o*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
idéologique.] Of or pertaining to
ideology.
I`de*ol"o*gist (?), n. One who
treats of ideas; one who theorizes or idealizes; one versed in the
science of ideas, or who advocates the doctrines of
ideology.
I`de*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Ideo- +
-logy: cf. F. idéologie.] 1.
The science of ideas. Stewart.
2. (Metaph.) A theory of the origin of
ideas which derives them exclusively from sensation.
&fist; By a double blunder in philosophy and Greek,
idéologie . . . has in France become the name
peculiarly distinctive of that philosophy of mind which exclusively
derives our knowledge from sensation. Sir W. Hamilton.
I`de*o-mo"tion (?), n.
(Physiol.) An ideo-motor movement.
I`de*o-mo"tor (?), a. [Ideo- +
motor.] (Physiol.) Applied to those actions, or
muscular movements, which are automatic expressions of dominant
ideas, rather than the result of distinct volitional efforts, as the
act of expressing the thoughts in speech, or in writing, while the
mind is occupied in the composition of the sentence.
Carpenter.
Ides (īdz), n. pl. [L.
idus: cf. F. ides.] (Anc. Rom. Calendar)
The fifteenth day of March, May, July, and October, and the
thirteenth day of the other months.
The ides of March remember.
Shak.
&fist; Eight days in each month often pass by this name, but only
one strictly receives it, the others being called respectively the
day before the ides, and so on, backward, to the eighth from
the ides.
Id"i*o- (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;-). A combining
form from the Greek 'i`dios, meaning private, personal,
peculiar, distinct.
Id"i*o*blast (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;*blăst),
n. [Ideo- + -blast.] (Bot.)
An individual cell, differing greatly from its neighbours in
regard to size, structure, or contents.
||Id`i*o*cra"sis (?), n. [NL.]
Idiocracy.
Id`i*oc"ra*sy (?), n.; pl.
Idiocrasies (#). [Idio- + Gr.
kra^sis a mixture, fr. &?; to mix: cf. F.
idiocrasie.] Peculiarity of constitution; that
temperament, or state of constitution, which is peculiar to a person;
idiosyncrasy.
{ Id`i*o*crat"ic (?), Id`i*o*crat"ic*al (?), }
a. Peculiar in constitution or temperament;
idiosyncratic.
Id"i*o*cy (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;*s&ybreve;),
n. [From idiot; cf. Gr. &?; uncouthness,
want of education, fr. &?;. See Idiot, and cf.
Idiotcy.] The condition or quality of being an idiot;
absence, or marked deficiency, of sense and intelligence.
I will undertake to convict a man of idiocy, if
he can not see the proof that three angles of a triangle are equal to
two right angles.
F. W. Robertson.
Id`i*o*cy*cloph"a*nous (?), a.
[Idio- + Gr. &?; circle + &?; to appear.] (Crystallog.)
Same as Idiophanous.
Id`i*o*e*lec"tric (?), a. [Idio-
+ electric: cf. F. idioélectrique.]
(Physics) Electric by virtue of its own peculiar
properties; capable of becoming electrified by friction; -- opposed
to anelectric. -- n. An
idioelectric substance.
Id"i*o*graph (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&osl;*gr&adot;f),
n. [Gr. &?; autographic; 'i`dios one's
own + gra`fein to write.] A mark or signature
peculiar to an individual; a trade-mark.
{ Id`i*o*graph"ic
(&ibreve;d`&ibreve;*&osl;*grăf"&ibreve;k),
Id`i*o*graph"ic*al (?), } a. Of or
pertaining to an idiograph.
Id`i*ol"a*try (?), n. [Idio- +
Gr. &?; to worship.] Self-worship; excessive self-
esteem.
Id"i*om (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*ŭm),
n. [F. idiome, L. idioma, fr. Gr.
'idi`wma, fr. 'idioy^n to make a person's own,
to make proper or peculiar; fr. 'i`dios one's own, proper,
peculiar; prob. akin to the reflexive pronoun o"y^,
o'i^, 'e`, and to "eo`s,
'o`s, one's own, L. suus, and to E. so.]
1. The syntactical or structural form peculiar
to any language; the genius or cast of a language.
Idiom may be employed loosely and figuratively
as a synonym of language or dialect, but in its proper sense it
signifies the totality of the general rules of construction which
characterize the syntax of a particular language and distinguish it
from other tongues.
G. P. Marsh.
By idiom is meant the use of words which is
peculiar to a particular language.
J. H.
Newman.
He followed their language [the Latin], but did not
comply with the idiom of ours.
Dryden.
2. An expression conforming or appropriate to
the peculiar structural form of a language; in extend use, an
expression sanctioned by usage, having a sense peculiar to itself and
not agreeing with the logical sense of its structural form; also, the
phrase forms peculiar to a particular author.
Some that with care true eloquence shall teach,
And to just idioms fix our doubtful speech.
Prior.
Sometimes we identify the words with the object --
though by courtesy of idiom rather than in strict propriety of
language.
Coleridge.
Every good writer has much idiom.
Landor.
It is not by means of rules that such idioms as
the following are made current: "I can make nothing of it."
"He treats his subject home." Dryden. "It is
that within us that makes for righteousness." M.
Arnold.
Gostwick (Eng. Gram.)
3. Dialect; a variant form of a
language.
Syn. -- Dialect. -- Idiom, Dialect. The
idioms of a language belong to its very structure; its
dialects are varieties of expression ingrafted upon it in
different localities or by different professions. Each county of
England has some peculiarities of dialect, and so have most of
the professions, while the great idioms of the language are
everywhere the same. See Language.
{ Id`i*o*mat"ic (?), Id`i*o*mat"ic*al (?), }
a. [Gr. 'idiwmatiko`s.] Of or
pertaining to, or conforming to, the mode of expression peculiar to a
language; as, an idiomatic meaning; an idiomatic
phrase. -- Id`i*o*mat"ic*al*ly,
adv.
Id`i*o*morph"ic (?), a.
Idiomorphous.
Id`i*o*morph"ous (?), a. [Gr.
'idio`morfos of peculiar form; 'i`dios peculiar
+ &?; form.] 1. Having a form of its
own.
2. (Crystallog.) Apperaing in distinct
crystals; -- said of the mineral constituents of a rock.
Id`i*o*mus"cu*lar (?), a. [Idio-
+ muscular.] (Physiol.) Applied to a semipermanent
contraction of a muscle, produced by a mechanical irritant.
Id`i*o*pa*thet"ic (?), a.
Idiopathic. [R.]
{ Id`i*o*path"ic (?), Id`i*o*path"ic*al (?), }
a. [Cf. F. idiopathique.] (Med.)
Pertaining to idiopathy; characterizing a disease arising
primarily, and not in consequence of some other disease or injury; --
opposed to symptomatic, sympathetic, and
traumatic. -- Id`i*o*path"ic*al*ly,
adv.
Id`i*op"a*thy (?), n.; pl.
Idiopathies (#). [Gr. &?;; 'i`dios
proper, peculiar + &?;, &?;, to suffer: cf. F. idiopathie.]
1. A peculiar, or individual, characteristic or
affection.
All men are so full of their own fancies and
idiopathies, that they scarce have the civility to interchange
any words with a stranger.
Dr. H. More.
2. (Med.) A morbid state or condition
not preceded or occasioned by any other disease; a primary
disease.
Id`i*oph"a*nous (?), a. [Idio- +
&?; to appear.] (Crystallog.) Exhibiting interference
figures without the aid of a polariscope, as certain
crystals.
Id"i*o*plasm (?), n. (Biol.)
Same as Idioplasma.
||Id`i*o*plas"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
'i`dios proper, peculiar + &?; a form, mold.]
(Biol.) That portion of the cell protoplasm which is the
seat of all active changes, and which carries on the function of
hereditary transmission; -- distinguished from the other portion,
which is termed nutritive plasma. See Hygroplasm.
Id`i*o*re*pul"sive (?), a. [Idio-
+ repulsive.] Repulsive by itself; as, the
idiorepulsive power of heat.
Id`i*o*syn"cra*sy (?), n.; pl.
Idiosyncrasies (#). [Gr. &?;; 'i`dios
proper, peculiar + &?; a mixing together, fr. &?; to mix together;
&?; with + &?; to mix: cf. F. idiosyncrasie. See Idiom,
and Crasis.] A peculiarity of physical or mental
constitution or temperament; a characteristic belonging to, and
distinguishing, an individual; characteristic susceptibility;
idiocrasy; eccentricity.
The individual mind . . . takes its tone from the
idiosyncrasies of the body.
I. Taylor.
{ Id`i*o*syn*crat"ic (?), Id`i*o*syn*crat"ic*al
(?), } a. Of peculiar temper or disposition;
belonging to one's peculiar and individual character.
Id"i*ot (&ibreve;d"&ibreve;*&obreve;t),
n. [F. idiot, L. idiota an
uneducated, ignorant, ill-informed person, Gr. 'idiw`ths,
also and orig., a private person, not holding public office, fr.
'i`dios proper, peculiar. See Idiom.]
1. A man in private station, as distinguished
from one holding a public office. [Obs.]
St. Austin affirmed that the plain places of Scripture
are sufficient to all laics, and all idiots or private
persons.
Jer. Taylor.
2. An unlearned, ignorant, or simple person,
as distinguished from the educated; an ignoramus. [Obs.]
Christ was received of idiots, of the vulgar
people, and of the simpler sort, while he was rejected, despised, and
persecuted even to death by the high priests, lawyers, scribes,
doctors, and rabbis.
C. Blount.
3. A human being destitute of the ordinary
intellectual powers, whether congenital, developmental, or
accidental; commonly, a person without understanding from birth; a
natural fool; a natural; an innocent.
Life . . . is a tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,
Signifying nothing.
Shak.
4. A fool; a simpleton; -- a term of
reproach.
Weenest thou make an idiot of our
dame?
Chaucer.
Id"i*ot*cy (?), n. [Cf. Idiocy.]
Idiocy. [R.]
Id"i*ot*ed (?), a. Rendered
idiotic; befooled. [R.] Tennyson.
Id`i*o*ther"mic (?), a. [Idio- +
thermic.] Self-heating; warmed, as the body of animal, by
process going on within itself.
{ Id`i*ot"ic (?), Id`i*ot"ic*al (?), }
a. [L. idioticus ignorant, Gr. &?;: cf. F.
idiotique. See Idiot.] 1. Common;
simple. [Obs.] Blackwall.
2. Pertaining to, or like, an idiot;
characterized by idiocy; foolish; fatuous; as, an idiotic
person, speech, laugh, or action.
Id`i*ot"ic*al*ly, adv. In an
idiotic manner.
Id`i*ot"i*con (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;
belonging to a private man, private. See Idiot.] A
dictionary of a peculiar dialect, or of the words and phrases
peculiar to one part of a country; a glossary.
Id"i*ot*ish (?), a. Like an idiot;
foolish.
Id"i*ot*ism (?), n. [F.
idiotisme, L. idiotismus the way of fashion of a
private person, the common or vulgar manner of speaking, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; to put into or use common language, fr. &?;. See Idiot.]
1. An idiom; a form, mode of expression, or
signification, peculiar to a language.
Scholars sometimes give terminations and
idiotisms, suitable to their native language, unto words newly
invented.
M. Hale.
2. Lack of knowledge or mental capacity;
idiocy; foolishness.
Worse than mere ignorance or
idiotism.
Shaftesbury.
The running that adventure is the greatist
idiotism.
Hammond.
Id"i*ot*ize (?), v. i. To become
stupid. [R.]
Id"i*ot*ry (?), n. Idiocy.
[R.] Bp. Warburton.
I"dle (?), a.
[Compar. Idler (?);
superl. Idlest.] [OE. idel, AS.
īdel vain, empty, useless; akin to OS.
īdal, D. ijdel, OHG. ītal vain,
empty, mere, G. eitel, Dan. & Sw. idel mere, pure, and
prob. to Gr. &?; clear, pure, &?; to burn. Cf. Ether.]
1. Of no account; useless; vain; trifling;
unprofitable; thoughtless; silly; barren. "Deserts
idle." Shak.
Every idle word that men shall speak, they
shall give account thereof in the day of judgment.
Matt. xii. 36.
Down their idle weapons dropped.
Milton.
This idle story became important.
Macaulay.
2. Not called into active service; not turned
to appropriate use; unemployed; as, idle hours.
The idle spear and shield were high
uphing.
Milton.
3. Not employed; unoccupied with business;
inactive; doing nothing; as, idle workmen.
Why stand ye here all the day
idle?
Matt. xx. 6.
4. Given rest and ease; averse to labor or
employment; lazy; slothful; as, an idle fellow.
5. Light-headed; foolish. [Obs.]
Ford.
Idle pulley (Mach.), a pulley that
rests upon a belt to tighten it; a pulley that only guides a belt and
is not used to transmit power. -- Idle wheel
(Mach.), a gear wheel placed between two others, to
transfer motion from one to the other without changing the direction
of revolution. -- In idle, in vain.
[Obs.] "God saith, thou shalt not take the name of thy Lord God in
idle." Chaucer.
Syn. -- Unoccupied; unemployed; vacant; inactive; indolent;
sluggish; slothful; useless; ineffectual; futile; frivolous; vain;
trifling; unprofitable; unimportant. -- Idle,
Indolent, Lazy. A propensity to inaction is expressed
by each of these words; they differ in the cause and degree of this
characteristic. Indolent denotes an habitual love to ease, a
settled dislike of movement or effort; idle is opposed to
busy, and denotes a dislike of continuous exertion.
Lazy is a stronger and more contemptuous term than
indolent.
I"dle, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Idled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Idling (?).] To lose or spend time in inaction, or
without being employed in business. Shak.
I"dle, v. t. To spend in idleness;
to waste; to consume; -- often followed by away; as, to
idle away an hour a day.
I"dle-head`ed (?), a.
1. Foolish; stupid. [Obs.] "The
superstitious idle-headed eld." Shak.
2. Delirious; infatuated. [Obs.]
L'Estrange.
I"dle*ness, n. [AS.
īdelnes.] The condition or quality of being idle
(in the various senses of that word); uselessness; fruitlessness;
triviality; inactivity; laziness.
Syn. -- Inaction; indolence; sluggishness; sloth.
I"dle-pat`ed (?), a. Idle-headed;
stupid. [Obs.]
I"dler (?), n. 1.
One who idles; one who spends his time in inaction; a lazy
person; a sluggard.
2. (Naut.) One who has constant day
duties on board ship, and keeps no regular watch.
Totten.
3. (Mach.) An idle wheel or pulley.
See under Idle.
{ I"dless, I"dlesse } (?), n.
Idleness. [Archaic] "In ydlesse."
Spenser.
And an idlesse all the day
Beside a wandering stream.
Mrs. Browning.
I"dly (?), adv. In a idle manner;
ineffectually; vainly; lazily; carelessly; (Obs.)
foolishly.
Id"o*crase (&ibreve;d"&osl;*krās; 277),
n. [Gr. e'i^dos form +
kra^sis mixture, fr. keranny`nai to mix; cf. F.
idocrase.] (Min.) Same as
Vesuvianite.
I"dol (?), n. [OE. idole, F.
idole, L. idolum, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; that which is
seen, the form, shape, figure, fr. &?; to see. See Wit, and
cf. Eidolon.] 1. An image or
representation of anything. [Obs.]
Do her adore with sacred reverence,
As th' idol of her maker's great magnificence.
Spenser.
2. An image of a divinity; a representation
or symbol of a deity or any other being or thing, made or used as an
object of worship; a similitude of a false god.
That they should not worship devils, and idols
of gold.
Rev. ix. 20.
3. That on which the affections are strongly
(often excessively) set; an object of passionate devotion; a person
or thing greatly loved or adored.
The soldier's god and people's
idol.
Denham.
4. A false notion or conception; a
fallacy. Bacon.
The idols of preconceived opinion.
Coleridge.
I`do*las"tre (?), n. [OE., for
idolatre.] An idolater. [Obs.] Chaucer.
I*dol"a*ter (?), n. [F.
idolâtre: cf. L. idololatres, Gr. &?;. See
Idolatry.] 1. A worshiper of idols; one
who pays divine honors to images, statues, or representations of
anything made by hands; one who worships as a deity that which is not
God; a pagan.
2. An adorer; a great admirer.
Jonson was an idolater of the
ancients.
Bp. Hurd.
I*dol"a*tress (?), n. A female
worshiper of idols.
I`do*lat"ric*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
idolâtrique.] Idolatrous. [Obs.]
I*dol"a*trize (?), v. i. [imp.
& p. p. Idolatrized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Idolatrizing (?).] To worship idols; to pay
idolatrous worship.
I*dol"a*trize, v. t. To make in
idol of; to idolize.
I*dol"a*trous (?), a.
1. Of or pertaining to idolatry; partaking of
the nature of idolatry; given to idolatry or the worship of false
gods; as, idolatrous sacrifices.
[Josiah] put down the idolatrous
priests.
2 Kings xxiii. 5.
2. Consisting in, or partaking of, an
excessive attachment or reverence; as, an idolatrous
veneration for antiquity.
I*dol"a*trous*ly, adv. In a
idolatrous manner.
I*dol"a*try (?), n.; pl.
Idolatries (#). [F. idolâtrie, LL.
idolatria, L. idololatria, Fr. Gr. &?;; &?; idol + &?;
service.] 1. The worship of idols, images, or
anything which is not God; the worship of false gods.
His eye surveyed the dark idolatries
Of alienated Judah.
Milton.
2. Excessive attachment or veneration for
anything; respect or love which borders on adoration.
Shak.
I"dol*ish (?), a.
Idolatrous. [Obs.] Milton.
I"dol*ism (?), n. The worship of
idols. [Obs.]
I"dol*ist, n. A worshiper of
idols. [Obs.] Milton.
I"dol*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Idolized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Idolizing (?).] 1. To make an idol of; to
pay idolatrous worship to; as, to idolize the sacred bull in
Egypt.
2. To love to excess; to love or reverence to
adoration; as, to idolize gold, children, a hero.
I"dol*ize, v. i. To practice
idolatry. [R.]
To idolize after the manner of
Egypt.
Fairbairn.
I"dol*i`zer (?), n. One who
idolizes or loves to the point of reverence; an idolater.
I*dol"o*clast (?), n. [Gr. &?; idol +
&?; to break.] A breaker of idols; an iconoclast.
I*dol`o*graph"ic*al (?), a.
[Idol + -graph.] Descriptive of idols. [R.]
Southey.
I"dol*ous (?), a.
Idolatrous. [Obs.] Bale.
I*do"ne*ous (?), a. [L.
idoneus.] Appropriate; suitable; proper; fit;
adequate. [R.]
An ecclesiastical benefice . . . ought to be conferred
on an idoneous person.
Ayliffe.
Id*or"gan (?), n. [Gr. &?; form + E.
organ.] (Biol.) A morphological unit, consisting
of two or more plastids, which does not possess the positive
character of the person or stock, in distinction from the
physiological organ or biorgan. See Morphon.
{ Id"ri*a*line (?), Id"ri*a*lite (?), }
n. [Cf. F. idrialine.] (Min.) A
bituminous substance obtained from the mercury mines of Idria,
where it occurs mixed with cinnabar.
Id`u*me"an (?), a. Of or
pertaining to ancient Idumea, or Edom, in Western Asia.
-- n. An inhabitant of Idumea, an
Edomite.
I"dyl (?), n. [L. idyllium, Gr.
&?;, fr. &?; form; literally, a little form of image: cf. F.
idylle. See Idol.] A short poem; properly, a short
pastoral poem; as, the idyls of Theocritus; also, any poem,
especially a narrative or descriptive poem, written in an eleveted
and highly finished style; also, by extension, any artless and easily
flowing description, either in poetry or prose, of simple, rustic
life, of pastoral scenes, and the like. [Written also
idyll.]
Wordsworth's solemn-thoughted
idyl.
Mrs. Browning.
His [Goldsmith's] lovely idyl of the Vicar's
home.
F. Harrison.
I*dyl"lic (?), a. Of or belonging
to idyls.
I. e. Abbreviation of Latin id est, that
is.
If (?), conj. [OE. if,
gif, AS. gif; akin to OFries. ief, gef,
ef, OS. ef, of, D. of, or, whether, if,
G. ob whether, if, OHG. oba, ibu, Icel.
ef, Goth. iba, ibai, an interrogative particle;
properly a case form of a noun meaning, doubt (cf. OHG. iba
doubt, condition, Icel. if, ef, ifi,
efi), and therefore orig. meaning, on condition that.]
1. In case that; granting, allowing, or
supposing that; -- introducing a condition or supposition.
Tisiphone, that oft hast heard my prayer,
Assist, if Œdipus deserve thy care.
Pope.
If thou be the Son of God, command that these
stones be made bread.
Matt. iv. 3.
2. Whether; -- in dependent
questions.
Uncertain if by augury or chance.
Dryden.
She doubts if two and two make
four.
Prior.
As if, But if. See under
As, But.
I' faith" (?). In faith; indeed; truly.
Shak.
I*fere" (?), a. [Corrupted fr. in
fere.] Together. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ig`a*su"ric (?), a. [See
Igasurine.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained
from, nux vomica or St. Ignatius's bean; as, igasuric
acid.
Ig`a*su"rine (?), n. [Malay
igasura the nux vomica.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found
in nux vomica, and extracted as a white crystalline
substance.
Ig"loo (?), n. 1.
An Eskimo snow house.
2. (Zoöl.) A cavity, or
excavation, made in the snow by a seal, over its breathing hole in
the ice.
Ig*na"tius bean` (?). (Bot.) See Saint
Ignatius's bean, under Saint.
Ig"ne*ous (?), a. [L. igneus,
fr. ignis fire; allied to Skr. agni, Lith.
ugnis, OSlav. ogne.] 1. Pertaining
to, having the nature of, fire; containing fire; resembling fire; as,
an igneous appearance.
2. (Geol.) Resulting from, or produced
by, the action of fire; as, lavas and basalt are igneous
rocks.
Ig*nes"cent (?), a. [L.
ignescens, p. pr. of ignescere to become inflamed, fr.
ignis fire: cf. F. ignescent.] Emitting sparks of
fire when struck with steel; scintillating; as, ignescent
stones.
Ig*nic"o*list (?), n. [L. ignis
fire + colere to worship.] A worshiper of fire.
[R.]
Ig*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L.
ignifer; ignis fire + ferre to bear.]
Producing fire. [R.] Blount.
Ig*nif"lu*ous (?), a. [L.
ignifluus; ignis fire + fluere to flow.]
Flowing with fire. [Obs.] Cockerman.
Ig"ni*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ignified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ignifying (?).] [L. ignis fire + -fy.] To
form into fire. [R.] Stukeley.
Ig*nig"e*nous (?), a. [L.
ignigenus; ignis fire + genere, ginere,
to beget, produce.] Produced by the action of fire, as
lava. [R.]
Ig*nip"o*tence (?), n. Power over
fire. [R.]
Ig*nip"o*tent (?), a. [L.
ignipotens; ignis fire + potens powerful.]
Presiding over fire; also, fiery.
Vulcan is called the powerful
ignipotent.
Pope.
||Ig"nis fat"u*us (?); pl. Ignes
fatui (#). [L. ignis fire + fatuus foolish.
So called in allusion to its tendency to mislead travelers.]
1. A phosphorescent light that appears, in the
night, over marshy ground, supposed to be occasioned by the
decomposition of animal or vegetable substances, or by some
inflammable gas; -- popularly called also Will-with-the-wisp,
or Will-o'-the-wisp, and Jack-with-a-lantern, or
Jack-o'-lantern.
2. Fig.: A misleading influence; a
decoy.
Scared and guided by the ignis fatuus of
popular superstition.
Jer. Taylor.
Ig*nite" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ignited (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Igniting.] [L. ignitus, p. p. of ignire to
ignite, fr. ignis fire. See Igneous.]
1. To kindle or set on fire; as, to
ignite paper or wood.
2. (Chem.) To subject to the action of
intense heat; to heat strongly; -- often said of incombustible or
infusible substances; as, to ignite iron or
platinum.
Ig*nite", v. i. To take fire; to
begin to burn.
Ig*nit"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
being ignited.
Ig*ni"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
ignition.] 1. The act of igniting,
kindling, or setting on fire.
2. The state of being ignited or
kindled. Sir T. Browne.
Ig*nit"or (?), n. One who, or that
which, produces ignition; especially, a contrivance for igniting the
powder in a torpedo or the like. [Written also
igniter.]
Ig*niv"o*mous (?), a. [L.
ignivomus; ignis fire + vomere 8vomit.]
Vomiting fire. [R.]
Ig`no*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
ignobilitas: cf. F. ignobilité.]
Ignobleness. [Obs.] Bale.
Ig*no"ble (?), a. [L. ignobilis;
pref. in- not + nobilis noble: cf. F. ignoble.
See In- not, and Noble, a.]
1. Of low birth or family; not noble; not
illustrious; plebeian; common; humble.
I was not ignoble of descent.
Shak.
Her royal stock graft with ignoble
plants.
Shak.
2. Not honorable, elevated, or generous;
base.
'T is but a base, ignoble mind,
That mounts no higher than a bird can soar.
Shak.
Far from the madding crowd's ignoble
strife.
Gray.
3. (Zoöl.) Not a true or noble
falcon; -- said of certain hawks, as the goshawk.
Syn. -- Degenerate; degraded; mean; base; dishonorable;
reproachful; disgraceful; shameful; scandalous; infamous.
Ig*no"ble, v. t. To make
ignoble. [Obs.] Bacon.
Ig*no"ble*ness, n. State or
quality of being ignoble.
Ig*no"bly, adv. In an ignoble
manner; basely.
Ig`no*min"i*ous (?), a. [L.
ignominiosus: cf. F. ignominieux.] 1.
Marked with ignominy; incurring public disgrace; dishonorable;
shameful.
Then first with fear surprised and sense of pain,
Fled ignominious.
Milton.
2. Deserving ignominy; despicable.
One single, obscure, ignominious
projector.
Swift.
3. Humiliating; degrading; as, an
ignominious judgment or sentence. Macaulay.
Ig`no*min"i*ous*ly, adv. In an
ignominious manner; disgracefully; shamefully;
ingloriously.
Ig"no*min*y (?), n.; pl.
Ignominies (#). [L. ignominia ignominy
(i.e., a deprivation of one's good name); in- not +
nomen name: cf. F. ignominie. See In- not, and
Name.] 1. Public disgrace or dishonor;
reproach; infamy.
Their generals have been received with honor after
their defeat; yours with ignominy after conquest.
Addison.
Vice begins in mistake, and ends in
ignominy.
Rambler.
Ignominy is the infliction of such evil as is
made dishonorable, or the deprivation of such good as is made
honorable by the Commonwealth.
Hobbes.
2. An act deserving disgrace; an infamous
act.
Syn. -- Opprobrium; reproach; dishonor.
Ig"no*my (?), n. Ignominy.
[R. & Obs.]
I blush to think upon this ignomy.
Shak.
Ig`no*ra"mus (?), n. [L., we are
ignorant. See Ignore.] 1. (Law) We
are ignorant; we ignore; -- being the word formerly written on a bill
of indictment by a grand jury when there was not sufficient evidence
to warrant them in finding it a true bill. The phrase now used is,
"No bill," "No true bill," or "Not found," though in some
jurisdictions "Ignored" is still used. Wharton (Law Dict.
). Burn.
2. (pl. Ignoramuses (&?;).)
A stupid, ignorant person; a vain pretender to knowledge; a
dunce.
An ignoramus in place and power.
South.
Ig"no*rance (?), n. [F., fr. L.
ignorantia.] 1. The condition of being
ignorant; the want of knowledge in general, or in relation to a
particular subject; the state of being uneducated or
uninformed.
Ignorance is the curse of God,
Knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heaven.
Shak.
2. (Theol.) A willful neglect or
refusal to acquire knowledge which one may acquire and it is his duty
to have. Book of Common Prayer.
Invincible ignorance (Theol.),
ignorance beyond the individual's control and for which,
therefore, he is not responsible before God.
Ig"no*rant (?), a. [F., fr. L.
ignorans, -antis, p. pr. of ignorare to be
ignorant. See Ignore.] 1. Destitute of
knowledge; uninstructed or uninformed; untaught;
unenlightened.
He that doth not know those things which are of use
for him to know, is but an ignorant man, whatever he may know
besides.
Tillotson.
2. Unacquainted with; unconscious or unaware;
-- used with of.
Ignorant of guilt, I fear not
shame.
Dryden.
3. Unknown; undiscovered. [Obs.]
Ignorant concealment.
Shak.
Alas, what ignorant sin have I
committed?
Shak.
4. Resulting from ignorance; foolish;
silly.
His shipping,
Poor ignorant baubles! -- on our terrible seas,
Like eggshells moved.
Shak.
Syn. -- Uninstructed; untaught; unenlightened; uninformed;
unlearned; unlettered; illiterate. -- Ignorant,
Illiterate. Ignorant denotes want of knowledge, either
as to single subject or information in general; illiterate
refers to an ignorance of letters, or of knowledge acquired by
reading and study. In the Middle Ages, a great proportion of the
higher classes were illiterate, and yet were far from being
ignorant, especially in regard to war and other active
pursuits.
In such business
Action is eloquence, and the eyes of the ignorant
More learned than the ears.
Shak.
In the first ages of Christianity, not only the
learned and the wise, but the ignorant and illiterate,
embraced torments and death.
Tillotson.
Ig"no*rant, n. A person untaught
or uninformed; one unlettered or unskilled; an ignoramous.
Did I for this take pains to teach
Our zealous ignorants to preach?
Denham.
Ig"no*rant*ism (?), n. The spirit
of those who extol the advantage of ignorance;
obscurantism.
Ig"no*rant*ist, n. One opposed to
the diffusion of knowledge; an obscurantist.
Ig"no*rant*ly, adv. In a ignorant
manner; without knowledge; inadvertently.
Whom therefoer ye ignorantly worship, him
declare I unto you.
Acts xvii. 23.
Ig*nore" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ignored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ignoring.] [L. ignorare; pref. in- not + the
root of gnarus knowing, noscere to become acquainted
with. See Know, and cf. Narrate.] 1.
To be ignorant of or not acquainted with. [Archaic]
Philosophy would solidly be established, if men would
more carefully distinguish those things that they know from those
that they ignore.
Boyle.
2. (Law) To throw out or reject as
false or ungrounded; -- said of a bill rejected by a grand jury for
want of evidence. See Ignoramus.
3. Hence: To refuse to take notice of; to
shut the eyes to; not to recognize; to disregard willfully and
causelessly; as, to ignore certain facts; to ignore the
presence of an objectionable person.
Ignoring Italy under our feet,
And seeing things before, behind.
Mrs.
Browning.
Ig*nos"ci*ble (?), a. [L.
ignoscibilis, fr. ignoscere to pardon, lit., not to
wish to know; pref. in- not + gnoscere, noscere,
to learn to know. See In- not, and Know.]
Pardonable. [Obs.] Bailey.
Ig*note" (?), a. [L. ignotus;
pref. in- not + gnotus, notus, known, p. p. of
gnocere, nocere, to learn to know.] Unknown.
[Obs.] Sir E. Sandys. -- n. One who is
unknown. Bp. Hacket.
I*gua"na (?), n. [Sp. iguana,
from the native name in Hayti. Cf. Guana.]
(Zoöl.) Any species of the genus Iguana, a
genus of large American lizards of the family Iguanidæ.
They are arboreal in their habits, usually green in color, and feed
chiefly upon fruits.
&fist; The common iguana (Iguana iguana, formerly Iguana
tuberculata, and also called by other
synonyms@) of the West Indies and South America is sometimes five
feet long. Its flesh is highly prized as food. The horned
iguana (Iguana cornuta) has a conical horn between the
eyes.
I*gua"ni*an (?), a. (Zoöl.)
Resembling, or pertaining to, the iguana.
I*gua"nid (?), a. (Zoöl.)
Same as Iguanoid.
I*gua"no*don (?), n. [Iguana +
Gr. &?;, &?;, a tooth.] (Paleon.) A genus of gigantic
herbivorous dinosaurs having a birdlike pelvis and large hind legs
with three-toed feet capable of supporting the entire body. Its teeth
resemble those of the iguana, whence its name. Several species are
known, mostly from the Wealden of England and Europe. See
Illustration in Appendix.
I*gua"no*dont (?), a. (Paleon.)
Like or pertaining to the genus Iguanodon.
I*gua"noid (?), a. [Iguana +
-oid.] (Zoöl.) Pertaining to the
Iguanidæ.
Ih*lang`-ih*lang" (?), n. [Malayan,
flower of flowers.] A rich, powerful, perfume, obtained from the
volatile oil of the flowers of Canada odorata, an East Indian
tree. [Also written ylang-ylang.]
||Ih*ram" (?), n. The peculiar
dress worn by pilgrims to Mecca.
Ik (?), pron. [See I.]
I. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
&fist; The Northern dialectic form of I, in Early English,
corresponding to ich of the Southern.
Il- (?). A form of the prefix in-, not, and
in-, among. See In-.
Ile (?), n. [AS. egl.] Ear
of corn. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
Ile, n. [See Aisle.] An
aisle. [Obs.] H. Swinburne.
Ile, n. [See Isle.] An
isle. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Il"e*ac (?), a. [See Ileum.]
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to the ileum.
[Written also iliac.]
2. See Iliac, 1. [R.]
Ileac passion. (Med.) See
Ileus.
Il`e*o*cæ"cal (?), a.
[Ileum + cæcal.] (Anat.) Pertaining
to the ileum and cæcum.
Il`e*o*col"ic (?), a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the ileum and colon; as, the ileocolic, or
ileocæcal, valve, a valve where the ileum opens into the large
intestine.
||Il"e*um (?), n. [L. ile,
ileum, ilium, pl. ilia, groin, flank.]
1. (Anat.) The last, and usually the
longest, division of the small intestine; the part between the
jejunum and large intestine. [Written also ileon, and
ilium.]
2. (Anat.) See Ilium.
[R.]
&fist; Most modern writers restrict ileum to the division
of the intestine and ilium to the pelvic bone.
||Il"e*us (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;,
&?;, fr. &?; to roll up.] (Med.) A morbid condition due
to intestinal obstruction. It is characterized by complete
constipation, with griping pains in the abdomen, which is greatly
distended, and in the later stages by vomiting of fecal matter.
Called also ileac, or iliac, passion.
||I"lex (?), n. [L., holm oak.]
(Bot.) (a) The holm oak (Quercus
Ilex). (b) A genus of evergreen trees
and shrubs, including the common holly.
Il"i*ac (?), a. [L. Iliacus, Gr.
&?;. See Iliad.] Pertaining to ancient Ilium, or
Troy. Gladstone.
Il"i*ac, a. [Cf. F. iliaque. See
Ileum, and cf. Jade a stone.] 1.
(Anat.) Pertaining to, or in the region of, the ilium, or
dorsal bone of the pelvis; as, the iliac artery.
[Written also ileac.]
2. See Ileac, 1. [R.]
Iliac crest, the upper margin of the
ilium. -- Iliac passion. See
Ileus. -- Iliac region, a region of
the abdomen, on either side of the hypogastric regions, and below the
lumbar regions.
I*li"a*cal (?), a. Iliac.
[R.]
Il"i*ad (?), n. [L. Ilias, -
adis, Gr. &?;, &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?;, &?;, Ilium, the city of
Ilus, a son of Tros, founder of Ilium, which is a poetical name of
Troy.] A celebrated Greek epic poem, in twenty-four books, on
the destruction of Ilium, the ancient Troy. The Iliad is ascribed to
Homer.
Il"i*al (?), a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the ilium; iliac.
I*liche" (?), adv. [OE., fr. AS.
gelīc. Cf. Alike.] Alike. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
I*lic"ic (?), a. [L. ilex,
ilicis, holm oak.] Pertaining to, or derived from, the
holly (Ilex), and allied plants; as, ilicic
acid.
Il"i*cin (?), n. (Chem.)
The bitter principle of the holly.
Il"i*o- (?). [From Ilium.] A combining form
used in anatomy to denote connection with, or relation
to, the ilium; as, ilio-femoral, ilio-
lumbar, ilio-psoas, etc.
Il`i*o*fem"o*ral (?), a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the ilium and femur; as, iliofemoral
ligaments.
Il`i*o*lum"bar (?), a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the iliac and lumbar regions; as, the
iliolumbar artery.
Il`i*o*pso"as (?), n. (Anat.)
The great flexor muscle of the hip joint, divisible into two
parts, the iliac and great psoas, -- often regarded as distinct
muscles.
||Il"i*um (?), n. [See Ileum.]
(Anat.) The dorsal one of the three principal bones
comprising either lateral half of the pelvis; the dorsal or upper
part of the hip bone. See Innominate bone, under
Innominate. [Written also ilion, and
ileum.]
Il`ix*an"thin (?), n. [Ilex the
genus including the holly + Gr. &?; yellow.] (Chem.) A
yellow dye obtained from the leaves of the holly.
Ilk (?), a. [Scot. ilk, OE.
ilke the same, AS. ilca. Cf. Each.] Same;
each; every. [Archaic] Spenser.
Of that ilk, denoting that a person's
surname and the title of his estate are the same; as, Grant of
that ilk, i.e., Grant of Grant. Jamieson.
Il"ke (?), a. [See Ilk.]
Same. [Obs.] Chaucer.
{ Il*kon", Il*koon" (?) },
pron. [See Ilk, and One.] Each
one; every one. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Ill (?), a. [The regular comparative
and superlative are wanting, their places being supplied by
worse (&?;) and worst (&?;), from another root.] [OE.
ill, ille, Icel. illr; akin to Sw. illa,
adv., Dan. ilde, adv.] 1. Contrary to
good, in a physical sense; contrary or opposed to advantage,
happiness, etc.; bad; evil; unfortunate; disagreeable;
unfavorable.
Neither is it ill air only that maketh an
ill seat, but ill ways, ill markets, and
ill neighbors.
Bacon.
There 's some ill planet reigns.
Shak.
2. Contrary to good, in a moral sense; evil;
wicked; wrong; iniquitious; naughtly; bad; improper.
Of his own body he was ill, and gave
The clergy ill example.
Shak.
3. Sick; indisposed; unwell; diseased;
disordered; as, ill of a fever.
I am in health, I breathe, and see thee
ill.
Shak.
4. Not according with rule, fitness, or
propriety; incorrect; rude; unpolished; inelegant.
That 's an ill phrase.
Shak.
Ill at ease, uneasy; uncomfortable;
anxious. "I am very ill at ease." Shak. --
Ill blood, enmity; resentment. --
Ill breeding, want of good breeding;
rudeness. -- Ill fame, ill or bad repute;
as, a house of ill fame, a house where lewd persons meet for
illicit intercourse. -- Ill humor, a
disagreeable mood; bad temper. -- Ill nature,
bad disposition or temperament; sullenness; esp., a disposition
to cause unhappiness to others. -- Ill temper,
anger; moroseness; crossness. -- Ill turn.
(a) An unkind act. (b) A
slight attack of illness. [Colloq. U.S.] -- Ill
will, unkindness; enmity; malevolence.
Syn. -- Bad; evil; wrong; wicked; sick; unwell.
Ill (?), n. 1.
Whatever annoys or impairs happiness, or prevents success; evil
of any kind; misfortune; calamity; disease; pain; as, the ills
of humanity.
Who can all sense of others' ills escape
Is but a brute at best in human shape.
Tate.
That makes us rather bear those ills we
have
Than fly to others that we know not of.
Shak.
2. Whatever is contrary to good, in a moral
sense; wickedness; depravity; iniquity; wrong; evil.
Strong virtue, like strong nature, struggles
still,
Exerts itself, and then throws off the ill.
Dryden.
Ill, adv. In a ill manner; badly;
weakly.
How ill this taper burns!
Shak.
Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a
prey,
Where wealth accumulates and men decay.
Goldsmith.
&fist; Ill, like above, well, and so,
is used before many participal adjectives, in its usual adverbal
sense. When the two words are used as an epithet preceding the noun
qualified they are commonly hyphened; in other cases they are written
separatively; as, an ill-educated man; he was ill
educated; an ill-formed plan; the plan, however ill
formed, was acceptable. Ao, also, the following: ill-affected
or ill affected, ill-arranged or ill arranged,
ill-assorted or ill assorted, ill-boding or
ill boding, ill-bred or ill bred, ill-
conditioned, ill-conducted, ill-considered, ill-
devised, ill-disposed, ill-doing, ill-fairing,
ill-fated, ill-favored, ill-featured,
ill-formed, ill-gotten, ill-imagined,
ill-judged, ill-looking, ill-mannered,
ill-matched, ill-meaning, ill-minded,
ill-natured, ill-omened, ill-proportioned,
ill-provided, ill-required, ill-sorted,
ill-starred, ill-tempered, ill-timed,
ill-trained, ill-used, and the like.
I' ll (?). Contraction for I will or I
shall.
I'll by a sign give notice to our
friends.
Shak.
Il*lab"ile (?), a. Incapable of
falling or erring; infalliable. [Obs.] --
Il`la*bil"i*ty (#), n. [Obs.]
Il*lac"er*a*ble (?), a. [L.
illacerabilis: cf. F. illacérable. See In-
not, and Lacerable.] Not lacerable; incapable of
being torn or rent. [Obs.]
Il*lac"ry*ma*ble (?), a. [L.
illacrimabilis; pref. il- not + lacrimabilis
worthy of tears.] Incapable of weeping. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Il*laps"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. il-
not + lapsable.] Incapable of slipping, or of
error. [R.]
Morally immutable and illapsable.
Glanvill.
Il*lapse" (?), v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Illapsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Illapsing.] [L. illapsus, p. p. of illabi; pref.
il- in + labi to fall, slide.] To fall or glide;
to pass; -- usually followed by into.
Cheyne.
Il*lapse", n. [L. illapsus. See
Illapse, v. i.] A gliding in; an
immisson or entrance of one thing into another; also, a sudden
descent or attack. Akenside.
They sit silent . . . waiting for an illapse of
the spirit.
Jeffrey.
Il*la"que*a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being insnared or entrapped. [R.] Cudworth.
Il*la"que*ate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Illaqueated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Illaqueating.] [L. illaqueatus, p. p. of
illaqueare; pref. il- in + laqueare to insnare,
fr. laqueus, noose, snare.] To insnare; to entrap; to
entangle; to catch.
Let not the surpassing eloquence of Taylor dazzle you,
nor his scholastic retiary versatility of logic illaqueate
your good sense.
Coleridge.
Il*la`que*a"tion (?), n.
1. The act of catching or insnaring. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
2. A snare; a trap.
Johnson.
Il*la"tion (?), n. [L. illatio,
fr. illatus, used as p. p. of inferre to carry or bring
in, but from a different root: cf. F. illation. See 1st In-
, and Tolerate, and cf. Infer.] The act or
process of inferring from premises or reasons; perception of the
connection between ideas; that which is inferred; inference;
deduction; conclusion.
Fraudulent deductions or inconsequent illations
from a false conception of things.
Sir T.
Browne.
Il"la*tive (?), a. [L.
illativus: cf. F. illatif.] Relating to, dependent
on, or denoting, illation; inferential; conclusive; as, an
illative consequence or proposition; an illative word,
as then, therefore, etc.
Illative conversion (Logic), a
converse or reverse statement of a proposition which in that form
must be true because the original proposition is true. --
Illative sense (Metaph.), the faculty of
the mind by which it apprehends the conditions and determines upon
the correctness of inferences.
Il"la*tive, n. An illative
particle, as for, because.
Il"la*tive*ly, adv. By inference;
as an illative; in an illative manner.
Il*laud"a*ble (?), a. [L.
illaudabilis. See In- not, and Laudable.]
Not laudable; not praise-worthy; worthy of censure or
disapprobation. Milton.
-- Il*laud"a*bly, adv. [Obs.]
Broome.
Ill`-bod"ing (?), a. Boding evil;
inauspicious; ill-omened. "Ill-boding stars."
Shak.
Ill"-bred` (?), a. Badly educated
or brought up; impolite; incivil; rude. See Note under Ill,
adv.
Il*lec`e*bra"tion (?), n. [See
Illecebrous.] Allurement. [R.] T.
Brown.
Il*lec"e*brous (?), a. [L.
illecebrosus, fr. illecebra allurement, fr.
illicere to allure.] Alluring; attractive;
enticing. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
Il*le"gal (?), a. [Pref. il- not
+ legal: cf. F. illégal.] Not according to,
or authorized by, law; specif., contrary to, or in violation of,
human law; unlawful; illicit; hence, immoral; as, an illegal
act; illegal trade; illegal love. Bp.
Burnet.
Il`le*gal"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Illegalities (#). [Cf. F.
illégalité.] The quality or condition of
being illegal; unlawfulness; as, the illegality of trespass or
of false imprisonment; also, an illegal act.
Il*le"gal*ize (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Illegalized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Illegalizing (?).] To make or declare
illegal or unlawful.
Il*le"gal*ly, adv. In a illegal
manner; unlawfully.
Il*le"gal*ness, n. Illegality,
unlawfulness.
Il*leg`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being illegible.
Il*leg"i*ble (?), a. Incapable of
being read; not legible; as, illegible handwriting; an
illegible inscription. -- Il*leg"i*ble*ness,
n. -- Il*leg"i*bly,
adv.
Il`le*git"i*ma*cy (?), n. The
state of being illegitimate. Blackstone.
Il`le*git"i*mate (?), a.
1. Not according to law; not regular or
authorized; unlawful; improper.
2. Unlawfully begotten; born out of wedlock;
bastard; as, an illegitimate child.
3. Not legitimately deduced or inferred;
illogical; as, an illegitimate inference.
4. Not authorized by good usage; not genuine;
spurious; as, an illegitimate word.
Illegitimate fertilization, or
Illegitimate union (Bot.), the
fertilization of pistils by stamens not of their own length, in
heterogonously dimorphic and trimorphic flowers.
Darwin.
Il`le*git"i*mate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Illegitimated (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Illegitimating.] To render
illegitimate; to declare or prove to be born out of wedlock; to
bastardize; to illegitimatize.
The marriage should only be dissolved for the future,
without illegitimating the issue.
Bp.
Burnet.
Il`le*git"i*mate*ly (?), adv. In a
illegitimate manner; unlawfully.
Il`le*git`i*ma"tion (?), n.
1. The act of illegitimating;
bastardizing.
2. The state of being illegitimate;
illegitimacy. [Obs.]
Gardiner had performed his promise to the queen of
getting her illegitimation taken off.
Bp.
Burnet.
Il`le*git"i*ma*tize (?), v. t. To
render illegitimate; to bastardize.
Il*le"sive (?), a. [Pref. il-
not + L. laedere, laesum, to injure.] Not
injurious; harmless. [R.]
Il*lev"i*a*ble (?), a. Not
leviable; incapable of being imposed, or collected. [R.]
Sir M. Hale.
Ill`-fa"vored (?), a. Wanting
beauty or attractiveness; deformed; ugly; ill-looking.
Ill-favored and lean-fleshed.
Gen. xli. 3.
-- Ill`-fa"vored*ly, adv. -- Ill`-
fa"vored*ness, n.
Il*lib"er*al (?), a. [L.
illiberalis; pref. il- not + liberalis liberal:
cf. F. illibéral.] 1. Not liberal;
not free or generous; close; niggardly; mean; sordid. "A
thrifty and illiberal hand." Mason.
2. Indicating a lack of breeding, culture,
and the like; ignoble; rude; narrow-minded; disingenuous.
3. Not well authorized or elegant; as,
illiberal words in Latin. [R.] Chesterfield.
Il*lib"er*al*ism (?), n.
Illiberality. [R.]
Il*lib`er*al"i*ty (?), n. [L.
illiberalitas: cf. F. illibéralité.]
The state or quality of being illiberal; narrowness of mind;
meanness; niggardliness. Bacon.
Il*lib"er*al*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Illiberalized (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Illiberalizing (?).] To make
illiberal.
Il*lib"er*al*ly, adv. In a
illiberal manner, ungenerously; uncharitably;
parsimoniously.
Il*lib"er*al*ness, n. The state of
being illiberal; illiberality.
Il*lic"it (?), a. [L. illicitus;
pref. il- not + licitus, p. p. of licere to be
allowed or permitted: cf. F. illicite. See In- not, and
License.] Not permitted or allowed; prohibited; unlawful;
as, illicit trade; illicit intercourse; illicit
pleasure.
One illicit . . . transaction always leads to
another.
Burke.
-- Il*lic"it*ly, adv. --
Il*lic"it*ness, n.
Il*lic"it*ous (?), a.
Illicit. [R.] Cotgrave.
||Il*li"ci*um (?), n. [So called, in
allusion to its aroma, from L. illicium an allurement.]
(Bot.) A genus of Asiatic and American magnoliaceous
trees, having star-shaped fruit; star anise. The fruit of Illicium
anisatum is used as a spice in India, and its oil is largely used
in Europe for flavoring cordials, being almost identical with true
oil of anise.
Il*light"en (?), v. t. To
enlighten. [Obs.]
Il*lim"it*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. il-
not + limitable: cf. F. illimitable.]
Incapable of being limited or bounded; immeasurable; limitless;
boundless; as, illimitable space.
The wild, the irregular, the illimitable, and
the luxuriant, have their appropriate force of beauty.
De Quincey.
Syn. -- Boundless; limitless; unlimited; unbounded;
immeasurable; infinite; immense; vast.
-- Il*lim"it*a*ble*ness, n. --
Il*lim"it*a*bly, adv.
Il*lim`it*a"tion (?), n. [Pref. il-
not + limitation: cf. F. illimitation.] State
of being illimitable; want of, or freedom from, limitation.
Bp. Hall.
Il*lim"it*ed (?), a. Not limited;
interminable. Bp. Hall. -- Il*lim"it*ed*ness,
n.
The absoluteness and illimitedness of his
commission was generally much spoken of.
Clarendon.
Il`li*ni"tion (?), n. [L.
illinire, illinere, to besmear; pref. il- in, on
+ linire, linere, to smear.] 1. A
smearing or rubbing in or on; also, that which is smeared or rubbed
on, as ointment or liniment.
2. A thin crust of some extraneous substance
formed on minerals. [R.]
A thin crust or illinition of black
manganese.
Kirwan.
Il`li*nois" (?), n.sing. & pl.
(Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians, which
formerly occupied the region between the Wabash and Mississippi
rivers.
Il`li*qua"tion (?), n. [Pref. il-
in + L. liquare to melt.] The melting or dissolving
of one thing into another.
Ill"ish (?), a. Somewhat
ill. [Obs.] Howell.
Il*li"sion (?), n. [L. illisio,
fr. illidere, illisum, to strike against; pref. il-
in + laedere to strike.] The act of dashing or
striking against. Sir T. Browne.
Il*lit"er*a*cy (?), n.; pl.
Illiteracies (#). [From Illiterate.]
1. The state of being illiterate, or uneducated;
want of learning, or knowledge; ignorance; specifically, inability to
read and write; as, the illiteracy shown by the last
census.
2. An instance of ignorance; a literary
blunder.
The many blunders and illiteracies of the first
publishers of his [Shakespeare's] works.
Pope.
Il*lit"er*al (?), a. Not
literal. [R.] B. Dawson.
Il*lit"er*ate (?), a. [L.
illiteratus: pref. il- not + literatus learned.
See In- not, and Literal.] Ignorant of letters or
books; unlettered; uninstructed; uneducated; as, an illiterate
man, or people.
Syn. -- Ignorant; untaught; unlearned; unlettered;
unscholary. See Ignorant.
-- Il*lit"er*ate*ly, adv. --
Il*lit"er*ate*ness, n.
Il*lit"er*a*ture (?), n. Want of
learning; illiteracy. [R.] Ayliffe. Southey.
Ill"-judged` (?), a. Not well
judged; unwise.
Ill"-lived` (?), a. Leading a
wicked life. [Obs.]
Ill"-look`ing (?), a. Having a bad
look; threatening; ugly. See Note under Ill,
adv.
Ill`-man"nered (?), a. Impolite;
rude.
Ill"-mind`ed (?), a. Ill-
disposed. Byron.
Ill`-na"tured (?), a.
1. Of habitual bad temper; peevish; fractious;
cross; crabbed; surly; as, an ill-natured person.
2. Dictated by, or indicating, ill nature;
spiteful. "The ill-natured task refuse."
Addison.
3. Intractable; not yielding to
culture. [R.] "Ill-natured land." J.
Philips.
-- Ill`-na"tured*ly, adv. -- Ill`-
na"tured*ness, n.
Ill"ness (?), n. [From Ill.]
1. The condition of being ill, evil, or bad;
badness; unfavorableness. [Obs.] "The illness of the
weather." Locke.
2. Disease; indisposition; malady; disorder
of health; sickness; as, a short or a severe
illness.
3. Wrong moral conduct; wickedness.
Shak.
Syn. -- Malady; disease; indisposition; ailment. --
Illness, Sickness. Within the present century, there
has been a tendency in England to use illness in the sense of
a continuous disease, disorder of health, or sickness, and to confine
sickness more especially to a sense of nausea, or "sickness of
the stomach."
Ill"-nur`tured (?), a. Ill-
bred. Shak.
Il`lo*cal"i*ty (?), n. Want of
locality or place. [R.] Cudworth.
Il*log"ic*al (?), a. Ignorant or
negligent of the rules of logic or correct reasoning; as, an
illogical disputant; contrary of the rules of logic or sound
reasoning; as, an illogical inference. --
Il*log"ic*al*ly, adv. --
Il*log"ic*al*ness, n.
Ill`-o"mened (?), a. Having
unlucky omens; inauspicious. See Note under Ill,
adv.
Ill"-starred` (?), a. Fated to be
unfortunate; unlucky; as, an ill-starred man or day.
Ill`-tem"pered (?), a.
1. Of bad temper; morose; crabbed; sour;
peevish; fretful; quarrelsome.
2. Unhealthy; ill-conditioned.
[Obs.]
So ill-tempered I am grown, that I am afraid I
shall catch cold, while all the world is afraid to melt
away.
Pepys.
Ill"-timed` (?), a. Done,
attempted, or said, at an unsuitable or unpropitious time.
Ill`treat" (?), v. t. To treat
cruelly or improperly; to ill use; to maltreat.
Il*lude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Illuded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Illuding.] [L. illudere, illusum; pref. il-
in + ludere to play: cf. OF. illuder. See
Ludicrous.] To play upon by artifice; to deceive; to
mock; to excite and disappoint the hopes of.
Il*lume" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Illumed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Illuming.] [Cf. F. illuminer. See Illuminate.]
To throw or spread light upon; to make light or bright; to
illuminate; to illumine. Shak.
The mountain's brow,
Illumed with fluid gold.
Thomson.
Il*lu"mi*na*ble (?), a. Capable of
being illuminated.
Il*lu"mi*nant (?), n. [L.
illuminans, -antis, p. pr. of illuminare.]
That which illuminates or affords light; as, gas and petroleum
are illuminants. Boyle.
Il*lu"mi*na*ry (?), a.
Illuminative.
Il*lu"mi*nate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Illuminated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Illuminating (?).] [L. illuminatus, p. p.
of illuminare; pref. il- in + luminare to
enlighten, fr. lumen light. See Luminous, and cf.
Illume, Illumine, Enlimn, Limn.]
1. To make light; to throw light on; to supply
with light, literally or figuratively; to brighten.
2. To light up; to decorate with artificial
lights, as a building or city, in token of rejoicing or
respect.
3. To adorn, as a book or page with borders,
initial letters, or miniature pictures in colors and gold, as was
done in manuscripts of the Middle Ages.
4. To make plain or clear; to dispel the
obscurity to by knowledge or reason; to explain; to elucidate; as, to
illuminate a text, a problem, or a duty.
Il*lu"mi*nate (?), v. i. To light
up in token or rejoicing.
Il*lu"mi*nate (?), a. [L.
illuminatus, p. p.] Enlightened. Bp.
Hall.
Il*lu"mi*nate, n. One who is
enlightened; esp., a pretender to extraordinary light and
knowledge.
||Il*lu`mi*na"ti (?), n. pl. [L.
illuminatus. See Illuminate, v. t.,
and cf. Illuminee.] Literally, those who are
enlightened; -- variously applied as follows: --
1. (Eccl.) Persons in the early church
who had received baptism; in which ceremony a lighted taper was given
them, as a symbol of the spiritual illumination they has received by
that sacrament.
2. (Eccl. Hist.) Members of a sect
which sprung up in Spain about the year 1575. Their principal
doctrine was, that, by means of prayer, they had attained to so
perfect a state as to have no need of ordinances, sacraments, good
works, etc.; -- called also Alumbrados,
Perfectibilists, etc.
3. (Mod. Hist.) Members of certain
associations in Modern Europe, who combined to promote social
reforms, by which they expected to raise men and society to
perfection, esp. of one originated in 1776 by Adam Weishaupt,
professor of canon law at Ingolstadt, which spread rapidly for a
time, but ceased after a few years.
4. Also applied to: (a) An
obscure sect of French Familists; (b) The
Hesychasts, Mystics, and Quietists; (c)
The Rosicrucians.
5. Any persons who profess special spiritual
or intellectual enlightenment.
Il*lu"mi*na`ting (?), a. Giving or
producing light; used for illumination.
Illuminating gas. See Gas,
n., 2 (a).
Il*lu`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L.
illuminatio: cf. F. illumination.] 1.
The act of illuminating, or supplying with light; the state of
being illuminated.
2. Festive decoration of houses or buildings
with lights.
3. Adornment of books and manuscripts with
colored illustrations. See Illuminate, v.
t., 3.
4. That which is illuminated, as a house;
also, an ornamented book or manuscript.
5. That which illuminates or gives light;
brightness; splendor; especially, intellectual light or
knowledge.
The illumination which a bright genius giveth
to his work.
Felton.
6. (Theol.) The special communication
of knowledge to the mind by God; inspiration.
Hymns and psalms . . . are framed by meditation
beforehand, or by prophetical illumination are
inspired.
Hooker.
Il*lu"mi*na*tism (?), n.
Illuminism. [R.]
Il*lu"mi*na*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
illuminatif.] Tending to illuminate or illustrate;
throwing light; illustrative. "Illuminative reading."
Carlyle.
Il*lu"mi*na`tor (?), n. [L., an
enlightener, LL. also, an illuminator of books.] 1.
One whose occupation is to adorn books, especially manuscripts,
with miniatures, borders, etc. See Illuminate, v.
t., 3.
2. A condenser or reflector of light in
optical apparatus; also, an illuminant.
Il*lu"mine (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
illuminer. See Illuminate.] To illuminate; to
light up; to adorn.
Il*lu`mi*nee" (?), n. [F.
illuminé. Cf. Illuminati.] One of the
Illuminati.
Il*lu"mi*ner (?), n. One who, or
that which, illuminates.
Il*lu"mi*nism (?), n. [Cf. F.
illuminisme.] The principles of the Illuminati.
Il*lu`mi*nis"tic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to illuminism, or the Illuminati.
Il*lu"mi*nize (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Illuminized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Illuminizing (?).] To initiate the doctrines
or principles of the Illuminati.
Il*lu"mi*nous (?), a. Bright;
clear. [R.] H. Taylor.
Il*lure" (?), v. t. [Pref. il-
in + lure.] To deceive; to entice; to lure.
[Obs.]
The devil insnareth the souls of many men, by
illuring them with the muck and dung of this
world.
Fuller.
Ill`-used" (?), a. Misapplied;
treated badly.
Il*lu"sion (?), n. [F. illusion,
L. illusio, fr. illudere, illusum, to illude.
See Illude.] 1. An unreal image presented
to the bodily or mental vision; a deceptive appearance; a false show;
mockery; hallucination.
To cheat the eye with blear
illusions.
Milton.
2. Hence: Anything agreeably fascinating and
charming; enchantment; witchery; glamour.
Ye soft illusions, dear deceits,
arise!
Pope.
3. (Physiol.) A sensation originated
by some external object, but so modified as in any way to lead to an
erroneous perception; as when the rolling of a wagon is mistaken for
thunder.
&fist; Some modern writers distinguish between an illusion
and hallucination, regarding the former as originating with
some external object, and the latter as having no objective occasion
whatever.
4. A plain, delicate lace, usually of silk,
used for veils, scarfs, dresses, etc.
Syn. -- Delusion; mockery; deception; chimera; fallacy. See
Delusion. Illusion, Delusion. Illusion
refers particularly to errors of the sense; delusion to false
hopes or deceptions of the mind. An optical deception is an
illusion; a false opinion is a delusion. E.
Edwards.
Il*lu"sion*a*ble (?), a. Liable to
illusion.
Il*lu"sion*ist, n. One given to
illusion; a visionary dreamer.
Il*lu"sive (?), a. [See Illude.]
Deceiving by false show; deceitful; deceptive; false; illusory;
unreal.
Truth from illusive falsehood to
command.
Thomson.
Il*lu"sive*ly, adv. In a illusive
manner; falsely.
Il*lu"sive*ness, n. The quality of
being illusive; deceptiveness; false show.
Il*lu"so*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
illusore.] Deceiving, or tending of deceive; fallacious;
illusive; as, illusory promises or hopes.
Il*lus"tra*ble (?), a. Capable of
illustration. Sir T. Browne.
Il*lus"trate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Illustrated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Illustrating (?).] [L. illustratus, p. p.
of illustrare to illustrate, fr. illustris bright. See
Illustrious.] 1. To make clear, bright,
or luminous.
Here, when the moon illustrates all the
sky.
Chapman.
2. To set in a clear light; to exhibit
distinctly or conspicuously. Shak.
To prove him, and illustrate his high
worth.
Milton.
3. To make clear, intelligible, or
apprehensible; to elucidate, explain, or exemplify, as by means of
figures, comparisons, and examples.
4. To adorn with pictures, as a book or a
subject; to elucidate with pictures, as a history or a
romance.
5. To give renown or honor to; to make
illustrious; to glorify. [Obs.]
Matter to me of glory, whom their hate
Illustrates.
Milton.
Il*lus"trate (?), a. [L.
illustratus, p. p.] Illustrated; distinguished;
illustrious. [Obs.]
This most gallant, illustrate, and learned
gentleman.
Shak.
Il`lus*tra"tion (?), n. [L.
illustratio: cf. F. illustration.] 1.
The act of illustrating; the act of making clear and distinct;
education; also, the state of being illustrated, or of being made
clear and distinct.
2. That which illustrates; a comparison or
example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove
obscurity.
3. A picture designed to decorate a volume or
elucidate a literary work.
Il*lus"tra*tive (?), a.
1. Tending or designed to illustrate, exemplify,
or elucidate.
2. Making illustrious. [Obs.]
Il*lus"tra*tive*ly, adv. By way of
illustration or elucidation. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Il*lus"tra*tor (?), n. [L.] One
who illustrates.
Il*lus"tra*to*ry (?), a. Serving
to illustrate.
Il*lus"tri*ous (?), a. [L.
illustris, prob. for illuxtris; fr. il- in + the
root of lucidus bright: cf. F. illustre. See
Lucid.] 1. Possessing luster or
brightness; brilliant; luminous; splendid.
Quench the light; thine eyes are guides
illustrious.
Beau. & Fl.
2. Characterized by greatness, nobleness,
etc.; eminent; conspicuous; distinguished.
Illustrious earls, renowened
everywhere.
Drayton.
3. Conferring luster or honor; renowned; as,
illustrious deeds or titles.
Syn. -- Distinguished; famous; remarkable; brilliant;
conspicuous; noted; celebrated; signal; renowened; eminent; exalted;
noble; glorious. See Distinguished, Famous.
Il*lus"tri*ous*ly, adv. In a
illustrious manner; conspicuously; eminently; famously.
Milton.
Il*lus"tri*ous*ness, n. The state
or quality of being eminent; greatness; grandeur; glory;
fame.
Il*lus"trous (?), a. [Pref. il-
not + lustrous.] Without luster. [Obs. & R.]
Il`lu*ta"tion (?), n. [Pref. il-
in + L. lutum mud: cf. F. illutation.] The act or
operation of smearing the body with mud, especially with the sediment
from mineral springs; a mud bath.
Il`lux*u"ri*ous (?), a. Not
luxurious. [R.] Orrery.
Ill`-will" (?). See under Ill,
a.
Ill`-wish"er (?), n. One who
wishes ill to another; an enemy.
Il"ly (?), adv. [A word not fully
approved, but sometimes used for the adverb ill.]
Il"men*ite (?), n. [So called from
Ilmen, a branch of the Ural Mountains.] (Min.)
Titanic iron. See Menaccanite.
Il*me"ni*um (?), n. [NL. See
Ilmenite.] (Chem.) A supposed element claimed to
have been discovered by R.Harmann.
Il"va*ite (?), n. [From L. Ilva,
the island now called Elba.] (Min.) A silicate of iron
and lime occurring in black prismatic crystals and columnar
masses.
I'm (?). A contraction of I am.
Im- (?). A form of the prefix in- not, and
in- in. See In-. Im- also occurs in composition
with some words not of Latin origin; as, imbank,
imbitter.
Im"age (?), n. [F., fr. L.
imago, imaginis, from the root of imitari to
imitate. See Imitate, and cf. Imagine.]
1. An imitation, representation, or similitude
of any person, thing, or act, sculptured, drawn, painted, or
otherwise made perceptible to the sight; a visible presentation; a
copy; a likeness; an effigy; a picture; a semblance.
Even like a stony image, cold and
numb.
Shak.
Whose is this image and
superscription?
Matt. xxii. 20.
This play is the image of a murder done in
Vienna.
Shak.
And God created man in his own
image.
Gen. i. 27.
2. Hence: The likeness of anything to which
worship is paid; an idol. Chaucer.
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image,
. . . thou shalt not bow down thyself to them.
Ex.
xx. 4, 5.
3. Show; appearance; cast.
The face of things a frightful image
bears.
Dryden.
4. A representation of anything to the mind;
a picture drawn by the fancy; a conception; an idea.
Can we conceive
Image of aught delightful, soft, or great?
Prior.
5. (Rhet.) A picture, example, or
illustration, often taken from sensible objects, and used to
illustrate a subject; usually, an extended metaphor. Brande
& C.
6. (Opt.) The figure or picture of any
object formed at the focus of a lens or mirror, by rays of light from
the several points of the object symmetrically refracted or reflected
to corresponding points in such focus; this may be received on a
screen, a photographic plate, or the retina of the eye, and viewed
directly by the eye, or with an eyeglass, as in the telescope and
microscope; the likeness of an object formed by reflection; as, to
see one's image in a mirror.
Electrical image. See under
Electrical. -- Image breaker, one
who destroys images; an iconoclast. -- Image
graver, Image maker, a sculptor.
-- Image worship, the worship of images as
symbols; iconolatry distinguished from idolatry; the worship of
images themselves. -- Image Purkinje
(Physics), the image of the retinal blood vessels
projected in, not merely on, that membrane. -- Virtual
image (Optics), a point or system of points, on
one side of a mirror or lens, which, if it existed, would emit the
system of rays which actually exists on the other side of the mirror
or lens. Clerk Maxwell.
Im"age (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imaging (?).] 1. To represent or form an
image of; as, the still lake imaged the shore; the mirror
imaged her figure. "Shrines of imaged saints."
J. Warton.
2. To represent to the mental vision; to form
a likeness of by the fancy or recollection; to imagine.
Condemn'd whole years in absence to deplore,
And image charms he must behold no more.
Pope.
Im"age*a*ble (?), a. That may be
imaged. [R.]
Im"age*less, a. Having no
image. Shelley.
Im"a*ger (?), n. One who images or
forms likenesses; a sculptor. [Obs.]
Praxiteles was ennobled for a rare
imager.
Holland.
Im"age*ry (&ibreve;m"&asl;j*r&ybreve;; 277),
n. [OE. imagerie, F. imagerie.]
1. The work of one who makes images or visible
representation of objects; imitation work; images in general, or in
mass. "Painted imagery." Shak.
In those oratories might you see
Rich carvings, portraitures, and imagery.
Dryden.
2. Fig.: Unreal show; imitation;
appearance.
What can thy imagery of sorrow
mean?
Prior.
3. The work of the imagination or fancy;
false ideas; imaginary phantasms.
The imagery of a melancholic
fancy.
Atterbury.
4. Rhetorical decoration in writing or
speaking; vivid descriptions presenting or suggesting images of
sensible objects; figures in discourse.
I wish there may be in this poem any instance of good
imagery.
Dryden.
Im*ag`i*na*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Capacity for imagination. [R.] Coleridge.
Im*ag"i*na*ble (?), a. [L.
imaginabilis: cf. F. imaginable.] Capable of being
imagined; conceivable.
Men sunk into the greatest darkness
imaginable.
Tillotson.
-- Im*ag"i*na*ble*ness, n. --
Im*ag"i*na*bly, adv.
Im*ag"i*nal (?), a. [L.
imaginalis.] 1. Characterized by
imagination; imaginative; also, given to the use or rhetorical
figures or imagins.
2. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to an
imago.
Imaginal disks (Zoöl.), masses
of hypodermic cells, carried by the larvæ of some insects after
leaving the egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult
are subsequently formed.
Im*ag"i*nant (?), a. [L.
imaginans, p. pr. of imaginari: cf. F.
imaginant.] Imagining; conceiving. [Obs.]
Bacon. -- n. An imaginer. [Obs.]
Glanvill.
Im*ag"i*na*ri*ly (?), a. In a
imaginary manner; in imagination. B. Jonson.
Im*ag"i*na*ri*ness, n. The state
or quality of being imaginary; unreality.
Im*ag"i*na*ry (?), a. [L.
imaginarius: cf. F. imaginaire.] Existing only in
imagination or fancy; not real; fancied; visionary; ideal.
Wilt thou add to all the griefs I suffer
Imaginary ills and fancied tortures?
Addison.
Imaginary calculus See under
Calculus. -- Imaginary expression or
quantity (Alg.), an algebraic expression
which involves the impossible operation of taking the square root of
a negative quantity; as, √-9, a + b √-
1. -- Imaginary points,
lines, surfaces, etc.
(Geom.), points, lines, surfaces, etc., imagined to exist,
although by reason of certain changes of a figure they have in fact
ceased to have a real existence.
Syn. -- Ideal; fanciful; chimerical; visionary; fancied;
unreal; illusive.
Im*ag"i*na*ry, n. (Alg.) An
imaginary expression or quantity.
Im*ag"i*nate (?), a.
Imaginative. [Obs.] Holland.
Im*ag`i*na"tion (?), n. [OE.
imaginacionum, F. imagination, fr. L.
imaginatio. See Imagine.] 1. The
imagine-making power of the mind; the power to create or reproduce
ideally an object of sense previously perceived; the power to call up
mental imagines.
Our simple apprehension of corporeal objects, if
present, is sense; if absent, is imagination.
Glanvill.
Imagination is of three kinds: joined with
belief of that which is to come; joined with memory of that which is
past; and of things present, or as if they were present.
Bacon.
2. The representative power; the power to
reconstruct or recombine the materials furnished by direct
apprehension; the complex faculty usually termed the plastic
or creative power; the fancy.
The imagination of common language -- the
productive imagination of philosophers -- is nothing but the
representative process plus the process to which I would give the
name of the "comparative."
Sir W. Hamilton.
The power of the mind to decompose its conceptions,
and to recombine the elements of them at its pleasure, is called its
faculty of imagination.
I. Taylor.
The business of conception is to present us with an
exact transcript of what we have felt or perceived. But we have
moreover a power of modifying our conceptions, by combining the parts
of different ones together, so as to form new wholes of our creation.
I shall employ the word imagination to express this
power.
Stewart.
3. The power to recombine the materials
furnished by experience or memory, for the accomplishment of an
elevated purpose; the power of conceiving and expressing the
ideal.
The lunatic, the lover, and the poet
Are of imagination all compact . . .
The poet's eye, in a fine frenzy rolling,
Doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven,
And as imagination bodies forth
The forms of things unknown, the poet's pen
Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing
A local habitation and a name.
Shak.
4. A mental image formed by the action of the
imagination as a faculty; a conception; a notion.
Shak.
Syn. -- Conception; idea; conceit; fancy; device;
origination; invention; scheme; design; purpose; contrivance. --
Imagination, Fancy. These words have, to a great
extent, been interchanged by our best writers, and considered as
strictly synonymous. A distinction, however, is now made between them
which more fully exhibits their nature. Properly speaking, they are
different exercises of the same general power -- the plastic or
creative faculty. Imagination consists in taking parts of our
conceptions and combining them into new forms and images more select,
more striking, more delightful, more terrible, etc., than those of
ordinary nature. It is the higher exercise of the two. It creates by
laws more closely connected with the reason; it has strong
emotion as its actuating and formative cause; it aims at results
of a definite and weighty character. Milton's fiery lake, the debates
of his Pandemonium, the exquisite scenes of his Paradise, are all
products of the imagination. Fancy moves on a lighter wing; it
is governed by laws of association which are more remote, and
sometimes arbitrary or capricious. Hence the term fanciful,
which exhibits fancy in its wilder flights. It has for its actuating
spirit feelings of a lively, gay, and versatile character; it seeks
to please by unexpected combinations of thought, startling contrasts,
flashes of brilliant imagery, etc. Pope's Rape of the Lock is an
exhibition of fancy which has scarcely its equal in the literature of
any country. -- "This, for instance, Wordsworth did in respect of the
words ‘imagination' and ‘fancy.' Before he wrote, it was,
I suppose, obscurely felt by most that in ‘imagination' there
was more of the earnest, in ‘fancy' of the play of the spirit;
that the first was a loftier faculty and gift than the second; yet
for all this words were continually, and not without loss,
confounded. He first, in the preface to his Lyrical Ballads, rendered
it henceforth impossible that any one, who had read and mastered what
he has written on the two words, should remain unconscious any longer
of the important difference between them." Trench.
The same power, which we should call fancy if
employed on a production of a light nature, would be dignified with
the title of imagination if shown on a grander
scale.
C. J. Smith.
Im*ag`i*na"tion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to, involving, or caused by, imagination.
Im*ag`i*na"tion*al*ism (?), n.
Idealism. J. Grote.
Im*ag"i*na*tive (?), a. [F.
imaginatif.] 1. Proceeding from, and
characterized by, the imagination, generally in the highest sense of
the word.
In all the higher departments of imaginative
art, nature still constitutes an important element.
Mure.
2. Given to imagining; full of images,
fancies, etc.; having a quick imagination; conceptive;
creative.
Milton had a highly imaginative, Cowley a very
fanciful mind.
Coleridge.
3. Unreasonably suspicious; jealous.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
-- Im*ag"i*na*tive*ly, adv. --
Im*ag"i*na*tive*ness, n.
Im*ag"ine (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imagined (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imagining.] [F. imaginer, L. imaginari, p. p.
imaginatus, fr. imago image. See Image.]
1. To form in the mind a notion or idea of; to
form a mental image of; to conceive; to produce by the
imagination.
In the night, imagining some fear,
How easy is a bush supposed a bear!
Shak.
2. To contrive in purpose; to scheme; to
devise; to compass; to purpose. See Compass, v.
t., 5.
How long will ye imagine mischief against a
man?
Ps. lxii. 3.
3. To represent to one's self; to think; to
believe. Shak.
Syn. -- To fancy; conceive; apprehend; think; believe;
suppose; opine; deem; plan; scheme; devise.
Im*ag"ine, v. i. 1.
To form images or conceptions; to conceive; to devise.
2. To think; to suppose.
My sister is not so defenseless left
As you imagine.
Milton.
Im*ag"in*er (?), n. One who forms
ideas or conceptions; one who contrives. Bacon.
Im*ag"in*ous (?), a.
Imaginative. [R.] Chapman.
||I*ma"go (?), n.; pl.
Imagoes (#). [L. See Image.]
1. An image.
2. (Zoöl.) The final adult, and
usually winged, state of an insect. See Illust. of Ant-
lion, and Army worm.
{ ||I*mam" (?), ||I*man" (?), ||I*maum"
(?), } n. [Ar. imām.]
1. Among the Mohammedans, a minister or priest
who performs the regular service of the mosque.
2. A Mohammedan prince who, as a successor of
Mohammed, unites in his person supreme spiritual and temporal
power.
I*ma"ret (?), n. [Turk., fr. Ar.
'imāra.] A lodging house for Mohammedan
pilgrims. Moore.
Im*balm" (?), v. t. See
Embalm.
Im*ban" (?), v. t. To put under a
ban. [R.] Barlow.
Im*band" (?), v. t. To form into a
band or bands. "Imbanded nations." J.
Barlow.
Im*bank" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbanked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbanking.] [Pref. im- in + bank. Cf.
Embank.] To inclose or defend with a bank or banks. See
Embank.
Im*bank"ment (?), n. The act of
surrounding with a bank; a bank or mound raised for defense, a
roadway, etc.; an embankment. See Embankment.
Im*ban"nered (?), a. Having
banners.
Im*bar" (?), v. t. To bar in; to
secure. [Obs.]
To imbar their crooked titles.
Shak.
Im*bar"go (?), n. See
Embargo.
Im*bark" (?), v. i. & t. See
Embark.
Im*barn" (?), v. t. To store in a
barn. [Obs.]
Im*base" (?), v. t. See
Embase.
Im*base", v. i. To diminish in
value. [Obs.] Hales.
Im*bas"tard*ize (?), v. t. To
bastardize; to debase. [Obs.] Milton.
Im*bathe" (?), v. t. [Pref. im-
in + bathe. Cf. Embathe.] To bathe; to wash
freely; to immerse.
And gave her to his daughters to imbathe
In nectared lavers strewed with asphodel.
Milton.
Im*bay" (?), v. t. See
Embay.
Im"be*cile (?), a. [L.
imbecillis, and imbecillus; of unknown origin: cf. F.
imbécile.] Destitute of strength, whether of body
or mind; feeble; impotent; esp., mentally wea; feeble-minded; as,
hospitals for the imbecile and insane.
Syn. -- Weak; feeble; feeble-minded; idiotic.
Im"be*cile, n. One destitute of
strength; esp., one of feeble mind.
Im"be*cile, v. t. To weaken; to
make imbecile; as, to imbecile men's courage. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Im`be*cil"i*tate (?), v. t. To
weaken, as to the body or the mind; to enfeeble. [R.] A.
Wilson.
Im`be*cil"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Imbecilities (#). [L. imbecillitas: cf. F.
imbécillité.] The quality of being
imbecile; weakness; feebleness, esp. of mind.
Cruelty . . . argues not only a depravedness of
nature, but also a meanness of courage and imbecility of
mind.
Sir W. Temple.
&fist; This term is used specifically to denote natural weakness
of the mental faculties, affecting one's power to act reasonably or
intelligently.
Syn. -- Debility; infirmity; weakness; feebleness;
impotence. See Debility.
Im*bed" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbedded (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbedding.] [Pref. im- in + bed. Cf.
Embed.] To sink or lay, as in a bed; to deposit in a
partly inclosing mass, as of clay or mortar; to cover, as with earth,
sand, etc.
Im*bel"lic (?), a. [L. imbellis;
pref. im- = in- not + bellum war; cf.
bellicus warlike.] Not warlike or martial. [Obs.]
R. Junius.
Im*bench"ing (?), n. [Pref. im-
in + bench.] A raised work like a bench. [Obs.]
Parkhurst.
Im"ber-goose` (?), n.
(Zoöl.) The loon. See Ember-goose.
Im*bez"zle (?), v. t. [Obs.] See
Embezzle.
Im*bibe" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbibed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbibing.] [L. imbibere; pref. im- in +
bibere to drink: cf. F. imbiber. Cf. Bib,
Imbue, Potable.] 1. To drink in;
to absorb; to suck or take in; to receive as by drinking; as, a
person imbibes drink, or a sponge imbibes
moisture.
2. To receive or absorb into the mind and
retain; as, to imbibe principles; to imbibe
errors.
3. To saturate; to imbue. [Obs.]
"Earth, imbibed with . . . acid." Sir I. Newton.
Im*bib"er (?), n. One who, or that
which, imbibes.
Im`bi*bi"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
imbibition.] The act or process of imbibing, or
absorbing; as, the post-mortem imbibition of poisons.
Bacon.
Im*bit"ter (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Imbittered (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Imbittering.] [Pref. im- in +
bitter. Cf. Embitter.] [Written also embitter.]
To make bitter; hence, to make distressing or more distressing;
to make sad, morose, sour, or malignant.
Is there anything that more imbitters the
enjoyment of this life than shame?
South.
Imbittered against each other by former
contests.
Bancroft.
Im*bit"ter*er (?), n. One who, or
that which, imbitters.
Im*bit"ter*ment (?), n. The act of
imbittering; bitter feeling; embitterment.
Im*blaze" (?), v. t. See
Emblaze.
Im*bla"zon (?), v. t. See
Emblazon.
Im*bod"y (?), v. i. [See
Embody.] To become corporeal; to assume the qualities of
a material body. See Embody.
The soul grows clotted by contagion,
Imbodies, and imbrutes.
Milton.
Im*boil" (?), v. t. & i. [Obs.]
See Emboil.
Im*bold"en (?), v. t. See
Embolden.
Im*bon"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. im-
not + L. bonitas goodness.] Want of goodness.
[Obs.] Burton.
Im*bor"der (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Imbordered (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Imbordering.] [Pref. im- in +
border. Cf. Emborder.] To furnish or inclose with
a border; to form a border of. Milton.
Im*bosk" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbosked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbosking.] [CF. It. imboscare to imbosk,
imboscarsi to retire into a wood; pref. im- in +
bosco wood. See Boscage, and cf. Ambush.]
To conceal, as in bushes; to hide. [Obs.]
Shelton.
Im*bosk", v. i. To be
concealed. [R.] Milton.
Im*bos"om (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbosomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbosoming.] [Pref. im- in + bosom. Cf.
Embosom.] 1. To hold in the bosom; to
cherish in the heart or affection; to embosom.
2. To inclose or place in the midst of; to
surround or shelter; as, a house imbosomed in a grove.
"Villages imbosomed soft in trees." Thomson.
The Father infinite,
By whom in bliss imbosomed sat the Son.
Milton.
Im*boss" (?), v. t. See
Emboss.
Im*bos"ture (?), n. [See
Emboss.] Embossed or raised work. [Obs.] Beau.
& Fl.
Im*bound" (?), v. t. To inclose in
limits; to shut in. [Obs.] Shak.
Im*bow" (?), v. t. [Pref. im- in
+ bow. Cf. Embow.] To make like a bow; to curve;
to arch; to vault; to embow. "Imbowed windows."
Bacon.
Im*bow"el (?), v. t. See
Embowel.
Im*bow"er (?), v. t. & i. See
Embower.
Im*bow"ment (?), n. act of
imbowing; an arch; a vault. Bacon.
Im*box" (?), v. t. To inclose in a
box.
Im*bra"cer*y (?), n.
Embracery. [Obs.]
Im*braid" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See
Embraid.
Im*bran"gle (?), v. t. To entangle
as in a cobweb; to mix confusedly. [R.] Hudibras.
Physiology imbrangled with an inapplicable
logic.
Coleridge.
Im*breed" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Inbreed.] To generate within; to inbreed. [Obs.]
Hakewill.
{ Im"bri*cate (?), Im"bri*ca`ted (?), }
a. [L. imbricatus, p. p. of imbricare
to cover with tiles, to form like a gutter tile, fr. imbrex,
-icis, a hollow tile, gutter tile, fr. imber rain.]
1. Bent and hollowed like a roof or gutter
tile.
2. Lying over each other in regular order, so
as to "break joints," like tiles or shingles on a roof, the scales on
the leaf buds of plants and the cups of some acorns, or the scales of
fishes; overlapping each other at the margins, as leaves in
æstivation.
3. In decorative art: Having scales lapping
one over the other, or a representation of such scales; as, an
imbricated surface; an imbricated pattern.
Im"bri*cate (?), v. t. To lay in
order, one lapping over another, so as to form an imbricated
surface.
Im`bri*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
imbrication.] An overlapping of the edges, like that of
tiles or shingles; hence, intricacy of structure; also, a pattern or
decoration representing such a structure.
Im"bri*ca*tive (?), a. (Bot.)
Imbricate.
Im`bro*ca"do (?), n.; pl.
Imbrocadoes (#). [See Brocade.] Cloth
of silver or of gold. [R.]
{ ||Im`bro*ca"ta (?), Im`broc*ca"ta },
n. [It. imbroccata.] A hit or
thrust. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Im*brogl"io (?), n.; pl.
Imbroglios (#). [Written also embroglio.]
[It. See 1st Broil, and cf. Embroil.]
1. An intricate, complicated plot, as of a drama
or work of fiction.
2. A complicated and embarrassing state of
things; a serious misunderstanding.
Wrestling to free itself from the baleful
imbroglio.
Carlyle.
Im*brown" (?), v. t. [Pref. im-
in + brown. Cf. Embrown.] To make brown; to
obscure; to darken; to tan; as, features imbrowned by
exposure.
The mountain mass by scorching skies
imbrowned.
Byron.
Im*brue" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbureed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbureing.] [Cf. OF. embruer, also embruver,
embreuver, embrever, to give to drink, soak (see pref.
En-, 1, 1st In-, and Breverage), but also OE.
enbrewen, enbrowen, to stain, soil (cf.
Brewis).] To wet or moisten; to soak; to drench,
especially in blood.
While Darwen stream, will blood of Scots
imbrued.
Milton.
Im*brue"ment (?), n. The act of
imbruing or state of being imbrued.
Im*brute" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbruted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbruting.] [Pref. im- in + brute: cf. F.
abrutir. Cf. Embrute.] To degrade to the state of
a brute; to make brutal.
And mixed with bestial slime,
THis essence to incarnate and imbrute.
Milton.
Im*brute", v. i. To sink to the
state of a brute.
The soul grows clotted by contagion,
Imbodies, and imbrutes, till she quite lose
The divine property of her first being.
Milton.
Im*brute"ment (?), n. The act of
imbruting, or the state of being imbruted. [R.]
Brydges.
Im*bue" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imbued (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imbuing.] [L. imbuere; pref. im- in + perh. a
disused simple word akin to L. bibere to drink. Cf.
Imbibe.] 1. To tinge deeply; to dye; to
cause to absorb; as, clothes thoroughly imbued with
black.
2. To tincture deply; to cause to become
impressed or penetrated; as, to imbue the minds of youth with
good principles.
Thy words with grace divine
Imbued, bring to their sweetness no satiety.
Milton.
Im*bue"ment (?), n. The act of
imbuing; the state of being imbued; hence, a deep tincture.
Im*burse" (?), v. t. [Pref. im-
in + burse: cf. F. embourser to put into one's purse.
See Burse, and Purse.] To supply or stock with
money. [Obs.]
Im*burse"ment (?), n.
1. The act of imbursing, or the state of being
imbursed. [Obs.]
2. Money laid up in stock. [Obs.]
Im*bu"tion (?), n. An
imbuing. [Obs.]
I*mes"a*tin (?), n.
[Imide + isatin.] (Chem.) A dark
yellow, crystalline substance, obtained by the action of ammonia on
isatin.
Im"ide (?), n. (Chem.) A
compound with, or derivative of, the imido group; specif., a compound
of one or more acid radicals with the imido group, or with a
monamine; hence, also, a derivative of ammonia, in which two atoms of
hydrogen have been replaced by divalent basic or acid radicals; --
frequently used as a combining form; as,
succinimide.
Im"i*do (?), a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, containing, or combined with, the radical NH,
which is called the imido group.
Imido acid, an organic acid, consisting of
one or more acid radicals so united with the imido group that it
contains replaceable acid hydrogen, and plays the part of an acid;
as, uric acid, succinimide, etc., are imido acids.
Im`it*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [See
Imitable.] The quality of being imitable.
Norris.
Im"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
imitabilis: cf. F. imitable. See Imitate.]
1. Capable of being imitated or
copied.
The characters of man placed in lower stations of life
are more usefull, as being imitable by great
numbers.
Atterbury.
2. Worthy of imitation; as, imitable
character or qualities. Sir W. Raleigh.
Im"i*ta*ble*ness, n. The state or
quality of being imitable; worthness of imitation.
Im"i*tan*cy (?), n. [From L.
imitans, p. pr. of imitare.] Tendency to
imitation. [R.] Carlyle.
Im"i*tate (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imitated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imitating (?).] [L. imitatus, p. p. of imitari
to imitate; of unknown origin. Cf. Image.] 1.
To follow as a pattern, model, or example; to copy or strive to
copy, in acts, manners etc.
Despise wealth and imitate a dog.
Cowlay.
2. To produce a semblance or likeness of, in
form, character, color, qualities, conduct, manners, and the like; to
counterfeit; to copy.
A place picked out by choice of best alive
The Nature's work by art can imitate.
Spenser.
This hand appeared a shining sword to weild,
And that sustained an imitated shield.
Dryden.
3. (Biol.) To resemble (another
species of animal, or a plant, or inanimate object) in form, color,
ornamentation, or instinctive habits, so as to derive an advantage
thereby; sa, when a harmless snake imitates a venomous one in
color and manner, or when an odorless insect imitates, in
color, one having secretion offensive to birds.
Im"i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
imitatio: cf. F. imitation.] 1.
The act of imitating.
Poesy is an art of imitation, . . . that is to
say, a representing, counterfeiting, or figuring forth.
Sir P. Sidney.
2. That which is made or produced as a copy;
that which is made to resemble something else, whether for laudable
or for fraudulent purposes; likeness; resemblance.
Both these arts are not only true imitations of
nature, but of the best nature.
Dryden.
3. (Mus.) One of the principal means
of securing unity and consistency in polyphonic composition; the
repetition of essentially the same melodic theme, phrase, or motive,
on different degrees of pitch, by one or more of the other parts of
voises. Cf. Canon.
4. (Biol.) The act of condition of
imitating another species of animal, or a plant, or unanimate object.
See Imitate, v. t., 3.
&fist; Imitation is often used adjectively to characterize
things which have a deceptive appearance, simulating the qualities of
a superior article; -- opposed to real or genuine; as,
imitation lace; imitation bronze; imitation
modesty, etc.
Im`i*ta"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining
to, or employed in, imitation; as, imitational
propensities.
Im"i*ta*tive (?), a. [L.
imitavitus: cf. F. imitatif.] 1.
Inclined to imitate, copy, or follow; imitating; exhibiting some
of the qualities or characteristics of a pattern or model; dependent
on example; not original; as, man is an imitative being;
painting is an imitative art.
2. Formed after a model, pattern, or
original.
This temple, less in form, with equal grace,
Was imitative of the first in Thrace.
Dryden.
3. (Nat. Hist.) Designed to imitate
another species of animal, or a plant, or inanimate object, for some
useful purpose, such as protection from enemies; having resemblance
to something else; as, imitative colors; imitative
habits; dendritic and mammillary forms of minerals are
imitative.
-- Im"i*ta*tive*ly, adv. --
Im"i*ta*tive*ness, n.
Im"i*ta*tive, n. (Gram.) A
verb expressive of imitation or resemblance. [R.]
Im"i*ta"tor (?), n. [L.] One who
imitates.
Im"i*ta`tor*ship, n. The state or
office of an imitator. "Servile imitatorship."
Marston.
Im"i*ta`tress (?), n. A woman who
is an imitator.
Im"i*ta`trix (?), n. An
imitatress.
Im*mac"u*late (?), a. [L.
immaculatus; pref. im- not + maculatus, p. p. of
maculare to spot, stane, fr. macula spot. See
Mail armor.] Without stain or blemish; spotless;
undefiled; clear; pure.
Were but my soul as pure
From other guilt as that, Heaven did not hold
One more immaculate.
Denham.
Thou sheer, immaculate and silver
fountain.
Shak.
Immaculate conception (R. C. Ch.),
the doctrine that the Virgin Mary was conceived without original
sin.
-- Im*mac"u*late*ly, adv. --
Im*mac"u*late*ness, n.
Im*mailed" (?), a. Wearing mail or
armor; clad of armor. W. Browne.
Im*mal"le*a*ble (?), a. Not
maleable.
Im*man"a*cle (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Immanacled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Immanacling (?).] To manacle; to fetter;
hence; to confine; to restrain from free action.
Although this corporal rind
Thou hast immanacled.
Milton.
Im"ma*na"tion (?), n. [Pref. im-
in + L. manare to flow; cf. mantio a flowing.] A
flowing or entering in; -- opposed to emanation. [R.]
Good.
Im*mane" (?), a. [L. immanis.]
Very great; huge; vast; also, monstrous in character; inhuman;
atrocious; fierce. [Obs.] "So immane a man."
Chapman.
-- Im*mane"ly, adv. [Obs.]
{ Im"ma*nence (?), Im"ma*nen*cy (?), }
n. The condition or quality of being immanent;
inherence; an indwelling.
[Clement] is mainly concerned in enforcing the
immanence of God. Christ is everywhere presented by him as
Deity indwelling in the world.
A. V. G.
Allen.
Im"ma*nent (?), a. [L. immanens,
p. pr. of immanere to remain in or near; pref. im- in +
manere to remain: cf. F. immanent.] Remaining
within; inherent; indwelling; abiding; intrinsic; internal or
subjective; hence, limited in activity, agency, or effect, to the
subject or associated acts; -- opposed to emanant,
transitory, transitive, or objective.
A cognition is an immanent act of
mind.
Sir W. Hamilton.
An immanent power in the life of the
world.
Hare.
Im*man"i*fest (?), a. Not
manifest. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Im*man"i*ty (?), n. [L.
immanitas.] The state or quality of being immane;
barbarity. [R.] Shak.
Im*man"tle (?), v. t. See
Emmantle. [R.]
Im*man"u*el (?), n. [Heb.
'immān&?;ēl, fr. 'im with +
ān&?; us + ēl God.] God with us; -- an
appellation of the Christ. Is. vii. 14. Matt. i.
23.
Im`mar*ces"ci*ble (?), a. [L.
immarcescibilis; pref. im- not + marcescere to
fade: cf. F. immarcescible.] Unfading; lasting.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Im`mar*ces"ci*bly, adv.
Unfadingly. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Im*mar"gin*ate (?), a. (Bot.)
Not having a distinctive margin or border.
Grey.
Im*mar"tial (?), a. Not martial;
unwarlike. [Obs.]
Im*mask" (?), v. t. To cover, as
with a mask; to disguise or conceal. [R.] Shak.
Im*match"a*ble (?), a. Matchless;
peerless. [Obs.] Holland.
Im`ma*te"ri*al
(&ibreve;m`m&adot;*tē"r&ibreve;*al),
a. [Pref. im- not + material: cf. F.
immatériel.] 1. Not consisting of
matter; incorporeal; spiritual; disembodied.
Angels are spirits immaterial and
intellectual.
Hooker.
2. Of no substantial consequence; without
weight or significance; unimportant; as, it is wholly
immaterial whether he does so or not.
Syn. -- Unimportant; inconsequential; insignificant;
inconsiderable; trifling.
Im`ma*te"ri*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
immatérialisme.] 1. The doctrine
that immaterial substances or spiritual being exist, or are
possible.
2. (Philos.) The doctrine that
external bodies may be reduced to mind and ideas in a mind; any
doctrine opposed to materialism or phenomenalism, esp. a system that
maintains the immateriality of the soul; idealism; esp., Bishop
Berkeley's theory of idealism.
Im`ma*te"ri*al*ist, n. [Cf. F.
immatérialiste.] (Philos.) One who believes
in or professes, immaterialism.
Im`ma*te`ri*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Immaterialities (#). [Cf. F.
immatérialité.] The state or quality of
being immaterial or incorporeal; as, the immateriality of the
soul.
Im`ma*te"ri*al*ize (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
immatérialiser.] To render immaterial or
incorporeal.
Immateralized spirits.
Glanvill.
Im`ma*te"ri*al*ly, adv.
1. In an immaterial manner; without matter or
corporeal substance.
2. In an unimportant manner or
degree.
Im`ma*te"ri*al*ness, n. The state
or quality of being immaterial; immateriality.
Im`ma*te"ri*ate (?), a.
Immaterial. [Obs.] Bacon.
Im`ma*ture" (?), a. [L.
immaturus; pref. im- not + maturus mature, ripe.
See Mature.] 1. Not mature; unripe; not
arrived at perfection of full development; crude; unfinished; as,
immature fruit; immature character; immature
plans. "An ill-measured and immature counsel."
Bacon.
2. Premature; untimely; too early; as, an
immature death. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
Im`ma*tured" (?), a.
Immature.
Im`ma*ture"ly (?), adv. In an
immature manner. Warburion.
Im`ma*ture"ness, n. The state or
quality of being immature; immaturity. Boyle.
Im`ma*tu"ri*ty (?), n. [L.
immaturitas: cf. F. immaturité.] The state
or quality of being immature or not fully developed; unripeness;
incompleteness.
When the world has outgrown its intellectual
immaturity.
Caird.
Im`me*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. im-
not + L. meabilis passable, fr. meare to pass.]
Want of power to pass, or to permit passage;
impassableness.
Immeability of the juices.
Arbuthnot.
Im*meas`ur*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being immeasurable; immensurability.
Im*meas"ur*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + measurable: cf. F. measurable. Cf.
Immensurable, Unmeasurable.] Incapable of being
measured; indefinitely extensive; illimitable; immensurable;
vast.
Of depth immeasurable.
Milton.
Im*meas"ur*a*ble*ness, n. The
state or quality of being immeasurable.
Eternity and immeasurableness belong to thought
alone.
F. W. Robertson.
Im*meas"ur*a*bly, adv. In an
immeasurable manner or degree. "Immeasurably distant."
Wordsworth.
Im*meas"ured (?), a.
Immeasurable. [R.] Spenser.
Im`me*chan"ic*al (?), a. Not
mechanical. [Obs.] Cheyne. --
Im"me*chan"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]
Im*me"di*a*cy (?), n. The relation
of freedom from the interventionof a medium; immediateness.
Shak.
Im*me"di*ate (?), a. [F.
immédiat. See In- not, and Mediate.]
1. Not separated in respect to place by anything
intervening; proximate; close; as, immediate
contact.
You are the most immediate to our
throne.
Shak.
2. Not deferred by an interval of time;
present; instant. "Assemble we immediate council."
Shak.
Death . . . not yet inflicted, as he feared,
By some immediate stroke.
Milton.
3. Acting with nothing interposed or between,
or without the intervention of another object as a cause, means, or
agency; acting, perceived, or produced, directly; as, an
immediate cause.
The immediate knowledge of the past is
therefore impossible.
Sir. W. Hamilton.
Immediate amputation (Surg.), an
amputation performed within the first few hours after an injury, and
before the the effects of the shock have passed away.
Syn. -- Proximate; close; direct; next.
Im*me"di*ate*ly (?), adv.
1. In an immediate manner; without intervention
of any other person or thing; proximately; directly; -- opposed to
mediately; as, immediately contiguous.
God's acceptance of it either immediately by
himself, or mediately by the hands of the bishop.
South.
2. Without interval of time; without delay;
promptly; instantly; at once.
And Jesus . . . touched him, saying, I will; be thou
clean. And immediately his leprosy was cleansed.
Matt. viii. 3.
3. As soon as. Cf. Directly, 8,
Note.
Syn. -- Directly; instantly; quickly; forthwith;
straightway; presently. See Directly.
Im*me"di*ate*ness, n. The quality
or relations of being immediate in manner, place, or time; exemption
from second or interventing causes. Bp. Hall.
Im*me"di*a*tism (?), n.
Immediateness.
Im*med"i*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
Immedicabilis. See In- not, and Medicable.]
Not to be healed; incurable. "Wounds immedicable."
Milton.
Im`me*lo"di*ous (?), a. Not
melodious.
Im*mem"o*ra*ble (?), a. [L.
immemorabilis; pref. im- not + memorabilis
memorable: cf. F. immémorable. See Memorable.]
Not memorable; not worth remembering. Johnson.
Im`me*mo"ri*al (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + memorial: cf. F. immémorial.]
Extending beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition;
indefinitely ancient; as, existing from time immemorial.
"Immemorial elms." Tennyson. "Immemorial usage
or custom." Sir M. Hale.
Time immemorial (Eng. Law.), a time
antedating (legal) history, and beyond "legal memory" so called;
formerly an indefinite time, but in 1276 this time was fixed by
statute as the begining of the reign of Richard I. (1189). Proof of
unbroken possession or use of any right since that date made it
unnecessary to establish the original grant. In 1832 the plan of
dating legal memory from a fixed time was abandoned and the principle
substituted that rights which had been enjoyed for full twenty years
(or as against the crown thirty years) should not be liable to
impeachment merely by proving that they had not been enjoyed
before.
Im`me*mo"ri*al*ly, adv. Beyond
memory. Bentley.
Im*mense" (?), a. [L. immensus;
pref. im- not + mensus, p. p. of metiri to
measure: cf. F. immense. See Measure.]
Immeasurable; unlimited. In commonest use: Very great; vast;
huge. "Immense the power" Pope. "Immense
and boundless ocean." Daniel.
O Goodness infinite! Goodness
immense!
Milton.
Syn. -- Infinite; immeasurable; illimitable; unbounded;
unlimited; interminable; vast; prodigious; enormous; monstrous. See
Enormous.
Im*mense"ly, adv. In immense
manner or degree.
Im*mense"ness, n. The state of
being immense.
Im*men"si*ble (?), a. [Immense +
-ible.] Immeasurable. [Obs.] Davies.
Im*men"si*ty (?), n.; pl.
Immensities (#). [L. immensitas: cf. F.
immensité.] The state or quality of being immense;
inlimited or immeasurable extension; infinity; vastness in extent or
bulk; greatness.
Lost in the wilds of vast
immensity.
Blackmore.
The immensity of the material
system.
I. Taylor.
Im*men"sive (?), a. Huge.
[Obs.] Herrick.
Im*men`su*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being immensurable.
Im*men"su*ra*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + L. mensurabilis measurable: cf. F.
immensurable. Cf. Immeasurable.]
Immeasurable.
What an immensurable space is the
firmament.
Derham.
Im*men"su*rate (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + mensurate.] Unmeasured; unlimited. [R.]
W. Montagu.
Im*merge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Immerged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Immerging (?).] [L. immergere; pref. im- in +
mergere to dip, plunge: cf. F. immerger. See
Merge, and cf. Immerse.] To plungel into, under,
or within anything especially a fuid; to dip; to immerse. See
Immerse.
We took . . . lukewarm water, and in it
immerged a quantity of the leaves of senna.
Boyle.
Their souls are immerged in
matter.
Jer. Taylor.
Im*merge" (?), v. i. To dissapear
by entering into any medium, as a star into the light of the
sun. [R.]
Im*mer"it (?), n. Want of worth;
demerit. [R.] Suckling.
Im*mer"it*ed, a. Unmerited.
[Obs.] Charles I.
Im*mer"it*ous (?), a. [L.
immeritus; pref. im- not + meritus, p. p. of
merere, mereri, to deserve.] Undeserving.
[Obs.] Milton.
Im*mers"a*ble (?), a. See
Immersible.
Im*merse" (?), a. [L. immersus,
p. p. of immergere. See Immerge.] Immersed;
buried; hid; sunk. [Obs.] "Things immerse in matter."
Bacon.
Im*merse", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Immersed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Immersing.] 1. To plunge into anything
that surrounds or covers, especially into a fluid; to dip; to sink;
to bury; to immerge.
Deep immersed beneath its whirling
wave.
J Warton.
More than a mile immersed within the
wood.
Dryden.
2. To baptize by immersion.
3. To engage deeply; to engross the attention
of; to involve; to overhelm.
The queen immersed in such a
trance.
Tennyson.
It is impossible to have a lively hope in another
life, and yet be deeply immersed inn the enjoyments of
this.
Atterbury.
Im*mersed" (?), p. p. & a.
1. Deeply plunged into anything, especially a
fluid.
2. Deeply occupied; engrossed;
entangled.
3. (Bot.) Growing wholly under
water. Gray.
Im*mers"i*ble (?), a. [From
Immerse.] Capable of being immersed.
Im*mers"i*ble, a. [Pref. im- not
+ L. mersus, p. p. of mergere to plunge.] Not
capable of being immersed.
Im*mer"sion (?), n. [L.
immersio; cf. F. immersion.] 1.
The act of immersing, or the state of being immersed; a sinking
within a fluid; a dipping; as, the immersion of Achilles in
the Styx.
2. Submersion in water for the purpose of
Christian baptism, as, practiced by the Baptists.
3. The state of being overhelmed or deeply
absorbed; deep engagedness.
Too deep an immersion in the affairs of
life.
Atterbury.
4. (Astron.) The dissapearance of a
celestail body, by passing either behind another, as in the
occultation of a star, or into its shadow, as in the eclipse of a
satellite; -- opposed to emersion.
Immersion lens, a microscopic objective of
short focal distance designed to work with a drop of liquid, as oil,
between the front lens and the slide, so that this lens is
practically immersed.
Im*mer"sion*ist, n. (Eccl.)
One who holds the doctrine that immersion is essential to
Christian baptism.
Im*mesh" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Immeshed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Immeshing.] [Pref. im- in + mesh. Cf.
Inmesh.] To catch or entangle in, or as in, the meshes of
a net. or in a web; to insnare.
Im`me*thod"ic*al (?), a. Not
methodical; without method or systematic arrangement; without order
or regularity; confused. Addison.
Syn. -- Irregular; confused; disoderly; unsystematic;
desultory.
Im`me*thod"ic*al*ly, adv. Without
method; confusedly; unsystematically.
Im`me*thod"ic*al*ness, n. Want of
method.
Im*meth"od*ize (?), v. t. To
render immethodical; to destroy the method of; to confuse.
[R.]
Im*met"ric*al (&?;), a. Not
metrical or rhythmical. [R.] Chapman.
Im*mew" (?), v. t. See
Emmew.
Im"mi*grant (?), n. [L.
immigrans, p. pr. of immigrare to go into: cf. F.
immigrant. See Immigrate.] One who immigrates; one
who comes to a country for the purpose of permanent residence; --
correlative of emigrant.
Syn. -- See Emigrant.
Im"mi*grate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Immigrated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Immigrating (?).] [L. immigrare,
immigratum, to immigrate; pref. im- in + migrare
to migrate. See Migrate.] To come into a country of which
one is not a native, for the purpose of permanent residence. See
Emigrate.
Im"mi*gra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
immigration.] The act of immigrating; the passing or
coming into a country for the purpose of permanent
residence.
The immigrations of the Arabians into
Europe.
T. Warton.
Im"mi*nence (?), n. [Cf. F.
imminence, L. imminentia, See Imminent.]
1. The condition or quality of being imminent; a
threatening, as of something about to happen. The imminence of any
danger or distress. Fuller.
2. That which is imminent; impending evil or
danger. "But dare all imminence." Shak.
Im"mi*nent (?), a. [L. imminens,
p. pr. of imminere to project; pref. im- in +
minere (in comp.) to jut, project. See Eminent.]
1. Threatening to occur immediately; near at
hand; impending; -- said especially of misfortune or peril. "In
danger imminent." Spenser.
2. Full of danger; threatening; menacing;
perilous.
Hairbreadth scapes i' the imminent deadly
breach.
Shak.
3. (With upon) Bent upon; attentive
to. [R.]
Their eyes ever imminent upon worldly
matters.
Milton.
Syn. -- Impending; threatening; near; at hand. --
Imminent, Impending, Threatening.
Imminent is the strongest: it denotes that something is ready
to fall or happen on the instant; as, in imminent danger of
one's life. Impending denotes that something hangs suspended
over us, and may so remain indefinitely; as, the impending
evils of war. Threatening supposes some danger in prospect,
but more remote; as, threatening indications for the
future.
Three times to-day
You have defended me from imminent death.
Shak.
No story I unfold of public woes,
Nor bear advices of impending foes.
Pope.
Fierce faces threatening war.
Milton.
Im"mi*nent*ly, adv. In an imminent
manner.
Im*min"gle (?), v. t. To mingle;
to mix; to unite; to blend. [R.] Thomson.
Im`mi*nu"tion (?), n. [L.
imminutio, fr. imminuere, imminutum, to lessen;
pref. im- in + minuere.] A lessening; diminution;
decrease. [R.] Ray.
Im*mis"ci*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
immiscibilité.] Incapability of being mixed, or
mingled.
Im*mis"ci*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + miscible: cf. F. immiscible.] Not capable of
being mixed or mingled.
A chaos of immiscible and conflicting
particles.
Cudworth.
Im*mis"sion (?), n. [L.
immissio: cf. F. immission. See Immit.] The
act of immitting, or of sending or thrusting in; injection; -- the
correlative of emission.
Im*mit" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Immitted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Immiting.] [L. immittere, immissum; pref. im-
in + mittere to send.] To send in; to inject; to
infuse; -- the correlative of emit. [R.]
Boyle.
Im*mit"i*ga*ble (?), a. [L.
immitigabilis; fr. pref. im- not + mitigare to
mitigate.] Not capable of being mitigated, softened, or
appeased. Coleridge.
Im*mit"i*ga*bly (?), adv. In an
immitigable manner.
Im*mix" (?), v. t. [Pref. in- in
+ mix.] To mix; to mingle. [R.]
Amongst her tears immixing prayers
meek.
Spenser.
Im*mix"a*ble (?), a. Not
mixable. Bp. Wilkins.
Im*mixed" (?), a. [Pref. in- not
+ mixed, p. p. of mix.] Unmixed. [Obs.]
How pure and immixed the design
is.
Boyle.
Im*mix"ture (?), n. Freedom from
mixture; purity. [R.] W. Montagu.
Im*mo"bile (?), a. [L.
immobilis: cf. F. immobile. See Immobility.]
Incapable of being moved; immovable; fixed; stable.
Prof. Shedd.
Im`mo*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
immobilitas, fr. immobilis immovable; pref. im-
not + mobilis movable: cf. F. immobilité. See
Mobile.] The condition or quality of being immobile;
fixedness in place or state.
Im*mob"i*lize (?), v. t. [Pref. im-
in + mobilize; cf. f. immobiliser.] To make
immovable; in surgery, to make immovable (a naturally mobile part, as
a joint) by the use of splints, or stiffened bandages.
Im*mo"ble (?), a. [Obs.] See
Immobile.
Im*mod"er*a*cy (?), n. [From
Immoderate.] Immoderateness. [R.] Sir T.
Browne.
Im*mod"er*an*cy (?), n. [L.
immoderantia.] Immoderateness; excess. [R.] Sir
T. Browne.
Im*mod"er*ate (?), a. [L.
immoderatus; pref. im- not + moderatus moderate.
See Moderate.] Not moderate; exceeding just or usual and
suitable bounds; excessive; extravagant; unreasonable; as,
immoderate demands; immoderate grief; immoderate
laughter.
So every scope by the immoderate use
Turns to restraint.
Shak.
Syn. -- Excessive; exorbitant; unreasonable; extravagant;
intemperate; inordinate.
Im*mod"er*ate*ly, adv. In an
immoderate manner; excessively.
Im*mod"er*ate*ness, n. The quality
of being immoderate; excess; extravagance. Puller.
Im*mod`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
immoderatio: cf. F. imodération.] Want of
moderation. Hallywell.
Im*mod"est (?), a. [F.
immodeste, L. immodestus immoderate; pref. im-
not + modestus modest. See Modest.] 1.
Not limited to due bounds; immoderate.
2. Not modest; wanting in the reserve or
restraint which decorum and decency require; indecent; indelicate;
obscene; lewd; as, immodest persons, behavior, words,
pictures, etc.
Immodest deeds you hinder to be wrought,
But we proscribe the least immodest thought.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Indecorous; indelicate; shameless; shameful;
impudent; indecent; impure; unchaste; lewd; obscene.
Im*mod"est*ly, adv. In an immodest
manner.
Im*mod"es*ty (?), n. [L.
immodestia: cf. F. immodestie.] Want of modesty,
delicacy, or decent reserve; indecency. "A piece of
immodesty." Pope.
Im"mo*late (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Immolated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Immolating.] [L. immolatus, p. p. of
immolare to sacrifice, orig., to sprinkle a victim with
sacrifical meal; pref. im- in + mola grits or grains of
spelt coarsely ground and mixed with salt; also, mill. See
Molar, Meal ground grain.] To sacrifice; to offer
in sacrifice; to kill, as a sacrificial victim.
Worshipers, who not only immolate to them [the
deities] the lives of men, but . . . the virtue and honor of
women.
Boyle.
Im`mo*la"tion (?), n. [L.
immolatio: cf. F. immolation.] 1.
The act of immolating, or the state of being immolated, or
sacrificed. Sir. T. Browne.
2. That which is immolated; a
sacrifice.
Im"mo*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who
offers in sacrifice; specifically, one of a sect of Russian fanatics
who practice self-mutilation and sacrifice.
{ Im*mold", Im*mould" } (?), v.
t. To mold into shape, or form. [Obs.] G.
Fletcher.
Im*mo"ment (?), a. [See
Immomentous.] Trifling. [R.] "Immoment
toys." Shak.
Im`mo*men"tous (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + momentous.] Not momentous; unimportant;
insignificant. [R.] A. Seward.
Im*mor"al (?), a. [Pref. im- not
+ moral: cf. F. immoral.] Not moral; inconsistent
with rectitude, purity, or good morals; contrary to conscience or the
divine law; wicked; unjust; dishonest; vicious; licentious; as, an
immoral man; an immoral deed.
Syn. -- Wicked; sinful; criminal; vicious; unjust;
dishonest; depraved; impure; unchaste; profligate; dissolute;
abandoned; licentious; lewd; obscene.
Im`mo*ral"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Immoralities (#). [Cf. F.
immoralité.] 1. The state or
quality of being immoral; vice.
The root of all immorality.
Sir
W. Temple.
2. An immoral act or practice.
Luxury and sloth and then a great drove of heresies
and immoralities broke loose among them.
Milton.
Im*mor"al*ly (?), adv. In an
immoral manner; wickedly.
Im`mo*rig"er*ous (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + morigerous.] Rude; uncivil; disobedient.
[Obs.] -- Im`mo*rig"er*ous*ness, n. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Im*mor"tal (?), a. [L.
immortalis; pref. im- not + mortalis mortal: cf.
F. immortel. See Mortal, and cf. Immortelle.]
1. Not mortal; exempt from liability to die;
undying; imperishable; lasting forever; having unlimited, or eternal,
existance.
Unto the King eternal, immortal,
invisible.
1 Tim. i. 17.
For my soul, what can it do to that,
Being a thing immortal as itself?
Shak.
2. Connected with, or pertaining to
immortality.
I have immortal longings in me.
Shak.
3. Destined to live in all ages of this
world; abiding; exempt from oblivion; imperishable; as,
immortal fame.
One of the few, immortal names,
That were not born to die.
Halleck.
4. Great; excessive; grievous. [Obs.]
Hayward.
Immortal flowers, immortelles;
everlastings.
Syn. -- Eternal; everlasting; never-ending; ceaseless;
perpetual; continual; enduring; endless; imperishable; incorruptible;
deathless; undying.
Im*mor"tal (?), n. One who will
never cease to be; one exempt from death, decay, or
annihilation. Bunyan.
Im*mor"tal*ist, n. One who holds
the doctrine of the immortality of the soul. [R.] Jer.
Taylor.
Im`mor*tal"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Immortalities (#). [L. immortalitas: cf. F.
immortalité.] 1. The quality or
state of being immortal; exemption from death and annihilation;
unending existance; as, the immortality of the soul.
This mortal must put on
immortality.
1 Cor. xv. 53.
2. Exemption from oblivion; perpetuity; as,
the immortality of fame.
Im*mor`tal*i*za"tion (?), n. The
act of immortalizing, or state of being immortalized.
Im*mor"tal*ize (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Immortalized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Immortalizing (?).] [Cf. F. immortaliser.]
1. To render immortal; to cause to live or exist
forever. S. Clarke.
2. To exempt from oblivion; to perpetuate in
fame.
Alexander had no Homer to immortalize his
guilty name.
T. Dawes.
Im*mor"tal*ize, v. i. To become
immortal. [R.]
Im*mor"tal*ly, adv. In an immortal
manner.
Im`mor*telle" (?), n.; pl.
Immortelles (#). [F. See Immortal.]
(Bot.) A plant with a conspicuous, dry, unwithering
involucre, as the species of Antennaria, Helichrysum,
Gomphrena, etc. See Everlasting.
Im*mor`ti*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
Failure to mortify the passions. [R.] Jer.
Taylor.
Im*mov"a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being immovable; fixedness; steadfastness; as,
immovability of a heavy body; immovability of
purpose.
Im*mov"a*ble (?), a. 1.
Incapable of being moved; firmly fixed; fast; -- used of
material things; as, an immovable foundation.
Immovable, infixed, and frozen
round.
Milton.
2. Steadfast; fixed; unalterable;
unchangeable; -- used of the mind or will; as, an immovable
purpose, or a man who remains immovable.
3. Not capable of being affected or moved in
feeling or by sympathy; unimpressible; impassive.
Dryden.
4. (Law.) Not liable to be removed;
permanent in place or tenure; fixed; as, an immovable estate.
See Immovable, n.
Blackstone.
Immovable apparatus (Med.), an
appliance, like the plaster of paris bandage, which keeps fractured
parts firmly in place. -- Immovable feasts
(Eccl.), feasts which occur on a certain day of the year
and do not depend on the date of Easter; as, Christmas, the Epiphany,
etc.
Im*mov"a*ble, n. 1.
That which can not be moved.
2. pl. (Civil Law) Lands and
things adherent thereto by nature, as trees; by the hand of man, as
buildings and their accessories; by their destination, as seeds,
plants, manure, etc.; or by the objects to which they are applied, as
servitudes. Ayliffe. Bouvier.
Im*mov"a*ble*ness, n. Quality of
being immovable.
Im*mov"a*bly, adv. In an immovable
manner.
Im*mund" (?), a. [L. immundus;
pref. im- not + mundus clean.] Unclean. [R.]
Burton.
Im`mun*dic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
immondicité, L. immunditia, immundities.]
Uncleanness; filthiness. [R.] W. Montagu.
Im*mune" (?), a. [L. immunis.
See Immunity.] Exempt; protected by inoculation. --
Im*mu"nize (#), v. t.
Im*mu"ni*ty (?), n.; pl.
Immunities (#). [L. immunitas, fr.
immunis free from a public service; pref. im- not +
munis complaisant, obliging, cf. munus service, duty:
cf. F. immunité. See Common, and cf.
Mean, a.] 1. Freedom or
exemption from any charge, duty, obligation, office, tax, imposition,
penalty, or service; a particular privilege; as, the
immunities of the free cities of Germany; the
immunities of the clergy.
2. Freedom; exemption; as, immunity
from error.
Im*mure" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Immured (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Immuring.] [Pref. im- in + mure: cf. F.
emmurer.] 1. To wall around; to surround
with walls. [Obs.] Sandys.
2. To inclose whithin walls, or as within
walls; hence, to shut up; to imprison; to incarcerate.
Those tender babes
Whom envy hath immured within your walls.
Shak.
This huge convex of fire,
Outrageous to devour, immures us round.
Milton.
Im*mure", n. A wall; an
inclosure. [Obs.] Shak.
Im*mure"ment (?), n. The act of
immuring, or the state of being immured; imprisonment.
Im*mu"sic*al (?), a. Inharmonious;
unmusical; discordant. Bacon.
Im*mu`ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
immutabilitas: cf. F. immutabilité.] The
state or quality of being immutable; immutableness. Heb.
vi. 17.
Im*mu"ta*ble (?), a. [L.
immutabilis; pref. im- not + mutabilis mutable.
See Mutable.] Not mutable; not capable or susceptible of
change; unchangeable; unalterable.
That by two immutable things, in which it was
impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong
consolation.
Heb. vi. 18.
Immutable, immortal, infinite,
Eternal King.
Milton.
-- Im*mu"ta*ble*ness, n. --
Im*mu"ta*bly, adv.
Im*mu"tate (&ibreve;m*mū"t&asl;t),
a. [L. immutatus, p. p. of immature.]
Unchanged. [Obs.]
Im"mu*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
immutatio, from immutare, immutatum, to change.
See Immute.] Change; alteration; mutation. [R.]
Dr. H. More.
Im*mute" (&ibreve;m*mūt"), v. t.
[L. immutare, immutatum; perf. im- in +
mutare to change : cf. OF. immuter.] To change or
alter. [Obs.] J. Salkeld.
Imp (&ibreve;mp), n. [OE. imp a
graft, AS. impa; akin to Dan. ympe, Sw. ymp,
prob. fr. LL. impotus, Gr. &?; engrafted, innate, fr. &?; to
implant; &?; in + &?; to produce; akin to E. be. See 1st
In-, Be.] 1. A shoot; a scion; a
bud; a slip; a graft. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. An offspring; progeny; child; scion.
[Obs.]
The tender imp was weaned.
Fairfax.
3. A young or inferior devil; a little,
malignant spirit; a puny demon; a contemptible evil worker.
To mingle in the clamorous fray
Of squabbling imps.
Beattie.
4. Something added to, or united with,
another, to lengthen it out or repair it, -- as, an addition to a
beehive; a feather inserted in a broken wing of a bird; a length of
twisted hair in a fishing line. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Imp, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imping.] [AS. impian to imp, ingraft, plant; akin to
Dan. ympe, Sw. ympa, OHG. impfōn,
impitōn, G. impfen. See Imp,
n.] 1. To graft; to insert as
a scion. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
2. (Falconry) To graft with new
feathers, as a wing; to splice a broken feather. Hence, Fig.: To
repair; to extend; to increase; to strengthen; to equip.
[Archaic]
Imp out our drooping country's broken
wing.
Shak.
Who lazily imp their wings with other men's
plumes.
Fuller.
Here no frail Muse shall imp her crippled
wing.
Holmes.
Help, ye tart satirists, to imp my rage
With all the scorpions that should whip this age.
Cleveland.
Im*pa"ca*ble (?), a. [L. pref. im-
not + pacare to quiet. See Pacate.] Not to be
appeased or quieted. [Obs.] Spenser. --
Im*pa"ca*bly, adv.
Im*pack"ment (?), n. [Pref. im-
in + pack.] The state of being closely surrounded,
crowded, or pressed, as by ice. [R.] Kane.
Im*pact" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impacted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Impacting.] [L. impactus, p. p. of impingere to
push, strike against. See Impinge.] To drive close; to
press firmly together: to wedge into a place.
Woodward.
Im"pact (?), n. 1.
Contact or impression by touch; collision; forcible contact;
force communicated.
The quarrel, by that impact
driven.
Southey.
2. (Mech.) The single instantaneous
stroke of a body in motion against another either in motion or at
rest.
Im*pact"ed (?), a. Driven together
or close.
Impacted fracture (Surg.), a fracture
in which the fragments are driven into each other so as to be
immovable.
Im*pac"tion (?), n. [L. impactio
a striking : cf. F. impaction.] 1.
(Surg.) The driving of one fragment of bone into another
so that the fragments are not movable upon each other; as,
impaction of the skull or of the hip.
2. An immovable packing; (Med.), a
lodgment of something in a strait or passage of the body; as,
impaction of the fetal head in the strait of the pelvis;
impaction of food or feces in the intestines of man or
beast.
Im*paint" (?), v. t. To paint; to
adorn with colors. [R.] "To impaint his cause."
Shak.
Im*pair" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impaired (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impairing.] [Written also empair.] [OE.
empeiren, enpeiren, OF. empeirier,
empirier, F. empirer, LL. impejorare; L. pref.
im- in + pejorare to make worse, fr. pejor
worse. Cf. Appair.] To make worse; to diminish in
quantity, value, excellence, or strength; to deteriorate; as, to
impair health, character, the mind, value.
Time sensibly all things impairs.
Roscommon.
In years he seemed, but not impaired by
years.
Pope.
Syn. -- To diminish; decrease; injure; weaken; enfeeble;
debilitate; reduce; debase; deteriorate.
Im*pair", v. t. To grow worse; to
deteriorate. Milton.
Im"pair (?), a. [F. impair
uneven, L. impar; im- not + par equal.] Not
fit or appropriate. [Obs.]
Im*pair" (?), n. Diminution;
injury. [Obs.]
Im*pair"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, impairs.
Im*pair"ment (?), n. [OE.
enpeirement, OF. empirement.] The state of being
impaired; injury. "The impairment of my health."
Dryden.
Im*pal"a*ta*ble (?), a.
Unpalatable. [R.]
Im*pale" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impaling.] [See 2d Empale.] 1. To
pierce with a pale; to put to death by fixing on a sharp stake. See
Empale.
Then with what life remains, impaled, and
left
To writhe at leisure round the bloody stake.
Addison.
2. To inclose, as with pales or stakes; to
surround.
Impale him with your weapons round
about.
Shak.
Impenetrable, impaled with circling
fire.
Milton.
3. (Her.) To join, as two coats of
arms on one shield, palewise; hence, to join in honorable
mention.
Ordered the admission of St. Patrick to the same to be
matched and impaled with the blessed Virgin in the honor
thereof.
Fuller.
Im*pale"ment (?), n. 1.
The act of impaling, or the state of being impaled.
Byron.
2. An inclosing by stakes or pales, or the
space so inclosed. H. Brooke.
3. That which hedges in; inclosure.
[R.] Milton.
4. (Her.) The division of a shield
palewise, or by a vertical line, esp. for the purpose of putting side
by side the arms of husband and wife. See Impale, 3.
Im*pal"la (?), n. (Zoöl.)
The pallah deer of South Africa.
Im*pal"lid (?), v. t. To make
pallid; to blanch. [Obs.] Feltham.
Im*palm" (?), v. t. To grasp with
or hold in the hand. [R.] J. Barlow.
Im*pal`pa*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
impalpabilité.] The quality of being
impalpable. Jortin.
Im*pal"pa*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + palpable: cf. F. impalpable.] 1.
Not palpable; that cannot be felt; extremely fine, so that no
grit can be perceived by touch. "Impalpable powder."
Boyle.
2. Not material; intangible;
incorporeal. "Impalpable, void, and bodiless."
Holland.
3. Not apprehensible, or readily
apprehensible, by the mind; unreal; as, impalpable
distinctions.
Im*pal"pa*bly, adv. In an
impalpable manner.
Im*pal"sy (?), v. t. To palsy; to
paralyze; to deaden. [R.]
Im*pa"nate (?), a. [LL.
impanatus, p. p. of impanare to impanate; L. pref.
im- in + panis bread.] Embodied in bread, esp. in
the bread of the eucharist. [Obs.] Cranmer.
Im*pa"nate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Impanated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impanating.] To embody in bread, esp. in the
bread of the eucharist. [Obs.]
Im"pa*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
impanation. See Impanate, a.]
(Eccl.) Embodiment in bread; the supposed real presence
and union of Christ's material body and blood with the substance of
the elements of the eucharist without a change in their nature; --
distinguished from transubstantiation, which supposes a
miraculous change of the substance of the elements. It is akin to
consubstantiation.
Im*pa"na*tor (?), n. [LL.]
(Eccl.) One who holds the doctrine of
impanation.
Im*pan"el (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impaneled (?) or Impanelled; p. pr. & vb.
n. Impaneling or Impanelling.] [Pref. im- in +
panel. Cf. Empanel.] [Written also empanel.]
To enter in a list, or on a piece of parchment, called a
panel; to form or enroll, as a list of jurors in a court of
justice. Blackstone.
Im*pan"el*ment (?), n. The act or
process of impaneling, or the state of being impaneled.
Im*par"a*dise (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Imparadised (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Imparadising (?).] [Pref. im- +
paradise: cf. F. emparadiser.] To put in a state
like paradise; to make supremely happy. "Imparadised in
one another's arms." Milton.
Im*par"al*leled (?), a.
Unparalleled. [Obs.]
Im*par"don*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
impardonnable.] Unpardonable. [Obs.]
South.
Im*par`i*dig"i*tate (?), a. [L.
impar unequal + digitus finger.] (Anat.)
Having an odd number of fingers or toes, either one, three, or
five, as in the horse, tapir, rhinoceros, etc.
Im*par"i*pin"nate (?), a. [L.
impar unequal + E. pinnate.] (Bot.) Pinnate
with a single terminal leaflet.
Im*par"i*syl*lab"ic (?), a. [L.
impar unequal + E. syllabic: cf. F.
imparisyllabique.] (Gram.) Not consisting of an
equal number of syllables; as, an imparisyllabic noun, one
which has not the same number of syllables in all the cases; as,
lapis, lapidis; mens, mentis.
Im*par"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. im- +
parity: cf. F. imparité.] 1.
Inequality; disparity; disproportion; difference of degree,
rank, excellence, number, etc. Milton.
2. Lack of comparison, correspondence, or
suitableness; incongruity.
In this region of merely intellectual notion we are at
once encountered by the imparity of the object and the faculty
employed upon it.
I. Taylor.
3. Indivisibility into equal parts;
oddness. [R.]
Im*park" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imparked (?), p. pr. & vb. n.
Imparking.] [Cf. Empark.] To inclose for a park;
to sever from a common; hence, to inclose or shut up.
They . . . impark them [the sheep] within
hurdles.
Holland.
Im*parl" (?), v. i. [OF.
emparler; pref. em- (L. in) + parler to
speak. See In, prep., and Parley.] 1.
To hold discourse; to parley. [Obs.] Sir. T.
North.
2. (Law) To have time before pleading;
to have delay for mutual adjustment. Blackstone.
Im*par"lance (?), n. [Cf.
Emparlance, Parlance.] [Written also
inparliance.] 1. Mutual discourse;
conference. [Obs.]
2. (Law) (a) Time
given to a party to talk or converse with his opponent, originally
with the object of effecting, if possible, an amicable adjustment of
the suit. The actual object, however, has long been merely to obtain
further time to plead, or answer to the allegations of the opposite
party. (b) Hence, the delay or continuance
of a suit.
&fist; Imparlance and continuance by imparlance have
been abolished in England. Wharton (Law Dict. ).
Im*par`son*ee" (?), a. [OF.
empersone. See 1st In-, and Parson.] (Eng.
Eccl. Law) Presented, instituted, and inducted into a
rectory, and in full possession. -- n. A
clergyman so inducted.
Im*part" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imparted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Imparting.] [OF. impartir, empartir, L.
impartire, impertire; pref. im- in +
partire to part, divide, fr. pars, partis, part,
share. See Part, n. ] 1.
To bestow a share or portion of; to give, grant, or communicate;
to allow another to partake in; as, to impart food to the
poor; the sun imparts warmth.
Well may he then to you his cares
impart.
Dryden.
2. To obtain a share of; to partake of.
[R.] Munday.
3. To communicate the knowledge of; to make
known; to show by words or tokens; to tell; to disclose.
Gentle lady,
When I did first impart my love to you.
Shak.
Syn. -- To share; yield; confer; convey; grant; give;
reveal; disclose; discover; divulge. See Communicate.
Im*part" (?), v. i. 1.
To give a part or share.
He that hath two coats, let him impart to him
that hath none.
Luke iii. 11.
2. To hold a conference or
consultation. Blackstone.
Im*part"ance (?), n.
Impartation.
Im`par*ta"tion (?), n. The act of
imparting, or the thing imparted.
The necessity of this impartation.
I. Taylor.
Im*part"er (?), n. One who
imparts.
Im*par"tial (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + partial: cf. F. impartial.] Not partial; not
favoring one more than another; treating all alike; unprejudiced;
unbiased; disinterested; equitable; fair; just.
Shak.
Jove is impartial, and to both the
same.
Dryden.
A comprehensive and impartial
view.
Macaulay.
Im*par"tial*ist, n. One who is
impartial. [R.] Boyle.
Im*par`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
impartialité.] The quality of being impartial;
freedom from bias or favoritism; disinterestedness; equitableness;
fairness; as, impartiality of judgment, of treatment,
etc.
Impartiality strips the mind of prejudice and
passion.
South.
Im*par"tial*ly (?), a. In an
impartial manner.
Im*par"tial*ness, n.
Impartiality. Sir W. Temple.
Im*part`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being impartible; communicability.
Blackstone.
Im*part`i*bil"i*ty, n. [Cf. F.
impartibilité.] The quality of being incapable of
division into parts; indivisibility. Holland.
Im*part"i*ble (?), a. [From
Impart.] Capable of being imparted or
communicated.
Im*part"i*ble, a. [Pref. im- not
+ partible: cf. F. impartible.] Not partible; not
subject to partition; indivisible; as, an impartible
estate. Blackstone.
Im*part"ment (?), n. The act of
imparting, or that which is imparted, communicated, or
disclosed. [R.]
It beckons you to go away with it,
As if it some impartment did desire
To you alone.
Shak.
Im*pass"a*ble (?), a. [Cf.
Unpassable.] Incapable of being passed; not admitting a
passage; as, an impassable road, mountain, or gulf.
Milton. -- Im*pass"a*ble*ness, n. -
- Im*pass"a*bly, adv.
Im*pas`si*bil"i*ty (?), a. [L.
impassibilitas: cf. F. impassibilité.] The
quality or condition of being impassible; insusceptibility of injury
from external things.
Im*pas"si*ble (?), a. [L.
impassibilis; pref. im- not + passibilis
passable: cf. F. impassible. See Passible.]
Incapable of suffering; inaccessible to harm or pain; not to be
touched or moved to passion or sympathy; unfeeling, or not showing
feeling; without sensation. "Impassible to the critic."
Sir W. Scott.
Secure of death, I should contemn thy dart
Though naked, and impassible depart.
Dryden.
Im*pas"si*ble*ness, n.
Impassibility.
Im*pas"sion (?), v. t. [Pref. im-
in + passion. Cf. Empassion, Impassionate,
v.] To move or affect strongly with
passion. [Archaic] Chapman.
Im*pas"sion*a*ble (?), a.
Excitable; susceptible of strong emotion.
Im*pas"sion*ate (?), a. Strongly
affected. Smart.
Im*pas"sion*ate (?), v. t. To
affect powerfully; to arouse the passions of. Dr. H.
More.
Im*pas"sion*ate (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + passionate.] Without passion or feeling.
Burton.
Im*pas"sioned (?), p. p. & a.
Actuated or characterized by passion or zeal; showing warmth of
feeling; ardent; animated; excited; as, an impassioned orator
or discourse.
Im*pas"sive (?), a. Not
susceptible of pain or suffering; apathetic; impassible;
unmoved.
Impassive as the marble in the
quarry.
De Quincey.
On the impassive ice the lightings
play.
Pope.
-- Im*pas"sive*ly, adv. --
Im*pas"sive*ness, n.
Im`pas*siv"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being insusceptible of feeling, pain, or suffering;
impassiveness.
Im`pas*ta"tion (?), n. [F. See
Impaste.] The act of making into paste; that which is
formed into a paste or mixture; specifically, a combination of
different substances by means of cements.
Im*paste" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impasted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Impasting.] [Pref. im- in + paste: cf. It.
impastare, OF. empaster, F. empâter. See
1st In- and Paste.] 1. To knead;
to make into paste; to concrete. "Blood . . . baked and
impasted." Shak.
2. (Paint.) To lay color on canvas by
uniting them skillfully together. [R.] Cf. Impasto.
Im*past"ing, (Paint.) The laying on of colors
to produce impasto.
Im*pas"to (?), n. [It. See
Impaste.] (Paint.) The thickness of the layer or
body of pigment applied by the painter to his canvas with especial
reference to the juxtaposition of different colors and tints in
forming a harmonious whole. Fairholt.
Im*pas"ture (?), v. t. To place in
a pasture; to foster. [R.] T. Adams.
Im*pat"i*ble (?), a. [L.
impatibilis; pref. im- not + patibilis
supportable. See Patible.] 1. Not capable
of being borne; impassible.
A spirit, and so impatible of material
fire.
Fuller.
Im*pa"tience (?) n. [OE.
impacience, F. impatience, fr. L. impatientia.]
The quality of being impatient; want of endurance of pain,
suffering, opposition, or delay; eagerness for change, or for
something expected; restlessness; chafing of spirit; fretfulness;
passion; as, the impatience of a child or an
invalid.
I then, . . .
Out of my grief and my impatience,
Answered neglectingly.
Shak.
With huge impatience he inly swelt
More for great sorrow that he could not pass,
Than for the burning torment which he felt.
Spenser.
Im*pa"tien*cy (&ibreve;m*p&amc;"shen*s&ybreve;),
n. Impatience. [Obs.]
||Im*pa"ti*ens (-sh&ibreve;*&ebreve;nz),
n. [L., impatient.] (Bot.) A genus of
plants, several species of which have very beautiful flowers; -- so
called because the elastic capsules burst when touched, and scatter
the seeds with considerable force. Called also touch-me-not,
jewelweed, and snapweed. I. Balsamina
(sometimes called lady's slipper) is the common garden
balsam.
Im*pa"tient (?), a. [OE.
impacient, F. impatient, fr. L. impatiens; pref.
im- not + patiens patient. See Patient.]
1. Not patient; not bearing with composure;
intolerant; uneasy; fretful; restless, because of pain, delay, or
opposition; eager for change, or for something expected; hasty;
passionate; -- often followed by at, for, of,
and under.
A violent, sudden, and impatient
necessity.
Jer. Taylor.
Fame, impatient of extremes, decays
Not more by envy than excess of praise.
Pope.
The impatient man will not give himself time to
be informed of the matter that lies before him.
Addison.
Dryden was poor and impatient of
poverty.
Macaulay.
2. Not to be borne; unendurable. [Obs.]
Spenser.
3. Prompted by, or exhibiting, impatience;
as, impatient speeches or replies. Shak.
Syn. -- Restless; uneasy; changeable; hot; eager; fretful;
intolerant; passionate.
Im*pa"tient, n. One who is
impatient. [R.]
Im*pa"tient*ly, adv. In an
impatient manner.
Im*pat`ron*i*za"tion (?), n.
Absolute seignory or possession; the act of investing with such
possession. [R.] Cotgrave.
Im*pat"ron*ize (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Impatronized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impatronizing (?).] To make lord or master;
as, to impatronize one's self of a seigniory. [R.]
Bacon.
Im*pave" (?), v. t. To pave.
[Poetic]
Impaved with rude fidelity
Of art mosaic.
Wordsworth.
Im*pav"id (?), a. [L. impavidus.
See In- not, and Pavid.] Fearless. --
Im*pav"id*ly, adv.
Im*pawn" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impawned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impawning.] [Pref. im- + pawn: cf.
Empawn.] To put in pawn; to pledge.
Shak.
Im*peach" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impeached (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impeaching.] [OE. empeechier to prevent, hinder, bar,
F. empêcher, L. impedicare to entangle; pref.
im- in + pedica fetter, fr. pes, pedis,
foot. See Foot, and Appeach, Dispatch,
Impede.] 1. To hinder; to impede; to
prevent. [Obs.]
These ungracious practices of his sons did
impeach his journey to the Holy Land.
Sir J.
Davies.
A defluxion on my throat impeached my
utterance.
Howell.
2. To charge with a crime or misdemeanor; to
accuse; especially to charge (a public officer), before a competent
tribunal, with misbehavior in office; to cite before a tribunal for
judgment of official misconduct; to arraign; as, to impeach a
judge. See Impeachment.
3. Hence, to charge with impropriety; to
dishonor; to bring discredit on; to call in question; as, to
impeach one's motives or conduct.
And doth impeach the freedom of the
state.
Shak.
4. (Law) To challenge or discredit the
credibility of, as of a witness, or the validity of, as of commercial
paper.
&fist; When used in law with reference to a witness, the term
signifies, to discredit, to show or prove unreliable or unworthy of
belief; when used in reference to the credit of witness, the
term denotes, to impair, to lessen, to disparage, to destroy. The
credit of a witness may be impeached by showing that he has
made statements out of court contradictory to what he swears at the
trial, or by showing that his reputation for veracity is bad,
etc.
Syn. -- To accuse; arraign; censure; criminate; indict;
impair; disparage; discredit. See Accuse.
Im*peach", n. Hindrance;
impeachment. [Obs.]
Im*peach"a*ble (?), a. That may be
impeached; liable to impeachment; chargeable with a crime.
Owners of lands in fee simple are not
impeachable for waste.
Z. Swift.
Im*peach"er (?), n. One who
impeaches.
Im*peach"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
empêchement.] The act of impeaching, or the state
of being impeached; as: (a) Hindrance;
impediment; obstruction. [Obs.]
Willing to march on to Calais,
Without impeachment.
Shak.
(b) A calling to account; arraignment;
especially, of a public officer for maladministration.
The consequence of Coriolanus' impeachment had
like to have been fatal to their state.
Swift.
(c) A calling in question as to purity of
motives, rectitude of conduct, credibility, etc.; accusation;
reproach; as, an impeachment of motives.
Shak.
&fist; In England, it is the privilege or right of the House of
Commons to impeach, and the right of the House of Lords to try and
determine impeachments. In the United States, it is the right of the
House of Representatives to impeach, and of the Senate to try and
determine impeachments.
Articles of impeachment. See under
Article. -- Impeachment of waste
(Law), restraint from, or accountability for, injury;
also, a suit for damages for injury. Abbott.
Im*pearl" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impearled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impearling.] [Pref. im- in + pearl: cf. F.
emperler.] 1. To form into pearls, or
into that which resembles pearls. [Poetic]
Dewdrops which the sun
Impearls on every leaf and every flower.
Milton.
2. To decorate as with pearls or with
anything resembling pearls. [Poetic]
With morning dews impearled.
Mrs. Browning.
The dews of the morning impearl every
thorn.
R. Digby.
Im*pec`ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
impeccabilité.] The quality of being impeccable;
exemption from sin, error, or offense.
Infallibility and impeccability are two of his
attributes.
Pope.
Im*pec"ca*ble (?), a. [L.
impeccabilis; pref. im- not + peccare to err, to
sin: cf. F. impeccable.] Not liable to sin; exempt from
the possibility of doing wrong. -- n.
One who is impeccable; esp., one of a sect of Gnostic heretics
who asserted their sinlessness.
God is infallible, impeccable, and absolutely
perfect.
P. Skelton.
Im*pec"can*cy (?), n.
Sinlessness. Bp. Hall.
Im*pec"cant (?), a. Sinless;
impeccable. Byron.
Im`pe*cu`ni*os"i*ty (?), n. The
state of being impecunious. Thackeray. Sir W.
Scott.
Im"pe*cu"ni*ous (?), a. [L. im-
not + pecunia money: cf. F. impécunieux.]
Not having money; habitually without money; poor.
An impecunious creature.
B.
Jonson.
Im*pede" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impeded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Impeding.] [L. impedire, lit., to entangle the feet;
pref. im- in + pes, pedis, foot. See
Foot, and cf. Impeach.] To hinder; to stop in
progress; to obstruct; as, to impede the advance of
troops.
Whatever hinders or impedes
The action of the nobler will.
Logfellow.
Im*ped"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
being impeded or hindered. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
Im*ped"i*ment (?), n. [L.
impedimentum: cf. F. impediment.] That which
impedes or hinders progress, motion, activity, or effect.
Thus far into the bowels of the land
Have we marched on without impediment.
Shak.
Impediment in speech, a defect which
prevents distinct utterance.
Syn. -- Hindrance; obstruction; obstacle; difficulty;
incumbrance. -- Impediment, Obstacle,
Difficulty, Hindrance. An impediment literally
strikes against our feet, checking our progress, and we remove it. An
obstacle rises before us in our path, and we surmount or
remove it. A difficulty sets before us something hard to be
done, and we encounter it and overcome it. A hindrance holds
us back for a time, but we break away from it.
The eloquence of Demosthenes was to Philip of Macedon,
a difficulty to be met with his best resources, an
obstacle to his own ambition, and an impediment in his
political career.
C. J. Smith.
Im*ped"i*ment, v. t. To
impede. [R.] Bp. Reynolds.
Im*ped`i*men"tal (?), a. Of the
nature of an impediment; hindering; obstructing;
impeditive.
Things so impedimental to success.
G. H. Lewes.
Im"pe*dite (?), a. [L.
impeditus, p. p. See Impede.] Hindered;
obstructed. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
Im"pe*dite, v. t. To impede.
[Obs.] Boyle.
Im"pe*di"tion (?), n. [L.
impeditio.] A hindering; a hindrance. [Obs.]
Baxier.
Im*ped"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
impéditif.] Causing hindrance; impeding.
"Cumbersome, and impeditive of motion." Bp. Hall.
Im*pel" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impelling.] [L. impellere; pref. im- in +
pellere, pulsum, to drive. See Pulse a beat, and
cf. Impulse.] To drive or urge forward or on; to press
on; to incite to action or motion in any way.
The surge impelled me on a craggy
coast.
Pope.
Syn. -- To instigate; incite; induce; influence; force;
drive; urge; actuate; move.
Im*pel"lent (?), a. [L.
impellens, p. pr. of impellere.] Having the
quality of impelling.
Im*pel"lent, n. An impelling power
or force. Glanvill.
Im*pel"ler (?), n. One who, or
that which, impels.
Im*pen" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impenned (?) and Impent (&?;); p.
pr. & vb. n. Impenning.] To shut up or inclose,
as in a pen. Feltham.
Im*pend" (?), v. t. [L.
impend&ebreve;re; pref. im- in + pend&ebreve;re
to weigh out, pay.] To pay. [Obs.] Fabyan.
Im*pend", v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Impended; p. pr. & vb. n.
Impending.] [L. impendēre; pref. im- in +
pendēre to hang. See Pendant.] To hang over;
to be suspended above; to threaten from near at hand; to menace; to
be imminent. See Imminent.
Destruction sure o'er all your heads
impends.
Pope.
{ Im*pend"ence (?), Im*pend"en*cy (?), }
n. The state of impending; also, that which
impends. "Impendence of volcanic cloud."
Ruskin.
Im*pend"ent (?), a. [L.
impendens, p. pr. of impendēre.] Impending;
threatening.
Impendent horrors, threatening hideous
fall.
Milton.
Im*pend"ing, a. Hanging over;
overhanging; suspended so as to menace; imminet;
threatening.
An impending brow.
Hawthorne.
And nodding Ilion waits th' impending
fall.
Pope.
Syn. -- Imminent; threatening. See Imminent.
Im*pen`e*tra*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
impénétrabilité.] 1.
Quality of being impenetrable.
2. (Physics) That property in virtue
of which two portions of matter can not at the same time occupy the
same portion of space.
3. Insusceptibility of intellectual or
emotional impression; obtuseness; stupidity; coldness.
Im*pen"e*tra*ble (?), a. [L.
impenetrabilis; pref. im- not + penetrabilis
penetrable: cf. F. impénétrable.]
1. Incapable of being penetrated or pierced; not
admitting the passage of other bodies; not to be entered; impervious;
as, an impenetrable shield.
Highest woods impenetrable
To star or sunlight.
Milton.
2. (Physics) Having the property of
preventing any other substance from occupying the same space at the
same time.
3. Inaccessible, as to knowledge, reason,
sympathy, etc.; unimpressible; not to be moved by arguments or
motives; as, an impenetrable mind, or heart.
They will be credulous in all affairs of life, but
impenetrable by a sermon of the gospel.
Jer.
Taylor.
Im*pen"e*tra*ble*ness (?), n. The
quality of being impenetrable; impenetrability.
Im*pen"e*tra*bly, adv. In an
impenetrable manner or state; imperviously.
"Impenetrably armed." Milton. "Impenetrably
dull." Pope.
Im*pen"i*tence (?), n. [L.
impenitentia: cf. F. impénitence.] The
condition of being impenitent; failure or refusal to repent; hardness
of heart.
He will advance from one degree of wickedness and
impenitence to another.
Rogers.
Im*pen"i*ten*cy (?), n.
Impenitence. Milton.
Im*pen"i*tent (?), a. [L.
impaenitens; pref. im- not + paenitens penitens:
cf. F. impénitent. See Penitent.] Not
penitent; not repenting of sin; not contrite; of a hard heart.
"They . . . died impenitent." Milton. "A careless and
impenitent heart." Bp. Hall.
Im*pen"i*tent, n. One who is not
penitent. [R.]
Im*pen"i*tent*ly, adv. Without
repentance.
Im*pen"nate (?), a. (Zoöl.)
Characterized by short wings covered with feathers resembling
scales, as the penguins. -- n. One of
the Impennes.
||Im*pen"nes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L.
pref. im- not + penna feather.] (Zoöl.)
An order of birds, including only the penguins, in which the
wings are without quills, and not suited for flight.
Im*pen"nous (?) a. [L. pref. im-
not + penna wing.] (Zoöl.) Having no wings,
as some insects.
Im*peo"ple (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Impeopled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impeopling (?).] [See Empeople.] To
people; to give a population to. [Obs.]
Thou hast helped to impeople hell.
Beaumont.
Im"pe*rant (?), a. [L. imperans,
p. pr. of imperare to command.] Commanding. [R.]
Baxter.
Im"pe*rate (?), a. [L.
imperatus, p. p. of imperare to command.] Done by
express direction; not involuntary; communded. [Obs.]
Those imperate acts, wherein we see the empire
of the soul.
Sir M. Hale.
Im*per`a*ti"val (?), a. (Gram.)
Of or pertaining to the imperative mood.
Im*per"a*tive (?), a. [L.
imperativus, fr. imperare to command; pref. im-
in + parare to make ready, prepare: cf. F.
impératif. See Perade, and cf. Empire.]
1. Expressive of command; containing positive
command; authoritatively or absolutely directive; commanding;
authoritative; as, imperative orders.
The suit of kings are imperative.
Bp. Hall.
2. Not to be avoided or evaded; obligatory;
binding; compulsory; as, an imperative duty or
order.
3. (Gram.) Expressive of commund,
entreaty, advice, or exhortation; as, the imperative mood.
Im*per"a*tive, n. (Gram.)
The imperative mood; also, a verb in the imperative
mood.
Im*per"a*tive*ly, adv. In an
imperative manner.
||Im`pe*ra"tor (?), n. [L. See
Emperor.] (Rom. Antiq.) A commander; a leader; an
emperor; -- originally an appellation of honor by which Roman
soldiers saluted their general after an important victory.
Subsequently the title was conferred as a recognition of great
military achievements by the senate, whence it carried wiht it some
special privileges. After the downfall of the Republic it was assumed
by Augustus and his successors, and came to have the meaning now
attached to the word emperor.
Im*per`a*to"ri*al (?), a. [L.
imperatorius.] 1. Commanding; imperative;
authoritative.
2. Of or pertaining to the title or office of
imperator. "Imperatorial laurels." C.
Merivale.
Im*per`a*to"ri*an (?), a.
Imperial. [R.] Gauden.
Im*per"a*to*ry (?), a.
Imperative. [R.]
Im`per*ceiv"a*ble (?), a.
Imperceptible. [R.] South. --
Im`per*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n.
Sharp.
Im`per*ceived" (?), a. Not
perceived. [Obs.]
Im`per*cep`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being imperceptible.
Im`per*cep"ti*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + perceptible: cf. F. imperceptible.] Not
perceptible; not to be apprehended or cognized by the senses; not
discernible by the mind; not easily apprehended.
Almost imperceptible to the touch.
Dryden.
Its operation is slow, and in some cases almost
imperceptible.
Burke.
-- Im`per*cep"ti*ble*ness, n. --
Im`per*cep"ti*bly, adv.
Their . . . subtilty and
imperceptibleness.
Sir M. Hale.
Im`per*cep"tion (?), n. Want of
perception.
Im`per*cep"tive (?), a. Unable to
perceive.
The imperceptive part of the soul.
Dr. H. More.
Im`per*cip"i*ent (?), a. Not
perceiving, or not able to perceive. A. Baxter.
Im*per`di*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being imperdible. [Obs.]
Derham.
Im*per"di*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + L. perdere to destroy.] Not destructible.
[Obs.] -- Im*per"di*bly, adv. [Obs.]
Im*per"fect (?), a. [L.
imperfectus: pref. im- not + perfectus perfect:
cf. F imparfait, whence OE. imparfit. See
Perfect.] 1. Not perfect; not complete in
all its parts; wanting a part; deective; deficient.
Something he left imperfect in the
state.
Shak.
Why, then, your other senses grow
imperfect.
Shak.
2. Wanting in some elementary organ that is
essential to successful or normal activity.
He . . . stammered like a child, or an amazed,
imperfect person.
Jer. Taylor.
3. Not fulfilling its design; not realizing
an ideal; not conformed to a standard or rule; not satisfying the
taste or conscience; esthetically or morally defective.
Nothing imperfect or deficient left
Of all that he created.
Milton.
Then say not man's imperfect, Heaven in
fault;
Say rather, man's as perfect as he ought.
Pope.
Imperfect arch, an arch of less than a
semicircle; a skew arch. -- Imperfect cadence
(Mus.), one not ending with the tonic, but with the
dominant or some other chord; one not giving complete rest; a half
close. -- Imperfect consonances (Mus.),
chords like the third and sixth, whose ratios are less simple
than those of the fifth and forth. -- Imperfect
flower (Bot.), a flower wanting either stamens
or pistils. Gray. -- Imperfect interval
(Mus.), one a semitone less than perfect; as, an
imperfect fifth. -- Imperfect number
(Math.), a number either greater or less than the sum of
its several divisors; in the former case, it is called also a
defective number; in the latter, an abundant
number. -- Imperfect obligations
(Law), obligations as of charity or gratitude, which
cannot be enforced by law. -- Imperfect power
(Math.), a number which can not be produced by taking any
whole number or vulgar fraction, as a factor, the number of times
indicated by the power; thus, 9 is a perfect square, but an
imperfect cube. -- Imperfect tense
(Gram.), a tense expressing past time and incomplete
action.
Im*per"fect (?), n. (Gram.)
The imperfect tense; or the form of a verb denoting the
imperfect tense.
Im*per"fect, v. t. To make
imperfect. [Obs.]
Im`per*fec`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being imperfectible. [R.]
Im`per*fec"ti*ble (?), a.
Incapable of being made perfect. [R.]
Im`per*fec"tion (?), n. [L.
imperfectio: cf. F. imperfection. See Imperfect,
a.] The quality or condition of being
imperfect; want of perfection; incompleteness; deficiency; fault or
blemish.
Sent to my account
With all my imperfections on my head.
Shak.
Syn. -- Defect; deficiency; incompleteness; fault; failing;
weakness; frailty; foible; blemish; vice.
Im*per"fect*ness, n. The state of
being imperfect.
Im*per"fo*ra*ble (?), a. [See
Imperforate.] Incapable of being perforated, or bored
through.
||Im*per"fo*ra"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See
Imperforate.] (Zoöl.) A division of
Foraminifera, including those in which the shell is not
porous.
{ Im*per"fo*rate (?), Im*per"fo*ra"ted (?), }
a. [L. pref. im- not + perforatus, p.
p. of perforate to perforate. See Perforate.] Not
perforated; having no opening or aperture. Sir J.
Banks.
Im*per`fo*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
imperforation.] The state of being without
perforation.
Im*pe"ri*al (?), a. [OE.
emperial, OF. emperial, F. impérial, fr.
L. imperialis, fr. imperium command, sovereignty,
empire. See Empire.] 1. Of or pertaining
to an empire, or to an emperor; as, an imperial government;
imperial authority or edict.
The last
That wore the imperial diadem of Rome.
Shak.
2. Belonging to, or suitable to, supreme
authority, or one who wields it; royal; sovereign; supreme.
"The imperial democracy of Athens." Mitford.
Who, as Ulysses says, opinion crowns
With an imperial voice.
Shak.
To tame the proud, the fetter'd slave to free,
These are imperial arts, and worthy thee.
Dryden.
He sounds his imperial clarion along the whole
line of battle.
E. Everett.
3. Of superior or unusual size or excellence;
as, imperial paper; imperial tea, etc.
Imperial bushel, gallon,
etc. See Bushel, Gallon, etc. --
Imperial chamber, the, the sovereign court of
the old German empire. -- Imperial city,
under the first German empire, a city having no head but the
emperor. -- Imperial diet, an assembly of
all the states of the German empire. -- Imperial
drill. (Manuf.) See under 8th Drill.
-- Imperial eagle. (Zoöl.) See
Eagle. -- Imperial green. See
Paris green, under Green. -- Imperial
guard, the royal guard instituted by Napoleon I. -
- Imperial weights and measures, the standards
legalized by the British Parliament.
Im*pe"ri*al, n. [F.
impériale: cf. Sp. imperial.]
1. The tuft of hair on a man's lower lip and
chin; -- so called from the style of beard of Napoleon III.
2. An outside seat on a diligence.
T. Hughes.
3. A luggage case on the top of a
coach. Simmonds.
4. Anything of unusual size or excellence, as
a large decanter, a kind of large photograph, a large sheet of
drawing, printing, or writing paper, etc.
5. A gold coin of Russia worth ten rubles, or
about eight dollars. McElrath.
6. A kind of fine cloth brought into England
from Greece. or other Eastern countries, in the Middle
Ages.
Im*pe"ri*al*ism (?), n. The power
or character of an emperor; imperial authority; the spirit of
empire.
Roman imperialism had divided the
world.
C. H. Pearson.
Im*pe"ri*al*ist, n. [Cf. F.
impérialiste.] One who serves an emperor; one who
favors imperialism.
Im*pe`ri*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Imperialities (&?;).
1. Imperial power.
2. An imperial right or privilegs. See
Royalty.
The late empress having, by ukases of grace,
relinquished her imperialities on the private mines, viz., the
tenths of the copper, iron, silver and gold.
W.
Tooke.
Im*pe"ri*al*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Imperialized (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Imperializing (?).] To invest with
imperial authority, character, or style; to bring to the form of an
empire. Fuller.
Im*pe"ri*al*ly, adv. In an
imperial manner.
Im*pe"ri*al*ly (?), n. Imperial
power. [R.] Sheldon.
Im*per"il (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imperiled (?) or Imperilled; p.
pr. & vb. n. Imperiling or Imperilling.]
To bring into peril; to endanger.
Im*per"il*ment (?), n. The act of
imperiling, or the state of being imperiled.
Im*pe"ri*ous (?), a. [L.
imperiosus: cf. F. impérieux. See
Imperial.] 1. Commanding; ascendant;
imperial; lordly; majestic. [Obs.] "A vast and imperious
mind." Tilloison.
Therefore, great lords, be, as your titles
witness,
Imperious.
Shak.
2. Haughly; arrogant; overbearing; as, an
imperious tyrant; an imperious manner.
This imperious man will work us all
From princes into pages.
Shak.
His bold, contemptuous, and imperious spirit
soon made him conspicuous.
Macaulay.
3. Imperative; urgent; compelling.
Imperious need, which can not be
withstood.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Dictatorial; haughty; domineering; overbearing;
lordly; tyrannical; despotic; arrogant; imperative; authoritative;
commanding; pressing. -- Imperious, Lordly,
Domineering. One who is imperious exercises his
authority in a manner highly offensive for its spirit and tone; one
who is lordly assumes a lofty air in order to display his
importance; one who is domineering gives orders in a way to
make others feel their inferiority.
Im*pe"ri*ous*ly, adv. In an
imperious manner.
Im*pe"ri*ous*ness, n. The quality
or state of being imperious; arrogance; haughtiness.
Imperiousness and severity is but an ill way of
treating men who have reason of their own to guide them.
Locke.
Im*per`ish*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being imperishable: indstructibility. "The
imperishability of the universe." Milman.
Im*per"ish*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + perishable: cf. F. impérissable.]
Not perishable; not subject to decay; indestructible; enduring
permanently; as, an imperishable monument; imperishable
renown. -- Im*per"ish*a*ble*ness, n.
-- Im*per"ish*a*bly, adv.
Im*per"i"wigged (?), a. Wearing a
periwig.
{ Im*per"ma*nence (?), Im*per"ma*nen*cy (?), }
n. lack of permanence.
Im*per"ma*nent (?), a. Not
permanent.
Im*per`me*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Pref.
im- not + permeability: cf. F.
imperméabilité.] The quality of being
impermeable.
Im*per"me*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + permeable: cf. F. imperméable, L.
impermeabilis.] Not permeable; not permitting passage, as
of a fluid. through its substance; impervious; impenetrable; as,
India rubber is impermeable to water and to air. --
Im*per"me*a*ble*ness, n. --
Im*per"me*a*bly, adv.
Im`per*mis"si*ble (?), a. Not
permissible.
Im`per*scru"ta*ble (?), a. [L.
imperscrutabilis.] Not capable of being searched out;
inscrutable. [Obs.] -- Im`per*scru"ta*ble*ness,
n. [Obs.]
Im`per*sev"er*ant (?), a. Not
persevering; fickle; thoughtless. [Obs.]
Im*per"son*al (?), a. [L.
impersonalis; pref. im- not + personalis
personal: cf. F. impersonnel. See Personal.] Not
personal; not representing a person; not having
personality.
An almighty but impersonal power, called
Fate.
Sir J. Stephen.
Impersonal verb (Gram.), a verb used
with an indeterminate subject, commonly, in English, with the
impersonal pronoun it; as, it rains; it snows;
methinks (it seems to me). Many verbs which are not strictly
impersonal are often used impersonally; as, it goes well with
him.
Im*per"son*al, n. That which wants
personality; specifically (Gram.), an impersonal
verb.
Im*per`son*al"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being impersonal; want or absence of
personality.
Im*per"son*al*ly (?), adv. In an
impersonal manner.
Im*per"son*ate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Impersonated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impersonating.] 1. To invest
with personality; to endow with the form of a living being.
2. To ascribe the qualities of a person to;
to personify.
3. To assume, or to represent, the person or
character of; to personate; as, he impersonated
Macbeth.
Benedict impersonated his age.
Milman.
{ Im*per`son*a"tion (?), Im`per*son`i*fi*ca"tion
(?), } n. The act of impersonating;
personification; investment with personality; representation in a
personal form.
Im*per"son*a`tor (?), n. One who
impersonates; an actor; a mimic.
Im*per`spi*cu"i*ty (?), n. Want of
perspicuity or clearness; vagueness; ambiguity.
Im`per*spic"u*ous (?), a. Not
perspicuous; not clear; obscure; vague; ambiguous.
Im`per*suad"a*ble (?), a. [Cf.
Impersuasible.] Not to be persuaded; obstinate;
unyielding; impersuasible. -- Im`per*suad"a*ble*ness,
n.
Im`per*sua"si*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + persuasible: cf. OF. impersuasible.]
Not persuasible; not to be moved by persuasion; inflexible;
impersuadable. Dr. H. More. --
Im`per*sua`si*bil"i*ty (#), n.
Im*per"ti*nence (?), n. [Cf. F.
impertinence. See Impertinent.] 1.
The condition or quality of being impertinent; absence of
pertinence, or of adaptedness; irrelevance; unfitness.
2. Conduct or language unbecoming the person,
the society, or the circumstances; rudeness; incivility.
We should avoid the vexation and impertinence
of pedants who affect to talk in a language not to be
understood.
Swift.
3. That which is impertinent; a thing out of
place, or of no value.
There are many subtile impertinences learned in
schools.
Watts.
Im*per"ti*nen*cy (?), n.
Impertinence. [R.]
O, matter and impertinency mixed!
Reason in madness!
Shak.
Im*per"ti*nent (?), a. [F., fr. L.
impertinens, -entis; pref. im- not +
pertinens. See Pertinent.] 1. Not
pertinent; not pertaining to the matter in hand; having no bearing on
the subject; not to the point; irrelevant; inapplicable.
Things that are impertinent to us.
Tillotson.
How impertinent that grief was which served no
end!
Jer. Taylor.
2. Contrary to, or offending against, the
rules of propriety or good breeding; guilty of, or prone to, rude,
unbecoming, or uncivil words or actions; as, an impertient
coxcomb; an impertient remark.
3. Trifing; inattentive; frivolous.
Syn. -- Rude; officious; intrusive; saucy; unmannerly;
meddlesome; disrespectful; impudent; insolent. --
Impertinent, Officious, Rude. A person is
officious who obtrudes his offices or assistance where
they are not needed; he is impertinent when he intermeddles in
things with which he has no concern. The former shows a want of tact,
the latter a want of breeding, or, more commonly, a spirit of sheer
impudence. A person is rude when he violates the proprieties
of social life either from ignorance or wantonness. "An
impertinent man will ask questions for the mere gratification
of curiosity; a rude man will burst into the room of another,
or push against his person, inviolant of all decorum; one who is
officious is quite as unfortunate as he is troublesome; when
he strives to serve, he has the misfortune to annoy." Crabb.
See Impudence, and Insolent.
Im*per"ti*nent, n. An impertinent
person. [R.]
Im*per"ti*nent*ly, adv. In an
impertinent manner. "Not to betray myself
impertinently." B. Jonson.
Im`per*tran`si*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality or state of being impertransible. [R.]
Im`per*tran"si*ble (?), a. [L. pref.
im- not + pertransire to go through. See Per-
and Transient.] Incapable of being passed through.
[R.]
Im`per*turb`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The state or quality of being imperturbable.
[1913 Webster]
Im`per*turb"a*ble (?), a. [L.
imperturbabilis; pref. im- not + perturbare to
disturb: cf. F. imperturbable. See Perture.]
Incapable of being disturbed or disconcerted; as,
imperturbable gravity.
Im`per*turb"a*bly, adv. In an
imperturbable manner; calmly. C. Bronté.
Im*per`tur*ba"tion (?), n. [L.
imperturbatio.] Freedom from agitation of mind; calmness;
quietude. W. Montagu.
Im`per*turbed" (?), a. Not
perturbed.
Im*per`vi*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being imperviable.
Im*per"vi*a*ble (?), a. Not
pervious; impervious. [R.] -- Im*per"vi*a*ble*ness,
n. [R.]
Im*per"vi*ous (?), a. [L.
impervius; pref. im- not + per through +
via way. See Voyage.] Not pervious; not admitting
of entrance or passage through; as, a substance impervious to
water or air.
This gulf impassable, impervious.
Milton.
The minds of these zealots were absolutely
impervious.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Impassable; pathless; impenetrable; imperviable;
impermeable.
-- Im*per"vi*ous*ly, adv. --
Im*per"vi*ous*ness, n.
Im"per*y (?), n. Empery.
[Archaic] Joye.
Im*pest" (?), v. t. To affict with
pestilence; to infect, as with plague. [Obs.]
Im*pes"ter (?), v. t. See
Pester. [Obs.]
Im`pe*tig"i*nous (?), a. [L.
impetiginous: cf. F. impétigineux.] Of the
nature of, or pertaining to, impetigo.
||Im`pe*ti"go (?), n. [L., fr.
impetere to attack.] (Med.) A cutaneous, pustular
eruption, not attended with fever; usually, a kind of eczema with
pustulation.
Im"pe*tra*ble (?) a. [L.
impetrabilis: cf. F. impétrable. See
Impetrate.] Capable of being obtained or moved by
petition. [Obs.] Bailey.
Im"pe*trate (?), a. [L.
impetratus, p. p. of impetrare to obtain; pref. im-
in + patrare to bring to pass.] Obtained by
entreaty. [Obs.] Ld. Herbert.
Im"pe*trate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Impetrated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impetrating (?).] To obtain by request or
entreaty. Usher.
Im`pe*tra"tion (?), n. [L.
impetratio: cf. F. impétration.]
1. The act of impetrating, or obtaining by
petition or entreaty. [Obs.]
In way of impertation procuring the removal or
allevation of our crosses.
Barrow.
2. (Old Eng. Law) The obtaining of
benefice from Rome by solicitation, which benefice belonged to the
disposal of the king or other lay patron of the realm.
Im"pe*tra*tive (?), a. [L.
impetrativus obtained by entreaty.] Of the nature of
impetration; getting, or tending to get, by entreaty. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Im"pe*tra*to*ry (?), a. Containing
or expressing entreaty. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
Im*pet`u*os"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
impétuosité.] 1. The
condition or quality of being impetuous; fury; violence.
2. Vehemence, or furiousnes of temper.
Shak.
Im*pet"u*ous (?), a. [F.
impetueux, L. impetuosus. See Impetus.]
1. Rushing with force and violence; moving with
impetus; furious; forcible; violent; as, an impetuous wind; an
impetuous torrent.
Went pouring forward with impetuous
speed.
Byron.
2. Vehement in feeling; hasty; passionate;
violent; as, a man of impetuous temper.
The people, on their holidays,
Impetuous, insolent, unquenchable.
Milton.
Syn. -- Forcible; rapid; hasty; precipitate; furious;
boisterous; violent; raging; fierce; passionate.
-- Im*pet"u*ous*ly, adv. --
Im*pet"u*ous*ness, n.
Im"pe*tus (?), n. [L., fr.
impetere to rush upon, attack; pref. im- in +
petere to fall upon, seek. See Petition.]
1. A property possessed by a moving body in
virtue of its weight and its motion; the force with which any body is
driven or impelled; momentum.
&fist; Momentum is the technical term, impetus its
popular equivalent, yet differing from it as applied commonly to
bodies moving or moved suddenly or violently, and indicating the
origin and intensity of the motion, rather than its quantity or
effectiveness.
2. Fig.: Impulse; incentive; vigor;
force. Buckle.
3. (Gun.) The altitude through which a
heavy body must fall to acquire a velocity equal to that with which a
ball is discharged from a piece.
Im"pey*an pheas"ant (&ibreve;m"p&ibreve;*an
f&ebreve;z"ant). [From Lady Impey, who attempted to
naturalize the bird in England.] (Zoöl.) An Indian
crested pheasant of the genus Lophophorus. Several species are
known. Called also monaul, monal.
&fist; They are remarkable for the bright color and brilliant
matallic hues of their plumage. The best known species (L.
Impeyanus) has the neck of a brilliant metallic red, changing to
golden yellow in certain lights.
Im"phee (&ibreve;m"fē), n.
(Bot.) The African sugar cane (Holcus
saccharatus), -- resembling the sorghum, or Chinese sugar
cane.
Im*pic"tured (&ibreve;m*p&ibreve;k"t&usl;rd; 135),
a. Pictured; impressed. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Im*pierce" (&ibreve;m*pērs"), v.
t. [Pref. im- in + pierce. Cf.
Empierce.] To pierce; to penetrate. [Obs.]
Drayton.
Im*pierce"a*ble (-&adot;*b'l) a.
Not capable of being pierced; impenetrable. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Im*pi"e*ty (&ibreve;m*pī"&esl;*t&ybreve;),
n.; pl. Impieties (-
t&ibreve;z). [L. impietas, fr. impius impious; cf. F.
impiété. See Impious, Piety.]
1. The quality of being impious; want of piety;
irreverence toward the Supreme Being; ungodliness;
wickedness.
2. An impious act; an act of
wickedness.
Those impieties for the which they are now
visited.
Shak.
Syn. -- Ungodliness; irreligion; unrighteousness;
sinfulness; profaneness; wickedness; godlessness.
Im*pig"no*rate (&ibreve;m*p&ibreve;g"n&osl;*rāt),
v. t. [LL. impignoratus, p. pl of
impignorare to pawn. See Pignoration.] To pledge
or pawn. [Obs.] Laing.
Im*pig`no*ra"tion (-rā"shŭn),
n. [LL. impignoratio: cf. F.
impignoration.] The act of pawning or pledging; the state
of being pawned. [Obs.] Bailey.
Imp"ing (&ibreve;mp"&ibreve;ng), n.
[See Imp to graft.] 1. The act or process
of grafting or mending. [Archaic]
2. (Falconry) The process of repairing
broken feathers or a deficient wing.
Im*pinge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impinged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impinging (?).] [L. impingere; pref. im- in +
pangere to fix, strike; prob. akin to pacisci to agree,
contract. See Pact, and cf. Impact.] To fall or
dash against; to touch upon; to strike; to hit; to clash with; --
with on or upon.
The cause of reflection is not the impinging of
light on the solid or impervious parts of bodies.
Sir
I. Newton.
But, in the present order of things, not to be
employed without impinging on God's justice.
Bp. Warburton.
Im*pinge"ment (?), n. The act of
impinging.
Im*pin"gent (?), a. [L.
impingens, p. pr.] Striking against or upon.
Im*pin"guate (?), v. t. [L.
impinguatus, p. p. of impinguare to fatten; pref.
im- in + pinguis fat.] To fatten; to make
fat. [Obs.] Bacon.
Im`pin*gua"tion (?), n. The act of
making fat, or the state of being fat or fattened. [Obs.]
Im"pi*ous (?), a. [L. impius;
pref. im- not + pius piou. See Pious.] Not
pious; wanting piety; irreligious; irreverent; ungodly; profane;
wanting in reverence for the Supreme Being; as, an impious
deed; impious language.
When vice prevails, and impious men bear
away,
The post of honor is a private station.
Addison.
Syn. -- Impious, Irreligious, Profane.
Irreligious is negative, impious and profane are
positive. An indifferent man may be irreligious; a
profane man is irreverent in speech and conduct; an
impious man is wickedly and boldly defiant in the strongest
sense. Profane also has the milder sense of secular.
C. J. Smith.
-- Im"pi*ous*ly, adv. --
Im"pi*ous*ness, n.
Im"pire (?), n. See
Umpire. [Obs.] Huloet.
Imp"ish (&ibreve;mp"&ibreve;sh), a.
Having the qualities, or showing the characteristics, of an
imp.
Imp"ish*ly, adv. In the manner of
an imp.
Im*pit"e*ous (?), a. Pitiless;
cruel. [Obs.]
Im*pla`ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
implacabilitas: cf. F. implacabilité.] The
quality or state of being implacable.
Im*pla"ca*ble (?), a. [L.
implacabilis; pref. im- not + placabilis: cf. F.
implacable. See Placable.] 1. Not
placable; not to be appeased; incapable of being pacified;
inexorable; as, an implacable prince.
I see thou art implacable.
Milton.
An object of implacable enmity.
Macaulay.
2. Incapable of being relieved or assuaged;
inextinguishable. [R.]
O! how I burn with implacable
fire.
Spenser.
Which wrought them pain
Implacable, and many a dolorous groan.
Milton.
Syn. -- Unappeasable; inexorable; irreconcilable;
unrelenting; relentless; unyielding.
Im*pla"ca*ble*ness (?), n. The
quality of being implacable; implacability.
Im*pla"ca*bly, adv. In an
implacable manner.
Im`pla*cen"tal (?), a.
(Zoöl.) Without a placenta, as marsupials and
monotremes. -- n. A mammal having no
placenta.
||Im`pla*cen*ta"li*a (?), n. pl. [NL.
See In- not, and Placental.] (Zoöl.) A
primary division of the Mammalia, including the monotremes and
marsupials, in which no placenta is formed.
Im*plant" (?) v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Implanted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Implanting.] [Pref. im- in + plant: cf. F.
implanter.] To plant, or infix, for the purpose of
growth; to fix deeply; to instill; to inculate; to introduce; as, to
implant the seeds of virtue, or the principles of knowledge,
in the minds of youth.
Minds well implanted with solid . . .
breeding.
Milton.
Im`plan*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
implantation.] The act or process of
implanting.
Im*plate" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Implated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Implating.] To cover with plates; to sheathe; as, to
implate a ship with iron.
Im*plau`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. Want
of plausibility; the quality of being implausible.
Im*plau"si*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + plausible: cf. F. implausible.] Not
plausible; not wearing the appearance of truth or credibility, and
not likely to be believed. "Implausible harangues."
Swift.
-- Im*plau"si*ble*ness, n. --
Im*plau"si*bly, adv.
Im*pleach" (?), v. t. To pleach;
to interweave. [Obs.] Shak.
Im*plead" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impleaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Impleading.] [Cf. Emplead.] (Law) To
institute and prosecute a suit against, in court; to sue or prosecute
at law; hence, to accuse; to impeach.
Im*plead", v. i. To sue at
law.
Im*plead"a*ble (?), a. Not
admitting excuse, evasion, or plea; rigorous. [R.] T.
Adams.
Im*plead"er (?), n. (Law)
One who prosecutes or sues another.
Im*pleas"ing (&?;), a. Unpleasing;
displeasing. [Obs.] Overbury.
Im*pledge" (?), v. t. To
pledge. Sir W. Scott.
Im"ple*ment (&ibreve;m"pl&esl;*ment),
n. [LL. implementum accomplishment, fr. L.
implere, impletum, to fill up, finish, complete; pref.
im- in + plere to fill. The word was perh. confused
with OF. empleier, emploier, to employ, F.
employer, whence E. employ. See Plenty.]
That which fulfills or supplies a want or use; esp., an
instrument, tool, or utensil, as supplying a requisite to an end; as,
the implements of trade, of husbandry, or of war.
Genius must have talent as its complement and
implement.
Coleridge.
Im"ple*ment, v. t. 1.
To accomplish; to fulfill. [R.]
Revenge . . . executed and implemented by the
hand of Vanbeest Brown.
Sir W. Scott.
2. To provide with an implement or
implements; to cause to be fulfilled, satisfied, or carried out, by
means of an implement or implements.
The chief mechanical requisites of the barometer are
implemented in such an instrument as the
following.
Nichol.
3. (Scots Law) To fulfill or perform,
as a contract or an engagement.
Im`ple*men"tal (?), a. Pertaining
to, or characterized by, implements or their use;
mechanical.
Im*ple"tion (?), n. [L.
impletio. See Implement.] 1. The
act of filling, or the state of being full. Sir T.
Browne.
2. That which fills up; filling.
Coleridge.
Im"plex (?), a. [L. implexus, p.
p. of implectere to infold; pref. im- in +
plectere to plait: cf. F implexe.] Intricate;
entangled; complicated; complex.
The fable of every poem is . . . simple or
implex. it is called simple when there is no change of fortune
in it; implex, when the fortune of the chief actor changes
from bad to good, or from good to bad.
Addison.
Im*plex"ion (?), n. [L.
implexio.] Act of involving, or state of being involved;
involution.
Im*pli"a*ble (?), a. Not pliable;
inflexible; unyielding.
Im"pli*cate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Implicated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Implicating.] [L. implicatus, p. p. of
implicare to involve; pref. im- in + plicare to
fold. See Employ, Ply, and cf. Imply,
Implicit.] 1. To infold; to fold
together; to interweave.
The meeting boughs and implicated
leaves.
Shelley.
2. To bring into connection with; to involve;
to connect; -- applied to persons, in an unfavorable sense; as, the
evidence implicates many in this conspiracy; to be
implicated in a crime, a discreditable transaction, a fault,
etc.
Im`pli*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
implicatio: cf. F. implication.] 1.
The act of implicating, or the state of being
implicated.
Three principal causes of firmness are. the grossness,
the quiet contact, and the implication of component
parts.
Boyle.
2. An implying, or that which is implied, but
not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be
understood, though not expressed in words.
Whatever things, therefore, it was asserted that the
king might do, it was a necessary implication that there were
other things which he could not do.
Hallam.
Im"pli*ca*tive (?), a. Tending to
implicate.
Im"pli*ca*tive*ly, adv. By
implication. Sir G. Buck.
Im*plic"it (?), a. [L.
implicitus, p. p. of implicare to entwine, entangle,
attach closely: cf. F. implicite. See Implicate.]
1. Infolded; entangled; complicated;
involved. [Obs.] Milton.
In his woolly fleece
I cling implicit.
Pope.
2. Tacitly comprised; fairly to be
understood, though not expressed in words; implied; as, an implicit
contract or agreement. South.
3. Resting on another; trusting in the word
or authority of another, without doubt or reserve; unquestioning;
complete; as, implicit confidence; implicit
obedience.
Back again to implicit faith I
fall.
Donne.
Implicit function. (Math.) See under
Function.
Im*plic"it*ly (?), adv.
1. In an implicit manner; without reserve; with
unreserved confidence.
Not to dispute the methods of his providence, but
humbly and implicitly to acquiesce in and adore
them.
Atterbury.
2. By implication; impliedly; as, to deny the
providence of God is implicitly to deny his existence.
Bentley.
Im*plic"it*ness, n. State or
quality of being implicit.
Im*plic"i*ty (?), n.
Implicitness. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
Im*plied" (?), a. Virtually
involved or included; involved in substance; inferential; tacitly
conceded; -- the correlative of express, or expressed. See
Imply.
Im*pli"ed*ly (?), adv. By
implication or inference. Bp. Montagu.
Im*plod"ed (?), a. (Phon.)
Formed by implosion. Ellis.
Im*plod"ent (?), n. (Phon.)
An implosive sound. Ellis.
Im`plo*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
imploratio: cf. OF. imploration. See Implore.]
The act of imploring; earnest supplication. Bp.
Hall.
Im"plo*ra`tor (?), n. One who
implores. [Obs.]
Mere implorators of unholy suits.
Shak.
Im*plor"a*to*ry (?), a.
Supplicatory; entreating. [R.] Carlyle.
Im*plore" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Implored (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imploring.] [L. implorare; pref. im- in +
plorare to cry aloud. See Deplore.] To call upon,
or for, in supplication; to beseech; to pray to, or for, earnestly;
to petition with urgency; to entreat; to beg; -- followed directly by
the word expressing the thing sought, or the person from whom it is
sought.
Imploring all the gods that reign
above.
Pope.
I kneel, and then implore her
blessing.
Shak.
Syn. -- To beseech; supplicate; crave; entreat; beg;
solicit; petition; prey; request; adjure. See Beseech.
Im*plore", v. i. To entreat; to
beg; to prey.
Im*plore", n. Imploration.
[Obs.] Spencer.
Im*plor"er (?), n. One who
implores.
Im*plor"ing, a. That implores;
beseeching; entreating. -- Im*plor"ing*ly,
adv.
Im*plo"sion (?), n. [Formed by
substitution of pref. im- in for pref. ex- in
explosion.] 1. A bursting inwards, as of
a vessel from which the air has been exhausted; -- contrasted with
explosion.
2. (Phon.) A sudden compression of the
air in the mouth, simultaneously with and affecting the sound made by
the closure of the organs in uttering p, t, or
k, at the end of a syllable (see Guide to
Pronunciation, §§159, 189); also, a similar compression
made by an upward thrust of the larynx without any accompanying
explosive action, as in the peculiar sound of b, d, and
g, heard in Southern Germany. H. Sweet.
Im*plo"sive (?), a. (Phon.)
Formed by implosion. -- n. An
implosive sound, an implodent. -- Im*plo"sive*ly,
adv. H. Sweet.
Im*plumed" (?), a. Not plumed;
without plumes or feathers; featherless. [R.]
Drayton.
Im*plunge" (?), v. t. To
plunge. Fuller.
||Im*plu"vi*um (?), n. [L., fr.
impluere to rain into; pref. im- in + pluere to
rain.] (Arch.) In Roman dwellings, a cistern or tank, set
in the atrium or peristyle to recieve the water from the roof, by
means of the compluvium; generally made ornamental with
flowers and works of art around its birm.
Im*ply" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Implied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Implying.] [From the same source as employ. See Employ,
Ply, and cf. Implicate, Apply.]
1. To infold or involve; to wrap up.
[Obs.] "His head in curls implied." Chapman.
2. To involve in substance or essence, or by
fair inference, or by construction of law, when not include
virtually; as, war implies fighting.
Where a malicious act is proved, a malicious intention
is implied.
Bp. Sherlock.
When a man employs a laborer to work for him, . . .
the act of hiring implies an obligation and a promise that he
shall pay him a reasonable reward for his services.
Blackstone.
3. To refer, ascribe, or attribute.
[Obs.]
Whence might this distaste arise?
If [from] neither your perverse and peevish will.
To which I most imply it.
J. Webster.
Syn. -- To involve; include; comprise; import; mean;
denote; signify; betoken. See Involve.
Im*poi"son (?), v. t. [Cf.
Empoison.] To poison; to imbitter; to impair.
Im*poi"son*er (?), n. A
poisoner. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
Im*poi"son*ment (?), n. [Cf.
Empoisonment.] The act of poisoning or impoisoning.
[Obs.] Pope.
{ Im*po"lar*i*ly (?), Im*po"lar*ly (?), }
adv. Not according to or in, the direction of
the poles. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Im*pol"i*cy (?), n. The quality of
being impolitic; inexpedience; unsuitableness to the end proposed;
bads policy; as, the impolicy of fraud. Bp.
Horsley.
Im`po*lite" (?), a. [L.
impolitus unpolishied, pref. im- not + politus,
p. p. of polire to polish, refine. See Polite.]
Not polite; not of polished manners; wanting in good manners;
discourteous; uncivil; rude. -- Im`po*lite"ly,
adv. -- Im`po*lite"ness,
n.
Im*pol"i*tic (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + politic; cf. F. impolitique.] Not politic;
contrary to, or wanting in, policy; unwise; imprudent; indiscreet;
inexpedient; as, an impolitic ruler, law, or
measure.
The most unjust and impolitic of all things,
unequal taxation.
Burke.
Syn. -- Indiscreet; inexpedient; undiplomatic.
Im`po*lit"i*cal (?), a.
Impolitic. [Obs.] -- Im`po*lit"i*cal*ly,
adv. [Obs.] Bacon.
Im*pol"i*tic*ly (?), adv. In an
impolitic manner.
Im*pol"i*tic*ness, n. The quality
of being impolitic.
Im*pon`der*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
impondérabilité.] The quality or state of
being imponderable; imponderableness.
Im*pon"der*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + ponderable: cf. F. impondérable.]
Not ponderable; without sensible or appreciable weight;
incapable of being weighed.
Im*pon"der*a*ble, n. (Physics)
An imponderable substance or body; specifically, in the plural,
a name formerly applied to heat, light, electricity, and magnetism,
regarded as subtile fluids destitute of weight but in modern science
little used.
Im*pon"der*a*ble*ness, n. The
quality or state of being imponderable.
Im*pon"der*ous (?), a.
Imponderable. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. --
Im*pon"der*ous*ness, n. [Obs.]
Im*pone" (?), v. t. [L.
imponere, impositum, to place upon; pref. im- in
+ ponere to place. See Position.] To stake; to
wager; to pledge. [Obs.]
Against the which he has imponed, as I take it,
six French rapiers and poniards.
Shak.
||Im*poo"fo (?), n. (Zoöl.)
The eland. [Written also impoofoo.]
||Im*poon" (?), n. (Zoöl.)
The duykerbok.
Im*poor" (?), v. t. To
impoverish. [Obs.]
Im`po*ros"i*ty (?), n. [Perf. im-
not + porosity: cf. F. imporosité.]
The state or quality of being imporous; want of porosity;
compactness. "The . . . imporosity betwixt the tangible
parts." Bacon.
Im*por"ous (?), a. Destitute of
pores; very close or compact in texture; solid. Sir T.
Browne.
Im*port" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imported; p. pr. & vb. n.
Importing.] [L. importare to bring in, to occasion, to
cause; pref. im- in + portare to bear. Sense 3 comes
through F. importer, from the Latin. See Port
demeanor.] 1. To bring in from abroad; to
introduce from without; especially, to bring (wares or merchandise)
into a place or country from a foreign country, in the transactions
of commerce; -- opposed to export. We import teas from
China, coffee from Brasil, etc.
2. To carry or include, as meaning or
intention; to imply; to signify.
Every petition . . . doth . . . always import a
multitude of speakers together.
Hooker.
3. To be of importance or consequence to; to
have a bearing on; to concern.
I have a motion much imports your
good.
Shak.
If I endure it, what imports it
you?
Dryden.
Syn. -- To denote; mean; signify; imply; indicate; betoken;
interest; concern.
Im*port", v. i. To signify; to
purport; to be of moment. "For that . . . importeth to
the work." Bacon.
Im"port (?), n. 1.
Merchandise imported, or brought into a country from without its
boundaries; -- generally in the plural, opposed to
exports.
I take the imports from, and not the exports
to, these conquests, as the measure of these advantages which we
derived from them.
Burke.
2. That which a word, phrase, or document
contains as its signification or intention or interpretation of a
word, action, event, and the like.
3. Importance; weight; consequence.
Most serious design, and the great
import.
Shak.
Im*port"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
importable. See Import.] Capable of being
imported.
Im*port"a*ble, a. [L.
importabilis; pref. im- not + portabilis
bearable: cf. OF. importable. See Portable.] Not
to be endured; insupportable; intolerable. [Obs.]
Chaucer. -- Im*port"a*ble*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Im*por"tance (?), n. [F.
importance. See Important.] 1. The
quality or state of being important; consequence; weight; moment;
significance.
Thy own importance know,
Nor bound thy narrow views to things below.
Pope.
2. Subject; matter. [Obs.]
Upon importance of so slight and trivial a
nature.
Shak.
3. Import; meaning; significance.
[Obs.]
The wisest beholder could not say if the
importance were joy or sorrow.
Shak.
4. Importunity; solicitation.
[Obs.]
At our importance hither is he
come.
Shak.
Im*por"tan*cy (?), n. Importance;
significance; consequence; that which is important. [Obs.]
Shak. "Careful to conceal importancies."
Fuller.
Im*por"tant (?), a. [F.
important. See Import, v. t.]
1. Full of, or burdened by, import; charged with
great interests; restless; anxious. [Obs.]
Thou hast strength as much
As serves to execute a mind very important.
Chapman.
2. Carrying or possessing weight or
consequence; of valuable content or bearing; significant;
weighty.
Things small as nothing . . .
He makes important.
Shak.
3. Bearing on; forcible; driving.
[Obs.]
He fiercely at him flew,
And with important outrage him assailed.
Spenser.
4. Importunate; pressing; urgent.
[Obs.] Shak.
Syn. -- Weighty; momentous; significant; essential;
necessary; considerable; influential; serious.
Im*por"tant*ly, adv. In an
important manner.
Im`por*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
importation. See Import, v. t.]
1. The act of carrying, conveying, or
delivering. [R.]
2. The act or practice of importing, or
bringing into a country or state; -- opposed to
exportation.
3. That which is imported; commodities or
wares introduced into a country from abroad.
Im*port"er (?), n. One who
imports; the merchant who brings goods into a country or state; --
opposed to exporter.
Im*port"ing, a. Full of
meaning. [Obs.] Shak.
Im*port"less, a. Void of
meaning. [Obs.] Shak.
Im*por"tu*na*ble (?), a. Heavy;
insupportable. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
Im*por"tu*na*cy (?), n. [From
Importunate.] The quality of being importunate;
importunateness.
Im*por"tu*nate (?), a. [See
Importune.] 1. Troublesomely urgent;
unreasonably solicitous; overpressing in request or demand; urgent;
teasing; as, an impotunate petitioner, curiosity.
Whewell.
2. Hard to be borne; unendurable. [R.]
Donne.
-- Im*por"tu*nate*ly, adv. --
Im*por"tu*nate*ness, n.
Im*por"tu*na`tor (?), n. One who
importunes; an importuner. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.
Im`por*tune" (?), a. [F.
importun, L. importunus; pref. im- not + a
derivative from the root of portus harbor, importunus
therefore orig. meaning, hard of access. See Port harbor, and
cf. Importunate.] 1. Inopportune;
unseasonable. [Obs.]
2. Troublesome; vexatious; persistent;
urgent; hence, vexatious on account of untimely urgency or
pertinacious solicitation. [Obs.]
And their importune fates all
satisfied.
Spenser.
Of all other affections it [envy] is the most
importune and continual.
Bacon.
Im`por*tune", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Importuned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Importuning.] [From Importune, a.:
cf. F. importuner.] 1. To request or
solicit, with urgency; to press with frequent, unreasonable, or
troublesome application or pertinacity; hence, to tease; to irritate;
to worry.
Their ministers and residents here have perpetually
importuned the court with unreasonable demands.
Swift.
2. To import; to signify. [Obs.] "It
importunes death." Spenser.
Im`por*tune", v. i. To require; to
demand. [Obs.]
We shall write to you,
As time and our concernings shall importune.
Shak.
Im`por*tune"ly, adv. In an
importune manner. [Obs.]
Im`por*tun"er (?), n. One who
importunes.
Im`por*tu"ni*ty (?), n.; pl.
Importunities (#). [L. importunitas
unsuitableness, rudeness: cf. F. importunité.] The
quality of being importunate; pressing or pertinacious solicitation;
urgent request; incessant or frequent application; troublesome
pertinacity.
O'ercome with importunity and
tears.
Milton.
Im*por"tu*ous (?), a. [L.
importuosus; pref. im- not + portuosus abounding
in harbors, fr. portus harbor.] Without a port or
harbor. [R.]
Im*pos"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
imposable.] Capable of being imposed or laid on.
Hammond.
Im*pos"a*ble*ness, n. Quality of
being imposable.
Im*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imposed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Imposing.] [F. imposer; pref. im- in +
poser to place. See Pose, v. t.]
1. To lay on; to set or place; to put; to
deposit.
Cakes of salt and barley [she] did impose
Within a wicker basket.
Chapman.
2. To lay as a charge, burden, tax, duty,
obligation, command, penalty, etc.; to enjoin; to levy; to inflict;
as, to impose a toll or tribute.
What fates impose, that men must needs
abide.
Shak.
Death is the penalty imposed.
Milton.
Thou on the deep imposest nobler
laws.
Waller.
3. (Eccl.) To lay on, as the hands, in
the religious rites of confirmation and ordination.
4. (Print.) To arrange in proper order
on a table of stone or metal and lock up in a chase for printing; --
said of columns or pages of type, forms, etc.
Im*pose", v. i. To practice tricks
or deception.
To impose on or upon, to
pass or put a trick on; to delude. "He imposes on
himself, and mistakes words for things." Locke.
Im*pose", n. A command;
injunction. [Obs.] Shak.
Im*pose"ment (?), n.
Imposition. [Obs.]
Im*pos"er (?), n. One who
imposes.
The imposers of these oaths might
repent.
Walton.
Im*pos"ing, a. 1.
Laying as a duty; enjoining.
2. Adapted to impress forcibly; impressive;
commanding; as, an imposing air; an imposing
spectacle. "Large and imposing edifices." Bp.
Hobart.
3. Deceiving; deluding; misleading.
Im*pos"ing, n. (Print.) The
act of imposing the columns of a page, or the pages of a sheet. See
Impose, v. t., 4.
Imposing stone (Print.), the stone on
which the pages or columns of types are imposed or made into forms; -
- called also imposing table.
Im*pos"ing*ly, adv. In an imposing
manner.
Im*pos"ing*ness, n. The quality of
being imposing.
Im`po*si"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L.
impositio the application of a name to a thing. See
Impone.] 1. The act of imposing, laying
on, affixing, enjoining, inflicting, obtruding, and the like.
"From imposition of strict laws." Milton.
Made more solemn by the imposition of
hands.
Hammond.
2. That which is imposed, levied, or
enjoined; charge; burden; injunction; tax.
3. (Eng. Univ.) An extra exercise
enjoined on students as a punishment. T. Warton.
4. An excessive, arbitrary, or unlawful
exaction; hence, a trick or deception put on laid on others;
cheating; fraud; delusion; imposture.
Reputation is an idle and most false
imposition.
Shak.
5. (Eccl.) The act of laying on the
hands as a religious ceremoy, in ordination, confirmation,
etc.
6. (Print.) The act or process of
imosing pages or columns of type. See Impose, v.
t., 4.
Syn. -- Deceit; fraud; imposture. See Deception.
Im*pos`si*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Impossibilities (#). [L. impossibilitas: cf.
F. impossibilité.] 1. The quality
of being impossible; impracticability.
They confound difficulty with
impossibility.
South.
2. An impossible thing; that which can not be
thought, done, or endured.
Impossibilities! O, no, there's
none.
Cowley.
3. Inability; helplessness. [R.]
Latimer.
Logical impossibility, a condition or
statement involving contradiction or absurdity; as, that a thing can
be and not be at the same time. See Principle of
Contradiction, under Contradiction.
Im*pos"si*ble (?), a. [F., fr. L.
impossibilis; pref. im- not + possibilis
possible. See Possible.] Not possible; incapable of being
done, of existing, etc.; unattainable in the nature of things, or by
means at command; insuperably difficult under the circumstances;
absurd or impracticable; not feasible.
With men this is impossible; but with God all
things are possible.
Matt. xix. 26.
Without faith it is impossible to please
him.
Heb. xi. 6.
Impossible quantity (Math.), an
imaginary quantity. See Imaginary.
Syn. -- See Impracticable.
Im*pos"si*ble, n. An
impossibility. [Obs.]
"Madam," quoth he, "this were an
impossible!"
Chaucer.
Im*pos"si*bly, adv. Not
possibly. Sir. T. North.
Im"post (?), n. [OF. impost, F.
impot, LL. impostus, fr. L. impostus, p. p. of
imponere to impose. See Impone.] 1.
That which is imposed or levied; a tax, tribute, or duty;
especially, a duty or tax laid by goverment on goods imported into a
country.
Even the ship money . . . Johnson could not pronounce
to have been an unconstitutional impost.
Macaulay.
2. (Arch.) The top member of a pillar,
pier, wall, etc., upon which the weight of an arch rests.
&fist; The impost is called continuous, if the moldings of
the arch or architrave run down the jamb or pier without a break.
Syn. -- Tribute; excise; custom; duty; tax.
Im*post"hu*mate (?), v. t. [See
Imposthume.] To apostemate; to form an imposthume or
abscess. Arbuthnot.
Im*post"hu*mate, v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Imposthumated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Imposthumating (?).] To affect with an
imposthume or abscess.
Im*post"hu*mate (?), a.
Imposthumated.
Im*post`hu*ma"tion (?), n.
1. The act of forming an abscess; state of being
inflamed; suppuration.
2. An abscess; an imposthume.
Coxe.
Im*post"hume (?), n. [A corruption of
aposteme. See Aposteme.] A collection of pus or
purulent matter in any part of an animal body; an abscess.
Im*post"hume, v. t. & i. Same as
Imposthumate.
Im*pos"tor (?), n. [L. impostor
a deceiver, fr. imponere to impose upon, deceive. See
Impone.] One who imposes upon others; a person who
assumes a character or title not his own, for the purpose of
deception; a pretender. "The fraudulent impostor foul."
Milton.
Syn. -- Deceiver; cheat; rogue. See Deceiver.
Im*pos"tor*ship, n. The condition,
character, or practice of an impostor. Milton.
{ Im*pos"tress (?), Im*pos"trix (?), }
n. [LL. impostrix. See Impostor.]
A woman who imposes upon or deceives others. [R.]
Fuller.
Im*pos"trous (?), n. Characterized
by imposture; deceitful. "Impostrous pretense of
knowledge." Grote.
Im*pos"tur*age (?), n. Imposture;
cheating. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
Im*pos"ture (?), n. [L.
impostura: cf. F. imposture. See Impone.]
The act or conduct of an impostor; deception practiced under a
false or assumed character; fraud or imposition; cheating.
From new legends
And fill the world with follies and impostures.
Johnson.
Syn. -- Cheat; fraud; trick; imposition; delusion.
Im*pos"tured (?), a. Done by
imposture. [Obs.]
Im*pos"tur*ous (?), a. Impostrous;
deceitful.
Strictness fales and impostrous.
Beau. & Fl.
Im*pos"tur*y (?), n.
Imposture. [Obs.] Fuller.
{ Im"po*tence (?), Im"po*ten*cy (?), }
n. [L. impotenia inability, poverty, want of
moderation. See Impotent.] 1. The quality
or condition of being impotent; want of strength or power, animal,
intellectual, or moral; weakness; feebleness; inability;
imbecility.
Some were poor by impotency of nature; as young
fatherless children, old decrepit persons, idiots, and
cripples.
Hayward.
O, impotence of mind in body
strong!
Milton.
2. Want of self-restraint or self-
control. [R.] Milton.
3. (Law & Med.) Want of procreative
power; inability to copulate, or beget children; also, sometimes,
sterility; barrenness.
Im"po*tent (?), a. [F. impotent,
L. impotens, -entis; pref. im- not +
potens potent, powerful. See Potent.]
1. Not potent; wanting power, strength. or
vigor. whether physical, intellectual, or moral; deficient in
capacity; destitute of force; weak; feeble; infirm.
There sat a certain man at Lystra, impotent
inhis feet.
Acts xiv. 8.
O most lame and impotent
conclusion!
Shak.
Not slow to hear,
Nor impotent to save.
Addison.
2. Wanting the power of self-restraint;
incontrolled; ungovernable; violent.
Impotent of tongue, her silence
broke.
Dryden.
3. (Med.) Wanting the power of
procreation; unable to copulate; also, sometimes, sterile;
barren.
Im"po*tent, n. One who is
impotent. [R.] Shak.
Im"po*tent*ly, adv. In an impotent
manner.
Im*pound" (&?;), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Impounded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Impounding.] To shut up or place in an inclosure called a
pound; hence, to hold in the custody of a court; as, to
impound stray cattle; to impound a document for safe
keeping.
But taken and impounded as a stray,
The king of Scots.
Shak.
Im*pound"age (&ibreve;m*pound"&asl;j),
n. 1. The act of impounding,
or the state of being impounded.
2. The fee or fine for impounding.
Im*pound"er (?), n. One who
impounds.
Im*pov"er*ish (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Impoverished (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impoverishing.] [OF. empovrir; pref.
em- (L. in) + povre poor, F. pauvre; cf.
OF. apovrir, F. appauvrir, where the prefix is a-
, L. ad. Cf. Empoverish, and see Poor, and
-ish.] 1. To make poor; to reduce to
poverty or indigence; as, misfortune and disease impoverish
families.
2. To exhaust the strength, richness, or
fertility of; to make sterile; as, to impoverish
land.
Im*pov"er*ish*er (?), n. One who,
or that which, impoverishes.
Im*pov"er*ish*ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
empoverissement, and F. appauvrissement.] The act
of impoverishing, or the state of being impoverished; reduction to
poverty. Sir W. Scott.
Im*pow"er (?), v. t. See
Empower.
Imp"-pole` (&?;), n. (Building)
A pole for supporting a scaffold.
Im*prac`ti*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n.;
pl. Impracticabilities (&?;).
1. The state or quality of being impracticable;
infeasibility. Goldsmith.
2. An impracticable thing.
3. Intractableness; stubbornness.
Im*prac"ti*ca*ble (?), a.
1. Not practicable; incapable of being
performed, or accomplished by the means employed, or at command;
impossible; as, an impracticable undertaking.
2. Not to be overcome, persuaded, or
controlled by any reasonable method; unmanageable; intractable; not
capable of being easily dealt with; -- used in a general sense, as
applied to a person or thing that is difficult to control or get
along with.
This though, impracticable heart
Is governed by a dainty-fingered girl.
Rowe.
Patriotic but loyal men went away disgusted afresh
with the impracticable arrogance of a sovereign.
Palfrey.
3. Incapable of being used or availed of; as,
an impracticable road; an impracticable
method.
Syn. -- Impossible; infeasible. -- Impracticable,
Impossible. A thing is impracticable when it can not be
accomplished by any human means at present possessed; a thing is
impossible when the laws of nature forbid it. The navigation
of a river may now be impracticable, but not
impossible, because the existing obstructions may yet be
removed. "The barons exercised the most despotic authority over their
vassals, and every scheme of public utility was rendered
impracticable by their continued petty wars with each other."
Mickle. "With men this is impossible, but with God all
things are possible." Matt. xix. 26.
Im*prac"ti*ca*ble*ness, n. The
state or quality of being impracticable; impracticability.
Im*prac"ti*ca*bly, adv. In an
impracticable manner.
Morality not impracticably rigid.
Johnson.
Im*prac"ti*cal (?), a. Not
practical.
Im"pre*cate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Imprecated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Imprecating (?).] [L. imprecatus, p. p. of
imprecari to imprecate; pref. im- in, on +
precari to pray. See Pray.] 1. To
call down by prayer, as something hurtful or calamitous.
Imprecate the vengeance of Heaven on the guilty
empire.
Mickle.
2. To invoke evil upon; to curse; to swear
at.
In vain we blast the ministers of Fate,
And the forlorn physicians imprecate.
Rochester.
Im`pre*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
imprecatio: cf. F. imprécation.] The act of
imprecating, or invoking evil upon any one; a prayer that a curse or
calamity may fall on any one; a curse.
Men cowered like slaves before such horrid
imprecations.
Motley.
Syn. -- Malediction; curse; execration; anathema. See
Malediction.
Im"pre*ca*to*ry (?), a. Of the
nature of, or containing, imprecation; invoking evil; as, the
imprecatory psalms.
Im`pre*ci"sion (?), n. Want of
precision. [R.]
Im*pregn" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
impregner. See Impregnate.] To impregnate; to make
fruitful. [Obs.]
His pernicious words, impregned
With reason.
Milton.
Semele doth Bacchus bear
Impregned of Jove.
Dr. H. More.
Im*preg`na*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being impregnable; invincibility.
Im*preg"na*ble (?), a. [F.
imprenable; pref. im- not + prenable pregnable,
fr. prendre to take, L. prehendere. See
Comprehend, Get to obtain.] Not to be stormed, or
taken by assault; incapable of being subdued; able to resist attack;
unconquerable; as, an impregnable fortress; impregnable
virtue.
The man's affection remains wholly unconcerned and
impregnable.
South.
-- Im*preg"na*ble*ness, n. --
Im*preg"na*bly, adv.
Im*preg"na*ble (?), a. [See
Impregnate.] (Biol.) Capable of being impregnated, as the
egg of an animal, or the ovule of a plant.
Im*preg"nant (?), n. [See
Impregnate.] That which impregnates. [R.]
Glanvill.
Im*preg"nant, a. [Pref. im- not
+ pregnant.] Not pregnant; unfertilized or
infertile. [R.]
Im*preg"nate (&ibreve;m*pr&ebreve;g"nāt),
v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Impregnated (-n&asl;*t&ebreve;d); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impregnating (-n&asl;*t&ibreve;ng).] [LL.
impraegnatus, p. p. of impraegnare to impregnate, fr.
L. pref. im- in + praegnans pregnant. See
Pregnant.] 1. To make pregnant; to cause
to conceive; to render prolific; to get with child or
young.
2. (Biol.) To come into contact with
(an ovum or egg) so as to cause impregnation; to fertilize; to
fecundate.
3. To infuse an active principle into; to
render fruitful or fertile in any way; to fertilize; to
imbue.
4. To infuse particles of another substance
into; to communicate the quality of another to; to cause to be
filled, imbued, mixed, or furnished (with something); as, to
impregnate India rubber with sulphur; clothing
impregnated with contagion; rock impregnated with
ore.
Im*preg"nate (&ibreve;m*pr&ebreve;g"nāt),
v. i. To become pregnant.
Addison.
Im*preg"nate (-n&asl;t), a. [LL.
impraegnatus, p. p.] Impregnated; made
prolific.
The scorching ray
Here pierceth not, impregnate with disease.
Byron.
Im`preg*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
imprégnation, LL. impraegnatio.]
1. The act of impregnating or the state of being
impregnated; fecundation.
2. (Biol.) The fusion of a female germ
cell (ovum) with a male germ cell (in animals, a spermatozoön)
to form a single new cell endowed with the power of developing into a
new individual; fertilization; fecundation.
&fist; In the broadest biological sense, impregnation, or sexual
generation, consists simply in the coalescence of two similar masses
of protoplasmic matter, either derived from different parts of the
same organism or from two distinct organisms. From the single mass,
which results from the fusion, or coalescence, of these two masses, a
new organism develops.
3. That with which anything is
impregnated. Derham.
4. Intimate mixture; infusion;
saturation.
5. (Mining) An ore deposit, with
indefinite boundaries, consisting of rock impregnated with ore.
Raymond.
Im`pre*ju"di*cate (?), a. Not
prejudged; unprejudiced; impartial. [Obs.] Sir T.
Browne.
Im*pre"na*ble (?), a.
Impregnable. [Obs.]
Im*prep`a*ra"tion (?), n. Want of
preparation. [Obs.] Hooker.
||Im*pre"sa (&esl;m*prā"s&adot;),
n. [It. See Emprise, and cf. Impress,
n., 4.] (Her.) A device on a shield or
seal, or used as a bookplate or the like. [Written also
imprese and impress.]
My impresa to your lordship; a swain
Flying to a laurel for shelter.
J. Webster.
||Im`pre*sa"ri*o (?), n.; pl.
Impresarios (#). [It., from impresa
enterprise.] The projector, manager, or conductor, of an opera
or concert company.
Im`pre*scrip`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. imprescriptibilité.] The quality of being
imprescriptible.
Im`pre*scrip"ti*ble (?), a. [Pref.
im- not + prescriptible: cf. F.
imprescriptible.] 1. Not capable of being
lost or impaired by neglect, by disuse, or by the claims of another
founded on prescription.
The right of navigation, fishing, and others that may
be exercised on the sea, belonging to the right of mere ability, are
imprescriptible.
Vattel (Trans. )
2. Not derived from, or dependent on,
external authority; self-evidencing; obvious.
The imprescriptible laws of the pure
reason.
Colerridge.
Im`pre*scrip"ti*bly, adv. In an
imprescriptible manner; obviously.
Im*prese" (?), n. A device. See
Impresa.
An imprese, as the Italians call it, is a
device in picture with his motto or word, borne by noble or learned
personages.
Camden.
Im*press" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impressed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impressing.] [L. impressus, p. p. of imprimere
to impress; pref. im- in, on + premere to press. See
Press to squeeze, and cf. Imprint.] 1.
To press, stamp, or print something in or upon; to mark by
pressure, or as by pressure; to imprint (that which bears the
impression).
His heart, like an agate, with your print
impressed.
Shak.
2. To produce by pressure, as a mark, stamp,
image, etc.; to imprint (a mark or figure upon something).
3. Fig.: To fix deeply in the mind; to
present forcibly to the attention, etc.; to imprint; to
inculcate.
Impress the motives of persuasion upon our own
hearts till we feel the force of them.
I.
Watts.
4. [See Imprest, Impress,
n., 5.] To take by force for public service;
as, to impress sailors or money.
The second five thousand pounds impressed for
the service of the sick and wounded prisoners.
Evelyn.
Im*press", v. i. To be impressed;
to rest. [Obs.]
Such fiendly thoughts in his heart
impress.
Chaucer.
Im"press (?), n.; pl.
Impresses (&?;). 1. The act of
impressing or making.
2. A mark made by pressure; an indentation;
imprint; the image or figure of anything, formed by pressure or as if
by pressure; result produced by pressure or influence.
The impresses of the insides of these
shells.
Woodward.
This weak impress of love is as a figure
Trenched in ice.
Shak.
3. Characteristic; mark of distinction;
stamp. South.
4. A device. See Impresa.
Cussans.
To describe . . . emblazoned shields,
Impresses quaint.
Milton.
5. [See Imprest, Press to force into
service.] The act of impressing, or taking by force for the
public service; compulsion to serve; also, that which is
impressed.
Why such impress of shipwrights?
Shak.
Impress gang, a party of men, with an
officer, employed to impress seamen for ships of war; a press
gang. -- Impress money, a sum of money
paid, immediately upon their entering service, to men who have been
impressed.
Im*press`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being impressible; susceptibility.
Im*press"i*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
impressible.] Capable of being impressed; susceptible;
sensitive. -- Im*press"i*ble*ness,
n. -- Im*press"i*bly,
adv.
Im*pres"sion (?), n. [F.
impression, L. impressio.] 1. The
act of impressing, or the state of being impressed; the communication
of a stamp, mold, style, or character, by external force or by
influence.
2. That which is impressed; stamp; mark;
indentation; sensible result of an influence exerted from
without.
The stamp and clear impression of good
sense.
Cowper.
To shelter us from impressions of weather, we
must spin, we must weave, we must build.
Barrow.
3. That which impresses, or exercises an
effect, action, or agency; appearance; phenomenon. [Obs.]
Portentous blaze of comets and impressions in
the air.
Milton.
A fiery impression falling from out of
Heaven.
Holland.
4. Influence or effect on the senses or the
intellect hence, interest, concern. Reid.
His words impression left.
Milton.
Such terrible impression made the
dream.
Shak.
I have a father's dear impression,
And wish, before I fall into my grave,
That I might see her married.
Ford.
5. An indistinct notion, remembrance, or
belief.
6. Impressiveness; emphasis of
delivery.
Which must be read with an
impression.
Milton.
7. (Print.) The pressure of the type
on the paper, or the result of such pressure, as regards its
appearance; as, a heavy impression; a clear, or a poor,
impression; also, a single copy as the result of printing, or
the whole edition printed at a given time.
Ten impressions which his books have
had.
Dryden.
8. In painting, the first coat of color, as
the priming in house painting and the like. [R.]
9. (Engraving) A print on paper from a
wood block, metal plate, or the like.
Proof impression, one of the early
impressions taken from an engraving, before the plate or block is
worn.
Im*pres`sion*a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality of being impressionable.
Im*pres"sion*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
impressionnable.] Liable or subject to impression;
capable of being molded; susceptible; impressible.
He was too impressionable; he had too much of
the temperament of genius.
Motley.
A pretty face and an impressionable
disposition.
T. Hook.
Im*pres"sion*a*ble*ness, n. The
quality of being impressionable.
Im*pres"sion*ism (?), n. [F.
impressionnisme.] (Fine Arts) The theory or method
of suggesting an effect or impression without elaboration of the
details; -- a disignation of a recent fashion in painting and
etching.
Im*pres"sion*ist, n. [F.
impressionniste.] (Fine Arts) One who adheres to
the theory or method of impressionism, so called.
Im*pres`sion*is"tic (?), a.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, impressionism.
Im*pres"sion*less, a. Having the
quality of not being impressed or affected; not
susceptible.
Im*press"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
impressif.] 1. Making, or tending to make, an
impression; having power to impress; adapted to excite attention and
feeling, to touch the sensibilities, or affect the conscience; as, an
impressive discourse; an impressive scene.
2. Capable of being impressed. [Obs.]
Drayton.
- Im*press"ive*ly, adv. --
Im*press"ive*ness, n.
Im*press"ment (?), n. The act of
seizing for public use, or of impressing into public service;
compulsion to serve; as, the impressment of provisions or of
sailors.
The great scandal of our naval service --
impressment -- died a protracted death.
J. H.
Burton.
Im*press"or (?), n. [LL., a printer.]
One who, or that which, impresses. Boyle.
Im*pres"sure (?), n. [Cf. OF.
impressure, LL. impressura.] Dent;
impression. [Obs.] Shak.
Im*prest" (&?;), v. t. [ imp. &
p. p. Imprested; p. pr. & vb. n.
Impresting.] [Pref. im- + prest: cf. It.
imprestare. See Prest, n.] To
advance on loan. Burke.
Im"prest (?), n. [Cf. It.
impresto, imprestito, LL. impraestitum. See
Imprest, v. t., and Impress
compulsion to serve.] A kind of earnest money; loan; --
specifically, money advanced for some public service, as in
enlistment. Burke.
The clearing of their imprests for what little
of their debts they have received.
Pepys.
{ Im*prev"a*lence (?), Im*prev"a*len*cy (?), }
n. Want of prevalence. [Obs.]
Im`pre*vent`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being impreventable. [R.]
Im`pre*vent"a*ble (?), a. Not
preventable; inevitable.
||Im`pri*ma"tur (?), n. [L., let it be
printed.] (Law) A license to print or publish a book,
paper, etc.; also, in countries subjected to the censorship of the
press, approval of that which is published.
Im*prim"er*y (?), n. [F.
imprimerie, fr. imprimer to imprint.] [Obs.]
(a) A print; impression.
(b) A printing establishment.
(c) The art of printing.
Im*prim"ing (?), n. A
beginning. [Obs.] "Their springings and imprimings."
Sir H. Wotton.
||Im*pri"mis (?), adv. [L., for in
primis among the first, chiefly; in in + primus
first.] In the first place; first in order.
Im*print" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imptrinted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Imprinting.] [OE. emprenten, F. empreint, p. p.
of empreindre to imprint, fr. L. imprimere to impres,
imprint. See 1st In-, Print, and cf. Impress.]
1. To impress; to mark by pressure; to indent;
to stamp.
And sees his num'rous herds imprint her
sands.
Prior.
2. To stamp or mark, as letters on paper, by
means of type, plates, stamps, or the like; to print the mark
(figures, letters, etc., upon something).
Nature imprints upon whate'er we see,
That has a heart and life in it, "Be free."
Cowper.
3. To fix indelibly or permanently, as in the
mind or memory; to impress.
Ideas of those two different things distinctly
imprinted on his mind.
Locke.
Im"print (?), n. [Cf. F.
empreinte impress, stamp. See Imprint, v.
t.] Whatever is impressed or imprinted; the impress or
mark left by something; specifically, the name of the printer or
publisher (usually) with the time and place of issue, in the title-
page of a book, or on any printed sheet. "That imprint
of their hands." Buckle.
Im*pris"on (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Imprisoned (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Imprisoning.] [OE. enprisonen, OF.
enprisoner, F. emprisonner; pref. en- (L.
in) + F. & OF. prison. See Prison.]
1. To put in prison or jail; To arrest and
detain in custody; to confine.
He imprisoned was in chains
remediless.
Spenser.
2. To limit, restrain, or confine in any
way.
Try to imprison the resistless
wind.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To incarcerate; confine; immure.
Im*pris"on*er (?), n. One who
imprisons.
Im*pris"on ment (?), n. [OE.
enprisonment; F. emprisonnement.] The act of
imprisoning, or the state of being imprisoned; confinement;
restraint.
His sinews waxen weak and raw
Through long imprisonment and hard constraint.
Spenser.
Every confinement of the person is an
imprisonment, whether it be in a common prison, or in a
private house, or even by foreibly detaining one in the public
streets.
Blackstone.
False imprisonment. (Law) See under
False.
Syn. -- Incarceration; custody; confinement; durance;
restraint.
Im*prob`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Improbabilities (#). [Cf. F.
improbabilité.] The quality or state of being
improbable; unlikelihood; also, that which is improbable; an
improbable event or result.
Im*prob"a*ble (?), a. [L.
improbabilis; pref. im- not + probabilis
probable: cf. F. improbable. See Probable.] Not
probable; unlikely to be true; not to be expected under the
circumstances or in the usual course of events; as, an
improbable story or event.
He . . . sent to Elutherius, then bishop of Rome, an
improbable letter, as some of the contents
discover.
Milton.
-- Im*prob"a*ble*ness, n. --
Im*prob"a*bly, adv.
Im"pro*bate (?), v. t. [L.
improbatus, p. p. of improbare to disapprove; pref.
im- not + probare to approve.] To disapprove of;
to disallow. [Obs.]
Im`pro*ba"tion (?), n. [L.
improbatio.] 1. The act of disapproving;
disapprobation.
2. (Scots Law) The act by which
falsehood and forgery are proved; an action brought for the purpose
of having some instrument declared false or forged.
Bell.
{ Im"pro*ba*tive (?), Im"pro*ba`to*ry (?) },
a. Implying, or tending to,
improbation.
Im*prob"i*ty (?), n. [L.
improbitas; pref. im- not + probitas probity:
cf. F. improbité.] Lack of probity; want of
integrity or rectitude; dishonesty.
Persons . . . cast out for notorious
improbity.
Hooker.
{ Im`pro*fi"cience (?), Im`pro*fi"cien*cy, }
n. Want of proficiency. [R.]
Bacon.
Im*prof"it*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + profitable: cf. F. improfitable.]
Unprofitable. [Obs.]
Im`pro*gress"ive (?), a. Not
progressive. De Quincey. --
Im"pro*gress"ive*ly, adv.
Im`pro*lif"ic (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + prolific: cf. F. improlifique.] Not
prolific. [Obs.] E. Waterhouse.
Im`pro*lif"ic*ate (?), v. t. [Pref.
im- in + prolificate.] To impregnate. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Im*prompt" (?), a. Not
ready. [R.] Sterne.
Im*promp"tu (?), adv. or a. [F.
impromptu, fr. L. in promptu in readiness, at hand;
in in + promptus visibility, readiness, from
promptus visible, ready. See Prompt.] Offhand;
without previous study; extemporaneous; extempore; as, an
impromptu verse.
Im*promp"tu, n. 1.
Something made or done offhand, at the moment, or without
previous study; an extemporaneous composition, address, or
remark.
2. (Mus.) A piece composed or played
at first thought; a composition in the style of an extempore
piece.
Im*prop"er (?), a. [F. impropre,
L. improprius; pref. im- not + proprius proper.
See Proper.] 1. Not proper; not suitable;
not fitted to the circumstances, design, or end; unfit; not becoming;
incongruous; inappropriate; indecent; as, an improper
medicine; improper thought, behavior, language,
dress.
Follow'd his enemy king, and did him service,
Improper for a slave.
Shak.
And to their proper operation still,
Ascribe all Good; to their improper, Ill.
Pope.
2. Not peculiar or appropriate to
individuals; general; common. [Obs.]
Not to be adorned with any art but such
improper ones as nature is said to bestow, as singing and
poetry.
J. Fletcher.
3. Not according to facts; inaccurate;
erroneous.
Improper diphthong. See under
Diphthong. -- Improper feud, an
original feud, not earned by military service. Mozley &
W. -- Improper fraction. See under
Fraction.
Im*prop"er, v. t. To appropriate;
to limit. [Obs.]
He would in like manner improper and inclose
the sunbeams to comfort the rich and not the poor.
Jewel.
Im*prop`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
improperare, improperatum, to taunt.] The act of
upbraiding or taunting; a reproach; a taunt. [Obs.]
Improperatios and terms of
scurrility.
Sir T. Browne
||Im`pro*pe"ri*a (?), n. pl. [L.,
reproaches.] (Mus.) A series of antiphons and responses,
expressing the sorrowful remonstrance of our Lord with his people; --
sung on the morning of the Good Friday in place of the usual daily
Mass of the Roman ritual. Grove.
Im*prop"er*ly (?), adv. In an
improper manner; not properly; unsuitably; unbecomingly.
Im*prop"er*ty (?), n.
Impropriety. [Obs.]
Im`pro*pi"tious (?), a.
Unpropitious; unfavorable. [Obs.] "Dreams were
impropitious." Sir H. Wotton.
Im`pro*por"tion*a*ble (?), a. Not
proportionable. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
Im`pro*por"tion*ate (?), a. Not
proportionate. [Obs.]
Im*pro"pri*ate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Impropriated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impropriating (?).] [Pref. im- in + L.
propriatus, p. p. of propriare to appropriate. See
Appropriate.] 1. To appropriate to one's
self; to assume. [Obs.]
To impropriate the thanks to
himself.
Bacon.
2. (Eng. Eccl. Law) To place the
profits of (ecclesiastical property) in the hands of a layman for
care and disbursement.
Im*pro"pri*ate, v. i. To become an
impropriator. [R.]
Im*pro"pri*ate (?), a. (Eng. Eccl.
Law) Put into the hands of a layman; impropriated.
Im*pro`pri*a"tion (?), n.
1. The act of impropriating; as, the
impropriation of property or tithes; also, that which is
impropriated.
2. (Eng. Eccl. Law) (a)
The act of putting an ecclesiastical benefice in the hands of a
layman, or lay corporation. (b) A benefice
in the hands of a layman, or of a lay corporation.
Im*pro"pri*a`tor (?), n. One who
impropriates; specifically, a layman in possession of church
property.
Im*pro`pri*a"trix (?), n.; pl.
E. -trixes, L. -trices (&?;).
A female impropriator.
Im`pro*pri"e*ty (?), n.; pl.
Improprieties (#). [L. improprietas; cf. F.
impropriété. See Improper.]
1. The quality of being improper; unfitness or
unsuitableness to character, time place, or circumstances; as,
impropriety of behavior or manners.
2. That which is improper; an unsuitable or
improper act, or an inaccurate use of language.
But every language has likewise its
improprieties and absurdities.
Johnson.
Many gross improprieties, however authorized by
practice, ought to be discarded.
Swift.
Im`pros*per"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
improspérité.] Want of prosperity.
[Obs.]
Im*pros"per*ous (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + prosperous: cf. F. improspère, L.
improsper.] Not prosperous. [Obs.] Dryden. -
- Im*pros"per*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.] --
Im*pros"per*ous*ness, n. [Obs.]
Im*prov`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being improvable; improvableness.
Im*prov"a*ble (?), a. [From
Improve.] 1. Capable of being improved;
susceptible of improvement; admitting of being made better; capable
of cultivation, or of being advanced in good qualities.
Man is accommodated with moral principles,
improvable by the exercise of his faculties.
Sir M. Hale.
I have a fine spread of improvable
lands.
Addison.
2. Capable of being used to advantage;
profitable; serviceable; advantageous.
The essays of weaker heads afford improvable
hints to better.
Sir T. Browne.
-- Im*pro"a*ble*ness, n. --
Im*prov"a*bly, adv.
Im*prove" (?), v. t. [Pref. im-
not + prove: cf. L. improbare, F. improuver.]
1. To disprove or make void; to refute.
[Obs.]
Neither can any of them make so strong a reason which
another can not improve.
Tyndale.
2. To disapprove; to find fault with; to
reprove; to censure; as, to improve negligence. [Obs.]
Chapman.
When he rehearsed his preachings and his doing unto
the high apostles, they could improve nothing.
Tyndale.
Im*prove", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Improved (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Improving.] [Pref. in- in + prove, in
approve. See Approve, Prove.]
1. To make better; to increase the value or good
qualities of; to ameliorate by care or cultivation; as, to
improve land. Donne.
I love not to improve the honor of the living
by impairing that of the dead.
Denham.
2. To use or employ to good purpose; to make
productive; to turn to profitable account; to utilize; as, to
improve one's time; to improve his means.
Shak.
We shall especially honor God by improving
diligently the talents which God hath committed to us.
Barrow.
A hint that I do not remember to have seen opened and
improved.
Addison.
The court seldom fails to improve the
opportunity.
Blackstone.
How doth the little busy bee
Improve each shining hour.
I. Watts.
Those moments were diligently
improved.
Gibbon.
True policy, as well as good faith, in my opinion,
binds us to improve the occasion.
Washington.
3. To advance or increase by use; to augment
or add to; -- said with reference to what is bad. [R.]
We all have, I fear, . . . not a little
improved the wretched inheritance of our
ancestors.
Bp. Porteus.
Syn. -- To better; meliorate; ameliorate; advance;
heighten; mend; correct; rectify; amend; reform.
Im*prove", v. i. 1.
To grow better; to advance or make progress in what is
desirable; to make or show improvement; as, to improve in
health.
We take care to improve in our frugality and
diligence.
Atterbury.
2. To advance or progress in bad qualities;
to grow worse. "Domitian improved in cruelty."
Milner.
3. To increase; to be enhanced; to rise in
value; as, the price of cotton improves.
To improve on or upon, to
make useful additions or amendments to, or changes in; to bring
nearer to perfection; as, to improve on the mode of
tillage.
Im*prove"ment (?), n.
1. The act of improving; advancement or growth;
promotion in desirable qualities; progress toward what is better;
melioration; as, the improvement of the mind, of land, roads,
etc.
I look upon your city as the best place of
improvement.
South.
Exercise is the chief source of improvement in
all our faculties.
Blair.
2. The act of making profitable use or
applicaton of anything, or the state of being profitably employed; a
turning to good account; practical application, as of a doctrine,
principle, or theory, stated in a discourse. "A good
improvement of his reason." S. Clarke.
I shall make some improvement of this
doctrine.
Tillotson.
3. The state of being improved; betterment;
advance; also, that which is improved; as, the new edition is an
improvement on the old.
The parts of Sinon, Camilla, and some few others, are
improvements on the Greek poet.
Addison.
4. Increase; growth; progress;
advance.
There is a design of publishing the history of
architecture, with its several improvements and
decays.
Addison.
Those vices which more particularly receive
improvement by prosperity.
South.
5. pl. Valuable additions or
betterments, as buildings, clearings, drains, fences, etc., on
premises.
6. (Patent Laws) A useful addition to,
or modification of, a machine, manufacture, or composition.
Kent.
Im*prov"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, improves.
Im`pro*vid"ed (?), a. Unforeseen;
unexpected; not provided against; unprepared. [Obs.]
All improvided for dread of death.
E. Hall.
Im*prov"i*dence (?), n. [L.
improvidentia; OF. improvidence. Cf.
Imprudence.] The quality of being improvident; want of
foresight or thrift.
The improvidence of my neighbor must not make
me inhuman.
L'Estrange.
Im*prov"i*dent (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + provident: cf. L. improvidus. See
Provident, and cf. Imprudent.] Not provident;
wanting foresight or forethought; not foreseeing or providing for the
future; negligent; thoughtless; as, an improvident
man.
Improvident soldiers! had your watch been
good,
This sudden mischief never could have fallen.
Shak.
Syn. -- Inconsiderable; negligent; careless; shiftless;
prodigal; wasteful.
Im*prov`i*den"tial*ly (?), adv.
Improvidently. [R.]
Im*prov"i*dent*ly (?), adv. In a
improvident manner. "Improvidently rash."
Drayton.
Im*prov"ing (?), a. Tending to
improve, beneficial; growing better. --
Im*prov"ing*ly, adv.
Improving lease (Scots Law), an
extended lease to induce the tenant to make improvements on the
premises.
Im*prov"i*sate (?), a. [See
Improvise.] Unpremeditated; impromptu; extempore.
[R.]
Im*prov"i*sate (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Improvisated (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Improvisating (?).] To improvise;
to extemporize.
Im*prov`i*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
improvisation.] 1. The act or art of
composing and rendering music, poetry, and the like,
extemporaneously; as, improvisation on the organ.
2. That which is improvised; an
impromptu.
Im`pro*vis"a*tize (?), v. t. & i.
Same as Improvisate.
Im*prov"i*sa`tor (?), n. An
improviser, or improvvisatore.
||Im`pro*vi`sa*to"re (?), n. See
Improvvisatore.
{ Im*prov`i*sa*to"ri*al (?), Im*prov"i*sa*to*ry
(?), } a. Of or pertaining to improvisation or
extemporaneous composition.
||Im`pro*vi`sa*tri"ce (?), n. See
Improvvisatrice.
Im`pro*vise" (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Improvised (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Improvising.] [F. improviser, it.
improvvisare, fr. improvviso unprovided, sudden,
extempore, L. improvisus; pref. im- not +
provisus foreseen, provided. See Proviso.]
1. To compose, recite, or sing extemporaneously,
especially in verse; to extemporize; also, to play upon an
instrument, or to act, extemporaneously.
2. To bring about, arrange, or make, on a
sudden, or without previous preparation.
Charles attempted to improvise a
peace.
Motley.
3. To invent, or provide, offhand, or on the
spur of the moment; as, he improvised a hammer out of a
stone.
Im`pro*vise", v. i. To produce or
render extemporaneous compositions, especially in verse or in music,
without previous preparation; hence, to do anything
offhand.
Im`pro*vis"er (?), n. One who
improvises.
Im`pro*vi"sion (?), n. [Pref. im-
not + provision.] Improvidence. [Obs.] Sir
T. Browne.
Im`pro*vi"so (?), a. [L.
improvisus unforeseen; cf. It. improvviso.] Not
prepared or mediated beforehand; extemporaneous. [Obs.]
Jonhson.
||Im`prov*vi`sa*to"re (?), n.;
pl. Improvvisatori (#). [It. See
Improvise.] One who composes and sings or recites rhymes
and short poems extemporaneously. [Written also
improvisatore.]
||Im`prov*vi`sa*tri"ce (?), n.;
pl. Improvvisatrici (#). [It. See
Improvise.] A female improvvisatore. [Written also
improvisatrice.]
Im*pru"dence (?), n. [L.
imprudentia: cf. F. imprudence. Cf.
Improvidence.] The quality or state of being imprudent;
want to caution, circumspection, or a due regard to consequences;
indiscretion; inconsideration; rashness; also, an imprudent act; as,
he was guilty of an imprudence.
His serenity was interrupted, perhaps, by his own
imprudence.
Mickle.
Im*pru"dent (?), a. [L.
imprudens; pref. im- not + prudens prudent: cf.
F. imprudent. See Prudent, and cf. Improvident.]
Not prudent; wanting in prudence or discretion; indiscreet;
injudicious; not attentive to consequence; improper. --
Im*pru"dent*ly, adv.
Her majesty took a great dislike at the
imprudent behavior of many of the ministers and
readers.
Strype.
Syn. -- Indiscreet; injudicious; incautious; ill-advised;
unwise; heedless; careless; rash; negligent.
Im*pu"ber*al (&ibreve;m*pū"b&etilde;r*al),
a. Not having arrived at puberty;
immature.
In impuberal animals the cerebellum is, in
proportion to the brain proper, greatly less than in
adults.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Im*pu"ber*ty (-t&ybreve;), n. The
condition of not having reached puberty, or the age of ability to
reproduce one's species; want of age at which the marriage contract
can be legally entered into.
Im"pu*dence (&ibreve;m"p&usl;*dens),
n. [L. impudentia: cf. F. impudence.
See Impudent.] The quality of being impudent; assurance,
accompanied with a disregard of the presence or opinions of others;
shamelessness; forwardness; want of modesty.
Clear truths that their own evidence forces us to
admit, or common experience makes it impudence to
deny.
Locke.
Where pride and impudence (in fashion knit)
Usurp the chair of wit.
B. Jonson.
Syn. -- Shamelessness; audacity; insolence; effrontery;
sauciness; impertinence; pertness; rudeness. -- Impudence,
Effrontery, Sauciness. Impudence refers more
especially to the feelings as manifested in action. Effrontery
applies to some gross and public exhibition of shamelessness.
Sauciness refers to a sudden pert outbreak of impudence,
especially from an inferior. Impudence is an unblushing kind
of impertinence, and may be manifested in words, tones, gestures,
looks, etc. Effrontery rises still higher, and shows a total
or shameless disregard of duty or decorum under the circumstances of
the case. Sauciness discovers itself toward particular
individuals, in certain relations; as in the case of servants who are
saucy to their masters, or children who are saucy to their teachers.
See Impertinent, and Insolent.
Im"pu*den*cy (?), n.
Impudence. [Obs.] Burton.
Audacious without impudency.
Shak.
Im"pu*dent (?), a. [L. impudens,
-entis; pref. im- not + pudens ashamed, modest,
p. pr. of pudere to feel shame: cf. F. impudent.]
Bold, with contempt or disregard; unblushingly forward;
impertinent; wanting modesty; shameless; saucy.
More than impudent sauciness.
Shak.
When we behold an angel, not to fear
Is to be impudent.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Shameless; audacious; brazen; bold-faced; pert;
immodest; rude; saucy; impertinent; insolent.
Im"pu*dent*ly, adv. In an impudent
manner; with unbecoming assurance; shamelessly.
At once assail
With open mouths, and impudently rail.
Sandys.
Im`pu*dic"i*ty (?), n. [L.
impudicus immodest; im- not + pudicus
shamefaced, modest: cf. F. impudicité, L.
impudicitia.] Immodesty. Sheldon.
Im*pugn" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Impugned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Impugning.] [OE. impugnen, F. impugner, fr. L.
impugnare; in on, against + pugnare to flight.
See Pugnacious.] To attack by words or arguments; to
contradict; to assail; to call in question; to make insinuations
against; to gainsay; to oppose.
The truth hereof I will not rashly impugn, or
overboldly affirm.
Peacham.
Im*pugn"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being impugned; that may be gainsaid.
Im`pug*na"tion (?), n. [L.
impugnatio: cf. OF. impugnation.] Act of
impugning; opposition; attack. [Obs.]
A perpetual impugnation and self-
conflict.
Bp. Hall.
Im*pugn"er (?), n. One who
impugns.
Im*pugn"ment (?), n. The act of
impugning, or the state of being impugned. Ed. Rev.
Im*pu"is*sance (?), n. [Cf. F.
impuissance.] Lack of power; inability.
Bacon.
Their own impuissance and
weakness.
Holland.
Im*pu"is*sant (?), a. [F., fr. pref.
im- not + puissant. See Puissant.] Weak;
impotent; feeble.
Im"pulse (?), n. [L. impulsus,
fr. impellere. See Impel.]
1. The act of impelling, or driving onward
with sudden force; impulsion; especially, force so communicated as to
produced motion suddenly, or immediately.
All spontaneous animal motion is performed by
mechanical impulse.
S. Clarke.
2. The effect of an impelling force; motion
produced by a sudden or momentary force.
3. (Mech.) The action of a force
during a very small interval of time; the effect of such action; as,
the impulse of a sudden blow upon a hard elastic
body.
4. A mental force which simply and directly
urges to action; hasty inclination; sudden motive; momentary or
transient influence of appetite or passion; propension; incitement;
as, a man of good impulses; passion often gives a violent
impulse to the will.
These were my natural impulses for the
undertaking.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Force; incentive; influence; motive; feeling;
incitement; instigation.
Im*pulse" (?), v. t. [See
Impel.] To impel; to incite. [Obs.]
Pope.
Im*pul"sion (?), n. [L.
impulsio: cf. F. impulsion. See Impel.]
1. The act of impelling or driving onward, or
the state of being impelled; the sudden or momentary agency of a body
in motion on another body; also, the impelling force, or
impulse. "The impulsion of the air." Bacon.
2. Influence acting unexpectedly or
temporarily on the mind; sudden motive or influence; impulse.
"The impulsion of conscience." Clarendon. "Divine
impulsion prompting." Milton.
Im*pul"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
impulsif.]
1. Having the power of driving or impelling;
giving an impulse; moving; impellent.
Poor men! poor papers! We and they
Do some impulsive force obey.
Prior.
2. Actuated by impulse or by transient
feelings.
My heart, impulsive and wayward.
Longfellow.
3. (Mech.) Acting momentarily, or by
impulse; not continuous; -- said of forces.
Im*pul"sive (?), n. That which
impels or gives an impulse; an impelling agent. Sir W.
Wotton.
Im*pul"sive*ly, adv. In an
impulsive manner.
Im*pul"sive*ness, n. The quality
of being impulsive.
Im*pul"sor (?), n. [L.] One who,
or that which, impels; an inciter. [R.] Sir T.
Browne.
Im*punc"tate (?), a. Not punctate
or dotted.
Im*punc"tu*al (?), a. [Pref. im-
not + punctual: cf. F. imponctuel.] Not
punctual. [R.]
Im*punc`tu*al"i*ty (?), n. Neglect
of, or failure in, punctuality. [R.] A. Hamilton.
Im*pune" (?), a. [L. impunis.]
Unpunished. [R.]
Im*pu"ni*bly (?), adv. Without
punishment; with impunity. [Obs.] J. Ellis.
Im*pu"ni*ty (?), n. [L.
impunitas, fr. impunis without punishment; pref. im-
not + poena punishment: cf. F. impunité.
See Pain.] Exemption or freedom from punishment, harm, or
loss.
Heaven, though slow to wrath,
Is never with impunity defied.
Cowper.
The impunity and also the
recompense.
Holland.
Im`pu*ra"tion (?), n. Defilement;
obscuration. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Im*pure" (?), a. [L. impurus;
pref. im- not + purus pure: cf. F. impur. See
Pure.]
1. Not pure; not clean; dirty; foul; filthy;
containing something which is unclean or unwholesome; mixed or
impregnated extraneous substances; adulterated; as, impure
water or air; impure drugs, food, etc.
2. Defiled by sin or guilt; unholy;
unhallowed; -- said of persons or things.
3. Unchaste; lewd; unclean; obscene; as,
impure language or ideas. "Impure desires."
Cowper.
4. (Script.) Not purified according to
the ceremonial law of Moses; unclean.
5. (Language) Not accurate; not
idiomatic; as, impure Latin; an impure style.
Im*pure", v. t. To defile; to
pollute. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
Im*pure"ly, adv. In an impure
manner.
Im*pure"ness, n. The quality or
condition of being impure; impurity. Milton.
Im*pu"ri*ty (?), n.; pl.
Impurities (#). [L. impuritas: cf. F.
impureté.]
1. The condition or quality of being impure
in any sense; defilement; foulness; adulteration.
Profaneness, impurity, or scandal, is not
wit.
Buckminster.
2. That which is, or which renders anything,
impure; foul matter, action, language, etc.; a foreign
ingredient.
Foul impurities reigned among the monkish
clergy.
Atterbury.
3. (Script.) Want of ceremonial
purity; defilement.
Im*pur"ple (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Impurpled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Impurpling (?).] [Pref. im- in +
purple. Cf. Empurple.] To color or tinge with
purple; to make red or reddish; to purple; as, a field
impurpled with blood.
Impurpled with celestial roses,
smiled.
Milton.
The silken fleece impurpled for the
loom.
Pope.
Im*put`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being imputable; imputableness.
Im*put"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
imputable.]
1. That may be imputed; capable of being
imputed; chargeable; ascribable; attributable; referable.
A prince whose political vices, at least, were
imputable to mental incapacity.
Prescott.
2. Accusable; culpable. [R.]
The fault lies at his door, and she is no wise
imputable.
Ayliffe.
Im*put"a*ble*ness, n. Quality of
being imputable.
Im*put"a*bly, adv. By
imputation.
Im`pu*ta"tion (?), [L. imputatio an account, a
charge: cf. F. imputation.]
1. The act of imputing or charging;
attribution; ascription; also, anything imputed or charged.
Shylock. Antonio is a good man.
Bassanio. Have you heard any imputation to the
contrary?
Shak.
If I had a suit to Master Shallow, I would humor his
men with the imputation of being near their
master.
Shak.
2. Charge or attribution of evil; censure;
reproach; insinuation.
Let us be careful to guard ourselves against these
groundless imputation of our enemies.
Addison.
3. (Theol.) A setting of something to
the account of; the attribution of personal guilt or personal
righteousness of another; as, the imputation of the sin of
Adam, or the righteousness of Christ.
4. Opinion; intimation; hint.
Im*put"a*tive (?), a. [L.
imputativus: cf. F. imputatif.] Transferred by
imputation; that may be imputed. -- Im*put"a*tive*ly,
adv.
Actual righteousness as well as
imputative.
Bp. Warburton.
Im*pute" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Imputed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Imputing.] [F. imputer, L. imputare to bring
into the reckoning, charge, impute; pref. im- in +
putare to reckon, think. See Putative.]
1. To charge; to ascribe; to attribute; to
set to the account of; to charge to one as the author, responsible
originator, or possessor; -- generally in a bad sense.
Nor you, ye proud, impute to these the
fault,
If memory o'er their tomb no trophies raise.
Gray.
One vice of a darker shade was imputed to him -
- envy.
Macaulay.
2. (Theol.) To adjudge as one's own
(the sin or righteousness) of another; as, the righteousness of
Christ is imputed to us.
It was imputed to him for
righteousness.
Rom. iv. 22.
They merit
Imputed shall absolve them who renounce
Their own, both righteous and unrighteous deeds.
Milton.
3. To take account of; to consider; to
regard. [R.]
If we impute this last humiliation as the cause
of his death.
Gibbon.
Syn. -- To ascribe; attribute; charge; reckon; consider;
imply; insinuate; refer. See Ascribe.
Im*put"er (?), n. One who
imputes.
Im`pu*tres"ci*ble (?), a. [Pref. im-
+ putrescible: cf. F. imputrescible.] Not
putrescible.
Im"righ (?), n. [Scot.; Gael. eun-
bhrigh chicken soup.] A peculiar strong soup or broth, made
in Scotland. [Written also imrich.]
In- (?). [See In, prep. Cf.
Em-, En-.] A prefix from Eng. prep. in,
also from Lat. prep. in, meaning in, into,
on, among; as, inbred, inborn,
inroad; incline, inject, intrude. In
words from the Latin, in- regularly becomes il- before
l, ir- before r, and im- before a labial;
as, illusion, irruption, imblue,
immigrate, impart. In- is sometimes used with an
simple intensive force.
In- (?). [L. in-; akin to E. un-. See
Un-.] An inseparable prefix, or particle, meaning
not, non-, un- as, inactive,
incapable, inapt. In- regularly becomes il-
before l, ir- before r, and im-
before a labial.
-in. A suffix. See the Note under -
ine.
In, prep. [AS. in; akin to D. &
G. in, Icel. ī, Sw. & Dan. i, OIr. & L.
in, Gr. 'en. √197. Cf. 1st In-,
Inn.] The specific signification of in is
situation or place with respect to surrounding, environment,
encompassment, etc. It is used with verbs signifying being, resting,
or moving within limits, or within circumstances or conditions of any
kind conceived of as limiting, confining, or investing, either wholly
or in part. In its different applications, it approaches some of the
meanings of, and sometimes is interchangeable with, within,
into, on, at, of, and among.
It is used: --
1. With reference to space or place; as, he
lives in Boston; he traveled in Italy; castles
in the air.
The babe lying in a manger.
Luke ii. 16.
Thy sun sets weeping in the lowly
west.
Shak.
Situated in the forty-first degree of
latitude.
Gibbon.
Matter for censure in every page.
Macaulay.
2. With reference to circumstances or
conditions; as, he is in difficulties; she stood in a
blaze of light. "Fettered in amorous chains."
Shak.
Wrapt in sweet sounds, as in bright
veils.
Shelley.
3. With reference to a whole which includes
or comprises the part spoken of; as, the first in his family;
the first regiment in the army.
Nine in ten of those who enter the
ministry.
Swift.
4. With reference to physical surrounding,
personal states, etc., abstractly denoted; as, I am in doubt;
the room is in darkness; to live in fear.
When shall we three meet again,
In thunder, lightning, or in rain?
Shak.
5. With reference to character, reach, scope,
or influence considered as establishing a limitation; as, to be
in one's favor. "In sight of God's high throne."
Milton.
Sounds inharmonious in themselves, and
harsh.
Cowper.
6. With reference to movement or tendency
toward a certain limit or environment; -- sometimes equivalent to
into; as, to put seed in the ground; to fall in
love; to end in death; to put our trust in
God.
He would not plunge his brother in
despair.
Addison.
She had no jewels to deposit in their
caskets.
Fielding.
7. With reference to a limit of time; as,
in an hour; it happened in the last century; in
all my life.
In as much as, or Inasmuch as,
in the degree that; in like manner as; in consideration that;
because that; since. See Synonym of Because, and cf.
For as much as, under For, prep.
-- In that, because; for the reason that.
"Some things they do in that they are men . . . ; some things
in that they are men misled and blinded with error."
Hooker. -- In the name of, in behalf of;
on the part of; by authority; as, it was done in the name of
the people; -- often used in invocation, swearing, praying, and the
like. -- To be in for it. (a)
To be in favor of a thing; to be committed to a course.
(b) To be unable to escape from a danger,
penalty, etc. [Colloq.] -- To be (or
keep) in with.
(a) To be close or near; as, to keep a
ship in with the land. (b) To be on
terms of friendship, familiarity, or intimacy with; to secure and
retain the favor of. [Colloq.]
Syn. -- Into; within; on; at. See At.
In, adv. 1. Not
out; within; inside. In, the preposition, becomes an adverb by
omission of its object, leaving it as the representative of an
adverbial phrase, the context indicating what the omitted object is;
as, he takes in the situation (i. e., he comprehends it
in his mind); the Republicans were in (i. e.,
in office); in at one ear and out at the other (i.
e., in or into the head); his side was in
(i. e., in the turn at the bat); he came in
(i. e., into the house).
Their vacation . . . falls in so pat with
ours.
Lamb.
&fist; The sails of a vessel are said, in nautical language, to be
in when they are furled, or when stowed.
In certain cases in has an adjectival sense; as, the
in train (i. e., the incoming train); compare up
grade, down grade, undertow, afterthought,
etc.
2. (Law) With privilege or possession;
-- used to denote a holding, possession, or seisin; as, in by
descent; in by purchase; in of the seisin of her
husband. Burrill.
In and in breeding. See under
Breeding. -- In and out (Naut.),
through and through; -- said of a through bolt in a ship's
side. Knight. -- To be in, to be at
home; as, Mrs. A. is in. -- To come in.
See under Come.
In, n. [Usually in the plural.]
1. One who is in office; -- the opposite of
out.
2. A reëntrant angle; a nook or
corner.
Ins and outs, nooks and corners; twists and
turns.
All the ins and outs of this
neighborhood.
D. Jerrold.
In (?), v. t. To inclose; to take
in; to harvest. [Obs.]
He that ears my land spares my team and gives me leave
to in the crop.
Shak.
In`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + ability: cf. F. inhabileté. See
Able, and cf. Unable.] The quality or state of
being unable; lack of ability; want of sufficient power, strength,
resources, or capacity.
It is not from an inability to discover what
they ought to do, that men err in practice.
Blair.
Syn. -- Impotence; incapacity; incompetence; weakness;
powerlessness; incapability. See Disability.
In*a"ble (?), v. t. See
Enable.
In*a"ble*ment (?), n. See
Enablement. [Obs.]
In*ab"sti*nence (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + abstinence: cf. F. inabstinence.] Want
of abstinence; indulgence. [Obs.] "The inabstinence of
Eve." Milton.
In`ab*stract"ed (?), a. Not
abstracted.
In`a*bu"sive*ly (?), adv. Without
abuse.
In`ac*cess`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inaccessibilité.] The quality or state of being
inaccessible; inaccessibleness. "The inaccessibility of
the precipice." Bp. Butler.
In`ac*cess"i*ble (?), a. [L.
inaccessibilis: cf. F. inaccessible. See In-
not, and Accessible.] Not accessible; not to be reached,
obtained, or approached; as, an inaccessible rock, fortress,
document, prince, etc. -- In`ac*cess"i*ble*ness,
n. -- In`ac*cess"i*bly,
adv.
In`ac*cord"ant (?), a. Not
accordant; discordant.
In*ac"cu*ra*cy (?), n.; pl.
Inaccuracies (&?;).
1. The quality of being inaccurate; want of
accuracy or exactness.
2. That which is inaccurate or incorrect;
mistake; fault; defect; error; as, in inaccuracy in speech,
copying, calculation, etc.
In*ac"cu*rate (?), a. Not
accurate; not according to truth; inexact; incorrect; erroneous; as,
in inaccurate man, narration, copy, judgment, calculation,
etc.
The expression is plainly
inaccurate.
Bp. Hurd.
Syn. -- Inexact; incorrect; erroneous; faulty; imperfect;
incomplete; defective.
In*ac"cu*rate*ly, adv. In an
inaccurate manner; incorrectly; inexactly.
In`ac*quaint"ance (?), a. Want of
acquaintance. Good.
In*ac`qui*es"cent (?), a. Not
acquiescent or acquiescing.
In*ac"tion (?), n. [Pref. in.
not + action: cf. inaction.] Want of action or
activity; forbearance from labor; idleness; rest; inertness.
Berkeley.
In*ac"tive (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + active: cf. F. inactif.]
1. Not active; having no power to move; that
does not or can not produce results; inert; as, matter is, of itself,
inactive.
2. Not disposed to action or effort; not
diligent or industrious; not busy; idle; as, an inactive
officer.
3. (Chem. & Opt.) Not active; inert;
esp., not exhibiting any action or activity on polarized light;
optically neutral; -- said of isomeric forms of certain substances,
in distinction from other forms which are optically active; as,
racemic acid is an inactive tartaric acid.
Syn. -- Inert; dull; sluggish; idle; indolent; slothful;
lazy. See Inert.
In*ac"tive*ly, adv. In an inactive
manner. Locke.
In`ac*tiv"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inactivité.]
1. The state or quality of being inactive;
inertness; as, the inactivity of matter.
2. Idleness; habitual indisposition to action
or exertion; want of energy; sluggishness.
The gloomy inactivity of despair.
Cook.
In*ac"tose (?), n. (Chem.)
A variety of sugar, found in certain plants. It is optically
inactive.
In*ac"tu*ate (?), v. t. To put in
action. [Obs.]
In*ac`tu*a"tion (?), n.
Operation. [Obs.]
In*ad`ap*ta"tion (?), n. Want of
adaptation; unsuitableness.
In*ad"e*qua*cy (?), n. [From
Inadequate.] The quality or state of being inadequate or
insufficient; defectiveness; insufficiency; inadequateness.
The inadequacy and consequent inefficacy of the
alleged causes.
Dr. T. Dwight.
In*ad"e*quate (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + adequate: cf. F. inadéquat.] Not
adequate; unequal to the purpose; insufficient; deficient; as,
inadequate resources, power, conceptions, representations,
etc. Dryden.
-- In*ad"e*quate*ly, adv. --
In*ad"e*quate*ness, n.
In*ad`e*qua"tion (?), n. Want of
exact correspondence. [Obs.] Puller.
In`ad*her"ent (?), a.
1. Not adhering.
2. (Bot.) Free; not connected with the
other organs.
In`ad*he"sion (?), n. Want of
adhesion.
In`ad*mis`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inadmissibilité.] The state or quality of being
inadmissible, or not to be received.
In`ad*mis"si*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + admissible: cf. F. inadmissible.] Not
admissible; not proper to be admitted, allowed, or received; as,
inadmissible testimony; an inadmissible proposition, or
explanation. -- In`ad*mis"si*bly,
adv.
{ In`ad*vert"ence (?); pl. -ces
(&?;), In`ad*vert"en*cy (?); pl. -
cies (&?;), } n. [Cf. F.
inadvertance.]
1. The quality of being inadvertent; lack of
heedfulness or attentiveness; inattention; negligence; as, many
mistakes proceed from inadvertence.
Inadvertency, or want of attendance to the
sense and intention of our prayers.
Jer.
Taylor.
2. An effect of inattention; a result of
carelessness; an oversight, mistake, or fault from
negligence.
The productions of a great genius, with many lapses an
inadvertencies, are infinitely preferable to works of an
inferior kind of author which are scrupulously exact.
Addison.
Syn. -- Inattention; heedlessness; carelessness;
negligence; thoughtlessness. See Inattention.
In`ad*vert"ent (?), a. [Cf. F.
inadvertant. See 2d In-, and Advert.] Not
turning the mind to a matter; heedless; careless; negligent;
inattentive.
An inadvertent step may crush the snail
That crawls at evening in the public path.
Cowper.
-- In`ad*vert"ent*ly, adv.
In`ad*vis"a*ble (?), a. Not
advisable. -- In`ad*vis"a*ble*ness,
n.
In*af`fa*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inaffabilité.] Want of affability or sociability;
reticence.
In*af"fa*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + affable.] Not affable; reserved in social
intercourse.
In*af`fec*ta"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + affectation: cf. F. inaffectation.]
Freedom from affectation; naturalness. [R.]
In`af*fect"ed (?), a.
Unaffected. [Obs.] -- In`af*fect"ed*ly,
adv. [Obs.]
In*aid"a*ble (?), a. Incapable of
being assisted; helpless. [R.] Shak.
In*al`ien*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being inalienable.
In*al"ien*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + alienable: cf. F. inaliénable.]
Incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred to
another; not alienable; as, in inalienable
birthright.
In*al"ien*a*ble*ness, n. The
quality or state of being inalienable; inalienability.
In*al"ien*a*bly, adv. In a manner
that forbids alienation; as, rights inalienably
vested.
In*al`i*men"tal (?), a. Affording
no aliment or nourishment. [Obs.] Bacon.
In*al`ter*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inaltérabilité.] The quality of being
unalterable or unchangeable; permanence.
In*al"ter*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + alterable: cf. F. inaltérable.]
Not alterable; incapable of being altered or changed;
unalterable. -- In*al"ter*a*ble*ness,
n. -- In*al"ter*a*bly,
adv.
In*a"mi*a*ble (?), a.
Unamiable. [Obs.] -- In*a"mi*a*ble*ness,
n. [Obs.]
In`a*mis"si*ble (?), a. [L.
inamissibilis: cf. F. inamissible.] Incapable of
being lost. [R.] Hammond. --
In`a*mis"si*ble*ness, n. [R.]
In*a`mo*ra"ta (?), n. [It.
innamorata, fem., innamorato, masc., p. p. of
innamorare to inspire with love. See Enamor.] A
woman in love; a mistress. "The fair inamorata."
Sherburne.
In*am"o*rate (?), a.
Enamored. Chapman. -- In*am"o*rate*ly,
adv. [R.]
||In*a`mo*ra"to (?), n.; pl.
Inamoratos (#). [See Inamorata.] A male
lover.
In`a*mov"a*ble (?), a. Not
amovable or removable. [R.] Palgrave.
In"-and-in" (?), n. An old game
played with four dice. In signified a doublet, or two dice
alike; in-and-in, either two doubles, or the four dice
alike.
In and in, a. & adv. Applied to
breeding from a male and female of the same parentage. See under
Breeding.
In*ane" (?), a. [L. inanis.]
Without contents; empty; void of sense or intelligence;
purposeless; pointless; characterless; useless. "Vague and
inane instincts." I. Taylor. -- In*ane"ly,
adv.
In*ane", n. That which is void or
empty. [R.]
The undistinguishable inane of infinite
space.
Locke.
In*an"gu*lar (?), a. Not
angular. [Obs.]
{ In`a*nil"o*quent (?), In`a*nil"o*quous (?), }
a. [L. inanis empty + loqui to
speak.] Given to talking inanely; loquacious; garrulous.
[R.]
In*an"i*mate (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in (or intensively) + animate.] To animate.
[Obs.] Donne.
In*an"i*mate (?), a. [L.
inanimatus; pref. in- not + animatus animate.]
Not animate; destitute of life or spirit; lifeless; dead;
inactive; dull; as, stones and earth are inanimate
substances.
Grieving, if aught inanimate e'er
grieves.
Byron.
Syn. -- Lifeless; dead; inert; inactive; dull; soulless;
spiritless. See Lifeless.
In*an"i*ma`ted (?), a. Destitute
of life; lacking animation; unanimated. Pope.
In*an"i*mate*ness (?), n. The
quality or state of being inanimate.
The deadness and inanimateness of the
subject.
W. Montagu.
In*an`i*ma"tion (?), n. [See 2d
Inanimate.] Want of animation; lifeless;
dullness.
In*an`i*ma"tion, n. [See 1st
Inanimate.] Infusion of life or vigor; animation;
inspiration. [Obs.]
The inanimation of Christ living and breathing
within us.
Bp. Hall.
In`a*ni"ti*ate (?), v. t. To
produce inanition in; to exhaust for want of nourishment.
[R.]
In`a*ni`ti*a"tion (?), n.
Inanition. [R.]
In`a*ni"tion (?), n. [F.
inanition, L. inanitio emptiness, fr. inanire to
empty, fr. inanis empty. Cf. Inane.] The
condition of being inane; emptiness; want of fullness, as in the
vessels of the body; hence, specifically, exhaustion from want of
food, either from partial or complete starvation, or from a disorder
of the digestive apparatus, producing the same result.
Feeble from inanition, inert from
weariness.
Landor.
Repletion and inanition may both do harm in two
contrary extremes.
Burton.
In*an"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Inanities (#). [L. inanitas, fr.
inanis empty: cf. F. inanité. See
Inane.]
1. Inanition; void space; vacuity;
emptiness.
2. Want of seriousness; aimlessness;
frivolity.
3. An inane, useless thing or pursuit; a
vanity; a silly object; -- chiefly in pl.; as, the
inanities of the world.
In*an"ther*ate (?), a. (Bot.)
Not bearing anthers; -- said of sterile stamens.
||In an"tis (?). [L.] (Arch.) Between
antæ; -- said of a portico in classical style, where columns
are set between two antæ, forming the angles of the building.
See Anta.
In*ap"a*thy (?), n. Sensibility;
feeling; -- opposed to apathy. [R.]
In`ap*peal"a*ble (?), a. Not
admitting of appeal; not appealable. Coleridge.
In`ap*peas"a*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being appeased or satisfied; unappeasable.
In`ap*pel`la*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being inappellable; finality.
The inappellability of the
councils.
Coleridge.
In`ap*pel"la*ble (?), a.
Inappealable; final.
{ In*ap"pe*tence (?), In*ap"pe*ten*cy (?), }
n. [Pref. in- not + appetence: cf. F.
inappétence.] Want of appetency; want of
desire.
In*ap`pli*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inapplicabilité.] The quality of being
inapplicable; unfitness; inapplicableness.
In*ap"pli*ca*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + applicable.] Not applicable; incapable of
being applied; not adapted; not suitable; as, the argument is
inapplicable to the case. J. S. Mill.
Syn. -- Unsuitable; unsuited; unadapted; inappropriate;
inapposite; irrelevant.
-- In*ap"pli*ca*ble*ness, n. --
In*ap"pli*ca*bly, adv.
In*ap`pli*ca"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + application: cf. F. inapplication.]
Want of application, attention, or diligence; negligence;
indolence.
In*ap"po*site (?), a. Not
apposite; not fit or suitable; not pertinent. --
In*ap"po*site*ly, adv.
In`ap*pre"ci*a*ble (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + appreciable: cf. F.
inappréciable.] Not appreciable; too small to be
perceived; incapable of being duly valued or estimated.
Hallam.
In`ap*pre"ci*a"tion (?), n. Want
of appreciation.
In*ap`pre*hen"si*ble (?), a. [L.
inapprehensibilis: cf. F. inappréhensible.]
Not apprehensible; unintelligible; inconceivable.
Milton.
In*ap`pre*hen"sion (?), n. Want of
apprehension.
In*ap`pre*hen"sive (?), a. Not
apprehensive; regardless; unconcerned. Jer. Taylor.
In`ap*proach"a*ble (?), a. Not
approachable; unapproachable; inaccessible; unequaled. --
In`ap*proach"a*bly, adv.
In`ap*pro"pri*ate (?), a. Not
instrument (to); not appropriate; unbecoming; unsuitable; not
specially fitted; -- followed by to or for. --
In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ly, adv. --
In`ap*pro"pri*ate*ness, n.
In*apt" (?), a. [Pref. in- not +
apt: cf. F. inapte. Cf. Inept.] Unapt; not
apt; unsuitable; inept. -- In*apt"ly,
adv. -- In*apt"ness,
n.
In*apt"i*tude (?), n. [In- +
aptitude: cf. F. inaptitude. Cf. Ineptitude.]
Want of aptitude.
In*a"quate (?), a. [L.
inaquatus, p. p. of inaquare to make into water; pref.
in- in + aqua water.] Embodied in, or changed
into, water. [Obs.] Cranmer.
In`a*qua"tion (?), n. The state of
being inaquate. [Obs.] Bp. Gardiner.
In*ar"a*ble (?), a. Not
arable. [R.]
In*arch" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inarched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inarching.] To graft by uniting, as a scion, to a stock,
without separating either from its root before the union is complete;
-- also called to graft by approach. P.
Miler.
In*arch"ing, n. A method of
ingrafting. See Inarch.
In`ar*tic"u*late (?), a. [L.
inarticulatus; pref. in- not + articulatus
articulate.]
1. Not uttered with articulation or
intelligible distinctness, as speech or words.
Music which is inarticulate poesy.
Dryden.
2. (Zoöl.) (a)
Not jointed or articulated; having no distinct body segments;
as, an inarticulate worm. (b)
Without a hinge; -- said of an order (Inarticulata or
Ecardines) of brachiopods.
3. Incapable of articulating. [R.]
The poor earl, who is inarticulate with
palsy.
Walpole.
In`ar*tic"u*la`ted (?), a. Not
articulated; not jointed or connected by a joint.
In`ar*tic"u*late*ly (?), adv. In
an inarticulate manner. Hammond.
In`ar*tic"u*late*ness, n. The
state or quality of being inarticulate.
In`ar*tic`u*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
inarticulation.] Inarticulateness.
Chesterfield.
In*ar`ti*fi"cial (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + artificial: cf. F. inartificiel.] Not
artificial; not made or elaborated by art; natural; simple; artless;
as, an inartificial argument; an inartificial
character. -- In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ly,
adv. -- In*ar`ti*fi"cial*ness,
n.
In`as*much" (?), adv. [In +
as + much.] In like degree; in like manner; seeing
that; considering that; since; -- followed by as. See In as
much as, under In, prep.
Inasmuch as ye did it not to one of the least
of these, ye did it not to me.
Matt. xxv. 45.
Syn. -- Because; since; for; as. See Because.
In`at*ten"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + attention: cf. F. inattention.] Want of
attention, or failure to pay attention; disregard; heedlessness;
neglect.
Novel lays attract our ravished ears;
But old, the mind inattention hears.
Pope.
Syn. -- Inadvertence; heedlessness; negligence;
carelessness; disregard; remissness; thoughtlessness; neglect. --
Inattention, Inadvertence. We miss seeing a thing
through inadvertence when do not happen to look at it;
through inattention when we give no heed to it, though
directly before us. The latter is therefore the worse.
Inadvertence may be an involuntary accident;
inattention is culpable neglect. A versatile mind is often
inadvertent; a careless or stupid one is
inattentive.
In`at*ten"tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
inattentif.] Not attentive; not fixing the mind on an
object; heedless; careless; negligent; regardless; as, an
inattentive spectator or hearer; an inattentive
habit. I. Watts.
Syn. -- Careless; heedless; regardless; thoughtless;
negligent; remiss; inadvertent.
-- In`at*ten"tive*ly, adv. --
In`at*ten"tive*ness, n.
In*au`di*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being inaudible; inaudibleness.
In*au"di*ble (?), a. [L.
inaudibilis; pref. in- not + audire to hear: cf.
F. unaudible. See In- not, and Audible.]
Not audible; incapable of being heard; silent. --
In*au"di*ble*ness, n. --
In*au"di*bly, adv.
In*au"gur (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
inaugurer. See Inaugurate.] To inaugurate.
[Obs.] Latimer.
In*au"gu*ral (?), a. [Cf. F.
inaugural.] Pertaining to, or performed or pronounced at,
an inauguration; as, an inaugural address; the
inaugural exercises.
In*au"gu*ral, n. An inaugural
address. [U.S.]
In*au"gu*rate (?), a. [L.
inauguratus, p. p. of inaugurare to take omens from the
flight of birds (before entering upon any important undertaking);
hence, to consecrate, inaugurate, or install, with such divination;
pref. in- in + augurare, augurari, to augur. See
Augur.] Invested with office; inaugurated.
Drayton.
In*au"gu*rate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Inaugurated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Inaugurating (?).]
1. To introduce or induct into an office with
suitable ceremonies or solemnities; to invest with power or authority
in a formal manner; to install; as, to inaugurate a president;
to inaugurate a king. Milton.
2. To cause to begin, esp. with formality or
solemn ceremony; hence, to set in motion, action, or progress; to
initiate; -- used especially of something of dignity or worth or
public concern; as, to inaugurate a new era of things, new
methods, etc.
As if kings did choose remarkable days to
inaugurate their favors.
Sir H.
Wotton.
3. To celebrate the completion of, or the
first public use of; to dedicate, as a statue. [Colloq.]
4. To begin with good omens. [Obs.]
Sir H. Wotton.
In*au`gu*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
inauguratio a beginning: cf. F. inauguration.]
1. The act of inuagurating, or inducting into
office with solemnity; investiture by appropriate
ceremonies.
At his regal inauguration, his old father
resigned the kingdom to him.
Sir T. Browne.
2. The formal beginning or initiation of any
movement, course of action, etc.; as, the inauguration of a
new system, a new condition, etc.
In*au"gu*ra`tor (?), n. One who
inaugurates.
In*au"gu*ra*to*ry (?), a. Suitable
for, or pertaining to, inauguration. Johnson.
In*au"rate (?), a. [L.
inauratus, p. p. inaurare to gild; pref. in- in
+ aurum gold.] Covered with gold; gilded.
In*au"rate (?), v. t. To cover
with gold; to gild.
In`au*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
inauration.] The act or process of gilding or covering
with gold.
In*aus"pi*cate (?), a. [L.
inauspicatus; pref. in- not + auspicatus, p. p.
auspicari. See Auspicate.] Inauspicious.
[Obs.] Sir G. Buck.
In`aus*pi"cious (?), a. Not
auspicious; ill-omened; unfortunate; unlucky; unfavorable.
"Inauspicious stars." Shak. "Inauspicious love."
Dryden.
-- In`aus*pi"cious*ly, adv. --
In`aus*pi"cious*ness, n.
In`au*thor"i*ta*tive (?), a.
Without authority; not authoritative.
In"barge (?), v. t. & i. To
embark; to go or put into a barge. [Obs.] Drayton.
In"beam`ing (?), n. Shining
in. South.
In"be`ing (?), n. Inherence;
inherent existence. I. Watts.
In*bind" (?), v. t. To
inclose. [Obs.] Fairfax.
In"blown` (?), a. Blown in or
into. [Obs.]
In"board` (?), a. & adv.
1. (Naut.) Inside the line of a vessel's
bulwarks or hull; the opposite of outboard; as, an
inboard cargo; haul the boom inboard.
2. (Mech.) From without inward; toward
the inside; as, the inboard stroke of a steam engine piston,
the inward or return stroke.
In"born` (?), a. Born in or with;
implanted by nature; innate; as, inborn passions.
Cowper.
Syn. -- Innate; inherent; natural.
{ In"break` (?), In"break`ing, }
n. A breaking in; inroad; invasion.
In*breathe" (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Inbreathed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Inbreathing.] To infuse by breathing; to
inspire. Coleridge.
In"bred` (?), a. Bred within;
innate; as, inbred worth. "Inbred sentiments."
Burke.
In*breed" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inbred (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inbreeding.] [Cf. Imbreed.]
1. To produce or generate within.
Bp. Reynolds.
To inbreed and cherish . . . the seeds of
virtue.
Milton.
2. To breed in and in. See under
Breed, v. i.
In"burn`ing (?), a. Burning
within.
Her inburning wrath she gan abate.
Spenser.
In"burnt` (?), a. Burnt in;
ineffaceable.
Her inburnt, shamefaced thoughts.
P. Fletcher.
In"burst` (?), n. A bursting in or
into.
Inc (?), n. A Japanese measure of
length equal to about two and one twelfth yards. [Written also
ink.]
In"ca (?), n. (a)
An emperor or monarch of Peru before, or at the time of, the
Spanish conquest; any member of this royal dynasty, reputed to have
been descendants of the sun. (b) pl.
The people governed by the Incas, now represented by the Quichua
tribe.
Inca dove (Zoöl.), a small dove
(Scardafella inca), native of Arizona, Lower California, and
Mexico.
In*cage" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incaged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Incaging (?).] [Cf. Encage.] To confine in, or as
in, a cage; to coop up. [Written also encage.]
"Incaged birds." Shak.
In*cage"ment (?), n. Confinement
in, or as in, cage. [Obs.] Shelton.
In*cal`cu*la*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being incalculable.
In*cal"cu*la*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + calculable: cf. F. incalculable.] Not
capable of being calculated; beyond calculation; very great. --
In*cal"cu*la*ble*ness, n. --
In*cal"cu*la*bly, adv.
In`ca*les"cence (?), n. The state
of being incalescent, or of growing warm. Sir T.
Browne.
In`ca*les"cen*cy (?), n.
Incalescence. Ray.
In`ca*les"cent (?), a. [L.
incalescens, -entis, p. pr. of incalescere to
grow hot. See 1st In-, and Calescence.] Growing
warm; increasing in heat.
In*cam`er*a"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
in + L. camera chamber, LL., also, jurisdiction: cf. F.
incamération, It. incamerazione.] (R. C.
Ch.) The act or process of uniting lands, rights, or
revenues, to the ecclesiastical chamber, i. e., to the pope's
domain.
In"can (?), a. Of or pertaining to
the Incas.
In`can*des"cence (?), n. [Cf. F.
incandescence.] A white heat, or the glowing or luminous
whiteness of a body caused by intense heat.
In`can*des"cent (?), a. [L.
incandecens, -entis, p. pr. of incandescere to
become warm or hot; pref. in- in + candescere to become
of a glittering whiteness, to become red hot, incho. fr.
candere to be of a glittering whiteness: cf. F.
incandescent. See Candle.] White, glowing, or
luminous, with intense heat; as, incandescent carbon or
platinum; hence, clear; shining; brilliant.
Holy Scripture become resplendent; or, as one might
say, incandescent throughout.
I.
Taylor.
Incandescent lamp or light
(Elec.), a kind of lamp in which the light is produced by
a thin filament of conducting material, usually carbon, contained in
a vacuum, and heated to incandescence by an electric current, as in
the Edison lamp; -- called also incandescence lamp, and
glowlamp.
In`ca*nes"cent (?), a. [L.
incanescens, p. pr. incanescere to become gray.]
Becoming hoary or gray; canescent.
In*ca"nous (?), a. [L. incanus;
pref. in- in + canus hoary.] (Bot.) Hoary
with white pubescence.
In`can*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
incantatio, fr. incantare to chant a magic formula over
one: cf. F. incantation. See Enchant.]
1. The act or process of using formulas sung
or spoken, with occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising
spirits, producing enchantment, or affecting other magical results;
enchantment. "Mysterious ceremony and incantation."
Burke.
2. A formula of words used as
above.
In*cant"a*to*ry (?), a. Dealing by
enchantment; magical. Sir T. Browne.
In*cant"ing, a. Enchanting.
[Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
In*can"ton (?), v. t. To unite to,
or form into, a canton or separate community.
Addison.
In*ca`pa*bil"i*ty (?), n.
1. The quality of being incapable;
incapacity. Suckling.
2. (Law) Want of legal qualifications,
or of legal power; as, incapability of holding an
office.
In*ca"pa*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + capable: cf. F. incapable, L. incapabilis
incomprehensible.]
1. Wanting in ability or qualification for
the purpose or end in view; not large enough to contain or hold;
deficient in physical strength, mental or moral power, etc.; not
capable; as, incapable of holding a certain quantity of
liquid; incapable of endurance, of comprehension, of
perseverance, of reform, etc.
2. Not capable of being brought to do or
perform, because morally strong or well disposed; -- used with
reference to some evil; as, incapable of wrong, dishonesty, or
falsehood.
3. Not in a state to receive; not receptive;
not susceptible; not able to admit; as, incapable of pain, or
pleasure; incapable of stain or injury.
4. (Law) Unqualified or disqualified,
in a legal sense; as, a man under thirty-five years of age is
incapable of holding the office of president of the United
States; a person convicted on impeachment is thereby made
incapable of holding an office of profit or honor under the
government.
5. (Mil.) As a term of disgrace,
sometimes annexed to a sentence when an officer has been cashiered
and rendered incapable of serving his country.
&fist; Incapable is often used elliptically.
Is not your father grown incapable of
reasonable affairs?
Shak.
Syn. -- Incompetent; unfit; unable; insufficient;
inadequate; deficient; disqualified. See Incompetent.
In*ca"pa*ble, n. One who is
morally or mentally weak or inefficient; an imbecile; a
simpleton.
In*ca"pa*ble*ness, n. The quality
or state of being incapable; incapability.
In*ca"pa*bly, adv. In an incapable
manner.
In`ca*pa"cious (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + capacious: cf. L. incapax incapable.]
Not capacious; narrow; small; weak or foolish; as, an
incapacious soul. Bp. Burnet. --
In`ca*pa"cious*ness, n.
In`ca*pac"i*tate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Incapacitated (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Incapacitating (?).] [Pref. in-
not + capacitate.]
1. To deprive of capacity or natural power;
to disable; to render incapable or unfit; to disqualify; as, his age
incapacitated him for war.
2. (Law) To deprive of legal or
constitutional requisites, or of ability or competency for the
performance of certain civil acts; to disqualify.
It absolutely incapacitated them from holding
rank, office, function, or property.
Milman.
In`ca*pac`i*ta"tion (?), n. The
act of incapacitating or state of being incapacitated; incapacity;
disqualification. Burke.
In`ca*pac"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Incapacities (&?;). [Cf. F.
incapacité.]
1. Want of capacity; lack of physical or
intellectual power; inability.
2. (Law) Want of legal ability or
competency to do, give, transmit, or receive something; inability;
disqualification; as, the inacapacity of minors to make
binding contracts, etc.
Syn. -- Inability; incapability; incompetency; unfitness;
disqualification; disability.
In*cap"su*late (?), v. t.
(Physiol.) To inclose completely, as in a
membrane.
In*cap`su*la"tion (?), n.
(Physiol.) The process of becoming, or the state or
condition of being, incapsulated; as, incapsulation of the
ovum in the uterus.
In*car"cer*ate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Incarcerated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incarcerating (?).] [Pref. in- in + L.
carceratus, p. p. of carcerare to imprison, fr.
carcer prison.]
1. To imprison; to confine in a jail or
prison.
2. To confine; to shut up or inclose; to hem
in.
Incarcerated hernia (Med.), hernia in
which the constriction can not be easily reduced.
In*car"cer*ate (?), a.
Imprisoned. Dr. H. More.
In*car`cer*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
incarcération.]
1. The act of confining, or the state of
being confined; imprisonment. Glanvill.
2. (Med.) (a)
Formerly, strangulation, as in hernia. (b)
A constriction of the hernial sac, rendering it irreducible, but
not great enough to cause strangulation.
In*car"cer*a`tor (?), n. One who
incarcerates.
In*carn" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
incarner. See Incarnate.] To cover or invest with
flesh. [R.] Wiseman.
In*carn", v. i. To develop
flesh. [R.] Wiseman.
In*car"na*dine (?), a. [F.
incarnadin, It. incarnatino; L. pref. in- in +
caro, carnis, flesh. Cf. Carnation,
Incarnate.] Flesh-colored; of a carnation or pale red
color. [Obs.] Lovelace.
In*car"na*dine, v. t. To dye red
or crimson.
Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood
Clean from my hand? No; this my hand will rather
The multitudinous seas incarnadine,
Making the green one red.
Shak.
In*car"nate (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + carnate.] Not in the flesh; spiritual.
[Obs.]
I fear nothing . . . that devil carnate or
incarnate can fairly do.
Richardson.
In*car"nate, a. [L. incarnatus,
p. p. of incarnare to incarnate, pref. in- in +
caro, carnis, flesh. See Carnal.]
1. Invested with flesh; embodied in a human
nature and form; united with, or having, a human body.
Here shalt thou sit incarnate.
Milton.
He represents the emperor and his wife as two devils
incarnate, sent into the world for the destruction of
mankind.
Jortin.
2. Flesh-colored; rosy; red. [Obs.]
Holland.
In*car"nate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Incarnated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incarnating (?).] To clothe with flesh; to
embody in flesh; to invest, as spirits, ideals, etc., with a human
from or nature.
This essence to incarnate and imbrute,
That to the height of deity aspired.
Milton.
In*car"nate, v. i. To form flesh;
to granulate, as a wound. [R.]
My uncle Toby's wound was nearly well -- 't was just
beginning to incarnate.
Sterne.
In`car*na"tion (?), n. [F.
incarnation, LL. incarnatio.]
1. The act of clothing with flesh, or the
state of being so clothed; the act of taking, or being manifested in,
a human body and nature.
2. (Theol.) The union of the second
person of the Godhead with manhood in Christ.
3. An incarnate form; a personification; a
manifestation; a reduction to apparent from; a striking
exemplification in person or act.
She is a new incarnation of some of the
illustrious dead.
Jeffrey.
The very incarnation of
selfishness.
F. W. Robertson.
4. A rosy or red color; flesh color;
carnation. [Obs.]
5. (Med.) The process of healing
wounds and filling the part with new flesh; granulation.
In*car"na*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
incarnatif.] Causing new flesh to grow; healing;
regenerative. -- n. An incarnative
medicine.
In*car`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [See
Incarnation, and -fy.] The act of assuming, or
state of being clothed with, flesh; incarnation.
In*case" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incased (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Incasing.] [F. encaisser; pref. en- (L.
in) + caisse case. See Case a box, and cf.
Encase, Enchase.] To inclose in a case; to
inclose; to cover or surround with something solid.
Rich plates of gold the folding doors
incase.
Pope.
In*case"ment (?), n. [Cf.
Casement.]
1. The act or process of inclosing with a
case, or the state of being incased.
2. That which forms a case, covering, or
inclosure.
In*cask" (?), v. t. To cover with
a casque or as with a casque. Sherwood.
In*cas"tel*la`ted (?), a. Confined
or inclosed in a castle.
In*cas"telled (?), a. (Far.)
Hoofbound. Crabb.
In*cat`e*na"tion (?), n. [LL.
incatenatio; L. pref. in- in + catena chain. See
Enchain.] The act of linking together; enchaining.
[R.] Goldsmith.
In*cau"tion (?), n. Want of
caution. Pope.
In*cau"tious (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + cautious: cf. L. incautus.] Not cautious;
not circumspect; not attending to the circumstances on which safety
and interest depend; heedless; careless; as, an incautious
step; an incautious remark.
You . . . incautious tread
On fire with faithless embers overspread.
Francis.
His rhetorical expressions may easily captivate any
incautious reader.
Keill.
Syn. -- Unwary; indiscreet; inconsiderate; imprudent;
impolitic; careless; heedless; thoughtless.
-- In*cau"tious*ly, adv. --
In*cau"tious*ness, n.
In"ca*va`ted (&ibreve;n"k&adot;*vā`t&ebreve;d),
a. [L. incavatus, p. p. of incavare
to make hollow: pref in- in + cavare to hollow out, fr.
cavus hollow.] Made hollow; bent round or in.
In`ca*va"tion (&ibreve;n`k&adot;*vā"shŭn),
n. Act of making hollow; also, a hollow; an
excavation; a depression.
In*caved" (&ibreve;n*kāvd), a.
[Pref. in- in + cave. Cf. Encave,
Incavated.] Inclosed in a cave.
In*cav"erned (&ibreve;n*kăv"&etilde;rnd),
a. Inclosed or shut up as in a cavern.
Drayton.
In*ced"ing*ly (&ibreve;n*sēd"&ibreve;ng*l&ybreve;),
adv. [L. incedere to walk majestically.]
Majestically. [R.] C. Bronté.
In`ce*leb"ri*ty (?), n. Want of
celebrity or distinction; obscurity. [R.]
Coleridge.
In*cend" (?), v. t. [L.
incendere, incensum, to kindle, burn. See
Incense to inflame.] To inflame; to excite. [Obs.]
Marston.
In*cen"di*a*rism (?), n. [From
Incendiary.] The act or practice of maliciously setting
fires; arson.
In*cen"di*a*ry (?; 277), n.; pl.
Incendiaries (#). [L. incendiarius: cf. F.
incendiaire. See Incense to inflame.]
1. Any person who maliciously sets fire to a
building or other valuable or other valuable property.
2. A person who excites or inflames factions,
and promotes quarrels or sedition; an agitator; an exciter.
Several cities . . . drove them out as
incendiaries.
Bentley.
In*cen"di*a*ry, a. [L.
incendiarius, fr. incendium a fire, conflagration: cf.
F. incendiaire. See Incense to inflame.]
1. Of or pertaining to incendiarism, or the
malicious burning of valuable property; as, incendiary
material; as incendiary crime.
2. Tending to excite or inflame factions,
sedition, or quarrel; inflammatory; seditious.
Paley.
Incendiary shell, a bombshell. See
Carcass, 4.
In*cen"di*ous (?), a. [L.
incendiosus burning, hot.] Promoting faction or
contention; seditious; inflammatory. [Obs.] Bacon. --
In*cen"di*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]
In*cen"sant (?), a. [See Incense
to anger.] (Her.) A modern term applied to animals (as a
boar) when borne as raging, or with furious aspect.
In`cen*sa"tion (?), n. (R. C.
Ch.) The offering of incense. [R.] Encyc.
Brit.
In*cense" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incensed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Incensing.] [L. incensus, p. p. of incendere;
pref. in- in + root of candere to glow. See
Candle.]
1. To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle; to
burn. [Obs.]
Twelve Trojan princes wait on thee, and labor to
incense
Thy glorious heap of funeral.
Chapman.
2. To inflame with anger; to endkindle; to
fire; to incite; to provoke; to heat; to madden.
The people are incensed him.
Shak.
Syn. -- To enrage; exasperate; provoke; anger; irritate;
heat; fire; instigate.
In"cense (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incensed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Incensing.] [LL. incensare: cf. F. encenser. See
Incense, n.]
1. To offer incense to. See
Incense. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. To perfume with, or as with,
incense. "Incensed with wanton sweets."
Marston.
In"cense (?), n. [OE. encens, F.
encens, L. incensum, fr. incensus, p. p. of
incendere to burn. See Incense to inflame.]
1. The perfume or odors exhaled from spices
and gums when burned in celebrating religious rites or as an offering
to some deity.
A thick cloud of incense went up.
Ezek. viii. 11.
2. The materials used for the purpose of
producing a perfume when burned, as fragrant gums, spices,
frankincense, etc.
Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of
them his censer, and put fire therein, and put incense
thereon.
Lev. x. 1.
3. Also used figuratively.
Or heap the shrine of luxury and pride,
With incense kindled at the Muse's flame.
Gray.
Incense tree, the name of several balsamic
trees of the genus Bursera (or Icica) mostly tropical
American. The gum resin is used for incense. In Jamaica the
Chrysobalanus Icaco, a tree related to the plums, is called
incense tree. -- Incense wood, the
fragrant wood of the tropical American tree Bursera
heptaphylla.
In"cense-breath`ing (?), a.
Breathing or exhaling incense. "Incense-breathing
morn." Gray.
In*censed" (?), a. 1.
Angered; enraged.
2. (Her.) Represented as enraged, as
any wild creature depicted with fire issuing from mouth and
eyes.
In*cense"ment (?), n. Fury; rage;
heat; exasperation; as, implacable incensement.
Shak.
In*cen"ser (?), n. One who
instigates or incites.
In*cen"sion (?), n. [L.
incensio. See Incense to inflame.] The act of
kindling, or the state of being kindled or on fire.
Bacon.
In*cen"sive (?), a. Tending to
excite or provoke; inflammatory. Barrow.
In*cen"sor (?), n. [L.] A kindler
of anger or enmity; an inciter.
In*cen"so*ry (?; 277), n.; pl.
Incensories (#). [LL. incensorium: cf. F.
encensoir. See 2d Incense, and cf. Censer.]
The vessel in which incense is burned and offered; a censer; a
thurible. [R.] Evelyn.
In*cen"sur*a*ble (?; 135), a. [Pref.
in- not + censurable: cf. F. incensurable.]
Not censurable. Dr. T. Dwight. --
In*cen"sur*a*bly, adv.
In*cen"ter (?), n. (Geom.)
The center of the circle inscribed in a triangle.
In*cen"tive (?), a. [L.
incentivus, from incinere to strike up or set the tune;
pref. in- + canere to sing. See Enchant,
Chant.]
1. Inciting; encouraging or moving; rousing
to action; stimulative.
Competency is the most incentive to
industry.
Dr. H. More.
2. Serving to kindle or set on fire.
[R.]
Part incentive reed
Provide, pernicious with one touch of fire.
Milton.
In*cen"tive, n. [L. incentivum.]
That which moves or influences the mind, or operates on the
passions; that which incites, or has a tendency to incite, to
determination or action; that which prompts to good or ill; motive;
spur; as, the love of money, and the desire of promotion, are two
powerful incentives to action.
The greatest obstacles, the greatest terrors that come
in their way, are so far from making them quit the work they had
begun, that they rather prove incentives to them to go on in
it.
South.
Syn. -- Motive; spur; stimulus; incitement; encouragement;
inducement; influence.
In*cen"tive*ly, adv. Incitingly;
encouragingly.
In*cep"tion (?), n. [L.
inceptio, fr. incipere to begin; pref. in- in +
capere to take. See Capable.]
1. Beginning; commencement; initiation.
Bacon.
Marked with vivacity of inception, apathy of
progress, and prematureness of decay.
Rawle.
2. Reception; a taking in. [R.]
Poe.
In*cep"tive (?), a. Beginning;
expressing or indicating beginning; as, an inceptive
proposition; an inceptive verb, which expresses the beginning
of action; -- called also inchoative. --
In*cep"tive*ly, adv.
In*cep"tive, n. An inceptive word,
phrase, or clause.
In*cep"tor (?), n. [L.]
1. A beginner; one in the rudiments.
Johnson.
2. One who is on the point of taking the
degree of master of arts at an English university.
Walton.
In`cer*a"tion (?), n. [L.
incerare to smear with wax; pref. in- in +
cerare to wax, fr. cera wax: cf. F.
incération.] The act of smearing or covering with
wax. B. Jonson.
In*cer"a*tive (?), a. Cleaving or
sticking like wax. Cotgrave.
In*cer"tain (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + certain: cf. F. incertain, L. incertus.
See Certain.] Uncertain; doubtful; unsteady. --
In*cer"tain*ly, adv.
Very questionable and of uncertain
truth.
Sir T. Browne.
In*cer"tain*ty (?), n.
Uncertainty. [Obs.] Shak.
In*cer"ti*tude (?), n. [Cf. F.
incertitude, LL. incertitudo, fr. L. incertus.
See Incertain.] Uncertainty; doubtfulness;
doubt.
The incertitude and instability of this
life.
Holland.
He fails . . . from mere incertitude or
irresolution.
I. Taylor.
||In*cer"tum (?), a. Doubtful; not
of definite form.
Opus incertum (Anc. Arch.), a kind of
masonry employed in building walls, in which the stones were not
squared nor laid in courses; rubblework.
In*ces"sa*ble (?), a. [L.
incessabilis; pref. in- not + cessare to cease.]
Unceasing; continual. [Obs.] Shelton. --
In*ces"sa*bly, adv. [Obs.]
In*ces"san*cy (?), n. [From
Incessant.] The quality of being incessant; unintermitted
continuance; unceasingness. Dr. T. Dwight.
In*ces"sant (?), a. [L.
incessans, -antis; pref. in- not +
cessare to cease: cf. F. incessant. See Cease.]
Continuing or following without interruption; unceasing;
unitermitted; uninterrupted; continual; as, incessant clamors;
incessant pain, etc.
Against the castle gate,
. . . Which with incessant force and endless hate,
They batter'd day and night and entrance did await.
Spenser.
Syn. -- Unceasing; uninterrupted; unintermitted;
unremitting; ceaseless; continual; constant; perpetual.
In*ces"sant*ly, adv. Unceasingly;
continually. Shak.
In*ces"sion (?), n. [L.
incedere, incessum, to walk.] Motion on foot;
progress in walking. [Obs.]
The incession or local motion of
animals.
Sir T. Browne.
In"cest (?), n. [F. inceste, L.
incestum unchastity, incest, fr. incestus unchaste;
pref. in- not + castus chaste. See Chaste.]
The crime of cohabitation or sexual commerce between persons
related within the degrees wherein marriage is prohibited by
law. Shak.
Spiritual incest. (Eccl. Law)
(a) The crime of cohabitation committed between
persons who have a spiritual alliance by means of baptism or
confirmation. (b) The act of a vicar, or
other beneficiary, who holds two benefices, the one depending on the
collation of the other.
In*cest"tu*ous (?; 135), a. [L.
incestuosus: cf. F. incestueux.] Guilty of incest;
involving, or pertaining to, the crime of incest; as, an
incestuous person or connection. Shak.
Ere you reach to this incestuous love,
You must divine and human rights remove.
Dryden.
-- In*cest"tu*ous*ly, adv. --
In*cest"tu*ous*ness, n.
Inch (?), n. [Gael. inis.]
An island; -- often used in the names of small islands off the
coast of Scotland, as in Inchcolm, Inchkeith,
etc. [Scot.]
Inch, n. [OE. inche,
unche, AS. ynce, L. uncia the twelfth part,
inch, ounce. See Ounce a weight.]
1. A measure of length, the twelfth part of a
foot, commonly subdivided into halves, quarters, eights, sixteenths,
etc., as among mechanics. It was also formerly divided into twelve
parts, called lines, and originally into three parts, called
barleycorns, its length supposed to have been determined from
three grains of barley placed end to end lengthwise. It is also
sometimes called a prime (′), composed of twelve seconds
(′′), as in the duodecimal system of arithmetic.
12 seconds (′′) make 1 inch or
prime. 12 inches or primes (′) make 1
foot.
B. Greenleaf.
&fist; The meter, the accepted scientific standard of length,
equals 39.37 inches; the inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters. See
Metric system, and Meter.
2. A small distance or degree, whether of
time or space; hence, a critical moment.
Beldame, I think we watched you at an
inch.
Shak.
By inches, by slow degrees, gradually.
-- Inch of candle. See under
Candle. -- Inches of pressure,
usually, the pressure indicated by so many inches of a mercury
column, as on a steam gauge. -- Inch of water.
See under Water. -- Miner's inch,
(Hydraulic Mining), a unit for the measurement of water.
See Inch of water, under Water.
Inch (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inching.]
1. To drive by inches, or small
degrees. [R.]
He gets too far into the soldier's grace
And inches out my master.
Dryden.
2. To deal out by inches; to give
sparingly. [R.]
Inch, v. i. To advance or retire
by inches or small degrees; to move slowly.
With slow paces measures back the field,
And inches to the walls.
Dryden.
Inch, a. Measuring an inch in any
dimension, whether length, breadth, or thickness; -- used in
composition; as, a two-inch cable; a four-inch
plank.
Inch stuff, boards, etc., sawed one inch
thick.
In*cham"ber (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Inchambered (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Inchambering.] [Pref. in- in +
chamber: cf. OF. enchambrer.] To lodge in a
chamber. [R.] Sherwood.
In*change`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Unchangeableness. [Obs.] Kenrick.
In*chant" (?), v. t. See
Enchant.
In*char"i*ta*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
incharitable.] Uncharitable; unfeeling. [Obs.]
Shak.
In*char"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
incharité.] Want of charity. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
In*chase" (?), v. t. See
Enchase.
In*chas"ti*ty (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + chastity: cf. F. inchasteté.]
Unchastity. [Obs.] Milton.
Inched (?), a. Having or measuring
(so many) inches; as, a four-inched bridge.
Shak.
In*chest" (?), v. t. To put into a
chest.
Inch"i*pin (?), n. See
Inchpin.
Inch"meal` (?), n. [See Meal a
part, and cf. Piecemeal.] A piece an inch long.
By inchmeal, by small degrees; by
inches. Shak.
Inch"meal`, adv. Little by little;
gradually.
In"cho*ate (?), a. [L.
inchoatus, better incohatus, p. p. of incohare
to begin.] Recently, or just, begun; beginning; partially but
not fully in existence or operation; existing in its elements;
incomplete. -- In"cho*ate*ly,
adv.
Neither a substance perfect, nor a substance
inchoate.
Raleigh.
In"cho*ate (?), v. t. To
begin. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
In`cho*a"tion (?), n. [L.
inchoatio, incohatio.] Act of beginning;
commencement; inception.
The setting on foot some of those arts, in those
parts, would be looked on as the first inchoation of
them.
Sir M. Hale.
It is now in actual progress, from the rudest
inchoation to the most elaborate finishing.
I.
Taylor.
In*cho"a*tive (?; 277), a. [L.
inchoativus, incohativus: cf. F. inchoatif.]
Expressing or pertaining to a beginning; inceptive; as, an
inchoative verb. "Some inchoative or imperfect
rays." W. Montagu. -- n. An inchoative
verb. See Inceptive.
Inch"pin (?), n. [Written also
inchipin, inche-pinne, inne-pinne.] [Cf. Gael.
inne, innidh, bowel, entrail.] The sweetbread of a
deer. Cotgrave.
Inch"worm` (?), n. (Zoöl.)
The larva of any geometrid moth. See Geometrid.
In*cic"u*ra*ble (?), a. [L.
incicur not tame; pref. in- not + cicur name.]
Untamable. [R.]
In*cide" (?), v. t. [L.
incidere; pref. in- in + caedere to cut. See
Concise, and cf. Incise.] To cut; to separate and
remove; to resolve or break up, as by medicines. [Obs.]
Arbuthnot.
In"ci*dence (?), n. [Cf. F.
incidence.]
1. A falling on or upon; an incident; an
event. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
2. (Physics) The direction in which a
body, or a ray of light or heat, falls on any surface.
In equal incidences there is a considerable
inequality of refractions.
Sir I. Newton.
Angle of incidence, the angle which a ray of
light, or the line of incidence of a body, falling on any surface,
makes with a perpendicular to that surface; also formerly, the
complement of this angle. -- Line of
incidence, the line in the direction of which a surface
is struck by a body, ray of light, and the like.
In"ci*den*cy (?), n.
Incidence. [Obs.] Shak.
In"ci*dent (?), a. [L. incidens,
-entis, p. pr. & of incidere to fall into or upon;
pref. in- in, on + cadere to fall: cf. F.
incident. See Cadence.]
1. Falling or striking upon, as a ray of
light upon a reflecting surface.
2. Coming or happening accidentally; not in
the usual course of things; not in connection with the main design;
not according to expectation; casual; fortuitous.
As the ordinary course of common affairs is disposed
of by general laws, so likewise men's rarer incident
necessities and utilities should be with special equity
considered.
Hooker.
3. Liable to happen; apt to occur; befalling;
hence, naturally happening or appertaining.
All chances incident to man's frail
life.
Milton.
The studies incident to his
profession.
Milward.
4. (Law) Dependent upon, or
appertaining to, another thing, called the
principal.
Incident proposition (Logic), a
proposition subordinate to another, and introduced by who,
which, whose, whom, etc.; as, Julius, whose
surname was Cæsar, overcame Pompey. I.
Watts.
In"ci*dent, n. [Cf. F.
incident.] 1. That which falls out or
takes place; an event; casualty; occurrence.
2. That which happens aside from the main
design; an accidental or subordinate action or event.
No person, no incident, in a play but must be
of use to carry on the main design.
Dryden.
3. (Law) Something appertaining to,
passing with, or depending on, another, called the
principal. Tomlins.
Syn. -- Circumstance; event; fact; adventure; contingency;
chance; accident; casualty. See Event.
In`ci*den"tal (?), a. Happening,
as an occasional event, without regularity; coming without design;
casual; accidental; hence, not of prime concern; subordinate;
collateral; as, an incidental conversation; an
incidental occurrence; incidental expenses.
By some, religious duties . . . appear to be regarded
. . . as an incidental business.
Rogers.
Syn. -- Accidental; casual; fortuitous; contingent; chance;
collateral. See Accidental.
-- In`ci*den"tal*ly, adv. --
In`ci*den"tal*ness, n.
I treat either or incidentally of
colors.
Boyle.
In`ci*den"tal, n. An incident;
that which is incidental; esp., in the plural, an aggregate of
subordinate or incidental items not particularized; as, the expense
of tuition and incidentals. Pope.
In"ci*dent*ly (?), adv.
Incidentally. [Obs.]
In*cin"er*a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being incinerated or reduced to ashes. Sir T.
Browne.
In*cin"er*ate (?), [LL. incineratus, p. p. of
incinerare to incinerate; L. pref. in- in +
cinis, cineris, ashes.] Reduced to ashes by
burning; thoroughly consumed. [Obs.] Bacon.
In*cin"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Incinerated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incinerating (?).] To burn to ashes; to
consume; to burn. Bacon.
It is the fire only that incinerates
bodies.
Boyle.
In*cin`er*a"tion (?), n. [LL.
incineratio: cf. F. incinération.] The act
of incinerating, or the state of being incinerated;
cremation.
The phenix kind,
Of whose incineration,
There riseth a new creation.
Skelton.
{ In*cip"i*ence (?), In*cip"i*en*cy (?), }
n. [L. incipientia.] Beginning;
commencement; incipient state.
In*cip"i*ent (?), a. [L.
incipiens, p. pr. of incipere to begin. See
Inception.] Beginning to be, or to show itself;
commencing; initial; as, the incipient stage of a fever;
incipient light of day. -- In*cip"i*ent*ly,
adv.
In*cir"cle (?), v. t. See
Encircle.
In*cir"clet (?), n. [Cf.
Encirclet.] A small circle. [Obs.] Sir P.
Sidney.
In*cir`cum*scrip"ti*ble (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + circumscriptible: cf. LL.
incircumscriptibilis.] Incapable of being circumscribed
or limited. Cranmer.
In*cir`cum*scrip"tion (?), n.
Condition or quality of being incircumscriptible or
limitless. Jer. Taylor.
In*cir"cum*spect (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + circumspect.] Not circumspect; heedless;
careless; reckless; impolitic. Tyndale.
In*cir`cum*spec"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
incirconspection.] Want of circumspection. Sir
T. Browne.
In*cise" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incised (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Incising.] [L. incisus, p. p. of incidere to
incise: cf. F. inciser. See Incide.]
1. To cut in or into with a sharp instrument;
to carve; to engrave.
I on thy grave this epitaph
incise.
T. Carew.
2. To cut, gash, or wound with a sharp
instrument; to cut off.
In*cised" (?), a. 1.
Cut in; carved; engraved.
2. (Bot.) Having deep and sharp
notches, as a leaf or a petal.
In*cise"ly (?), adv. In an incised
manner.
In*ci"sion (?), n. [L. incisio:
cf. F. incision. See Incise.]
1. The act of incising, or cutting into a
substance. Milton.
2. That which is produced by incising; the
separation of the parts of any substance made by a cutting or pointed
instrument; a cut; a gash.
3. Separation or solution of viscid matter by
medicines. [Obs.]
In*ci"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
incisif.]
1. Having the quality of incising, cutting,
or penetrating, as with a sharp instrument; cutting; hence, sharp;
acute; sarcastic; biting. "An incisive, high voice."
G. Eliot.
And her incisive smile accrediting
That treason of false witness in my blush.
Mrs.
Browning.
2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the
incisors; incisor; as, the incisive bones, the
premaxillaries.
In*ci"sor (?; 277), n. [NL.]
(Anat.) One of the teeth in front of the canines in
either jaw; an incisive tooth. See Tooth.
In*ci"sor, a. Adapted for cutting;
of or pertaining to the incisors; incisive; as, the incisor
nerve; an incisor foramen; an incisor tooth.
In*ci"so*ry (?), a. Having the
quality of cutting; incisor; incisive.
In*cis"ure (?; 277), n. [L.
incisura: cf. F. incisure.] A cut; an incision; a
gash. Derham.
In*cit"ant (?), a. [L. incitans,
-antis, p. pr. of incitare. See Incite.]
Inciting; stimulating.
In*cit"ant, n. That which incites;
an inciting agent or cause; a stimulant. E. Darwin.
In`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
incitatio: cf. F. incitation.]
1. The act of inciting or moving to
action.
2. That which incites to action; that which
rouses or prompts; incitement; motive; incentive.
The noblest incitation to honest
attempts.
Tatler.
In*cit"a*tive (?), n. A
provocative; an incitant; a stimulant. [R.] Jervas.
In*cite" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incited (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inciting.] [L. incitare; pref. in- in +
citare to rouse, stir up: cf. F. inciter. See
Cite.] To move to action; to stir up; to rouse; to spur
or urge on.
Anthiochus, when he incited Prusias to join in
war, set before him the greatness of the Romans.
Bacon.
No blown ambition doth our arms
incite.
Shak.
Syn. -- Excite; stimulate; instigate; spur; goad; arouse;
move; urge; rouse; provoke; encourage; prompt; animate. See
Excite.
In*cite"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
incitement.]
1. The act of inciting.
2. That which incites the mind, or moves to
action; motive; incentive; impulse. Burke.
From the long records of a distant age,
Derive incitements to renew thy rage.
Pope.
Syn. -- Motive; incentive; spur; stimulus; impulse;
encouragement.
In*cit"er (?), n. One who, or that
which, incites.
In*cit"ing*ly, adv. So as to
incite or stimulate.
In*ci`to-mo"tor (?), a. [L.
incitus incited + E. motor.] (Physiol.)
Inciting to motion; -- applied to that action which, in the case
of muscular motion, commences in the nerve centers, and excites the
muscles to contraction. Opposed to excito-motor.
In*ci`to-mo"to*ry (?), a.
(Physiol.) Incitomotor.
In*civ"il (?), a. [L. incivilis;
pref. in- not + civilis civil: cf. F. incivil.]
Uncivil; rude. [Obs.] Shak.
In`ci*vil"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Incivilities (#). [L. incivilitas: cf. F.
incivilité.]
1. The quality or state of being uncivil;
want of courtesy; rudeness of manner; impoliteness. Shak.
Tillotson.
2. Any act of rudeness or ill
breeding.
Uncomely jests, loud talking and jeering, which, in
civil account, are called indecencies and
incivilities.
Jer. Taylor.
3. Want of civilization; a state of rudeness
or barbarism. [R.] Sir W. Raleigh.
Syn. -- Impoliteness; uncourteousness; unmannerliness;
disrespect; rudeness; discourtesy.
In*civ`i*li*za"tion (?), n. [Pref.
in- not + civilization.] The state of being
uncivilized; want of civilization; barbarism.
In*civ"il*ly (?), adv.
Uncivilly. [Obs.] Shak.
In*civ"ism (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + civism: cf. F. incivisme.] Want of civism;
want of patriotism or love to one's country; unfriendliness to one's
state or government. [R.] Macaulay.
In`cla*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
inclamatio. See 1st In-, and Claim.]
Exclamation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
In*clasp" (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in + clasp. Cf. Enclasp.] To clasp within; to
hold fast to; to embrace or encircle. [Written also
enclasp.]
The flattering ivy who did ever see
Inclasp the huge trunk of an aged tree.
F.
Beaumont.
In*clau"dent (?), a. Not closing
or shutting.
In"cla*va`ted (?), a. [LL.
inclavatus; L. pref. in- in + clavare to fasten
with nails, fr. clavus nail.] Set; fast; fixed.
Dr. John Smith.
In*clave" (?), a. [See
Inclavated.] (Her.) Resembling a series of
dovetails; -- said of a line of division, such as the border of an
ordinary.
In"cle (?), n. Same as
Inkle.
In*clem"en*cy (?), n.; pl.
Inclemencies (#). [L. inclementia: cf. F.
inclémence.]
1. The state or quality of being inclement;
want of clemency; want of mildness of temper; unmercifulness;
severity.
The inclemency of the late pope.
Bp. Hall.
2. Physical severity or harshness (commonly
in respect to the elements or weather); roughness; storminess; rigor;
severe cold, wind, rain, or snow.
The inclemencies of morning air.
Pope.
The rude inclemency of wintry
skies.
Cowper.
Syn. -- Harshness; severity; cruelty; rigor; roughness;
storminess; boisterousness.
In*clem"ent (?), a. [L.
inclemens; pref. in- not + clemens mild: cf. F.
inclément. See Clement.]
1. Not clement; destitute of a mild and kind
temper; void of tenderness; unmerciful; severe; harsh.
2. Physically severe or harsh (generally
restricted to the elements or weather); rough; boisterous; stormy;
rigorously cold, etc.; as, inclement weather.
Cowper.
The guard the wretched from the inclement
sky.
Pope.
Teach us further by what means to shun
The inclement seasons, rain, ice, hail, and snow!
Milton.
In*clem"ent*ly, adv. In an
inclement manner.
In*clin"a*ble (?), a. [L.
inclinabilis. See Incline.]
1. Leaning; tending.
Likely and inclinable to fall.
Bentley.
2. Having a propensity of will or feeling;
leaning in disposition; disposed; propense; as, a mind
inclinable to truth.
Whatsoever other sins he may be inclinable
to.
South.
The very constitution of a multitude is not so
inclinable to save as to destroy.
Fuller.
In*clin"a*ble*ness, n. The state
or quality of being inclinable; inclination.
In`cli*na"tion (?), n. [L.
inclinatio: cf. F. inclination.] 1.
The act of inclining, or state of being inclined; a leaning; as,
an inclination of the head.
2. A direction or tendency from the true
vertical or horizontal direction; as, the inclination of a
column, or of a road bed.
3. A tendency towards another body or
point.
4. (Geom.) The angle made by two lines
or planes; as, the inclination of the plane of the earth's
equator to the plane of the ecliptic is about 23° 28′; the
inclination of two rays of light.
5. A leaning or tendency of the mind,
feelings, preferences, or will; propensity; a disposition more
favorable to one thing than to another; favor; desire;
love.
A mere inclination to a thing is not properly a
willing of that thing.
South.
How dost thou find the inclination of the
people?
Shak.
6. A person or thing loved or admired.
Sir W. Temple.
7. (Pharm.) Decantation, or tipping
for pouring.
Inclination compass, an inclinometer. -
- Inclination of an orbit (Astron.), the
angle which the orbit makes with the ecliptic. --
Inclination of the needle. See Dip of the
needle, under Dip.
Syn. -- Bent; tendency; proneness; bias; proclivity;
propensity; prepossession; predilection; attachment; desire;
affection; love. See Bent, and cf. Disposition.
In*clin"a*to*ry (?; 277), a.
Having the quality of leaning or inclining; as, the
inclinatory needle. -- In*clin"a*to*ri*ly (#),
adv. Sir T. Browne.
In*cline" (?), v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Inclined (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inclining.] [OE. inclinen, enclinen, OF.
encliner, incliner, F. incliner, L.
inclinare; pref. in- in + clinare to bend,
incline; akin to E. lean. See Lean to incline.]
1. To deviate from a line, direction, or
course, toward an object; to lean; to tend; as, converging lines
incline toward each other; a road inclines to the north
or south.
2. Fig.: To lean or tend, in an intellectual
or moral sense; to favor an opinion, a course of conduct, or a
person; to have a propensity or inclination; to be
disposed.
Their hearts inclined to follow
Abimelech.
Judges ix. 3.
Power finds its balance, giddy motions cease
In both the scales, and each inclines to peace.
Parnell.
3. To bow; to incline the head.
Chaucer.
Syn. -- To lean; slope; slant; tend; bend.
In*cline", v. t. 1.
To cause to deviate from a line, position, or direction; to give
a leaning, bend, or slope to; as, incline the column or post
to the east; incline your head to the right.
Incline thine ear, O Lord, and
hear.
Is. xxxvii. 17.
2. To impart a tendency or propensity to, as
to the will or affections; to turn; to dispose; to
influence.
Incline my heart unto thy
testimonies.
Ps. cxix. 36.
Incline our hearts to keep this
law.
Book of Com. Prayer.
3. To bend; to cause to stoop or bow; as, to
incline the head or the body in acts of reverence or
civility.
With due respect my body I
inclined.
Dryden.
In*cline", n. An inclined plane;
an ascent or descent; a grade or gradient; a slope.
In*clined" (?), p. p. & a.
1. Having a leaning or tendency towards, or away
from, a thing; disposed or moved by wish, desire, or judgment; as, a
man inclined to virtue. "Each pensively
inclined." Cowper.
2. (Math.) Making an angle with some
line or plane; -- said of a line or plane.
3. (Bot.) Bent out of a perpendicular
position, or into a curve with the convex side uppermost.
Inclined plane. (Mech.)
(a) A plane that makes an oblique angle with the
plane of the horizon; a sloping plane. When used to produce pressure,
or as a means of moving bodies, it is one of the mechanical powers,
so called. (b) (Railroad & Canal) An
inclined portion of track, on which trains or boats are raised or
lowered from one level to another.
In*clin"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, inclines; specifically, an inclined dial.
In*clin"ing, a. (Bot.) Same
as Inclined, 3.
In*clin"ing, n. 1.
Inclination; disposition.
On the first inclining towards
sleep.
Burke.
2. Party or side chosen; a
following.
Both you of my inclining, and the
rest.
Shak.
In`clin*nom"e*ter (?), n.
[Incline + -meter.] (Magnetism) An
apparatus to determine the inclination of the earth's magnetic force
to the plane of the horizon; -- called also inclination
compass, and dip circle.
In*clip" (?), v. t. To clasp; to
inclose.
Whate'er the ocean pales, or sky
inclips.
Shak.
In*clois"ter (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in + cloister: cf. F. encloîtrer. Cf.
Encloister.] To confine as in a cloister; to
cloister. Lovelace.
In*close" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inclosed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inclosing.] [See Enclose, and cf. Include.]
[Written also enclose.]
1. To surround; to shut in; to confine on all
sides; to include; to shut up; to encompass; as, to inclose a
fort or an army with troops; to inclose a town with
walls.
How many evils have inclosed me
round!
Milton.
2. To put within a case, envelope, or the
like; to fold (a thing) within another or into the same parcel; as,
to inclose a letter or a bank note.
The inclosed copies of the treaty.
Sir W. Temple.
3. To separate from common grounds by a
fence; as, to inclose lands. Blackstone.
4. To put into harness; to harness.
[Obs.]
They went to coach and their horse
inclose.
Chapman.
In*clos"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, incloses; one who fences off land from common
grounds.
In*clo"sure (?; 135), n. [See
Inclose, Enclosure.] [Written also
enclosure.]
1. The act of inclosing; the state of being
inclosed, shut up, or encompassed; the separation of land from common
ground by a fence.
2. That which is inclosed or placed within
something; a thing contained; a space inclosed or fenced
up.
Within the inclosure there was a great store of
houses.
Hakluyt.
3. That which incloses; a barrier or
fence.
Breaking our inclosures every
morn.
W. Browne.
In*cloud" (?), v. t. To envelop as
in clouds; to darken; to obscure. Milton.
In*clude" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Included; p. pr. & vb. n.
Including.] [L. includere, inclusum; pref.
in- in + claudere to shut. See Close, and cf.
Enclose.]
1. To confine within; to hold; to contain; to
shut up; to inclose; as, the shell of a nut includes the
kernel; a pearl is included in a shell.
2. To comprehend or comprise, as a genus the
species, the whole a part, an argument or reason the inference; to
contain; to embrace; as, this volume of Shakespeare includes
his sonnets; he was included in the invitation to the family;
to and including page twenty-five.
The whole included race, his purposed
prey.
Milton.
The loss of such a lord includes all
harm.
Shak.
3. To conclude; to end; to terminate.
[Obs.]
Come, let us go; we will include all jars
With triumphs, mirth, and rare solemnity.
Shak.
Syn. -- To contain; inclose; comprise; comprehend; embrace;
involve.
In*clud"ed (?), a. Inclosed;
confined.
Included stamens (Bot.), such as are
shorter than the floral envelopes, or are concealed within
them.
In*clud"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
being included.
||In*clu"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L.
inclusus, p. p. of includere to shut in.]
(Zoöl.) A tribe of bivalve mollusks, characterized
by the closed state of the mantle which envelops the body. The ship
borer (Teredo navalis) is an example.
In*clu"sion (?), n. [L.
inclusio: cf. F. inclusion. See Include.]
1. The act of including, or the state of
being included; limitation; restriction; as, the lines of
inclusion of his policy. Sir W. Temple.
2. (Min.) A foreign substance, either
liquid or solid, usually of minute size, inclosed in the mass of a
mineral.
In*clu"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
inclusif.]
1. Inclosing; encircling;
surrounding.
The inclusive verge
Of golden metal that must round my brow.
Shak.
2. Comprehending the stated limit or
extremes; as, from Monday to Saturday inclusive, that is,
taking in both Monday and Saturday; -- opposed to
exclusive.
In*clu"sive*ly, adv. In an
inclusive manner.
In*coach" (?), v. t. To put a
coach.
{ In`co*act" (?), In`co*act"ed (?), }
a. [L. incoactus; pref. in- not +
coactus forced. See Coact.] Not compelled;
unconstrained. [Obs.] Coles.
In`co*ag"u*la*ble (?), a. Not
coagulable.
In`co*a*les"cence (?), n. The
state of not coalescing.
In*coct"ed (?), a. [Cf.
Concoct.] Raw; indigestible. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
In`co*er"ci*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + coercible: cf. F. incoercible.]
1. Not to be coerced; incapable of being
compelled or forced.
2. (Physics) Not capable of being
reduced to the form of a liquid by pressure; -- said of any gas above
its critical point; -- also particularly of oxygen, hydrogen,
nitrogen, and carbon monoxide, formerly regarded as incapable of
liquefaction at any temperature or pressure.
3. (Physics) That can note be confined
in, or excluded from, vessels, like ordinary fluids, gases, etc.; --
said of the imponderable fluids, heat, light, electricity,
etc.
In`co*ex*ist"ence (?), n. The
state of not coexisting. [Obs.] Locke.
In*cog" (?), adv. Incognito.
[Colloq.]
Depend upon it -- he'll remain
incog.
Addison.
In*cog"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
incogitabilis; pref. in- not + cogitabilis
cogitable.] Not cogitable; inconceivable. Sir T.
More.
{ In*cog"i*tance (?), In*cog"i*tan*cy (?), }
n. [L. incogitantia.] Want of thought,
or of the power of thinking; thoughtlessness;
unreasonableness.
'T is folly and incogitancy to argue anything,
one way or the other, from the designs of a sort of beings with whom
we so little communicate.
Glanvill.
In*cog"i*tant (?), a. [L.
incogitans; pref. in- not + cogitans, p. pr. of
cogitare to think. See Cogitate.] Thoughtless;
inconsiderate. [R.] Milton.
Men are careless and incogitant.
J. Goodman.
In*cog"i*tant*ly, adv. In an
incogitant manner.
In*cog"i*ta*tive (?), a. Not
cogitative; not thinking; wanting the power of thought; as, a
vegetable is an incogitative being. Locke.
In*cog`i*ta*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being incogitative; want of thought or of the power of
thinking. Wollaston.
In*cog"ni*ta (?), n. [See
Incognito.]
1. A woman who is unknown or in
disguise.
2. The state of being in disguise; -- said of
a woman.
In*cog"ni*tant (?), a.
Ignorant. [Obs.]
In*cog"ni*to (?), a. or adv. [It.
incognito, masc., incognita, fem., L. incognitus
unknown; pref. in- not + cognitus known, p. p. of
cognoscere: cf. F. incognito, fr. It. See
Cognition.] Without being known; in disguise; in an
assumed character, or under an assumed title; -- said esp. of great
personages who sometimes adopt a disguise or an assumed character in
order to avoid notice.
'T was long ago
Since gods come down incognito.
Prior.
The prince royal of Persia came thither
incognito.
Tatler.
In*cog"ni*to, n.; pl.
Incognitos (#). [See Incognito,
a.]
1. One unknown or in disguise, or under an
assumed character or name.
2. The assumption of disguise or of a feigned
character; the state of being in disguise or not
recognized.
His incognito was endangered.
Sir W. Scott.
In*cog"ni*za*ble (?), a. Not
cognizable; incapable of being recognized, known, or
distinguished. H. Spenser.
The Lettish race, not a primitive stock of the Slavi,
but a distinct branch, now become incognizable.
Tooke.
In*cog"ni*zance (?), n. Failure to
cognize, apprehended, or notice.
This incognizance may be
explained.
Sir W. Hamilton.
In*cog"ni*zant (?), a. Not
cognizant; failing to apprehended or notice.
Of the several operations themselves, as acts of
volition, we are wholly incognizant.
Sir W.
Hamilton.
In`cog*nos"ci*ble (?), a.
Incognizable. -- In`cog*nos"ci*bil"i*ty (#),
n.
{ In`co*her"ence (?), In`co*her"en*cy (?), }
n. [Cf. F. incohérence.]
1. The quality or state of being incoherent;
want of coherence; want of cohesion or adherence.
Boyle.
2. Want of connection; incongruity;
inconsistency; want of agreement or dependence of one part on
another; as, the incoherence of arguments, facts,
etc.
Incoherences in matter, and suppositions
without proofs, put handsomely together, are apt to pass for strong
reason.
Locke.
3. That which is incoherent.
Crude incoherencies . . . and nauseous
tautologies.
South.
In`co*her"ent (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + coherent: cf. F. incohérent.]
1. Not coherent; wanting cohesion; loose;
unconnected; physically disconnected; not fixed to each; -- said of
material substances. Woodward.
2. Wanting coherence or agreement;
incongruous; inconsistent; having no dependence of one part on
another; logically disconnected. "The same rambling,
incoherent manner." Bp. Warburton.
In`co*her`en*tif"ic (?), a. [E.
incoherent + L. facere to make.] Causing
incoherence. [R.]
In`co*her"ent*ly (?), adv. In an
incoherent manner; without due connection of parts.
In`co*her"ent*ness, n.
Incoherence.
In`co*in"ci*dence (?), n. The
quality of being incoincident; want of coincidence. [R.]
In`co*in"ci*dent (?), a. Not
coincident; not agreeing in time, in place, or principle.
In`co*lu"mi*ty (?), n. [L.
incolumitas, fr. incolumis uninjured, safe; perh. fr.
in intens. + (doubtful) columis safe.] Safety;
security. [Obs.] Howell.
In*com"ber (?), v. t. See
Encumber.
In`com*bine" (?), v. i. To be
incapable of combining; to disagree; to differ. [Obs.]
Milton.
In`com*bus`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
incombustilité.] The quality of being
incombustible.
In`com*bus"ti*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + combustible: cf. F. incombustible.] Not
combustible; not capable of being burned, decomposed, or consumed by
fire; uninflammable; as, asbestus is an incombustible
substance; carbon dioxide is an incombustible gas.
Incombustible cloth, a tissue of amianthus
or asbestus; also, a fabric imbued with an incombustible
substance.
-- In`com*bus"ti*ble*ness, n. --
In`com*bus"ti*bly, adv.
In"come (?), n. 1.
A coming in; entrance; admittance; ingress; infusion.
[Obs.] Shak.
More abundant incomes of light and strength
from God.
Bp. Rust.
At mine income I louted low.
Drant.
2. That which is caused to enter;
inspiration; influence; hence, courage or zeal imparted.
[R.]
I would then make in and steep
My income in their blood.
Chapman.
3. That gain which proceeds from labor,
business, property, or capital of any kind, as the produce of a farm,
the rent of houses, the proceeds of professional business, the
profits of commerce or of occupation, or the interest of money or
stock in funds, etc.; revenue; receipts; salary; especially, the
annual receipts of a private person, or a corporation, from property;
as, a large income.
No fields afford
So large an income to the village lord.
Dryden.
4. (Physiol.) That which is taken into
the body as food; the ingesta; -- sometimes restricted to the
nutritive, or digestible, portion of the food. See Food.
Opposed to output.
Income bond, a bond issued on the income of
the corporation or company issuing it, and the interest of which is
to be paid from the earnings of the company before any dividends are
made to stockholders; -- issued chiefly or exclusively by railroad
companies. -- Income tax, a tax upon a
person's incomes, emoluments, profits, etc., or upon the excess
beyond a certain amount.
Syn. -- Gain; profit; proceeds; salary; revenue; receipts;
interest; emolument; produce.
In"com`er (?), n. 1.
One who comes in.
Outgoers and incomers.
Lew
Wallace.
2. One who succeeds another, as a tenant of
land, houses, etc. [Eng.]
In"com`ing, a. 1.
Coming in; accruing.
A full incoming profit on the product of his
labor.
Burke.
2. Coming in, succeeding, or following, as
occupant or possessor; as, in incoming tenant.
In"com`ing, n. 1.
The act of coming in; arrival.
The incomings and outgoings of the
trains.
Dickens.
2. Income; gain. [R.]
Many incomings are subject to great
fluctuations.
Tooke.
In*com"i*ty (?), n. Want of
comity; incivility; rudeness. [R.]
||In com*men"dam (?). [See Commendam.]
(Law) See Commendam, and Partnership in
Commendam, under Partnership.
In`com*men`su*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. incommensurabilité.] The quality or state of
being incommensurable. Reid.
In`com*men"su*ra*ble (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + commensurable: cf. F.
incommensurable.] Not commensurable; having no common
measure or standard of comparison; as, quantities are
incommensurable when no third quantity can be found that is an
aliquot part of both; the side and diagonal of a square are
incommensurable with each other; the diameter and
circumference of a circle are incommensurable.
They are quantities
incommensurable.
Burke.
-- In`com*men"su*ra*ble*ness, n. --
In`com*men"su*ra*bly, adv.
In`com*men"su*ra*ble (?), n. One
of two or more quantities which have no common measure.
In`com*men"su*rate (?), a.
1. Not commensurate; not admitting of a common
measure; incommensurable.
2. Not of equal of sufficient measure or
extent; not adequate; as, our means are incommensurate to our
wants.
Syn. -- Inadequate; insufficient; disproportionate.
-- In`com*men"su*rate*ly, adv. --
In`com*men"su*rate*ness, n.
In`com*mis"ci*ble (?), a. [L.
incommiscibilis; pref. in- not + commiscibilis
that can be mingled.] Not commiscible; not mixable.
In`com*mix"ture (?; 135), n. A
state of being unmixed; separateness. Sir T.
Browne.
In*com"mo*date (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Incommodated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incommodating (?).] [L. incommodare. See
Incommode.] To incommode. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
In*com`mo*da"tion (?), n. The
state of being incommoded; inconvenience. [Obs.]
In`com*mode" (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Incommoded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Incommoding.] [F. incommoder, L. incommodare
inconvenient; pref. in- not + commodus convenient. See
Commodious.] To give inconvenience or trouble to; to
disturb or molest; to discommode; to worry; to put out; as, we are
incommoded by want of room.
Syn. -- To annoy; disturb; trouble; molest; disaccomodate;
inconvenience; disquiet; vex; plague.
In`com*mode", n. An
inconvenience. [R.] Strype.
In`com*mode"ment (?), n. The act
of incommoded. [Obs.] Cheyne.
In`com*mo"di*ous (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + commodious: cf. LL. incommodious, L.
incommodus, F. incommode.] Tending to incommode;
not commodious; not affording ease or advantage; unsuitable; giving
trouble; inconvenient; annoying; as, an incommodious seat; an
incommodious arrangement. --
In`com*mo"di*ous*ly, adv. --
In`com*mo"di*ous*ness, n.
In`com*mo"di*ty (?), n.; pl.
Incommodities (#). [L. incommoditas: cf. F.
incommodité. See Incommodious.]
Inconvenience; trouble; annoyance; disadvantage;
encumbrance. [Archaic] Bunyan.
A great incommodity to the body.
Jer. Taylor.
Buried him under a bulk of
incommodities.
Hawthorne.
In`com*mu`ni*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. incommunicabilité.] The quality or state of
being incommunicable, or incapable of being imparted.
In`com*mu"ni*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
incommunicabilis: cf. F. incommunicable. See In-
not, and Communicable.] Not communicable; incapable of
being communicated, shared, told, or imparted, to others.
Health and understanding are
incommunicable.
Southey.
Those incommunicable relations of the divine
love.
South.
-- In`com*mu"ni*ca*ble*ness, n. --
In`com*mu"ni*ca*bly, adv.
In`com*mu"ni*ca`ted (?), a. Not
communicated or imparted. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
In`com*mu"ni*ca`ting, a. Having no
communion or intercourse with each other. [Obs.] Sir M.
Hale.
In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive (?), a. Not
communicative; not free or apt to impart to others in conversation;
reserved; silent; as, the messenger was incommunicative;
hence, not disposed to hold fellowship or intercourse with others;
exclusive.
The Chinese . . . an incommunicative
nation.
C. Buchanan.
-- In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ly, adv. --
In`com*mu"ni*ca*tive*ness, n.
Lamb.
His usual incommunicativeness.
G. Eliot.
In`com*mu`ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
incommutabilitas: cf. F. incommutabilité.]
The quality or state of being incommutable.
In`com*mut"a*ble (?), a. [L.
incommutabilis: cf. F. incommutable. See In-
not, and Commutable.] Not commutable; not capable of
being exchanged with, or substituted for, another.
Cudworth. -- In`com*mut"a*ble*ness,
n. -- In`com*mut"a*bly,
adv.
{ In`com*pact" (?), In`com*pact"ed, }
a. Not compact; not having the parts firmly
united; not solid; incoherent; loose; discrete.
Boyle.
In*com"pa*ra*ble (?), a. [L.
incomparabilis: cf. F. incomparable. See In-
not, and Comparable.] Not comparable; admitting of no
comparison with others; unapproachably eminent; without a peer or
equal; matchless; peerless; transcendent.
A merchant of incomparable wealth.
Shak.
A new hypothesis . . . which hath the
incomparable Sir Isaac Newton for a patron.
Bp. Warburton.
-- In*com"pa*ra*ble*ness, n. --
In*com"pa*ra*bly, adv.
Delights incomparably all those corporeal
things.
Bp. Wilkins.
In`com*pared" (?), a. Peerless;
incomparable. [Obs.] Spenser.
In*com"pass (?), v. t. See
Encompass.
In`com*pas"sion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + compassion: cf. F. incompassion.] Want
of compassion or pity. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.
In`com*pas"sion*ate (?), a. Not
compassionate; void of pity or of tenderness; remorseless. --
In`com*pas"sion*ate*ly, adv. --
In`com*pas"sion*ate*ness, n.
In`com*pat`i*bil"i*ty (?), n.;
pl. -ties (&?;). [Cf. F.
incompatibilité.] The quality or state of being
incompatible; inconsistency; irreconcilableness.
In`com*pat"i*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + compatible: cf. F. incompatible.] [It was
formerly sometimes written incompetible.]
1. Not compatible; so differing as to be
incapable of harmonious combination or coexistence; inconsistent in
thought or being; irreconcilably disagreeing; as, persons of
incompatible tempers; incompatible colors, desires,
ambition.
A strength and obduracy of character
incompatible with his meek and innocent nature.
Southey.
2. (Chem.) Incapable of being together
without mutual reaction or decomposition, as certain
medicines.
Incompatible terms (Logic), terms
which can not be combined in thought.
Syn. -- Inconsistent; incongruous; dissimilar;
irreconcilable; unsuitable; disagreeing; inharmonious; discordant;
repugnant; contradictory. See Inconsistent.
In`com*pat"i*ble (?), n. (Med. &
Chem.) An incompatible substance; esp., in pl.,
things which can not be placed or used together because of a change
of chemical composition or of opposing medicinal qualities; as, the
incompatibles of iron.
In`com*pat"i*ble*ness, n. The
quality or state of being incompatible; incompatibility.
In`com*pat"i*bly, adv. In an
incompatible manner; inconsistently; incongruously.
{ In*com"pe*tence (?), In*com"pe*tency (?), }
n. [Cf. F. incompétence.]
1. The quality or state of being incompetent;
want of physical, intellectual, or moral ability; insufficiency;
inadequacy; as, the incompetency of a child for hard labor, or
of an idiot for intellectual efforts. "Some inherent
incompetency." Gladstone.
2. (Law) Want of competency or legal
fitness; incapacity; disqualification, as of a person to be heard as
a witness, or to act as a juror, or of a judge to try a
cause.
Syn. -- Inability; insufficiency; inadequacy;
disqualification; incapability; unfitness.
In*com"pe*tent (?), a. [L.
incompetens: cf. F. incompétent. See In-
not, and Competent.]
1. Not competent; wanting in adequate
strength, power, capacity, means, qualifications, or the like;
incapable; unable; inadequate; unfit.
Incompetent to perform the duties of the
place.
Macaulay.
2. (Law) Wanting the legal or
constitutional qualifications; inadmissible; as, a person professedly
wanting in religious belief is an incompetent witness in a
court of law or equity; incompetent evidence.
Richard III. had a resolution, out of hatred to his
brethren, to disable their issues, upon false and incompetent
pretexts, the one of attainder, the other of
illegitimation.
Bacon.
3. Not lying within one's competency,
capacity, or authorized power; not permissible.
Syn. -- Incapable; unable; inadequate; insufficient;
inefficient; disqualified; unfit; improper. -- Incompetent,
Incapable. Incompetent is a relative term, denoting a
want of the requisite qualifications for performing a given act,
service, etc.; incapable is absolute in its meaning, denoting
want of power, either natural or moral. We speak of a man as
incompetent to a certain task, of an incompetent judge,
etc. We say of an idiot that he is incapable of learning to
read; and of a man distinguished for his honor, that he is
incapable of a mean action.
In*com"pe*tent*ly, adv. In an
competent manner; inadequately; unsuitably.
In`com*pet`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. See
Incompatibility.
In`com*pet"i*ble (?), a. See
Incompatible.
In`com*plete" (?), a. [L.
incompletus: cf. F. incomplet. See In- not, and
Complete.]
1. Not complete; not filled up; not finished;
not having all its parts, or not having them all adjusted; imperfect;
defective.
A most imperfect and incomplete
divine.
Milton.
2. (Bot.) Wanting any of the usual
floral organs; -- said of a flower.
Incomplete equation (Alg.), an
equation some of whose terms are wanting; or one in which the
coefficient of some one or more of the powers of the unknown quantity
is equal to 0.
In`com*plete"ly, adv. In an
incomplete manner.
In`com*plete"ness, n. The state of
being incomplete; imperfectness; defectiveness.
Boyle.
In`com*ple"tion (?), n. Want of
completion; incompleteness. Smart.
In`com*plex" (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + complex: cf. F. incomplexe.] Not complex;
uncompounded; simple. Barrow.
In`com*pli"a*ble (?), a. Not
compliable; not conformable.
In`com*pli"ance (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being incompliant;
unyielding temper; obstinacy.
Self-conceit produces peevishness and
incompliance of humor in things lawful and
indifferent.
Tillotson.
2. Refusal or failure to comply.
Strype.
In`com*pli"ant (?), a. Not
compliant; unyielding to request, solicitation, or command;
stubborn. -- In`com*pli"ant*ly,
adv.
In`com*posed" (?), a. Disordered;
disturbed. [Obs.] Milton. -- In`com*po"sed*ly
(#), adv. [Obs.] -- In`com*pos"ed*ness,
n. [Obs.]
In`com*pos"ite (?), a. [L.
incompositus. See Composite.] Not composite;
uncompounded; simple.
Incomposite numbers. See Prime
numbers, under Prime.
In`com*pos"si*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + compossible: cf. F. incompossible.] Not
capable of joint existence; incompatible; inconsistent.
[Obs.]
Ambition and faith . . . are . . .
incompossible.
Jer. Taylor.
-- In`com*pos`si*bil"i*ty (#), n.
[Obs.]
In*com`pre*hense" (?), a. [L.
incomprehensus.] Incomprehensible. [Obs.]
"Incomprehense in virtue." Marston.
In*com`pre*hen`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. incompréhensibilité.] The quality of
being incomprehensible, or beyond the reach of human intellect;
incomprehensibleness; inconceivability; inexplicability.
The constant, universal sense of all antiquity
unanimously confessing an incomprehensibility in many of the
articles of the Christian faith.
South.
In*com`pre*hen"si*ble (?), a. [L.
incomprehensibilis: cf. F. incompréhensible. See
In- not, and Comprehensible.]
1. Not capable of being contained within
limits.
An infinite and incomprehensible
substance.
Hooker.
2. Not capable of being comprehended or
understood; beyond the reach of the human intellect;
inconceivable.
And all her numbered stars that seem to roll
Spaces incomprehensible.
Milton.
-- In*com`pre*hen"si*ble*ness, n. --
In*com`pre*hen"si*bly, adv.
In*com`pre*hen"sion (?), n. Want
of comprehension or understanding. "These mazes and
incomprehensions." Bacon.
In*com`pre*hen"sive (?), a. Not
comprehensive; not capable of including or of understanding; not
extensive; limited. -- In*com`pre*hen"sive*ly,
a. Sir W. Hamilton. --
In*com`pre*hen"sive*ness, n. T.
Warton.
In`com*press`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
incompressibilité.] The quality of being
incompressible, or incapable of reduction in volume by pressure; --
formerly supposed to be a property of liquids.
The incompressibility of water is not
absolute.
Rees.
In`com*press"i*ble (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + compressible: cf. F. incompressible.]
Not compressible; incapable of being reduced by force or
pressure into a smaller compass or volume; resisting compression; as,
many liquids and solids appear to be almost
incompressible. -- In`com*press"i*ble*ness,
n.
In`com*put"a*ble (?), a. Not
computable.
In`con*ceal"a*ble (?), a. Not
concealable. "Inconcealable imperfections." Sir T.
Browne.
In`con*ceiv`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being inconceivable; inconceivableness.
The inconceivability of the
Infinite.
Mansel.
In`con*ceiv"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + conceivable: cf. F. inconcevable.] Not
conceivable; incapable of being conceived by the mind; not explicable
by the human intellect, or by any known principles or agencies;
incomprehensible; as, it is inconceivable to us how the will
acts in producing muscular motion.
It is inconceivable to me that a spiritual
substance should represent an extended figure.
Locke.
-- In`con*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n. --
In`con*ceiv"a*bly, adv.
The inconceivableness of a quality existing
without any subject to possess it.
A. Tucker.
In`con*cep"ti*ble (?), a.
Inconceivable. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.
In`con*cern"ing (?), a.
Unimportant; trifling. [Obs.] "Trifling and
inconcerning matters." Fuller.
In`con*cinne" (?), a. [See
Inconcinnous.] Dissimilar; incongruous; unsuitable.
[Obs.] Cudworth.
In`con*cin"ni*ty (?), n. [L.
inconcinnitas.] Want of concinnity or congruousness;
unsuitableness.
There is an inconcinnity in admitting these
words.
Trench.
In`con*cin"nous (?), a. [L.
inconcinnus. See In- not, and Concinnity.]
Not concinnous; unsuitable; discordant. [Obs.]
Cudworth.
In`con*clud"ent (?), a. Not
inferring a conclusion or consequence; not conclusive.
[Obs.]
In`con*clud"ing, a. Inferring no
consequence. [Obs.]
In`con*clu"sive (?), a. Not
conclusive; leading to no conclusion; not closing or settling a point
in debate, or a doubtful question; as, evidence is
inconclusive when it does not exhibit the truth of a disputed
case in such a manner as to satisfy the mind, and put an end to
debate or doubt.
Arguments . . . inconclusive and
impertinent.
South.
-- In`con*clu"sive*ly, adv. --
In`con*clu"sive*ness, n.
In`con*coct" (?), a. [L. pref. in-
not + concoctus, p. p. of concoquere. See
Concoct.] Inconcocted. [Obs.]
In`con*coct"ed, a. [Pref. in-
not + concocted.] Imperfectly digested, matured, or
ripened. [Obs.] Bacon.
In`con*coc"tion (?), n. The state
of being undigested; unripeness; immaturity. [Obs.]
Bacon.
In*con"crete (?), a. [L.
inconcretus incorporeal.] Not concrete. [R.] L.
Andrews.
In`con*cur"ring, a. Not
concurring; disagreeing. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
In`con*cus"si*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + L. concussibilis that can be shaken. See
Concussion.] Not concussible; that cannot be
shaken.
{ In`con*den`sa*bil"i*ty (?),
In`con*den`si*bil"i*ty (?), } n. The
quality or state of being incondensable.
{ In`con*den"sa*ble (?), In`con*den"si*ble, }
a. Not condensable; incapable of being made
more dense or compact, or reduced to liquid form.
In"con*dite (?; 277), a. [L.
inconditus; pref. in- not + conditus, p. p. of
condere to put or join together. See Condition.]
Badly put together; inartificial; rude; unpolished;
irregular. "Carol incondite rhymes." J.
Philips.
In`con*di"tion*al (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + conditional: cf. F. inconditionnel.]
Unconditional. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
In`con*di"tion*ate (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + conditionate: cf. F.
inconditionné.] Not conditioned; not limited;
absolute. [Obs.] Boyle.
In`con*form" (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + conform.] Unconformable. [Obs.]
Gauden.
In`con*form"a*ble (?), a.
Unconformable. [Obs.]
In`con*form"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inconformité.] Want of conformity;
nonconformity. [Obs.]
In`con*fused" (?), a. Not
confused; distinct. [Obs.]
In`con*fu"sion (?) n. Freedom from
confusion; distinctness. [Obs.] Bacon.
In`con*fut"a*ble (?), a. Not
confutable. -- In`con*fut"a*bly,
adv. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
In`con*geal"a*ble (?), a. [L.
incongelabilis. See Congeal.] Not congealable;
incapable of being congealed. --
In`con*geal"a*ble*ness, n.
In`con*gen"ial (?), a. Not
congenial; uncongenial. [R.] -- In`con*ge`ni*al"i*ty
(#). [R.]
In*con"gru*ence (?), n. [L.
incongruentia.] Want of congruence; incongruity.
Boyle.
In*con"gru*ent (?), a. [L.
incongruens. See In- not, and Congruent.]
Incongruous. Sir T. Elyot.
In`con*gru"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Incongruities (#). [Pref. in- not +
congruity: cf. F. incongruité.]
1. The quality or state of being incongruous;
want of congruity; unsuitableness; inconsistency;
impropriety.
The fathers make use of this acknowledgment of the
incongruity of images to the Deity, from thence to prove the
incongruity of the worship of them.
Bp.
Stillingfleet.
2. Disagreement of parts; want of symmetry or
of harmony. [Obs.]
3. That which is incongruous; want of
congruity.
In*con"gru*ous (?), a. [L.
incongruus. See In- not, and Congruous.]
Not congruous; reciprocally disagreeing; not capable of
harmonizing or readily assimilating; inharmonious; inappropriate;
unsuitable; not fitting; inconsistent; improper; as, an
incongruous remark; incongruous behavior, action,
dress, etc. "Incongruous mixtures of opinions." I.
Taylor. "Made up of incongruous parts."
Macaulay.
Incongruous denotes that kind of absence of
harmony or suitableness of which the taste and experience of men
takes cognizance.
C. J. Smith.
Incongruous numbers (Arith.), two
numbers, which, with respect to a third, are such that their
difference can not be divided by it without a remainder, the two
numbers being said to be incongruous with respect to the
third; as, twenty and twenty-five are incongruous with respect
to four.
Syn. -- Inconsistent; unsuitable; inharmonious;
disagreeing; absurd; inappropriate; unfit; improper. See
Inconsistent.
-- In*con"gru*ous*ly, adv. --
In*con"gru*ous*ness, n.
In`con*nect"ed (?), a. Not
connected; disconnected. [R.] Bp. Warburton.
In`con*nec"tion (?), n.
Disconnection.
In`con*nex"ed*ly (?), adv. [Pref.
in- not + connexed (p. p. of connex) + -
ly.] Not connectedly; without connection. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
In*con"scion*a*ble (?), a.
Unconscionable. [Obs.] Spenser.
In*con"scious (?), a.
Unconscious. [Obs.]
In`con*sec"u*tive*ness (?), n. The
state or quality of not being consecutive. J. H.
Newman.
In*con"se*quence (?), n. [L.
inconsequentia: cf. F. inconséquence.] The
quality or state of being inconsequent; want of just or logical
inference or argument; inconclusiveness. Bp.
Stillingfleet.
Strange, that you should not see the
inconsequence of your own reasoning!
Bp.
Hurd.
In*con"se*quent (?), a. [L.
inconsequens: cf. F. inconséquent. See In-
not, and Consequent.] Not following from the
premises; not regularly inferred; invalid; not characterized by
logical method; illogical; arbitrary; inconsistent; of no
consequence.
Loose and inconsequent
conjectures.
Sir T. Browne.
In*con`se*quen"tial (?), a. Not
regularly following from the premises; hence, irrelevant;
unimportant; of no consequence. Chesterfield. --
In*con`se*quen"tial*ly (#), adv.
In*con`se*quen`ti*al"i*ty (?), n.
The state of being inconsequential.
In*con"se*quent*ness (?), n.
Inconsequence.
In`con*sid"er*a*ble (?), a. Not
considerable; unworthy of consideration or notice; unimportant;
small; trivial; as, an inconsiderable distance; an
inconsiderable quantity, degree, value, or sum. "The
baser scum and inconsiderable dregs of Rome." Stepney.
-- In`con*sid"er*a*ble*ness, n. --
In`con*sid"er*a*bly, adv.
In`con*sid"er*a*cy (?), n.
Inconsiderateness; thoughtlessness. [Obs.]
Chesterfield.
In`con*sid"er*ate (?), a. [L.
inconsideratus. See In- not, and
Considerate.]
1. Not considerate; not attentive to safety
or to propriety; not regarding the rights or feelings of others;
hasty; careless; thoughtless; heedless; as, the young are generally
inconsiderate; inconsiderate conduct.
It is a very unhappy token of our corruption, that
there should be any so inconsiderate among us as to sacrifice
morality to politics.
Addison.
2. Inconsiderable. [Obs.] E.
Terry.
Syn. -- Thoughtless; inattentive; inadvertent; heedless;
negligent; improvident; careless; imprudent; indiscreet; incautious;
injudicious; rash; hasty.
In`con*sid"er*ate*ly, adv. In an
inconsiderate manner.
In`con*sid"er*ate*ness, n. The
quality or state of being inconsiderate. Tillotson.
In`con*sid`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
inconsideratio: cf. F. inconsidération.]
Want of due consideration; inattention to consequences;
inconsiderateness.
Blindness of mind, inconsideration,
precipitation.
Jer. Taylor.
Not gross, willful, deliberate, crimes; but rather the
effects of inconsideration.
Sharp.
In`con*sist"ence (?), n.
Inconsistency.
In`con*sist"en*cy (?), n.; pl.
Inconsistencies (#). [Cf. F.
inconsistance.]
1. The quality or state of being
inconsistent; discordance in respect to sentiment or action; such
contrariety between two things that both can not exist or be true
together; disagreement; incompatibility.
There is a perfect inconsistency between that
which is of debt and that which is of free gift.
South.
2. Absurdity in argument ore narration;
incoherence or irreconcilability in the parts of a statement,
argument, or narration; that which is inconsistent.
If a man would register all his opinions upon love,
politics, religion, and learning, what a bundle of
inconsistencies and contradictions would appear at
last!
Swift.
3. Want of stability or uniformity;
unsteadiness; changeableness; variableness.
Mutability of temper, and inconsistency with
ourselves, is the greatest weakness of human nature.
Addison.
In`con*sist"ent (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + consistent: cf. F. inconsistant.]
1. Not consistent; showing inconsistency;
irreconcilable; discordant; at variance, esp. as regards character,
sentiment, or action; incompatible; incongruous;
contradictory.
Compositions of this nature . . . show that wisdom and
virtue are far from being inconsistent with politeness and
good humor.
Addison.
2. Not exhibiting uniformity of sentiment,
steadiness to principle, etc.; unequal; fickle; changeable.
Ah, how unjust to nature, and himself,
Is thoughtless, thankless, inconsistent man.
Young.
Syn. -- Incompatible; incongruous; irreconcilable;
discordant; repugnant; contradictory. -- Inconsistent,
Incongruous, Incompatible. Things are
incongruous when they are not suited to each other, so that
their union is unbecoming; inconsistent when they are opposed
to each other, so as render it improper or wrong; incompatible
when they can not coexist, and it is therefore impossible to
unite them. Habitual levity of mind is incongruous with the
profession of a clergyman; it is inconsistent with his
ordination vows; it is incompatible with his permanent
usefulness. Incongruity attaches to the modes and qualities of
things; incompatibility attaches to their essential
attributes; inconsistency attaches to the actions, sentiments,
etc., of men.
In`con*sist"ent*ly (?), adv. In an
inconsistent manner.
In`con*sist"ent*ness, n.
Inconsistency. [R.]
In`con*sist"ing (?), a.
Inconsistent. [Obs.]
In`con*sol"a*ble (?), a. [L.
inconsolabilis: cf. F. inconsolable. See In-
not, and Console.] Not consolable; incapable of being
consoled; grieved beyond susceptibility of comfort;
disconsolate. Dryden.
With inconsolable distress she griev'd,
And from her cheek the rose of beauty fled.
Falconer.
-- In`con*sol"a*ble*ness, n. --
In`con*sol"a*bly, adv.
{ In*con"so*nance (?), In*con"so*nan*cy (?), }
n. Want of consonance or harmony of sound,
action, or thought; disagreement.
In*con"so*nant (?), a. [L.
inconsonans. See In- not, and Consonant.]
Not consonant or agreeing; inconsistent; discordant. --
In*con"so*nant*ly, adv.
In`con*spic"u*ous (?), a. [L.
inconspicuus. See In- not, and Conspicuous.]
Not conspicuous or noticeable; hardly discernible. --
In`con*spic"u*ous*ly, adv. --
In`con*spic"u*ous*ness, n.
Boyle.
In*con"stance (?), n. [F. See
Inconstancy.] Inconstancy. Chaucer.
In*con"stan*cy (?), n. [L.
inconstantia.] The quality or state of being inconstant;
want of constancy; mutability; fickleness; variableness.
For unto knight there was no greater shame,
Than lightness and inconstancie in love.
Spenser.
In*con"stant (?), a. [L.
inconstans: cf. F. inconstant. See In- not, and
Constant.] Not constant; not stable or uniform; subject
to change of character, appearance, opinion, inclination, or purpose,
etc.; not firm; unsteady; fickle; changeable; variable; -- said of
persons or things; as, inconstant in love or friendship.
"The inconstant moon." Shak.
While we, inquiring phantoms of a day,
Inconstant as the shadows we survey!
Boyse.
Syn. -- Mutable; fickle; volatile; unsteady; unstable;
changeable; variable; wavering; fluctuating.
In*con"stant*ly, adv. In an
inconstant manner.
In`con*sum"a*ble (?), a. Not
consumable; incapable of being consumed, wasted, or spent.
Paley. -- In`con*sum"a*bly,
adv.
In`con*sum"mate (?), a. [L.
inconsummatus. See In- not, and Consummate.]
Not consummated; not finished; incomplete. Sir M.
Hale. -- In`con*sum"mate*ness, n.
In`con*sump"ti*ble (?), a. [L.
inconsumptibilis.] Inconsumable. [Obs.] Sir K.
Digby.
In`con*tam"i*nate (?), a. [L.
incontaminatus. See In- not, and not, and
Contaminate.] Not contaminated; pure. Moore.
-- In`con*tam"i*nate*ness, n.
In*con`ten*ta"tion (?), n. [See In-
not, and Content.] Discontent. [Obs.]
Goodwin.
In`con*test`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being incontestable.
In`con*test"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + contestable: cf. F. incontestable.] Not
contestable; not to be disputed; that cannot be called in question or
controverted; incontrovertible; indisputable; as,
incontestable evidence, truth, or facts.
Locke.
Syn. -- Incontrovertible; indisputable; irrefragable;
undeniable; unquestionable; intuitable; certain.
-- In`con*test"a*ble*ness, n. --
In`con*test"a*bly, adv.
In`con*test"ed, a. Not
contested. Addison.
In`con*tig"u*ous (?), a. [L.
incontiguus that can not be touched. See In- not, and
Contiguous.] Not contiguous; not adjoining or in contact;
separate. Boyle. -- In`con*tig"u*ous*ly,
adv.
{ In*con"ti*nence (?), In*con"ti*nen*cy (?), }
n. [L. incontinentia: cf. F.
incontinence.]
1. Incapacity to hold; hence, incapacity to
hold back or restrain; the quality or state of being incontinent;
want of continence; failure to restrain the passions or appetites;
indulgence of lust; lewdness.
That Satan tempt you not for your
incontinency.
1 Cor. vii. 5.
From the rash hand of bold
incontinence.
Milton.
2. (Med.) The inability of any of the
animal organs to restrain the natural evacuations, so that the
discharges are involuntary; as, incontinence of
urine.
In*con"ti*nent (?), a. [L.
incontinens: cf. F. incontinent. See In- not,
and Continent.]
1. Not continent; uncontrolled; not
restraining the passions or appetites, particularly the sexual
appetite; indulging unlawful lust; unchaste; lewd.
2. (Med.) Unable to restrain natural
evacuations.
In*con"ti*nent, n. One who is
unchaste. B. Jonson.
In*con"ti*nent, adv. [Cf. F.
incontinent.] Incontinently; instantly;
immediately. [Obs.]
He says he will return
incontinent.
Shak.
In*con"ti*nent*ly, adv.
1. In an incontinent manner; without restraint,
or without due restraint; -- used esp. of the passions or
appetites.
2. Immediately; at once; forthwith.
[Archaic]
Immediately he sent word to Athens that he would
incontinently come hither with a host of men.
Golding.
In`con*tract"ed (?), a.
Uncontracted. [Obs.] Blackwall.
In`con*trol"la*ble (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + controllable: cf. F.
incontrôlable.] Not controllable;
uncontrollable. -- In`con*trol"la*bly,
adv. South.
In*con`tro*ver`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The state or condition of being incontrovertible.
In*con`tro*ver"ti*ble (?), a. Not
controvertible; too clear or certain to admit of dispute;
indisputable. Sir T. Browne. --
In*con`tro*ver"ti*ble*ness, n. --
In*con`tro*ver"ti*bly, adv.
In`con*ven"ience (?), n. [L.
inconvenientia inconsistency: cf. OF.
inconvenience.]
1. The quality or condition of being
inconvenient; want of convenience; unfitness; unsuitableness;
inexpediency; awkwardness; as, the inconvenience of the
arrangement.
They plead against the inconvenience, not the
unlawfulness, . . . of ceremonies in burial.
Hooker.
2. That which gives trouble, embarrassment,
or uneasiness; disadvantage; anything that disturbs quiet, impedes
prosperity, or increases the difficulty of action or success; as, one
inconvenience of life is poverty.
A place upon the top of Mount Athos above all clouds
of rain, or other inconvenience.
Sir W.
Raleigh.
Man is liable to a great many
inconveniences.
Tillotson.
Syn. -- Incommodiousness; awkwardness; disadvantage;
disquiet; uneasiness; disturbance; annoyance.
In`con*ven"ience, v. t. To put to
inconvenience; to incommode; as, to inconvenience a
neighbor.
In`con*ven"ien*cy (?), n.
Inconvenience.
In`con*ven"ient (?), a. [L.
inconveniens unbefitting: cf. F. inconvénient.
See In- not, and Convenient.]
1. Not becoming or suitable; unfit;
inexpedient.
2. Not convenient; giving trouble,
uneasiness, or annoyance; hindering progress or success;
uncomfortable; disadvantageous; incommodious; inopportune; as, an
inconvenient house, garment, arrangement, or time.
Syn. -- Unsuitable; uncomfortable; disaccommodating;
awkward; unseasonable; inopportune; incommodious; disadvantageous;
troublesome; cumbersome; embarrassing; objectionable.
In`con*ven"ient*ly, adv. In an
inconvenient manner; incommodiously; unsuitably;
unseasonably.
In`con*vers"a*ble (?), a.
Incommunicative; unsocial; reserved. [Obs.]
In*con"ver*sant (?), a. Not
conversant; not acquainted; not versed; unfamiliar.
In`con*vert"ed (?), a. Not turned
or changed about. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
In`con*vert`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
inconvertibilitas.] The quality or state of being
inconvertible; not capable of being exchanged for, or converted into,
something else; as, the inconvertibility of an irredeemable
currency, or of lead, into gold.
In`con*vert"i*ble (?), a. [L.
inconvertibilis: cf. F. inconvertible. See In-
not, and Convertible.] Not convertible; not capable of
being transmuted, changed into, or exchanged for, something else; as,
one metal is inconvertible into another; bank notes are
sometimes inconvertible into specie. Walsh.
In`con*vert"i*ble*ness, n.
Inconvertibility.
In`con*vert"i*bly, adv. In an
inconvertible manner.
In`con*vin"ci*ble (?), a. [L.
inconvincibilis. See In- not, and Convince.]
Not convincible; incapable of being convinced.
None are so inconvincible as your half-witted
people.
Gov. of the Tongue.
In`con*vin"ci*bly, adv. In a
manner not admitting of being convinced.
In*co"ny (?), a. [Cf. Conny,
Canny.] Unlearned; artless; pretty; delicate.
[Obs.]
Most sweet jests! most incony vulgar
wit!
Shak.
In`co*ör"di*nate (?), a. Not
coördinate.
In`co*ör`di*na"tion (?), n.
Want of coördination; lack of harmonious adjustment or
action.
Incoördination of muscular movement
(Physiol.), irregularity in movements resulting from
inharmonious action of the muscles in consequence of loss of
voluntary control over them.
In*cor"o*nate (?), a. [Pref. in-
in + coronate.] Crowned. [R.]
Longfellow.
In*cor"po*ral (?), a. [L.
incorporalis. See In- not, and Corporal, and cf.
Incorporeal.] Immaterial; incorporeal; spiritual.
[Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
In*cor`po*ral"i*ty (?), n. [L.
incorporalitas: cf. F. incorporalité.]
Incorporeality. [Obs.] Bailey.
In*cor"po*ral*ly (?), adv.
Incorporeally. [Obs.]
In*cor"po*rate (?), a. [L.
incorporatus. See In- not, and Corporate.]
1. Not consisting of matter; not having a
material body; incorporeal; spiritual.
Moses forbore to speak of angles, and things
invisible, and incorporate.
Sir W.
Raleigh.
2. Not incorporated; not existing as a
corporation; as, an incorporate banking association.
In*cor"po*rate, a. [L.
incorporatus, p. p. of incorporare to incorporate;
pref. in- in + corporare to make into a body. See
Corporate.] Corporate; incorporated; made one body, or
united in one body; associated; mixed together; combined;
embodied.
As if our hands, our sides, voices, and minds
Had been incorporate.
Shak.
A fifteenth part of silver incorporate with
gold.
Bacon.
In*cor"po*rate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Incorporated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incorporating (?).]
1. To form into a body; to combine, as
different ingredients, into one consistent mass.
By your leaves, you shall not stay alone,
Till holy church incorporate two in one.
Shak.
2. To unite with a material body; to give a
material form to; to embody.
The idolaters, who worshiped their images as gods,
supposed some spirit to be incorporated therein.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
3. To unite with, or introduce into, a mass
already formed; as, to incorporate copper with silver; -- used
with with and into.
4. To unite intimately; to blend; to
assimilate; to combine into a structure or organization, whether
material or mental; as, to incorporate provinces into the
realm; to incorporate another's ideas into one's
work.
The Romans did not subdue a country to put the
inhabitants to fire and sword, but to incorporate them into
their own community.
Addison.
5. To form into a legal body, or body
politic; to constitute into a corporation recognized by law, with
special functions, rights, duties and liabilities; as, to
incorporate a bank, a railroad company, a city or town,
etc.
In*cor"po*rate (?), v. i. To unite
in one body so as to make a part of it; to be mixed or blended; --
usually followed by with.
Painters' colors and ashes do better
incorporate will oil.
Bacon.
He never suffers wrong so long to grow,
And to incorporate with right so far
As it might come to seem the same in show.
Daniel.
In*cor"po*ra`ted (?), a. United in
one body; formed into a corporation; made a legal entity.
In*cor`po*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
incorporatio: cf. F. incorporation.]
1. The act of incorporating, or the state of
being incorporated.
2. The union of different ingredients in one
mass; mixture; combination; synthesis.
3. The union of something with a body already
existing; association; intimate union; assimilation; as, the
incorporation of conquered countries into the Roman
republic.
4. (Law) (a) The act
of creating a corporation. (b) A body
incorporated; a corporation.
In*cor"po*ra*tive (?), a.
Incorporating or tending to incorporate; as, the
incorporative languages (as of the Basques, North American
Indians, etc. ) which run a whole phrase into one word.
History demonstrates that incorporative unions
are solid and permanent; but that a federal union is
weak.
W. Belsham.
In*cor"po*ra`tor (?), n. One of a
number of persons who gets a company incorporated; one of the
original members of a corporation.
In`cor*po"re*al (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + corporeal: cf. L. incorporeus. Cf.
Incorporal.]
1. Not corporeal; not having a material body
or form; not consisting of matter; immaterial.
Thus incorporeal spirits to smaller forms
Reduced their shapes immense.
Milton.
Sense and perception must necessarily proceed from
some incorporeal substance within us.
Bentley.
2. (Law) Existing only in
contemplation of law; not capable of actual visible seizin or
possession; not being an object of sense; intangible; -- opposed to
corporeal.
Incorporeal hereditament. See under
Hereditament.
Syn. -- Immaterial; unsubstantial; bodiless; spiritual.
In`cor*po"re*al*ism (?), n.
Existence without a body or material form; immateriality.
Cudworth.
In`cor*po"re*al*ist, n. One who
believes in incorporealism. Cudworth.
In`cor*po`re*al"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being incorporeal or bodiless; immateriality;
incorporealism. G. Eliot.
In`cor*po"re*al*ly (?), adv. In an
incorporeal manner. Bacon.
In*cor`po*re"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + corporeity: cf. F. incorporéite.]
The quality of being incorporeal; immateriality.
Berkeley.
In*corpse" (?), v. t. To
incorporate. [R.] Shak.
In`cor*rect" (?), a. [L.
incorrectus: cf. F. incorrect. See In- not, and
Correct.]
1. Not correct; not according to a copy or
model, or to established rules; inaccurate; faulty.
The piece, you think, is
incorrect.
Pope.
2. Not in accordance with the truth;
inaccurate; not exact; as, an incorrect statement or
calculation.
3. Not accordant with duty or morality; not
duly regulated or subordinated; unbecoming; improper; as,
incorrect conduct.
It shows a will most incorrect to
heaven.
Shak.
The wit of the last age was yet more incorrect
than their language.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Inaccurate; erroneous; wrong; faulty.
In`cor*rec"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + correction: cf. F. incorrection.] Want
of correction, restraint, or discipline. [Obs.]
Arnway.
In`cor*rect"ly (?), adv. Not
correctly; inaccurately; not exactly; as, a writing
incorrectly copied; testimony incorrectly
stated.
In`cor*rect"ness, n. The quality
of being incorrect; want of conformity to truth or to a standard;
inaccuracy; inexactness; as, incorrectness may consist in
defect or in redundance.
{ In*cor`re*spond"ence (?),
In*cor`re*spond"en*cy (?), } n. Want
of correspondence; disagreement; disproportion. [R.]
In*cor`re*spond"ing, a. Not
corresponding; disagreeing. [R.] Coleridge.
In*cor`ri*gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
incorrigibilité.] The state or quality of being
incorrigible.
The ingratitude, the incorrigibility, the
strange perverseness . . . of mankind.
Barrow.
In*cor"ri*gi*ble (?), a. [L.
incorrigibilis: cf. F. incorrigible. See In-
not, and Corrigible.] Not corrigible; incapable of being
corrected or amended; bad beyond correction; irreclaimable; as,
incorrigible error. "Incorrigible fools."
Dryden.
In*cor"ri*gi*ble (?), n. One who
is incorrigible; especially, a hardened criminal; as, the perpetual
imprisonment of incorrigibles.
In*cor"ri*gi*ble*ness (?), n.
Incorrigibility. Dr. H. More.
In*cor"ri*gi*bly, adv. In an
incorrigible manner.
In`cor*rod"i*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being corroded, consumed, or eaten away.
In`cor*rupt" (?), a. [L.
incorruptus. See In- not, and Corrupt.]
1. Not affected with corruption or decay;
unimpaired; not marred or spoiled.
2. Not defiled or depraved; pure; sound;
untainted; above the influence of bribes; upright; honest.
Milton.
Your Christian principles . . . which will preserve
you incorrupt as individuals.
Bp.
Hurd.
In`cor*rupt"ed (?), a.
Uncorrupted. [Obs.]
Breathed into their incorrupted
breasts.
Sir J. Davies.
In`cor*rupt`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
incorruptibilitas: cf. F. incorruptibilité.]
The quality of being incorruptible; incapability of
corruption. Holland.
In`cor*rupt"i*ble (?), a. [L.
incorruptibilis: cf. F. incorruptible. See In-
not, and Corrupt.]
1. Not corruptible; incapable of corruption,
decay, or dissolution; as, gold is incorruptible.
Our bodies shall be changed into incorruptible
and immortal substances.
Wake.
2. Incapable of being bribed or morally
corrupted; inflexibly just and upright.
In`cor*rupt"i*ble, n. (Eccl.
Hist.) One of a religious sect which arose in Alexandria, in
the reign of the Emperor Justinian, and which believed that the body
of Christ was incorruptible, and that he suffered hunger, thirst,
pain, only in appearance.
In`cor*rupt"i*ble*ness, n. The
quality or state of being incorruptible. Boyle.
In`cor*rupt"i*bly, adv. In an
incorruptible manner.
In`cor*rup"tion (?), n. [L.
incorruptio: cf. F. incorruption. See In- not,
and Corruption.] The condition or quality of being
incorrupt or incorruptible; absence of, or exemption from,
corruption.
It is sown in corruption; it is raised in
incorruption.
1 Cor. xv. 42.
The same preservation, or, rather,
incorruption, we have observed in the flesh of turkeys,
capons, etc.
Sir T. Browne.
In`cor*rupt"ive (?), a. [L.
incorruptivus.] Incorruptible; not liable to decay.
Akenside.
In`cor*rupt"ly (?), adv. Without
corruption.
To demean themselves incorruptly.
Milton.
In`cor*rupt"ness, n. 1.
Freedom or exemption from decay or corruption.
2. Probity; integrity; honesty.
Woodward.
In*cras"sate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Incrassated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incrassating.] [L. incrassatus, p. p. of
incrassare; pref. in- in + crassus thick.]
To make thick or thicker; to thicken; especially, in pharmacy,
to thicken (a liquid) by the mixture of another substance, or by
evaporating the thinner parts.
Acids dissolve or attenuate; alkalies precipitate or
incrassate.
Sir I. Newton.
Liquors which time hath incrassated into
jellies.
Sir T. Browne.
In*cras"sate, v. i. To become
thick or thicker.
{ In*cras"sate (?), In*cras"sa*ted (?), }
a. [L. incrassatus, p. p.]
1. Made thick or thicker; thickened;
inspissated.
2. (Bot.) Thickened; becoming
thicker. Martyn.
3. (Zoöl.) Swelled out on some
particular part, as the antennæ of certain insects.
In`cras*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
incrassation.]
1. The act or process of thickening or making
thick; the process of becoming thick or thicker.
2. The state of being incrassated or made
thick; inspissation. Sir T. Browne.
In*cras"sa*tive (?), a. Having the
quality of thickening; tending to thicken. Harvey.
In*cras"sa*tive, n. A substance
which has the power to thicken; formerly, a medicine supposed to
thicken the humors. Harvey.
In*creas"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being increased. Sherwood. --
In*creas"a*ble*ness, n.
An indefinite increasableness of some of our
ideas.
Bp. Law.
In*crease" (?), v. i. [imp. &
p. p. Increased (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Increasing.] [OE. incresen,
encresen, enrescen, OF. encreistre, fr. L.
increscere; pref. in- in + crescere to grow. See
Crescent, and cf. Decrease.]
1. To become greater or more in size,
quantity, number, degree, value, intensity, power, authority,
reputation, wealth; to grow; to augment; to advance; -- opposed to
decrease.
The waters increased and bare up the
ark.
Gen. vii. 17.
He must increase, but I must
decrease.
John iii. 30.
The heavens forbid
But that our loves and comforts should increase,
Even as our days do grow!
Shak.
2. To multiply by the production of young; to
be fertile, fruitful, or prolific.
Fishes are more numerous or increasing than
beasts or birds, as appears by their numerous spawn.
Sir M. Hale.
3. (Astron.) To become more nearly
full; to show more of the surface; to wax; as, the moon
increases.
Increasing function (Math.), a
function whose value increases when that of the variable increases,
and decreases when the latter is diminished.
Syn. -- To enlarge; extend; multiply; expand; develop;
heighten; amplify; raise; enhance; spread; aggravate; magnify;
augment; advance. -- To Increase, Enlarge,
Extend. Enlarge implies to make larger or broader in
size. Extend marks the progress of enlargement so as to have
wider boundaries. Increase denotes enlargement by growth and
internal vitality, as in the case of plants. A kingdom is
enlarged by the addition of new territories; the mind is
enlarged by knowledge. A kingdom is extended when its
boundaries are carried to a greater distance from the center. A man's
riches, honors, knowledge, etc., are increased by accessions
which are made from time to time.
In*crease" (?), v. t. To augment
or make greater in bulk, quantity, extent, value, or amount, etc.; to
add to; to extend; to lengthen; to enhance; to aggravate; as, to
increase one's possessions, influence.
I will increase the famine.
Ezek. v. 16.
Make denials
Increase your services.
Shak.
In"crease (?; 277), n. [OE.
encres, encresse. See Increase, v.
i.]
1. Addition or enlargement in size, extent,
quantity, number, intensity, value, substance, etc.; augmentation;
growth.
As if increase of appetite had grown
By what it fed on.
Shak.
For things of tender kind for pleasure made
Shoot up with swift increase, and sudden are
decay'd.
Dryden.
2. That which is added to the original stock
by augmentation or growth; produce; profit; interest.
Take thou no usury of him, or
increase.
Lev. xxv. 36.
Let them not live to taste this land's
increase.
Shak.
3. Progeny; issue; offspring.
All the increase of thy house shall die in the
flower of their age.
1 Sam. ii. 33.
4. Generation. [Obs.] "Organs of
increase." Shak.
5. (Astron.) The period of increasing
light, or luminous phase; the waxing; -- said of the moon.
Seeds, hair, nails, hedges, and herbs will grow
soonest if set or cut in the increase of the
moon.
Bacon.
Increase twist, the twixt of a rifle groove
in which the angle of twist increases from the breech to the
muzzle.
Syn. -- Enlargement; extension; growth; development;
increment; addition; accession; production.
In*crease"ful (?), a. Full of
increase; abundant in produce. "Increaseful crops." [R.]
Shak.
In*crease"ment (?), n.
Increase. [R.] Bacon.
In*creas"er (?), n. One who, or
that, increases.
In*creas"ing*ly, adv. More and
more.
In`cre*ate" (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Increated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Increating.] [Pref. in- in +
create.] To create within. [R.]
{ In"cre*ate (?), In"cre*a`ted (?), }
a. [L. increatus. See In- not, and
Create.] Uncreated; self-existent. [R.]
Bright effluence of bright essence
increate.
Milton.
In*cred`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
incredibilitas: cf. F.
incrédibilité.]
1. The quality or state of being incredible;
incredibleness. Dryden.
2. That which is incredible.
Johnson.
In*cred"i*ble (?), a. [L.
incredibilis: cf. OF. incredible. See In- not,
and Credible.] Not credible; surpassing belief; too
extraordinary and improbable to admit of belief; unlikely; marvelous;
fabulous.
Why should it be thought a thing incredible
with you, that God should raise the dead?
Acts xxvi.
8.
In*cred"i*ble*ness, n.
Incredibility.
In*cred"i*bly, adv. In an
incredible manner.
In*cred"it*ed (?), a.
Uncredited. [Obs.]
In`cre*du"li*ty (?), n. [L.
incredulitas: cf. F. incrédulité.]
The state or quality of being incredulous; a withholding or
refusal of belief; skepticism; unbelief; disbelief.
Of every species of incredulity, religious
unbelief is the most irrational.
Buckminster.
In*cred"u*lous (?; 135), a. [L.
incredulus. See In- not, and Credulous.]
1. Not credulous; indisposed to admit or
accept that which is related as true, skeptical; unbelieving.
Bacon.
A fantastical incredulous fool.
Bp. Wilkins.
2. Indicating, or caused by, disbelief or
incredulity. "An incredulous smile."
Longfellow.
3. Incredible; not easy to be believed.
[R.] Shak.
In*cred"u*lous*ly, adv. In an
incredulous manner; with incredulity.
In*cred"u*lous*ness, n.
Incredulity.
In*crem"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + L. cremabilis combustible, fr. cremare to burn.]
Incapable of being burnt; incombustibe. Sir T.
Browne.
In"cre*mate (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in + cremate.] To consume or reduce to ashes by
burning, as a dead body; to cremate.
In`cre*ma"tion (?), n. Burning;
esp., the act of burning a dead body; cremation.
In"cre*ment (?), n. [L.
incrementum: cf. F. incrément. See
Increase.]
1. The act or process of increasing; growth
in bulk, guantity, number, value, or amount; augmentation;
enlargement.
The seminary that furnisheth matter for the formation
and increment of animal and vegetable bodies.
Woodward.
A nation, to be great, ought to be compressed in its
increment by nations more civilized than itself.
Coleridge.
2. Matter added; increase; produce;
production; -- opposed to decrement. "Large
increment." J. Philips.
3. (Math.) The increase of a variable
quantity or fraction from its present value to its next ascending
value; the finite quantity, generally variable, by which a variable
quantity is increased.
4. (Rhet.) An amplification without
strict climax, as in the following passage:
Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true,
whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever
things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are
of good report, . . . think on these things.
Phil.
iv. 8.
Infinitesimal increment (Math.), an
infinitesimally small variation considered in Differential Calculus.
See Calculus. -- Method of increments
(Math.), a calculus founded on the properties of the
successive values of variable quantities and their differences or
increments. It differs from the method of fluxions in treating
these differences as finite, instead of infinitely small, and is
equivalent to the calculus of finite differences.
In`cre*men"tal (?), a. (Biol.)
Pertaining to, or resulting from, the process of growth; as, the
incremental lines in the dentine of teeth.
In"cre*pate (?), v. t. [L.
increpatus, p. p. of increpare to upbraid; pref. in-
in, against + crepare to talk noisily.] To chide; to
rebuke; to reprove. [Obs.]
In`cre*pa"tion (?), n. [L.
increpatio.] A chiding; rebuke; reproof. [Obs.]
Hammond.
In*cres"cent (?), a. [L.
increscens, -entis, p. pr. of increscere. See
Increase.]
1. Increasing; growing; augmenting; swelling;
enlarging.
Between the incresent and decrescent
moon.
Tennyson.
2. (Her.) Increasing; on the increase;
-- said of the moon represented as the new moon, with the points
turned toward the dexter side.
In*crest" (?), v. t. To adorn with
a crest. [R.] Drummond.
In*crim"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Incriminated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incriminating.] [LL. incriminatus, p. p.
of incriminare; in- in + criminare,
criminari, to accuse one of a crime. See Criminate.]
To accuse; to charge with a crime or fault; to
criminate.
In*crim`i*na"tion (?), n. The act
of incriminating; crimination.
In*crim"i*na*to*ry (?), a. Of or
pertaining to crimination; tending to incriminate;
criminatory.
In`cru*en"tal (?), a. [L.
incruentus. See In- not, and Cruentous.]
Unbloody; not attended with blood; as, an incruental
sacrifice. [Obs.] Brevint.
In*crust" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incrusted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Incrusting.] [L. incrustare; pref. in- in +
crustare to cover with a crust: cf. F. incruster. See
Crust.] [Written also encrust.]
1. To cover or line with a crust, or hard
coat; to form a crust on the surface of; as, iron incrusted
with rust; a vessel incrusted with salt; a sweetmeat
incrusted with sugar.
And by the frost refin'd the whiter snow,
Incrusted hard.
Thomson.
2. (Fine Arts) To inlay into, as a
piece of carving or other ornamental object.
In*crus"tate (?), a. [L.
incrustatus, p. p. See Incrust.] Incrusted.
Bacon.
In*crus"tate (?), v. t. To
incrust. [R.] Cheyne.
In`crus*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
incrustatio: cf. F. incrustation. See
Incrust.]
1. The act of incrusting, or the state of
being incrusted.
2. A crust or hard coating of anything upon
or within a body, as a deposit of lime, sediment, etc., from water on
the inner surface of a steam boiler.
3. (Arch.) A covering or inlaying of
marble, mosaic, etc., attached to the masonry by cramp irons or
cement.
4. (Fine Arts) Anything inlaid or
imbedded.
In*crust"ment (?), n.
Incrustation. [R.]
In*crys"tal*li`za*ble (?), a. Not
crystallizable; incapable of being formed into crystals.
In"cu*bate (?), v. i. & t.
[imp. & p. p. Incubated (?); p. pr.
& vb. n. Incubating (?).] [L. incubatus, p.
p. incubare to lie on; pref. in- in, on + cubare
to lie down. Cf. Cubit, Incumbent.] To sit, as on
eggs for hatching; to brood; to brood upon, or keep warm, as eggs,
for the purpose of hatching.
In`cu*ba"tion (?), n. [L.
incubatio: cf. F. incubation.]
1. A sitting on eggs for the purpose of
hatching young; a brooding on, or keeping warm, (eggs) to develop the
life within, by any process. Ray.
2. (Med.) The development of a disease
from its causes, or its period of incubation. (See below.)
3. A sleeping in a consecrated place for the
purpose of dreaming oracular dreams. Tylor.
Period of incubation, or Stage of
incubation (Med.), the period which elapses
between exposure to the causes of a disease and the attack resulting
from it; the time of development of the supposed germs or
spores.
In"cu*ba*tive (?), a. Of or
pertaining to incubation, or to the period of incubation.
In"cu*ba`tor (?), n. That which
incubates, especially, an apparatus by means of which eggs are
hatched by artificial heat.
In*cu"ba*to*ry (?), a. Serving for
incubation.
In*cube" (?), v. t. To fix firmly,
as in cube; to secure or place firmly. [Obs.]
Milton.
In*cu"bi*ture (?; 135), n. [Cf. L.
incubitus.] Incubation. [Obs.] J.
Ellis.
In"cu*bous (?), a. [From L.
incubare to lie on.] (Bot.) Having the leaves so
placed that the upper part of each one covers the base of the leaf
next above it, as in hepatic mosses of the genus Frullania.
See Succubous.
In"cu*bus (?), n.; pl. E.
Incubuses (#), L. Incubi (#).
[L., the nightmare. Cf. Incubate.]
1. A demon; a fiend; a lascivious spirit,
supposed to have sexual intercourse with women by night.
Tylor.
The devils who appeared in the female form were
generally called succubi; those who appeared like men incubi,
though this distinction was not always preserved.
Lecky.
2. (Med.) The nightmare. See
Nightmare.
Such as are troubled with incubus, or witch-
ridden, as we call it.
Burton.
3. Any oppressive encumbrance or burden;
anything that prevents the free use of the faculties.
Debt and usury is the incubus which weighs most
heavily on the agricultural resources of Turkey.
J.
L. Farley.
In*cul"cate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Inculcated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inculcating (?).] [L. inculcatus, p. p. of
inculcare to tread on; pref. in- in, on +
calcare to tread, fr. calx the heel; perh. akin to E.
heel. Cf. 2d Calk, Heel.] To teach and
impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions; to urge on the mind;
as, Christ inculcates on his followers humility.
The most obvious and necessary duties of life they
have not yet had authority enough to enforce and inculcate
upon men's minds.
S. Clarke.
Syn. -- To instill; infuse; implant; engraft; impress.
In`cul*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
inculcatio: cf. F. inculcation.] A teaching and
impressing by frequent repetitions. Bp. Hall.
In*cul"ca*tor (?), n. [L.] One who
inculcates. Boyle.
In*culk" (?). v. t. [Cf. F.
inculquer. See Inculcate.] To inculcate.
[Obs.] Sir T. More.
In*culp" (?), v. t. [Cf.
inculper. See Inculpate.] To inculpate.
[Obs.] Shelton.
In*cul"pa*ble (?), a. [L.
inculpabilis: cf. F. incupable.] Faultless;
blameless; innocent. South.
An innocent and incupable piece of
ignorance.
Killingbeck.
In*cul"pa*ble*ness, n.
Blamelessness; faultlessness.
In*cul"pa*bly, adv.
Blamelessly. South.
In*cul"pate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Inculpated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Inculpating (?).] [LL. inculpatus, p. p.
of inculpare to blame; pref. in- in + culpa
fault. See Culpable.] [A word of recent introduction.] To
blame; to impute guilt to; to accuse; to involve or implicate in
guilt.
That risk could only exculpate her and not
inculpate them -- the probabilities protected them so
perfectly.
H. James.
In`cul*pa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
inculpation.] Blame; censure; crimination.
Jefferson.
In*cul"pa*to*ry (?), a. Imputing
blame; criminatory; compromising; implicating.
In*cult" (?), a. [L. incultus;
pref. in- not + cultus, p. p. of colere to
cultivate: cf. F. inculte.] Untilled; uncultivated;
crude; rude; uncivilized.
Germany then, says Tacitus, was incult and
horrid, now full of magnificent cities.
Burton.
His style is diffuse and incult.
M. W. Shelley.
In*cul"ti*va`ted (?), a.
Uncultivated. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.
In*cul`ti*va"tion (?), n. Want of
cultivation. [Obs.] Berington.
In*cul"ture (?; 135), n. [Pref. in-
not + culture: cf. F. inculture.] Want or
neglect of cultivation or culture. [Obs.] Feltham.
In*cum"ben*cy (?), n.; pl.
Incumbencies (#). [From Incumbent.]
1. The state of being incumbent; a lying or
resting on something.
2. That which is physically incumbent; that
which lies as a burden; a weight. Evelyn.
3. That which is morally incumbent, or is
imposed, as a rule, a duty, obligation, or responsibility. "The
incumbencies of a family." Donne.
4. The state of holding a benefice; the full
possession and exercise of any office.
These fines are only to be paid to the bishop during
his incumbency.
Swift.
In*cum"bent (?), a. [L.
incumbens, -entis, p. pr. of incumbere to lie
down upon, press upon; pref. in- in, on + cumbere (in
comp.); akin to cubare to lie down. See Incubate.]
1. Lying; resting; reclining; recumbent;
superimposed; superincumbent.
Two incumbent figures, gracefully leaning upon
it.
Sir H. Wotton.
To move the incumbent load they
try.
Addison.
2. Lying, resting, or imposed, as a duty or
obligation; obligatory; always with on or
upon.
All men, truly zealous, will perform those good works
that are incumbent on all Christians.
Sprat.
3. (Bot.) Leaning or resting; -- said
of anthers when lying on the inner side of the filament, or of
cotyledons when the radicle lies against the back of one of
them. Gray.
4. (Zoöl.) Bent downwards so that
the ends touch, or rest on, something else; as, the incumbent
toe of a bird.
In*cum"bent, n. A person who is in
present possession of a benefice or of any office.
The incumbent lieth at the mercy of his
patron.
Swift.
In*cum"bent*ly, adv. In an
incumbent manner; so as to be incumbent.
In*cum"ber (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Incumbered (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incumbering.] See Encumber.
In`cum*bi"tion (?), n.
Incubation. [R.] Sterne.
In*cum"brance (?), n. [See
Encumbrance.] [Written also encumbrance.]
1. A burdensome and troublesome load;
anything that impedes motion or action, or renders it difficult or
laborious; clog; impediment; hindrance; check.
Cowper.
2. (Law) A burden or charge upon
property; a claim or lien upon an estate, which may diminish its
value.
In*cum"bran*cer (?), n. (Law)
One who holds an incumbrance, or some legal claim, lien, or
charge on an estate. Kent.
In*cum"brous (?), a. [Cf. OF.
encombros.] Cumbersome; troublesome. [Written also
encombrous.] [Obs.] Chaucer.
||In`cu*nab"u*lum (?), n.; pl.
Incunabula (#). [L. incunabula cradle,
birthplace, origin. See 1st In-, and Cunabula.] A
work of art or of human industry, of an early epoch; especially, a
book printed before a. d. 1500.
In*cur" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Incurred (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Incurring (?).] [L. incurrere to run into or toward;
pref. in- in + currere to run. See Current.]
1. To meet or fall in with, as something
inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to put one's self in the way of;
to expose one's self to; to become liable or subject to; to bring
down upon one's self; to encounter; to contract; as, to incur
debt, danger, displeasure, penalty, responsibility, etc.
I know not what I shall incur to pass it,
Having no warrant.
Shak.
2. To render liable or subject to; to
occasion. [Obs.]
Lest you incur me much more damage in my fame
than you have done me pleasure in preserving my life.
Chapman.
In*cur", v. i. To pass; to
enter. [Obs.]
Light is discerned by itself because by itself it
incurs into the eye.
South.
In*cur`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
incurabilité incurability, LL. incurabilitas
negligence.] The state of being incurable;
irremediableness. Harvey.
In*cur"a*ble (?), a. [F.
incurable, L. incurabilis. See In- not, and
Curable.]
1. Not capable of being cured; beyond the
power of skill or medicine to remedy; as, an incurable
disease.
A scirrhus is not absolutely
incurable.
Arbuthnot.
2. Not admitting or capable of remedy or
correction; irremediable; remediless; as, incurable
evils.
Rancorous and incurable hostility.
Burke.
They were laboring under a profound, and, as it might
have seemed, an almost incurable ignorance.
Sir J. Stephen.
Syn. -- Irremediable; remediless; irrecoverable;
irretrievable; irreparable; hopeless.
In*cur"a*ble, n. A person diseased
beyond cure.
In*cur"a*ble*ness, n. The state of
being incurable; incurability. Boyle.
In*cur"a*bly, adv. In a manner
that renders cure impracticable or impossible; irremediably.
"Incurably diseased." Bp. Hall. "Incurably
wicked." Blair.
In*cu`ri*os"i*ty (?), n. [L.
incuriositas: cf. F. incurosité.] Want of
curiosity or interest; inattentiveness; indifference. Sir
H. Wotton.
In*cu"ri*ous (?), a. [L.
incuriosus: cf. F. incurieux. See In- not, and
Curious.] Not curious or inquisitive; without care for or
interest in; inattentive; careless; negligent; heedless.
Carelessnesses and incurious deportments toward
their children.
Jer. Taylor.
In*cu"ri*ous*ly, adv. In an
curious manner.
In*cu"ri*ous*ness, n.
Unconcernedness; incuriosity.
Sordid incuriousness and slovenly
neglect.
Bp. Hall.
In*cur"rence (?), n. [See
Incur.] The act of incurring, bringing on, or subjecting
one's self to (something troublesome or burdensome); as, the
incurrence of guilt, debt, responsibility, etc.
In*cur"rent (?), a. [L.
incurrens, p. pr. incurere, incursum, to run in;
in- + currere to run.] (Zoöl.)
Characterized by a current which flows inward; as, the
incurrent orifice of lamellibranch Mollusca.
In*cur"sion (?), n. [L.
incursio: cf. F. incursion. See Incur.]
1. A running into; hence, an entering into a
territory with hostile intention; a temporary invasion; a predatory
or harassing inroad; a raid.
The Scythian, whose incursions wild
Have wasted Sogdiana.
Milton.
The incursions of the Goths disordered the
affairs of the Roman Empire.
Arbuthnot.
2. Attack; occurrence. [Obs.]
Sins of daily incursion.
South.
Syn. -- Invasion; inroad; raid; foray; sally; attack;
onset; irruption. See Invasion.
In*cur"sive (?), a. Making an
incursion; invasive; aggressive; hostile.
In*cur"tain (?), v. t. To
curtain. [Obs.]
In*cur"vate (?), a. [L.
incurvatus, p. p. of incurvare to crook; pref. in-
in + curvus bent. See Curve, and cf.
Incurve.] Curved; bent; crooked.
Derham.
In*cur"vate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Incurvated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Incurvating.] To turn from a straight line
or course; to bend; to crook. Cheyne.
In`cur*va"tion (?), n. [L.
incurvatio: cf. F. incurvation.]
1. The act of bending, or curving.
2. The state of being bent or curved;
curvature.
An incurvation of the rays.
Derham.
3. The act of bowing, or bending the body, in
respect or reverence. "The incurvations of the knee."
Bp. Hall.
In*curve" (&ibreve;n*kûv"), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Incurved (-kûvd");
p. pr. & vb. n. Incurving.] [See
Incurvate.] To bend; to curve; to make crooked.
In*curved" (&ibreve;n*kûvd"), a.
[Pref. in- in + curved.] (Bot.) Bending
gradually toward the axis or center, as branches or petals.
In*cur"vi*ty (&ibreve;n*kû"v&ibreve;*t&ybreve;),
n. [From L. incurvus bent. See
Incurvate.] A state of being bent or curved; incurvation;
a bending inwards. Sir T. Browne.
||In"cus (?), n. [L., anvil.]
1. An anvil.
2. (Anat.) One of the small bones in
the tympanum of the ear; the anvil bone. See Ear.
3. (Zoöl.) The central portion of
the armature of the pharynx in the Rotifera.
In*cuse" (?), a. [See Incuse,
v. t.] (Numismatics) Cut or stamped in,
or hollowed out by engraving. "Irregular incuse square."
Dr. W. Smith.
{ In*cuse" (?), In*cuss" (?), } v.
t. [L. incussus, p. p. of incutere to strike.
See 1st In-, and Concuss.] To form, or mold, by
striking or stamping, as a coin or medal.
In*cute" (?), v. t. [See
Incuse.] To strike or stamp in. [Obs.]
Becon.
In*cyst" (?), v. t. See
Encyst.
In*cyst"ed, a. See
Encysted.
Ind (?), n. India.
[Poetical] Shak. Milton.
In"da*gate (?), v. t. [L.
indagatus, p. p. of indagare to seek.] To seek or
search out. [Obs.]
In`da*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
indagatio: cf. F. indagation.] Search; inquiry;
investigation. [Obs.]
In"da*ga*tive (?), a. Searching;
exploring; investigating. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
In"da*ga`tor (?), n. [L.] A
searcher; an explorer; an investigator. [Obs.]
Searched into by such skillful indagators of
nature.
Boyle.
In*dam"age (?; 48), v. t. See
Endamage. [R.]
In*dam"aged (?), a. Not
damaged. [Obs.] Milton.
In*dart" (?), v. t. To pierce, as
with a dart.
In"da*zol (?), n. [Indol +
azote.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous compound,
C7H6N2, analogous to indol, and
produced from a diazo derivative of cinnamic acid.
Inde (?), a. Azure-colored; of a
bright blue color. [Obs.] Rom. of R.
In*dear" (?), v. t. See
Endear.
In*debt" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indebted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Indebting.] [OE. endetten, F. endetter; pref.
en- (L. in) + F. dette debt. See Debt.]
To bring into debt; to place under obligation; -- chiefly used
in the participle indebted.
Thy fortune hath indebted thee to
none.
Daniel.
In*debt"ed, a. 1.
Brought into debt; being under obligation; held to payment or
requital; beholden.
By owing, owes not, but still pays, at once
Indebted and discharged.
Milton.
2. Placed under obligation for something
received, for which restitution or gratitude is due; as, we are
indebted to our parents for their care of us in infancy;
indebted to friends for help and encouragement.
Cowper.
In*debt"ed*ness, n. 1.
The state of being indebted.
2. The sum owed; debts,
collectively.
In*debt"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
endettement.] Indebtedness. [R.] Bp.
Hall.
In*de"cence (?), n. See
Indecency. [Obs.] "An indecence of barbarity."
Bp. Burnet.
In*de"cen*cy (?), n.; pl.
Indecencies (#). [L. indecentia
unseemliness: cf. F. indécence.]
1. The quality or state of being indecent;
want of decency, modesty, or good manners; obscenity.
2. That which is indecent; an indecent word
or act; an offense against delicacy.
They who, by speech or writing, present to the ear or
the eye of modesty any of the indecencies I allude to, are
pests of society.
Beattie.
Syn. -- Indelicacy; indecorum; immodesty; impurity;
obscenity. See Indecorum.
In*de"cent (?), a. [L. indecens
unseemly, unbecoming: cf. F. indécent. See In-
not, and Decent.] Not decent; unfit to be seen or heard;
offensive to modesty and delicacy; as, indecent
language. Cowper.
Syn. -- Unbecoming; indecorous; indelicate; unseemly;
immodest; gross; shameful; impure; improper; obscene; filthy.
In*de"cent*ly, adv. In an indecent
manner.
In`de*cid"u*ate (?), a.
1. Indeciduous.
2. (Anat.) Having no decidua;
nondeciduate.
In`de*cid"u*ous (?), a. Not
deciduous or falling, as the leaves of trees in autumn; lasting;
evergreen; persistent; permanent; perennial.
The indeciduous and unshaven locks of
Apollo.
Sir T. Browne.
In*dec"i*ma*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + LL. decimare to tithe: cf. F.
indécimable. See Decimate.] Not decimable,
or liable to be decimated; not liable to the payment of tithes.
Cowell.
In`de*ci"pher*a*ble (?), a. Not
decipherable; incapable of being deciphered, explained, or
solved. -- In`de*ci"pher*a*bly,
adv.
In`de*ci"sion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + decision: cf. F. indécision.] Want of
decision; want of settled purpose, or of firmness; indetermination;
wavering of mind; irresolution; vacillation; hesitation.
The term indecision . . . implies an idea very
nicely different from irresolution; yet it has a tendency to produce
it.
Shenstone.
Indecision . . . is the natural accomplice of
violence.
Burke.
In`de*ci"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
indécisif.]
1. Not decisive; not bringing to a final or
ultimate issue; as, an indecisive battle, argument,
answer.
The campaign had everywhere been
indecisive.
Macaulay.
2. Undetermined; prone to indecision;
irresolute; unsettled; wavering; vacillating; hesitating; as, an
indecisive state of mind; an indecisive
character.
In`de*ci"sive*ly, adv. Without
decision.
In`de*ci"sive*ness, n. The state
of being indecisive; unsettled state.
In`de*clin"a*ble (?), a. [L.
indeclinabilis: cf. F. indéclinable. See In-
not, and Decline.] (Gram.) Not declinable;
not varied by inflective terminations; as, nihil (nothing), in
Latin, is an indeclinable noun. -- n.
An indeclinable word.
In`de*clin"a*bly, adv.
1. Without variation.
2. (Gram.) Without variation of
termination.
In*de`com*pos"a*ble (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + decomposable: cf. F.
indécomposable.] Not decomposable; incapable or
difficult of decomposition; not resolvable into its constituents or
elements.
In*de`com*pos"a*ble*ness, n.
Incapableness of decomposition; stability; permanence;
durability.
In`de*co"rous (?; 277), a. [L.
indecorous. See In- not, and Decorous.] Not
decorous; violating good manners; contrary to good breeding or
etiquette; unbecoming; improper; out of place; as, indecorous
conduct.
It was useless and indecorous to attempt
anything more by mere struggle.
Burke.
Syn. -- Unbecoming; unseemly; unbefitting; rude; coarse;
impolite; uncivil; ill-bred.
In`de*co"rous*ly, adv. In an
indecorous manner.
In`de*co"rous*ness, n. The quality
of being indecorous; want of decorum.
In`de*co"rum (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + decorum: cf. L. indecorous unbecoming.]
1. Want of decorum; impropriety of behavior;
that in behavior or manners which violates the established rules of
civility, custom, or etiquette; indecorousness.
2. An indecorous or unbecoming action.
Young.
Syn. -- Indecorum is sometimes synonymous with
indecency; but indecency, more frequently than
indecorum, is applied to words or actions which refer to what
nature and propriety require to be concealed or suppressed.
Indecency is the stronger word; indecorum refers to any
transgression of etiquette or civility, especially in public.
In*deed" (?), adv. [Prep. in +
deed.] In reality; in truth; in fact; verily; truly; -- used
in a variety of senses. Esp.: (a) Denoting emphasis;
as, indeed it is so. (b) Denoting concession
or admission; as, indeed, you are right. (c)
Denoting surprise; as, indeed, is it you? Its meaning is not
intrinsic or fixed, but depends largely on the form of expression
which it accompanies.
The carnal mind is enmity against God; for it is not
subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
Rom. viii. 7.
I were a beast indeed to do you
wrong.
Dryden.
There is, indeed, no great pleasure in visiting
these magazines of war.
Addison.
In`de*fat`i*ga*bil"i*ty
(&ibreve;n`d&esl;*făt`&ibreve;*g&adot;*b&ibreve;l"&ibreve;*t&y
breve;), n. The state of being
indefatigable.
In`de*fat"i*ga*ble
(&ibreve;n`d&esl;*făt"&ibreve;*g&adot;*b'l),
a. [L. indefatigabilis: cf. OF.
indefatigable. See In- not, and Defatigable, and
cf. Infatigable.] Incapable of being fatigued; not
readily exhausted; unremitting in labor or effort; untiring;
unwearying; not yielding to fatigue; as, indefatigable
exertions, perseverance, application. "A constant,
indefatigable attendance." South.
Upborne with indefatigable wings.
Milton.
Syn. -- Unwearied; untiring; persevering; persistent.
In`de*fat"i*ga*ble*ness, n.
Indefatigable quality; unweariedness; persistency.
Parnell.
In`de*fat"i*ga*bly, adv. Without
weariness; without yielding to fatigue; persistently.
Dryden.
In`de*fat`i*ga"tion (?), n.
Indefatigableness; unweariedness. [Obs.] J.
Gregory.
In`de*fea`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being indefeasible.
In`de*fea`si*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + defeasible: cf. OF. indefaisable.] Not
to be defeated; not defeasible; incapable of being annulled or made
void; as, an indefeasible or title.
That the king had a divine and an indefeasible
right to the regal power.
Macaulay.
In`de*fect`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
indéfectibilité.] The quality of being
indefectible. Barrow.
In`de*fect"i*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + defectible: cf. F. indéfectible.]
Not defectible; unfailing; not liable to defect, failure, or
decay.
An indefectible treasure in the
heavens.
Barrow.
A state of indefectible virtue and
happiness.
S. Clarke.
In`de*fect"ive (?), a. Not
defective; perfect; complete. "Absolute, indefective
obedience." South.
In`de*fei"si*ble (?), a.
Indefeasible. [Obs.]
In`de*fen`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of not being defensible. Walsh.
In`de*fen"si*ble (?), [Pref. in- not +
defensible: cf. OF. indefensible, indefensable.]
Not defensible; not capable of being defended, maintained,
vindicated, or justified; unjustifiable; untenable; as, an
indefensible fortress, position, cause, etc.
Men find that something can be said in favor of what,
on the very proposal, they thought utterly
indefensible.
Burke.
In`de*fen"si*bly, adv. In an
indefensible manner.
In`de*fen"sive (?), a.
Defenseless. [Obs.]
The sword awes the indefensive
villager.
Sir T. Herbert.
In`de*fi"cien*cy, n. The state or
quality of not being deficient. [Obs.] Strype.
In`de*fi"cient (?), a. [L.
indeficiens. See In- not, and Deficient.]
Not deficient; full. [Obs.]
Brighter than the sun, and indeficient as the
light of heaven.
Jer. Taylor.
In`de*fin"a*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being defined or described; inexplicable. Bp.
Reynolds.
In`de*fin"a*bly, adv. In an
indefinable manner.
In*def"i*nite (?), a. [L.
indefinitus. See In- not, and Definite.]
1. Not definite; not limited, defined, or
specified; not explicit; not determined or fixed upon; not precise;
uncertain; vague; confused; obscure; as, an indefinite time,
plan, etc.
It were to be wished that . . . men would leave off
that indefinite way of vouching, "the chymists say this," or
"the chymists affirm that."
Boyle.
The time of this last is left
indefinite.
Dryden.
2. Having no determined or certain limits;
large and unmeasured, though not infinite; unlimited; as,
indefinite space; the indefinite extension of a
straight line.
Though it is not infinite, it may be
indefinite; though it is not boundless in itself, it may be so
to human comprehension.
Spectator.
3. Boundless; infinite. [R.]
Indefinite and omnipresent God,
Inhabiting eternity.
W. Thompson (1745).
4. (Bot.) Too numerous or variable to
make a particular enumeration important; -- said of the parts of a
flower, and the like. Also, indeterminate.
Indefinite article (Gram.), the word
a or an, used with nouns to denote any one of a common
or general class. -- Indefinite inflorescence.
(Bot.) See Indeterminate inflorescence, under
Indeterminate. -- Indefinite
proposition (Logic), a statement whose subject
is a common term, with nothing to indicate distribution or
nondistribution; as, Man is mortal. -- Indefinite
term (Logic), a negative term; as, the not-
good.
Syn. -- Inexplicit; vague; uncertain; unsettled;
indeterminate; loose; equivocal; inexact; approximate.
In*def"i*nite*ly, adv. In an
indefinite manner or degree; without any settled limitation; vaguely;
not with certainty or exactness; as, to use a word
indefinitely.
If the world be indefinitely extended, that is,
so far as no human intellect can fancy any bound of it.
Ray.
In*def"i*nite*ness, n. The quality
of being indefinite.
In`de*fin"i*tude (?), n.
Indefiniteness; vagueness; also, number or quantity not limited
by our understanding, though yet finite. [Obs.] Sir M.
Hale.
In`de*his"cence (?), n. [Cf. F.
indéhiscence.] (Bot.) The property or state
of being indehiscent.
In`de*his"cent (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + dehiscent: cf. F. indéhiscent.]
(Bot.) Remaining closed at maturity, or not opening along
regular lines, as the acorn, or a cocoanut.
In`de*lec"ta*ble (?), a. Not
delectable; unpleasant; disagreeable. [R.]
Richardson.
In`de*lib"er*ate (?), a. [L.
indeliberatus. See In- not, and Deliberate.]
Done without deliberation; unpremeditated. [Obs.] --
In`de*lib"er*ate*ly, adv. [Obs.]
In`de*lib"er*a`ted (?), a.
Indeliberate. [Obs.]
In*del`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
indélébilité.] The quality of being
indelible. Bp. Horsley.
In*del"i*ble (?), a. [L.
indelebilis; pref. in- not + delebilis capable
of being destroyed: cf. F. indélébile. See
In- not, and Deleble.] [Formerly written also
indeleble, which accords with the etymology of the word.]
1. That can not be removed, washed away,
blotted out, or effaced; incapable of being canceled, lost, or
forgotten; as, indelible characters; an indelible
stain; an indelible impression on the memory.
2. That can not be annulled;
indestructible. [R.]
They are endued with indelible power from
above.
Sprat.
Indelible colors, fast colors which do not
fade or tarnish by exposure. -- Indelible ink,
an ink not obliterated by washing; esp., a solution of silver
nitrate.
Syn. -- Fixed; fast; permanent; ineffaceable.
-- In*del"i*ble*ness, n. --
In*del"i*bly, adv.
Indelibly stamped and impressed.
J. Ellis.
In*del"i*ca*cy (?), n.; pl.
Indelicacies (#). [From Indelicate.]
The quality of being indelicate; want of delicacy, or of a nice
sense of, or regard for, purity, propriety, or refinement in manners,
language, etc.; rudeness; coarseness; also, that which is offensive
to refined taste or purity of mind.
The indelicacy of English comedy.
Blair.
Your papers would be chargeable with worse than
indelicacy; they would be immoral.
Addison.
In*del"i*cate (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + delicate: cf. F. indélicat.] Not
delicate; wanting delicacy; offensive to good manners, or to purity
of mind; coarse; rude; as, an indelicate word or suggestion;
indelicate behavior. Macaulay. --
In*del"i*cate*ly, adv.
Syn. -- Indecorous; unbecoming; unseemly; rude; coarse;
broad; impolite; gross; indecent; offensive; improper; unchaste;
impure; unrefined.
In*dem`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
1. The act or process of indemnifying,
preserving, or securing against loss, damage, or penalty;
reimbursement of loss, damage, or penalty; the state of being
indemnified.
Indemnification is capable of some estimate;
dignity has no standard.
Burke.
2. That which indemnifies.
No reward with the name of an
indemnification.
De Quincey.
In*dem"ni*fy (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Indemnified (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Indemnifying (?).] [L. indemnis unhurt
(in- not + damnum hurt, damage) + -fy. Cf.
Damn, Damnify.]
1. To save harmless; to secure against loss
or damage; to insure.
The states must at last engage to the merchants here
that they will indemnify them from all that shall fall
out.
Sir W. Temple.
2. To make restitution or compensation for,
as for that which is lost; to make whole; to reimburse; to
compensate. Beattie.
In*dem"ni*ty (?), n.; pl.
Indemnities (#). [L. indemnitas, fr.
indemnis uninjured: cf. F. indemnité. See
Indemnify.]
1. Security; insurance; exemption from loss
or damage, past or to come; immunity from penalty, or the punishment
of past offenses; amnesty.
Having first obtained a promise of indemnity
for the riot they had committed.
Sir W.
Scott.
2. Indemnification, compensation, or
remuneration for loss, damage, or injury sustained.
They were told to expect, upon the fall of Walpole, a
large and lucrative indemnity for their pretended
wrongs.
Ld. Mahon.
&fist; Insurance is a contract of indemnity.
Arnould. The owner of private property taken for public use is
entitled to compensation or indemnity. Kent.
Act of indemnity (Law), an act or law
passed in order to relieve persons, especially in an official
station, from some penalty to which they are liable in consequence of
acting illegally, or, in case of ministers, in consequence of
exceeding the limits of their strict constitutional powers. These
acts also sometimes provide compensation for losses or damage, either
incurred in the service of the government, or resulting from some
public measure.
In`de*mon`stra*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality of being indemonstrable.
In`de*mon"stra*ble (?), a. [L.
indemonstrabilis. See In- not, and
Demonstrable.] Incapable of being demonstrated. --
In`de*mon"stra*ble*ness, n.
In*den`i*za"tion (?), n. The act
of naturalizing; endenization. [R.] Evelyn.
In*den"ize (?), v. t. To
naturalize. [R.]
In*den"i*zen (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Indenizened (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Indenizening.] To invest with the privileges
of a denizen; to naturalize. [R.]
Words indenizened, and commonly used as
English.
B. Jonson.
In*dent" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Indenting.] [OE. endenten to notch, fit in, OF.
endenter, LL. indentare, fr. L. in + dens,
dentis, tooth. See Tooth, and cf.
Indenture.]
1. To notch; to jag; to cut into points like
a row of teeth; as, to indent the edge of paper.
2. To dent; to stamp or to press in; to
impress; as, indent a smooth surface with a hammer; to
indent wax with a stamp.
3. [Cf. Indenture.] To bind out by
indenture or contract; to indenture; to apprentice; as, to
indent a young man to a shoemaker; to indent a
servant.
4. (Print.) To begin (a line or lines)
at a greater or less distance from the margin; as, to indent
the first line of a paragraph one em; to indent the second
paragraph two ems more than the first. See Indentation, and
Indention.
5. (Mil.) To make an order upon; to
draw upon, as for military stores. [India] Wilhelm.
In*dent", v. i. 1.
To be cut, notched, or dented.
2. To crook or turn; to wind in and out; to
zigzag.
3. To contract; to bargain or covenant.
Shak.
To indent and drive bargains with the
Almighty.
South.
In*dent" (?), n. 1.
A cut or notch in the margin of anything, or a recess like a
notch. Shak.
2. A stamp; an impression. [Obs.]
3. A certificate, or intended certificate,
issued by the government of the United States at the close of the
Revolution, for the principal or interest of the public debt.
D. Ramsay. A. Hamilton.
4. (Mil.) A requisition or order for
supplies, sent to the commissariat of an army. [India]
Wilhelm.
In`den*ta"tion (?), n.
1. The act of indenting or state of being
indented.
2. A notch or recess, in the margin or border
of anything; as, the indentations of a leaf, of the coast,
etc.
3. A recess or sharp depression in any
surface.
4. (Print.) (a) The
act of beginning a line or series of lines at a little distance
within the flush line of the column or page, as in the common way of
beginning the first line of a paragraph. (b)
The measure of the distance; as, an indentation of one
em, or of two ems.
Hanging, or Reverse,
indentation, indentation of all the lines of a
paragraph except the first, which is a full line.
In*dent"ed (?), a. 1.
Cut in the edge into points or inequalities, like teeth; jagged;
notched; stamped in; dented on the surface.
2. Having an uneven, irregular border;
sinuous; undulating. Milton. Shak.
3. (Her.) Notched like the part of a
saw consisting of the teeth; serrated; as, an indented border
or ordinary.
4. Bound out by an indenture; apprenticed;
indentured; as, an indented servant.
5. (Zoöl.) Notched along the
margin with a different color, as the feathers of some
birds.
Indented line (Fort.), a line with
alternate long and short faces, with salient and receding angles,
each face giving a flanking fire along the front of the
next.
In*dent"ed*ly, adv. With
indentations.
In*dent"ing (?), n. Indentation;
an impression like that made by a tooth.
In*den"tion (?), n. (Print.)
Same as Indentation, 4.
In*dent"ment (?), n.
Indenture. [Obs.]
In*den"ture (?; 135), n. [OE.
endenture, OF. endenture, LL. indentura a deed
in duplicate, with indented edges. See the Note below. See
Indent.]
1. The act of indenting, or state of being
indented.
2. (Law) A mutual agreement in writing
between two or more parties, whereof each party has usually a
counterpart or duplicate; sometimes in the pl., a short form
for indentures of apprenticeship, the contract by which a
youth is bound apprentice to a master.
The law is the best expositor of the gospel; they are
like a pair of indentures: they answer in every
part.
C. Leslie.
&fist; Indentures were originally duplicates, laid together and
indented by a notched cut or line, or else written on the same piece
of parchment and separated by a notched line so that the two papers
or parchments corresponded to each other. But indenting has gradually
become a mere form, and is often neglected, while the writings or
counterparts retain the name of indentures.
In*den"ture, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indentured (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Indenturing.]
1. To indent; to make hollows, notches, or
wrinkles in; to furrow.
Though age may creep on, and indenture the
brow.
Woty.
2. To bind by indentures or written contract;
as, to indenture an apprentice.
In*den"ture, v. i. To run or wind
in and out; to be cut or notched; to indent.
Heywood.
In`de*pend"ence (?), n. [Cf. F.
indépendance.]
1. The state or quality of being independent;
freedom from dependence; exemption from reliance on, or control by,
others; self-subsistence or maintenance; direction of one's own
affairs without interference.
Let fortune do her worst, . . . as long as she never
makes us lose our honesty and our independence.
Pope.
2. Sufficient means for a comfortable
livelihood.
Declaration of Independence (Amer.
Hist.), the declaration of the Congress of the Thirteen
United States of America, on the 4th of July, 1776, by which they
formally declared that these colonies were free and independent
States, not subject to the government of Great Britain.
In`de*pend"en*cy, n. 1.
Independence.
"Give me," I cried (enough for me),
"My bread, and independency!"
Pope.
2. (Eccl.) Doctrine and polity of the
Independents.
In`de*pend"ent (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + dependent: cf. F. indépendant.]
1. Not dependent; free; not subject to
control by others; not relying on others; not subordinate; as, few
men are wholly independent.
A dry, but independent crust.
Cowper.
2. Affording a comfortable livelihood; as, an
independent property.
3. Not subject to bias or influence; not
obsequious; self-directing; as, a man of an independent
mind.
4. Expressing or indicating the feeling of
independence; free; easy; bold; unconstrained; as, an
independent air or manner.
5. Separate from; exclusive;
irrespective.
That obligation in general, under which we conceive
ourselves bound to obey a law, independent of those resources
which the law provides for its own enforcement.
R. P.
Ward.
6. (Eccl.) Belonging or pertaining to,
or holding to the doctrines or methods of, the
Independents.
7. (Math.) Not dependent upon another
quantity in respect to value or rate of variation; -- said of
quantities or functions.
8. (U. S. Politics) Not bound by
party; exercising a free choice in voting with either or any
party.
Independent company (Mil.), one not
incorporated in any regiment. -- Independent seconds
watch, a stop watch having a second hand driven by a
separate set of wheels, springs, etc., for timing to a fraction of a
second. -- Independent variable.
(Math.) See Dependent variable, under
Dependent.
Syn. -- Free; uncontrolled; separate; uncoerced; self-
reliant; bold; unconstrained; unrestricted.
In`de*pend"ent (?), n.
1. (Eccl.) One who believes that an
organized Christian church is complete in itself, competent to self-
government, and independent of all ecclesiastical
authority.
&fist; In England the name is often applied (commonly in the
pl.) to the Congregationalists.
2. (Politics) One who does not
acknowledge an obligation to support a party's candidate under all
circumstances; one who exercises liberty in voting.
In`de*pend"ent*ism (?), n.
Independency; the church system of Independents. Bp.
Gauden.
In`de*pend"ent*ly, adv. In an
independent manner; without control.
In`de*pos"a*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being deposed. [R.]
Princes indeposable by the pope.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
In*dep"ra*vate (?), a. [L.
indepravatus.] Undepraved. [R.] Davies (Holy
Roode).
In*dep"re*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
indeprecabilis. See In- not, and Deprecate.]
Incapable or undeserving of being deprecated.
Cockeram.
In*dep`re*hen"si*ble (?), a. [L.
indeprehensibilis. See In- not, and
Deprehensible.] Incapable of being found out.
Bp. Morton.
In`de*priv"a*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being deprived, or of being taken away.
In`de*scrib"a*ble, a. Incapable of
being described. -- In`de*scrib"a*bly,
adv.
In`de*scrip"tive (?), a. Not
descriptive.
In`de*sert" (?), n. Ill
desert. [R.] Addison.
In*des"i*nent (?), a. [L.
indesinens. See In- not, and Desinent.] Not
ceasing; perpetual. [Obs.] Baxter. --
In*des"i*nent*ly, adv. [Obs.]
Ray.
In`de*sir"a*ble (?), a.
Undesirable.
In`de*struc`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
indestructibilité.] The quality of being
indestructible.
In`de*struc"ti*ble, a. [Pref. in-
not + destructible: cf. F. indestructible.]
Not destructible; incapable of decomposition or of being
destroyed. -- In`de*struc"ti*ble*ness,
n. -- In`de*struc"ti*bly,
adv.
In`de*ter"mi*na*ble (?), a. [L.
indeterminabilis: cf. F. indéterminable. See
In- not, and Determine.] Not determinable; impossible to
be determined; not to be definitely known, ascertained, defined, or
limited. -- In`de*ter"mi*na*bly,
adv.
In`de*ter"mi*na*ble, n. An
indeterminable thing or quantity. Sir T. Browne.
In`de*ter"mi*nate (?), a. [L.
indeterminatus.] Not determinate; not certain or fixed;
indefinite; not precise; as, an indeterminate number of
years. Paley.
Indeterminate analysis (Math.), that
branch of analysis which has for its object the solution of
indeterminate problems. -- Indeterminate
coefficients (Math.), coefficients arbitrarily
assumed for convenience of calculation, or to facilitate some
artifice of analysis. Their values are subsequently determined.
-- Indeterminate equation (Math.), an
equation in which the unknown quantities admit of an infinite number
of values, or sets of values. A group of equations is
indeterminate when it contains more unknown quantities than
there are equations. -- Indeterminate
inflorescence (Bot.), a mode of inflorescence in
which the flowers all arise from axillary buds, the terminal bud
going on to grow and sometimes continuing the stem indefinitely; --
called also acropetal, botryose, centripetal, ∧ indefinite
inflorescence. Gray. -- Indeterminate
problem (Math.), a problem which admits of an
infinite number of solutions, or one in which there are fewer imposed
conditions than there are unknown or required results. --
Indeterminate quantity (Math.), a
quantity which has no fixed value, but which may be varied in
accordance with any proposed condition. -- Indeterminate
series (Math.), a series whose terms proceed by
the powers of an indeterminate quantity, sometimes also with
indeterminate exponents, or indeterminate coefficients.
-- In`de*ter"mi*nate*ly adv. --
In`de*ter"mi*nate*ness, n.
In`de*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. [Pref.
in- not + determination: cf.
indétermination.]
1. Want of determination; an unsettled or
wavering state, as of the mind. Jer. Taylor.
2. Want of fixed or stated direction.
Abp. Bramhall.
In`de*ter"mined (?), a.
Undetermined.
In`de*vir"gin*ate (?), a. [See In-
not, Devirginate.] Not devirginate. [Obs.]
Chapman.
In*de*vote" (?), a. [L.
indevotus: cf. F. indévot. Cf.
Indevout.] Not devoted. [Obs.] Bentley.
Clarendon.
In`de*vo"tion (?), n. [L.
indevotio: cf. F. indévotion.] Want of
devotion; impiety; irreligion. "An age of indevotion."
Jer. Taylor.
In*de*vout" (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + devout. Cf. Indevote.] Not devout. --
In*de*vout"ly, adv.
In*dew" (?), v. t. To indue.
[Obs.] Spenser.
In"dex (?), n.; pl. E.
Indexes (#), L. Indices (#)(&?;).
[L.: cf. F. index. See Indicate, Diction.]
1. That which points out; that which shows,
indicates, manifests, or discloses.
Tastes are the indexes of the different
qualities of plants.
Arbuthnot.
2. That which guides, points out, informs, or
directs; a pointer or a hand that directs to anything, as the hand of
a watch, a movable finger on a gauge, scale, or other graduated
instrument. In printing, a sign [&fist;] used to direct particular
attention to a note or paragraph; -- called also
fist.
3. A table for facilitating reference to
topics, names, and the like, in a book; -- usually alphabetical in
arrangement, and printed at the end of the volume.
4. A prologue indicating what follows.
[Obs.] Shak.
5. (Anat.) The second digit, that next
to the pollex, in the manus, or hand; the forefinger; index
finger.
6. (Math.) The figure or letter which
shows the power or root of a quantity; the exponent. [In this
sense the plural is always indices.]
Index error, the error in the reading of a
mathematical instrument arising from the zero of the index not being
in complete adjustment with that of the limb, or with its
theoretically perfect position in the instrument; a correction to be
applied to the instrument readings equal to the error of the zero
adjustment. -- Index expurgatorius. [L.]
See Index prohibitorius (below). -- Index
finger. See Index, 5. -- Index
glass, the mirror on the index of a quadrant, sextant,
etc. -- Index hand, the pointer or hand of
a clock, watch, or other registering machine; a hand that points to
something. -- Index of a logarithm
(Math.), the integral part of the logarithm, and always
one less than the number of integral figures in the given number. It
is also called the characteristic. -- Index of
refraction, or Refractive index
(Opt.), the number which expresses the ratio of the sine
of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction.
Thus the index of refraction for sulphur is 2, because, when
light passes out of air into sulphur, the sine of the angle of
incidence is double the sine of the angle of refraction. --
Index plate, a graduated circular plate, or one
with circular rows of holes differently spaced; used in machines for
graduating circles, cutting gear teeth, etc. -- Index
prohibitorius [L.], or Prohibitory index
(R. C. Ch.), a catalogue of books which are forbidden by
the church to be read; the index expurgatorius [L.], or
expurgatory index, is a catalogue of books from which passages
marked as against faith or morals must be removed before Catholics
can read them. These catalogues are published with additions, from
time to time, by the Congregation of the Index, composed of
cardinals, theologians, etc., under the sanction of the pope.
Hook. -- Index rerum [L.], a tabulated
and alphabetized notebook, for systematic preservation of items,
quotations, etc.
In"dex (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indexed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Indexing.] To provide with an index or table of
references; to put into an index; as, to index a book, or its
contents.
In"dex*er (?), n. One who makes an
index.
In*dex"ic*al (?), a. Of,
pertaining to, or like, an index; having the form of an
index.
In*dex"ic*al*ly, adv. In the
manner of an index.
In`dex*ter"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + dexterity: cf. F.
indextérité.] Want of dexterity or
readiness, especially in the use of the hands; clumsiness;
awkwardness. Harvey.
In"di*a (?), n. [See Indian.]
A country in Southern Asia; the two peninsulas of Hither and
Farther India; in a restricted sense, Hither India, or
Hindostan.
India ink, a nearly black pigment brought
chiefly from China, used for water colors. It is in rolls, or in
square, and consists of lampblack or ivory black and animal glue.
Called also China ink. The true India ink is sepia. See
Sepia. -- India matting, floor
matting made in China, India, etc., from grass and reeds; -- also
called Canton, or China, matting. -- India
paper, a variety of Chinese paper, of smooth but not
glossy surface, used for printing from engravings, woodcuts,
etc. -- India proof (Engraving), a
proof impression from an engraved plate, taken on India paper. -
- India rubber. See Caoutchouc. --
India-rubber tree (Bot.), any tree
yielding caoutchouc, but especially the East Indian Ficus
elastica, often cultivated for its large, shining, elliptical
leaves.
In*di"a*dem, v. t. To place or set
in a diadem, as a gem or gems.
In"di*a*man (?), n.; pl.
Indiamen (&?;). A large vessel in the India
trade. Macaulay.
In"di*an (?; 277), a. [From
India, and this fr. Indus, the name of a river in Asia,
L. Indus, Gr. &?;, OPers. Hindu, name of the land on
the Indus, Skr. sindhu river, the Indus. Cf.
Hindoo.]
1. Of or pertaining to India proper; also to
the East Indies, or, sometimes, to the West Indies.
2. Of or pertaining to the aborigines, or
Indians, of America; as, Indian wars; the Indian
tomahawk.
3. Made of maize or Indian corn; as,
Indian corn, Indian meal, Indian bread, and the
like. [U.S.]
Indian bay (Bot.), a lauraceous tree
(Persea Indica). -- Indian bean
(Bot.), a name of the catalpa. -- Indian
berry. (Bot.) Same as Cocculus
indicus. -- Indian bread. (Bot.)
Same as Cassava. -- Indian club,
a wooden club, which is swung by the hand for gymnastic
exercise. -- Indian cordage, cordage made
of the fibers of cocoanut husk. -- Indian corn
(Bot.), a plant of the genus Zea (Z. Mays);
the maize, a native of America. See Corn, and
Maize. -- Indian cress (Bot.),
nasturtium. See Nasturtium, 2. -- Indian
cucumber (Bot.), a plant of the genus
Medeola (M. Virginica), a common in woods in the United
States. The white rootstock has a taste like cucumbers. --
Indian currant (Bot.), a plant of the
genus Symphoricarpus (S. vulgaris), bearing small red
berries. -- Indian dye, the puccoon.
-- Indian fig. (Bot.) (a)
The banyan. See Banyan. (b) The
prickly pear. -- Indian file, single file;
arrangement of persons in a row following one after another, the
usual way among Indians of traversing woods, especially when on the
war path. -- Indian fire, a pyrotechnic
composition of sulphur, niter, and realgar, burning with a brilliant
white light. -- Indian grass (Bot.),
a coarse, high grass (Chrysopogon nutans), common in the
southern portions of the United States; wood grass. Gray.
-- Indian hemp. (Bot.) (a)
A plant of the genus Apocynum (A. cannabinum),
having a milky juice, and a tough, fibrous bark, whence the name. The
root it used in medicine and is both emetic and cathartic in
properties. (b) The variety of common hemp
(Cannabis Indica), from which hasheesh is obtained. --
Indian mallow (Bot.), the velvet leaf
(Abutilon Avicennæ). See Abutilon. --
Indian meal, ground corn or maize. [U.S.]
-- Indian millet (Bot.), a tall annual
grass (Sorghum vulgare), having many varieties, among which
are broom corn, Guinea corn, durra, and the Chinese sugar cane. It is
called also Guinea corn. See Durra. --
Indian ox (Zoöl.), the zebu. -
- Indian paint. See Bloodroot. --
Indian paper. See India paper, under
India. -- Indian physic (Bot.),
a plant of two species of the genus Gillenia (G.
trifoliata, and G. stipulacea), common in the United
States, the roots of which are used in medicine as a mild emetic; --
called also American ipecac, and bowman's root.
Gray. -- Indian pink. (Bot.)
(a) The Cypress vine (Ipomœa
Quamoclit); -- so called in the West Indies.
(b) See China pink, under
China. -- Indian pipe (Bot.),
a low, fleshy herb (Monotropa uniflora), growing in
clusters in dark woods, and having scalelike leaves, and a solitary
nodding flower. The whole plant is waxy white, but turns black in
drying. -- Indian plantain (Bot.),
a name given to several species of the genus Cacalia, tall
herbs with composite white flowers, common through the United States
in rich woods. Gray. -- Indian poke
(Bot.), a plant usually known as the white
hellebore (Veratrum viride). -- Indian
pudding, a pudding of which the chief ingredients are
Indian meal, milk, and molasses. -- Indian
purple. (a) A dull purple color.
(b) The pigment of the same name, intensely blue
and black. -- Indian red. (a)
A purplish red earth or pigment composed of a silicate of iron
and alumina, with magnesia. It comes from the Persian Gulf. Called
also Persian red. (b) See
Almagra. -- Indian rice (Bot.),
a reedlike water grass. See Rice. -- Indian
shot (Bot.), a plant of the genus Canna
(C. Indica). The hard black seeds are as large as swan shot.
See Canna. -- Indian summer, in the
United States, a period of warm and pleasant weather occurring late
in autumn. See under Summer. -- Indian
tobacco (Bot.), a species of Lobelia. See
Lobelia. -- Indian turnip
(Bot.), an American plant of the genus
Arisæma. A. triphyllum has a wrinkled farinaceous
root resembling a small turnip, but with a very acrid juice. See
Jack in the Pulpit, and Wake-robin. --
Indian wheat, maize or Indian corn. --
Indian yellow. (a) An intense
rich yellow color, deeper than gamboge but less pure than
cadmium. (b) See Euxanthin.
In"di*an (?; 277), n.
1. A native or inhabitant of India.
2. One of the aboriginal inhabitants of
America; -- so called originally from the supposed identity of
America with India.
In`di*an*eer" (?), n. (Naut.)
An Indiaman.
In"di*a rub"ber (?). See
Caoutchouc.
In"dic*al (?), a. [From L.
index, indicis, an index.] Indexical. [R.]
Fuller.
In"di*can (?), n. [See
Indigo.]
1. (Chem.) A glucoside obtained from
woad (indigo plant) and other plants, as a yellow or light brown
sirup. It has a nauseous bitter taste, and decomposes on drying. By
the action of acids, ferments, etc., it breaks down into sugar and
indigo. It is the source of natural indigo.
2. (Physiol. Chem.) An indigo-forming
substance, found in urine, and other animal fluids, and convertible
into red and blue indigo (urrhodin and uroglaucin).
Chemically, it is indoxyl sulphate of potash,
C8H6NSO4K, and is derived from the
indol formed in the alimentary canal. Called also
uroxanthin.
In"di*cant (?), a. [L. indicans,
p. pr. indicare. See Indicate.] Serving to point
out, as a remedy; indicating.
In"di*cant, n. That which
indicates or points out; as, an indicant of the remedy for a
disease.
In"di*cate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Indicated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Indicating (?).] [L. indicatus, p. p. of
indicare to indicate; pref. in- in + dicare to
proclaim; akin to dicere to say. See Diction, and cf.
Indict, Indite.]
1. To point out; to discover; to direct to a
knowledge of; to show; to make known.
That turns and turns to indicate
From what point blows the weather.
Cowper.
2. (Med.) To show or manifest by
symptoms; to point to as the proper remedies; as, great prostration
of strength indicates the use of stimulants.
3. (Mach.) To investigate the
condition or power of, as of steam engine, by means of an
indicator.
Syn. -- To show; mark; signify; denote; discover; evidence;
evince; manifest; declare; specify; explain; exhibit; present;
reveal; disclose; display.
In"di*ca`ted (?), a. Shown;
denoted; registered; measured.
Indicated power. See Indicated horse
power, under Horse power.
In`di*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
indicatio: cf. F. indication.]
1. Act of pointing out or
indicating.
2. That which serves to indicate or point
out; mark; token; sign; symptom; evidence.
The frequent stops they make in the most convenient
places are plain indications of their weariness.
Addison.
3. Discovery made; information.
Bentley.
4. Explanation; display. [Obs.]
Bacon.
5. (Med.) Any symptom or occurrence in
a disease, which serves to direct to suitable remedies.
Syn. -- Proof; demonstration; sign; token; mark; evidence;
signal.
In*dic"a*tive (?), a. [L.
indicativus: cf. F. indicatif.]
1. Pointing out; bringing to notice; giving
intimation or knowledge of something not visible or
obvious.
That truth is productive of utility, and utility
indicative of truth, may be thus proved.
Bp.
Warburton.
2. (Fine Arts) Suggestive;
representing the whole by a part, as a fleet by a ship, a forest by a
tree, etc.
Indicative mood (Gram.), that mood or
form of the verb which indicates, that is, which simply affirms or
denies or inquires; as, he writes; he is not writing;
has the mail arrived?
In*dic"a*tive, n. (Gram.)
The indicative mood.
In*dic"a*tive*ly, adv. In an
indicative manner; in a way to show or signify.
In"di*ca`tor (&ibreve;n"d&ibreve;*kā`t&etilde;r),
n. [L.: cf. F. indicateur.]
1. One who, or that which, shows or points
out; as, a fare indicator in a street car.
2. (Mach.) A pressure gauge; a water
gauge, as for a steam boiler; an apparatus or instrument for showing
the working of a machine or moving part; as:
(a) (Steam Engine) An instrument which
draws a diagram showing the varying pressure in the cylinder of an
engine or pump at every point of the stroke. It consists of a small
cylinder communicating with the engine cylinder and fitted with a
piston which the varying pressure drives upward more or less against
the resistance of a spring. A lever imparts motion to a pencil which
traces the diagram on a card wrapped around a vertical drum which is
turned back and forth by a string connected with the piston rod of
the engine. See Indicator card (below).
(b) A telltale connected with a hoisting
machine, to show, at the surface, the position of the cage in the
shaft of a mine, etc.
3. (Mech.) The part of an instrument
by which an effect is indicated, as an index or pointer.
4. (Zoöl.) Any bird of the genus
Indicator and allied genera. See Honey guide, under
Honey.
5. (Chem.) That which indicates the
condition of acidity, alkalinity, or the deficiency, excess, or
sufficiency of a standard reagent, by causing an appearance,
disappearance, or change of color, as in titration or volumetric
analysis.
&fist; The common indicators are litmus, tropæolin, phenol
phthalein, potassic permanganate, etc.
Indicator card, the figure drawn by an
engine indicator, by means of which the working of the engine can be
investigated and its power calculated. The Illustration shows one
form of indicator card, from a steam engine, together with scales by
which the pressure of the steam above or below that of the
atmosphere, corresponding to any position of the engine piston in its
stroke, can be measured. Called also indicator diagram. -
- Indicator telegraph, a telegraph in which the
signals are the deflections of a magnetic needle, as in the trans-
Atlantic system.
In"di*ca*to*ry
(&ibreve;n"d&ibreve;*k&adot;*t&osl;*r&ybreve;; 277),
a. Serving to show or make known; showing;
indicative; signifying; implying.
In`di*ca"trix (?), n. [NL.] (Geom.
of Three Dimensions) A certain conic section supposed to be
drawn in the tangent plane to any surface, and used to determine the
accidents of curvature of the surface at the point of contact. The
curve is similar to the intersection of the surface with a parallel
to the tangent plane and indefinitely near it. It is an ellipse when
the curvature is synclastic, and an hyperbola when the curvature is
anticlastic.
||In`di*ca"vit (?), n. [L., he has
indicated.] (Eng. Law) A writ of prohibition against
proceeding in the spiritual court in certain cases, when the suit
belongs to the common-law courts. Wharton (Law Dict.
).
In"dice (?), n. [F. indice
indication, index. See Index.] Index; indication.
[Obs.] B. Jonson.
In"di*ces (?), n. pl. See
Index.
||In*di"ci*a (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of
indicium, fr. index an index.] (Law)
Discriminating marks; signs; tokens; indications;
appearances. Burrill.
In*dic"i*ble (?), a. [F.]
Unspeakable. [Obs.]
In*dic"o*lite (?), n. [L.
indicum indigo + -lite: cf. F. indicolithe.]
(Min.) A variety of tourmaline of an indigo-blue
color.
In*dict" (-dīt"), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Indicted (-
dīt"&ebreve;d); p. pr. & vb. n.
Indicting.] [OE. enditen. See Indite.]
1. To write; to compose; to dictate; to
indite. [Obs.]
2. To appoint publicly or by authority; to
proclaim or announce. [Obs.]
I am told shall have no Lent indicted this
year.
Evelyn.
3. (Law) To charge with a crime, in
due form of law, by the finding or presentment of a grand jury; to
find an indictment against; as, to indict a man for arson. It
is the peculiar province of a grand jury to indict, as it is
of a house of representatives to impeach.
In*dict"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being, or liable to be, indicted; subject to indictment; as, an
indictable offender or offense.
In`dict*ee" (?), n. (Law) A
person indicted.
In*dict"er (?), n. One who
indicts.
In*dic"tion (?), n. [L.
indictio: cf. F. indiction. See Indict,
Indite.]
1. Declaration; proclamation; public notice
or appointment. [Obs.] "Indiction of a war."
Bacon.
Secular princes did use to indict, or permit the
indiction of, synods of bishops.
Jer.
Taylor.
2. A cycle of fifteen years.
&fist; This mode of reckoning time is said to have been introduced
by Constantine the Great, in connection with the payment of tribute.
It was adopted at various times by the Greek emperors of
Constantinople, the popes, and the parliaments of France. Through the
influence of the popes, it was extensively used in the ecclesiastical
chronology of the Middle Ages. The number of indictions was reckoned
at first from 312 a. d., but since the twelfth century it has
been reckoned from the birth of Christ. The papal indiction is the
only one ever used at the present day. To find the indiction and year
of the indiction by the first method, subtract 312 from the given
year a. d., and divide by 15; by the second method, add 3 to
the given year a. d., and the divide by 15. In either case,
the quotient is the number of the current indiction, and the
remainder the year of the indiction. See Cycle of indiction,
under Cycle.
In*dic"tive (?), a. [L.
indictivus. See Indict.] Proclaimed; declared;
public. Kennet.
In*dict"ment (?), n. [Cf.
Inditement.]
1. The act of indicting, or the state of
being indicted.
2. (Law) The formal statement of an
offense, as framed by the prosecuting authority of the State, and
found by the grand jury.
&fist; To the validity of an indictment a finding by the grand
jury is essential, while an information rests only on presentation by
the prosecuting authority.
3. An accusation in general; a formal
accusation.
Bill of indictment. See under
Bill.
In*dict"or (?), n. (Law)
One who indicts. Bacon.
In"dies (?), n. pl. A name
designating the East Indies, also the West Indies.
Our king has all the Indies in his
arms.
Shak.
In*dif"fer*ence (?), n. [L.
indifferentia similarity, want of difference: cf. F.
indifférence.]
1. The quality or state of being indifferent,
or not making a difference; want of sufficient importance to
constitute a difference; absence of weight; insignificance.
2. Passableness; mediocrity.
3. Impartiality; freedom from prejudice,
prepossession, or bias.
He . . . is far from such indifference and
equity as ought and must be in judges which he saith I
assign.
Sir T. More.
4. Absence of anxiety or interest in respect
to what is presented to the mind; unconcernedness; as, entire
indifference to all that occurs.
Indifference can not but be criminal, when it
is conversant about objects which are so far from being of an
indifferent nature, that they are highest importance.
Addison.
Syn. -- Carelessness; negligence; unconcern; apathy;
insensibility; coldness; lukewarmness.
In*dif"fer*en*cy (?), n. Absence
of interest in, or influence from, anything; unconcernedness;
equilibrium; indifferentism; indifference.
Gladstone.
To give ourselves to a detestable indifferency
or neutrality in this cause.
Fuller.
Moral liberty . . . does not, after all, consist in a
power of indifferency, or in a power of choosing without
regard to motives.
Hazlitt.
In*dif"fer*ent (?), a. [F.
indifférent, L. indifferens. See In- not,
and Different.]
1. Not making a difference; having no
influence or preponderating weight; involving no preference, concern,
or attention; of no account; without significance or
importance.
Dangers are to me indifferent.
Shak.
Everything in the world is indifferent but
sin.
Jer. Taylor.
His slightest and most indifferent acts . . .
were odious in the clergyman's sight.
Hawthorne.
2. Neither particularly good, not very bad;
of a middle state or quality; passable; mediocre.
The staterooms are in indifferent
order.
Sir W. Scott.
3. Not inclined to one side, party, or choice
more than to another; neutral; impartial.
Indifferent in his choice to sleep or
die.
Addison.
4. Feeling no interest, anxiety, or care,
respecting anything; unconcerned; inattentive; apathetic; heedless;
as, to be indifferent to the welfare of one's
family.
It was a law of Solon, that any person who, in the
civil commotions of the republic, remained neuter, or an
indifferent spectator of the contending parties, should be
condemned to perpetual banishment.
Addison.
5. (Law) Free from bias or prejudice;
impartial; unbiased; disinterested.
In choice of committees for ripening business for the
counsel, it is better to choose indifferent persons than to
make an indifferency by putting in those that are strong on both
sides.
Bacon.
Indifferent tissue (Anat.), the
primitive, embryonic, undifferentiated tissue, before conversion into
connective, muscular, nervous, or other definite tissue.
In*dif"fer*ent, adv. To a moderate
degree; passably; tolerably. [Obs.] "News indifferent
good." Shak.
In*dif"fer*ent*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
indifférentisme.]
1. State of indifference; want of interest or
earnestness; especially, a systematic apathy regarding what is true
or false in religion or philosophy; agnosticism.
The indifferentism which equalizes all
religions and gives equal rights to truth and error.
Cardinal Manning.
2. (Metaph.) Same as
Identism.
3. (R. C. Ch.) A heresy consisting in
an unconcern for any particular creed, provided the morals be right
and good. Gregory XVI.
In*dif"fer*ent*ist, n. One
governed by indifferentism.
In*dif"fer*ent*ly, adv. In an
indifferent manner; without distinction or preference; impartially;
without concern, wish, affection, or aversion; tolerably;
passably.
That they may truly and indifferently minister
justice, to the punishment of wickedness and vice, and to the
maintenance of thy true religion, and virtue.
Book of
Com. Prayer [Eng. Ed. ]
Set honor in one eye and death i' the other,
And I will look on both indifferently.
Shak.
I hope it may indifferently entertain your
lordship at an unbending hour.
Rowe.
In`di*ful"vin (?), n. [Indican +
L. fulvus reddish yellow.] (Chem.) A reddish
resinous substance, obtained from indican.
In`di*fus"cin (?), n. [Indican +
L. fuscus dusky.] (Chem.) A brown amorphous
powder, obtained from indican.
In"di*geen (?), n. Same as
Indigene. Darwin.
In"di*gence (?), n. [L.
indigentia: cf. F. indigence. See Indigent.]
The condition of being indigent; want of estate, or means of
comfortable subsistence; penury; poverty; as, helpless
indigence. Cowper.
Syn. -- Poverty; penury; destitution; want; need;
privation; lack. See Poverty.
In"di*gen*cy (?), n.
Indigence.
New indigencies founded upon new
desires.
South.
In"di*gene (?), n. [L. indigena:
cf. F. indigène. See Indigenous.] One born
in a country; an aboriginal animal or plant; an autochthon.
Evelyn. Tylor.
In*dig"e*nous (?), a. [L.
indigenus, indigena, fr. OL. indu (fr. in
in) + the root of L. gignere to beget, bear. See In,
and Gender.]
1. Native; produced, growing, or living,
naturally in a country or climate; not exotic; not
imported.
Negroes were all transported from Africa and are not
indigenous or proper natives of America.
Sir
T. Browne.
In America, cotton, being indigenous, is
cheap.
Lion Playas.
2. Native; inherent; innate.
Joy and hope are emotions indigenous to the
human mind.
I. Taylor.
In"di*gent (?), a. [L. indigent,
L. indigens, p. p. of indigere to stand in need of, fr.
OL. indu (fr. in- in) + L. egere to be needy, to
need.]
1. Wanting; void; free; destitute; -- used
with of. [Obs.] Bacon.
2. Destitute of property or means of
comfortable subsistence; needy; poor; in want; necessitous.
Indigent faint souls past corporal
toil.
Shak.
Charity consists in relieving the
indigent.
Addison.
In"di*gent*ly, adv. In an indigent
manner.
In`di*gest" (?), a. [L.
indigestus unarranged. See Indigested.] Crude;
unformed; unorganized; undigested. [Obs.] "A chaos rude and
indigest." W. Browne. "Monsters and things
indigest." Shak.
In`di*gest", n. Something
indigested. [Obs.] Shak.
In`di*gest"ed, a. [Pref. in- not
+ digested.]
1. Not digested; undigested.
"Indigested food." Dryden.
2. Not resolved; not regularly disposed and
arranged; not methodical; crude; as, an indigested array of
facts.
In hot reformations . . . the whole is generally
crude, harsh, and indigested.
Burke.
This, like an indigested meteor, appeared and
disappeared almost at the same time.
South.
3. (Med.) (a) Not in a
state suitable for healing; -- said of wounds.
(b) Not ripened or suppurated; -- said of an
abscess or its contents.
4. Not softened by heat, hot water, or
steam.
In`di*gest"ed*ness, n. The state
or quality of being undigested; crudeness. Bp.
Burnet.
In*di*gest`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being indigestible; indigestibleness.
In`di*gest"i*ble (?), a. [L.
indigestibilis: cf. F. indigestible. See In-
not, and Digest.]
1. Not digestible; not readily soluble in the
digestive juices; not easily convertible into products fitted for
absorption.
2. Not digestible in the mind; distressful;
intolerable; as, an indigestible simile. T.
Warton.
-- In`di*gest"i*ble*ness, n. --
In`di*gest"i*bly, adv.
In`di*ges"tion (?; 106), n. [L.
indigestio: cf. F. indigestion. See In- not, and
Digest.] Lack of proper digestive action; a failure of
the normal changes which food should undergo in the alimentary canal;
dyspepsia; incomplete or difficult digestion.
In*dig"i*tate (?), v. i. [Pref. in-
in + L. digitus finger.] To communicate ideas by the
fingers; to show or compute by the fingers. [Obs.]
In*dig"i*tate, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indigitated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Indigitating (?).] To point out with the
finger; to indicate. [Obs.]
The depressing this finger, . . . in the right hand
indigitates six hundred.
Sir T.
Browne.
In*dig`i*ta"tion (?), n. The act
of pointing out as with the finger; indication. [Obs.] Dr.
H. More.
In`di*glu"cin (?), n. [Indican +
glucin.] (Chem.) The variety of sugar (glucose)
obtained from the glucoside indican. It is unfermentable, but reduces
Fehling's solution.
In*dign" (?), a. [L. indignus;
pref. in- not + dignus worthy: cf. F. indigne.
See Dignity.] Unworthy; undeserving; disgraceful;
degrading. Chaucer.
Counts it scorn to draw
Comfort indign from any meaner thing.
Trench.
{ In*dig"nance (?), In*dig"nan*cy (?), }
n. Indignation. [Obs.]
Spenser.
In*dig"nant (?), a. [L.
indignans, -antis, p. pr. of indignari to be
indignant, disdain. See Indign.] Affected with
indignation; wrathful; passionate; irate; feeling wrath, as when a
person is exasperated by unworthy or unjust treatment, by a mean
action, or by a degrading accusation.
He strides indignant, and with haughty
cries
To single fight the fairy prince defies.
Tickell.
In*dig"nant*ly, adv. In an
indignant manner.
In`dig*na"tion (?), n. [F.
indignation, L. indignatio. See Indign.]
1. The feeling excited by that which is
unworthy, base, or disgraceful; anger mingled with contempt, disgust,
or abhorrence. Shak.
Indignation expresses a strong and elevated
disapprobation of mind, which is also inspired by something
flagitious in the conduct of another.
Cogan.
When Haman saw Mordecai in the king's gate, that he
stood not up, nor moved for him, he was full of indignation
against Mordecai.
Esther v. 9.
2. The effect of anger; punishment.
Shak.
Hide thyself . . . until the indignation be
overpast.
Is. xxvi. 20.
Syn. -- Anger; ire wrath; fury; rage. See Anger.
In*dig"ni*fy (?), v. t. [L.
indignus unworthy + -fy.] To treat disdainfully or
with indignity; to contemn. [Obs.] Spenser.
In*dig"ni*ty (?), n.; pl.
Indignities (#). [L. indignitas: cf. F.
indignité. See Indign.] Any action toward
another which manifests contempt for him; an offense against personal
dignity; unmerited contemptuous treatment; contumely; incivility or
injury, accompanied with insult.
How might a prince of my great hopes forget
So great indignities you laid upon me?
Shak.
A person of so great place and worth constrained to
endure so foul indignities.
Hooker.
In*dign"ly (?), adv.
Unworthily. [Obs.]
In"di*go (?), n.; pl.
Indigoes (#). [F. indigo, Sp. indigo,
indico, L. indicum indigo, fr. Indicus Indian.
See Indian.]
1. A kind of deep blue, one of the seven
prismatic colors.
2. (Chem.) A blue dyestuff obtained
from several plants belonging to very different genera and orders;
as, the woad, Isatis tinctoria, Indigofera tinctoria,
I. Anil, Nereum tinctorium, etc. It is a dark blue
earthy substance, tasteless and odorless, with a copper-violet luster
when rubbed. Indigo does not exist in the plants as such, but is
obtained by decomposition of the glycoside indican.
&fist; Commercial indigo contains the essential coloring principle
indigo blue or indigotine, with several other dyes; as,
indigo red, indigo brown, etc., and various impurities.
Indigo is insoluble in ordinary reagents, with the exception of
strong sulphuric acid.
Chinese indigo (Bot.), Isatis
indigotica, a kind of woad. -- Wild indigo
(Bot.), the American herb Baptisia tinctoria which
yields a poor quality of indigo, as do several other species of the
same genus.
In"di*go (?), a. Having the color
of, pertaining to, or derived from, indigo.
Indigo berry (Bot.), the fruit of the
West Indian shrub Randia aculeata, used as a blue dye. --
Indigo bird (Zoöl.), a small North
American finch (Cyanospiza cyanea). The male is indigo blue in
color. Called also indigo bunting. -- Indigo
blue. (a) The essential coloring
material of commercial indigo, from which it is obtained as a dark
blue earthy powder, with a reddish luster,
C16H10N2O2, which may be
crystallized by sublimation. Indigo blue is also made from artificial
amido cinnamic acid, and from artificial isatine; and these methods
are of great commercial importance. Called also
indigotin. (b) A dark, dull blue
color like the indigo of commerce. -- Indigo
brown (Chem.), a brown resinous substance found
in crude indigo. -- Indigo copper
(Min.), covellite. -- Indigo green,
a green obtained from indigo. -- Indigo
plant (Bot.), a leguminous plant of several
species (genus Indigofera), from which indigo is prepared. The
different varieties are natives of Asia, Africa, and America. Several
species are cultivated, of which the most important are the I.
tinctoria, or common indigo plant, the I. Anil, a larger
species, and the I. disperma. -- Indigo
purple, a purple obtained from indigo. --
Indigo red, a dyestuff, isomeric with indigo
blue, obtained from crude indigo as a dark brown amorphous
powder. -- Indigo snake (Zoöl.),
the gopher snake. -- Indigo white, a
white crystalline powder obtained by reduction from indigo blue, and
by oxidation easily changed back to it; -- called also
indigogen. -- Indigo yellow, a
substance obtained from indigo.
||In`di*gof"e*ra (?), n. [NL., from E.
indigo + L. ferre to bear.] (Bot.) A genus
of leguminous plants having many species, mostly in tropical
countries, several of them yielding indigo, esp. Indigofera
tinctoria, and I. Anil.
In"di*go*gen (?), n. [Indigo +
-gen.]
1. (Chem.) See Indigo white,
under Indigo.
2. (Physiol. Chem.) Same as
Indican, 2.
In`di*gom"e*ter (?), n. [Indigo
+ -meter.] An instrument for ascertaining the strength of
an indigo solution, as in volumetric analysis. Ure.
In`di*gom"e*try (?), n. The art or
method of determining the coloring power of indigo.
In`di*got"ic (?), a. [Cf. F.
indigotique.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived
from, indigo; as, indigotic acid, which is also called
anilic or nitrosalicylic acid.
In"di*go*tin (?), n. (Chem.)
See Indigo blue, under Indigo.
In`dig*ru"bin (?), n. [Indigo +
L. ruber red.] (Physiol. Chem.) Same as
Urrhodin.
In`di*hu"min (?), n. [Indican +
humin.] (Chem.) A brown amorphous substance
resembling humin, and obtained from indican.
In*dil"a*to*ry (?), a. Not
dilatory. [Obs.]
In*dil"i*gence (?), n. [L.
indiligentia: cf. F. indiligence.] Want of
diligence. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
In*dil"i*gent (?), a. [L.
indiligens: cf. F. indiligent. See Diligent.]
Not diligent; idle; slothful. [Obs.] Feltham. --
In*dil"i*gent*ly, adv. [Obs.]
In`di*min"ish*a*ble (?), a.
Incapable of being diminished. [R.] Milton.
In"din (?), n. [From Indigo.]
(Chem.) A dark red crystalline substance, isomeric with
and resembling indigo blue, and obtained from isatide and
dioxindol.
In`di*rect" (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + direct: cf. F. indirect.]
1. Not direct; not straight or rectilinear;
deviating from a direct line or course; circuitous; as, an
indirect road.
2. Not tending to an aim, purpose, or result
by the plainest course, or by obvious means, but obliquely or
consequentially; by remote means; as, an indirect accusation,
attack, answer, or proposal.
By what bypaths and indirect, crooked ways
I met this crown.
Shak.
3. Not straightforward or upright; unfair;
dishonest; tending to mislead or deceive.
Indirect dealing will be discovered one time or
other.
Tillotson.
4. Not resulting directly from an act or
cause, but more or less remotely connected with or growing out of it;
as, indirect results, damages, or claims.
5. (Logic & Math.) Not reaching the
end aimed at by the most plain and direct method; as, an
indirect proof, demonstration, etc.
Indirect claims, claims for remote or
consequential damage. Such claims were presented to and thrown out by
the commissioners who arbitrated the damage inflicted on the United
States by the Confederate States cruisers built and supplied by Great
Britain. -- Indirect demonstration, a mode
of demonstration in which proof is given by showing that any other
supposition involves an absurdity (reductio ad absurdum), or
an impossibility; thus, one quantity may be proved equal to another
by showing that it can be neither greater nor less. --
Indirect discourse. (Gram.) See
Direct discourse, under Direct. --
Indirect evidence, evidence or testimony which
is circumstantial or inferential, but without witness; -- opposed to
direct evidence. -- Indirect tax, a
tax, such as customs, excises, etc., exacted directly from the
merchant, but paid indirectly by the consumer in the higher price
demanded for the articles of merchandise.
In`di*rect"ed, a. Not directed;
aimless. [Obs.]
In`di*rec"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
indirection.] Oblique course or means; dishonest
practices; indirectness. "By indirections find
directions out." Shak.
In`di*rect"ly (?), adv. In an
direct manner; not in a straight line or course; not in express
terms; obliquely; not by direct means; hence, unfairly;
wrongly.
To tax it indirectly by taxing their
expense.
A. Smith.
Your crown and kingdom indirectly
held.
Shak.
In`di*rect"ness, n. 1.
The quality or state of being indirect; obliquity; deviousness;
crookedness.
2. Deviation from an upright or
straightforward course; unfairness; dishonesty. W.
Montagu.
In`di*re"tin (?), n. [Indian +
Gr. &?; resin.] (Chem.) A dark brown resinous substance
obtained from indican.
In`di*ru"bin (?), n. [Indigo +
L. ruber red.] (Chem.) A substance isomeric with,
and resembling, indigo blue, and accompanying it as a side product,
in its artificial production.
In`dis*cern"i*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + discernible: cf. F. indiscernable.] Not
to be discerned; imperceptible; not discoverable or
visible.
Secret and indiscernible ways.
Jer. Taylor.
-- In`dis*cern"i*ble*ness, n. --
In`dis*cern"i*bly, adv.
{ In`dis*cerp`i*bil"i*ty (?),
In`dis*cerp`ti*bil"i*ty (?) }, n. The
state or quality of being indiscerpible. [Obs.] Dr. H.
More.
{ In`dis*cerp"i*ble (?), In`dis*cerp"ti*ble (?)
}, a. Not discerpible; inseparable.
[Obs.] Bp. Butler. -- In`dis*cerp"i*ble*ness,
n., In`dis*cerp"ti*ble*ness,
n. [Obs.] -- In`dis*cerp"ti*bly,
adv. [Obs.]
In*dis"ci*plin*a*ble (?), a. [Pref.
in- not + disciplinable: cf. F.
indisciplinable.] Not disciplinable;
undisciplinable. [R.]
In*dis"ci*pline (?), n. [L.
indisplina: cf. F. indiscipline. See In- not,
and Discipline.] Want of discipline or instruction.
[R.]
In`dis*cov"er*a*ble (?), a. Not
discoverable; undiscoverable. J. Conybeare.
In`dis*cov"er*y (?), n. Want of
discovery. [Obs.]
In`dis*creet" (?), a. [OE.
indiscret, F. indiscret, fr. L. indiscretus
unseparated, indiscreet. See In- not, and Discreet, and
cf. Indiscrete.] Not discreet; wanting in
discretion.
So drunken, and so indiscreet an
officer.
Shak.
Syn. -- Imprudent; injudicious; inconsiderate; rash; hasty;
incautious; heedless; undiscerning; foolish.
-- In`dis*creet"ly, adv. --
In`dis*creet"ness, n.
In`dis*crete" (?), a. [L.
indiscretus unseparated. See Indiscreet.]
1. Indiscreet. [Obs.]
Boyle.
2. Not discrete or separated; compact;
homogenous.
An indiscrete mass of confused
matter.
Pownall.
In`dis*cre"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + discretion: cf. F. indiscrétion.]
1. The quality or state of being indiscreet;
want of discretion; imprudence.
2. An indiscreet act; indiscreet
behavior.
Past indiscretion is a venial
crime.
Cowper.
In`dis*crim"i*nate (?), a. Not
discriminate; wanting discrimination; undistinguishing; not making
any distinction; confused; promiscuous. "Blind or
indiscriminate forgiveness." I. Taylor.
The indiscriminate defense of right and
wrong.
Junius.
-- In`dis*crim"i*nate*ly, adv.
Cowper.
In`dis*crim"i*na`ting (?), a. Not
discriminating. -- In`dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly,
adv.
In`dis*crim`i*na"tion (?), n. Want
of discrimination or distinction; impartiality.
Jefferson.
In`dis*crim"i*na*tive (?), a.
Making no distinction; not discriminating.
In`dis*cussed" (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + discuss: cf. L. indiscussus.] Not
discussed. [Obs.] Donne.
In`dis*pen`sa*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
indispensabilité.] Indispensableness.
In`dis*pen"sa*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + dispensable: cf. F. indispensable.]
1. Not dispensable; impossible to be omitted,
remitted, or spared; absolutely necessary or requisite.
2. (Eccl.) Not admitting dispensation;
not subject to release or exemption. [R.]
The law was moral and
indispensable.
Bp. Burnet.
3. Unavoidable; inevitable. [Obs.]
Fuller.
In`dis*pen"sa*ble*ness, n. The
state or quality of being indispensable, or absolutely
necessary. S. Clarke.
In`dis*pen"sa*bly, adv. In an
indispensable manner. "Indispensably necessary." Bp.
Warburton.
In`dis*persed" (?), a. Not
dispersed. [R.]
In`dis*pose" (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Indisposed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Indisposing.] [OE. indispos indisposed,
feeble, or F. indisposé indisposed. See In- not,
and Dispose.]
1. To render unfit or unsuited; to
disqualify.
2. To disorder slightly as regards health; to
make somewhat. Shak.
It made him rather indisposed than
sick.
Walton.
3. To disincline; to render averse or
unfavorable; as, a love of pleasure indisposes the mind to
severe study; the pride and selfishness of men indispose them
to religious duties.
The king was sufficiently indisposed towards
the persons, or the principles, of Calvin's disciples.
Clarendon.
In`dis*pos"ed*ness (?), n. The
condition or quality of being indisposed. [R.] Bp.
Hall.
In*dis`po*si"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
indisposition.]
1. The state of being indisposed;
disinclination; as, the indisposition of two substances to
combine.
A general indisposition towards
believing.
Atterbury.
2. A slight disorder or illness.
Rather as an indisposition in health than as
any set sickness.
Hayward.
In*dis`pu*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
indisputabilité.] Indisputableness.
In*dis"pu*ta*ble (?; 277), a. [Pref.
in- not + disputable: cf. F. indisputable.]
Not disputable; incontrovertible; too evident to admit of
dispute.
Syn. -- Incontestable; unquestionable; incontrovertible;
undeniable; irrefragable; certain; positive; undoubted; sure;
infallible.
-- In*dis"pu*ta*ble*ness, n. --
In*dis"pu*ta*bly, adv.
In`dis*put"ed (?), a.
Undisputed.
In*dis"si*pa*ble (?), a. Incapable
o&?; being dissipated.
In*dis`so*lu*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
indissolubilité.] The quality or state of being
indissoluble.
In*dis"so*lu*ble (?), a. [L.
indissolubilis: cf. F. indissoluble. See In-
not, and Dissoluble, and cf. Indissolvable.]
1. Not dissoluble; not capable of being
dissolved, melted, or liquefied; insoluble; as, few substances are
indissoluble by heat, but many are indissoluble in
water. Boyle.
2. Incapable of being rightfully broken or
dissolved; perpetually binding or obligatory; firm; stable, as, an
indissoluble league or covenant.
To the which my duties
Are with a most indissoluble tie
Forever knit.
Shak.
In*dis"so*lu*ble*ness, n.
Indissolubility. Sir M. Hale.
In*dis"so*lu*bly, adv. In an
indissoluble manner.
On they move, indissolubly firm.
Milton.
In`dis*solv"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + dissolvable. Cf. Indissoluble.] Not
dissolvable; incapable of being dissolved or separated; incapable of
separation; perpetually firm and binding; indissoluble; as, an
indissolvable bond of union. Bp. Warburton.
In`dis*solv"a*ble*ness, n.
Indissolubleness.
In*dis"tan*cy (?), n. Want of
distance or separation; nearness. [Obs.] Bp.
Pearson.
In`dis*tinct" (&ibreve;n`d&ibreve;s*t&ibreve;&nsm;kt"),
a. [L. indistinctus: cf. F.
indistinct. See In- not, and Distinct.]
1. Not distinct or distinguishable; not
separate in such a manner as to be perceptible by itself; as, the
indistinct parts of a substance. "Indistinct as
water is in water." Shak.
2. Obscure to the mind or senses; not clear;
not definite; confused; imperfect; faint; as, indistinct
vision; an indistinct sound; an indistinct idea or
recollection.
When we come to parts too small four our senses, our
ideas of these little bodies become obscure and
indistinct.
I. Watts.
Their views, indeed, are indistinct and
dim.
Cowper.
Syn. -- Undefined; indistinguishable; obscure; indefinite;
vague; ambiguous; uncertain; confused.
In`dis*tinc"ti*ble (?), a.
Indistinguishable. [Obs.] T. Warton.
In`dis*tinc"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
indistinction.] Want of distinction or
distinguishableness; confusion; uncertainty;
indiscrimination.
The indistinction of many of the same name . .
. hath made some doubt.
Sir T. Browne.
An indistinction of all persons, or equality of
all orders, is far from being agreeable to the will of
God.
Sprat.
In`dis*tinc"tive (?), a. Having
nothing distinctive; common. -- In`dis*tinc"tive*ness,
n.
In`dis*tinct"ly (?), adv. In an
indistinct manner; not clearly; confusedly; dimly; as, certain ideas
are indistinctly comprehended.
In its sides it was bounded distinctly, but on its
ends confusedly and indistinctly.
Sir I.
Newton.
In`dis*tinct"ness, n. The quality
or condition of being indistinct; want of definiteness; dimness;
confusion; as, the indistinctness of a picture, or of
comprehension; indistinctness of vision.
In`dis*tin"guish*a*ble (?), a. Not
distinguishable; not capable of being perceived, known, or
discriminated as separate and distinct; hence, not capable of being
perceived or known; as, in the distance the flagship was
indisguishable; the two copies were indisguishable in
form or color; the difference between them was
indisguishable.
In`dis*tin"guish*a*bly, adv. In a
indistinguishable manner. Sir W. Scott.
In`dis*tin"guished (?), a.
Indistinct. [R.] "That indistinguished mass."
Sir T. Browne.
In`dis*tin"guish*ing (?), a.
Making no difference; indiscriminative; impartial; as,
indistinguishing liberalities. [Obs.]
Johnson.
In`dis*turb"ance (?), n. Freedom
from disturbance; calmness; repose; apathy; indifference.
In*ditch" (?), v. t. To bury in,
or cast into, a ditch. Bp. Hall.
In*dite" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inditing.] [OE. enditen to indite, indict, OF.
enditer to indicate, show, dictate, write, inform, and
endicter to accuse; both fr. LL. indictare to show, to
accuse, fr. L. indicere to proclaim, announce; pref. in-
in + dicere to say. The word was influenced also by L.
indicare to indicate, and by dictare to dictate. See
Diction, and cf. Indict, Indicate,
Dictate.]
1. To compose; to write; to be author of; to
dictate; to prompt.
My heart is inditing a good
matter.
Ps. xlv. 1.
Could a common grief have indited such
expressions?
South.
Hear how learned Greece her useful rules
indites.
Pope.
2. To invite or ask. [Obs.]
She will indite him to some
supper.
Shak.
3. To indict; to accuse; to censure.
[Obs.] Spenser.
In*dite", v. i. To compose; to
write, as a poem.
Wounded I sing, tormented I
indite.
Herbert.
In*dite"ment (?), n. [Cf.
Indictment.] The act of inditing.
Craig.
In*dit"er (?), n. One who
indites. Smart.
In"di*um (?), n. [NL. See
Indigo.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element,
discovered in certain ores of zinc, by means of its characteristic
spectrum of two indigo blue lines; hence, its name. In appearance it
resembles zinc, being white or lead gray, soft, malleable and easily
fusible, but in its chemical relation it resembles aluminium or
gallium. Symbol In. Atomic weight, 113.4.
In`di*vert"i*ble
(&ibreve;n`d&ibreve;*v&etilde;rt"&ibreve;*b'l), a.
Not to be diverted or turned aside. [R.] Lamb.
In`di*vid"a*ble (?), a.
Indivisible. [R.] Shak.
In`di*vid"ed, a. Undivided.
[R.] Bp. Patrick.
In`di*vid"u*al (?; 135), a. [L.
individuus indivisible; pref. in- not + dividuus
divisible, fr. dividere to divide: cf. F. individuel.
See Divide.]
1. Not divided, or not to be divided;
existing as one entity, or distinct being or object; single; one; as,
an individual man, animal, or city.
Mind has a being of its own, distinct from that of all
other things, and is pure, unmingled, individual
substance.
A. Tucker.
United as one individual soul.
Milton.
2. Of or pertaining to one only; peculiar to,
or characteristic of, a single person or thing; distinctive; as,
individual traits of character; individual exertions;
individual peculiarities.
In`di*vid"u*al, n. 1.
A single person, animal, or thing of any kind; a thing or being
incapable of separation or division, without losing its identity;
especially, a human being; a person. Cowper.
An object which is in the strict and primary sense
one, and can not be logically divided, is called an
individual.
Whately.
That individuals die, his will
ordains.
Dryden.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) An
independent, or partially independent, zooid of a compound
animal. (b) The product of a single egg,
whether it remains a single animal or becomes compound by budding or
fission.
In`di*vid"u*al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
individualisme.]
1. The quality of being individual;
individuality; personality.
2. An excessive or exclusive regard to one's
personal interest; self-interest; selfishness.
The selfishness of the small proprietor has been
described by the best writers as individualism.
Ed. Rev.
In`di*vid`u*al*is"tic (?), a. Of
or pertaining to the individual or individualism. London
Athenæum.
In`di*vid`u*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Individualities (#). [Cf. F.
individualité.]
1. The quality or state of being individual
or constituting an individual; separate or distinct existence;
oneness; unity. Arbuthnot.
They possess separate
individualities.
H. Spencer.
2. The character or property appropriate or
peculiar to an individual; that quality which distinguishes one
person or thing from another; the sum of characteristic traits;
distinctive character; as, he is a person of marked
individuality.
In`di*vid`u*al*i*za"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. individualization.] The act of individualizing; the
state of being individualized; individuation.
In`di*vid"u*al*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Individualized (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Individualizing (?).] [Cf. F.
individualiser.] To mark as an individual, or to
distinguish from others by peculiar properties; to invest with
individuality.
The peculiarities which individualize and
distinguish the humor of Addison.
N. Drake.
In`di*vid"u*al*i`zer (?), n. One
who individualizes.
In`di*vid"u*al*ly, adv.
1. In an individual manner or relation; as
individuals; separately; each by itself. "Individually
or collectively." Burke.
How should that subsist solitarily by itself which
hath no substance, but individually the very same whereby
others subsist with it?
Hooker.
2. In an inseparable manner; inseparably;
incommunicably; indivisibly; as, individually the
same.
[Omniscience], an attribute individually proper
to the Godhead.
Hakewill.
In`di*vid"u*ate (?), a. [See
Individual.] Undivided. [Obs.]
In`di*vid"u*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Individuated (&?;); p.
pr. & vb. n. Individuating.] To distinguish
from others of the species; to endow with individuality; to divide
into individuals; to discriminate.
The soul, as the prime individuating principle,
and the said reserved portion of matter as an essential and radical
part of the individuation, shall . . . make up and restore the same
individual person.
South.
Life is individuated into infinite numbers,
that have their distinct sense and pleasure.
Dr. H.
More.
In`di*vid`u*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
individuation.] The act of individuating or state of
being individuated; individualization. H. Spencer.
In`di*vid"u*a`tor (?), n. One who,
or that which, individuates. Sir K. Digby.
In`di*vi*du"i*ty (?), n. [L.
individuitas.] Separate existence; individuality;
oneness. Fuller.
In`di*vin"i*ty (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + divinity: cf. F. indivinité.]
Want or absence of divine power or of divinity. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
In`di*vis`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
indivisibilité.] The state or property of being
indivisible or inseparable; inseparability. Locke.
In`di*vis"i*ble (?), a. [L.
indivisibilis: cf. F. indivisible. See In- not,
and Divisible.]
1. Not divisible; incapable of being divided,
separated, or broken; not separable into parts. "One
indivisible point of time." Dryden.
2. (Math.) Not capable of exact
division, as one quantity by another; incommensurable.
In`di*vis"i*ble, n. 1.
That which is indivisible.
By atom, nobody will imagine we intend to express a
perfect indivisible, but only the least sort of natural
bodies.
Digby.
2. (Geom.) An infinitely small
quantity which is assumed to admit of no further division.
Method of indivisibles, a kind of calculus,
formerly in use, in which lines were considered as made up of an
infinite number of points; surfaces, as made up of an infinite number
of lines; and volumes, as made up of an infinite number of
surfaces.
In`di*vis"i*ble*ness (?), n. The
state of being indivisible; indivisibility. W.
Montagu.
In`di*vis"i*bly, adv. In an
indivisible manner.
In`di*vi"sion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + division: cf. F. indivision, LL.
indivisio.] A state of being not divided; oneness.
[Obs.] Bp. Hall.
In"do- (?). [From L. Indus East Indian.] A
prefix signifying Indian (i. e., East Indian); of or
pertaining of India.
In`do*an"i*line (?), n. [Indigo
+ aniline.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of
artificial blue dyes, in appearance resembling indigo, for which they
are often used as substitutes.
In`do-Brit"on (?), n. [Indo- +
Briton.] A person born in India, of mixed Indian and
British blood; a half-caste. Malcom.
In`do-Chi*nese" (?), a. [Indo- +
Chinese.] Of or pertaining to Indo-China (i. e.,
Farther India, or India beyond the Ganges).
In*doc`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state of being indocible; indocibleness; indocility.
In*doc"i*ble (?), a. [L.
indocibilis. See In- not, and Docible.]
Incapable of being taught, or not easily instructed; dull in
intellect; intractable; unteachable; indocile. Bp. Hall.
-- In*doc"i*ble*ness, n.
In*doc"ile (?), a. [L.
indocilis: cf. F. indocile. See In- not, and
Docile.] Not teachable; indisposed to be taught, trained,
or disciplined; not easily instructed or governed; dull;
intractable.
In`do*cil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
indocilitas: cf. F. indocilité.] The
quality or state of being indocile; dullness of intellect;
unteachableness; intractableness.
The stiffness and indocility of the
Pharisees.
W. Montagu.
In*doc"tri*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Indoctrinated (?); p.
pr. & vb. n. Indoctrinating.] [Pref. in- in +
L. doctrina doctrine: cf. F. endoctriner.] To
instruct in the rudiments or principles of learning, or of a branch
of learning; to imbue with learning; to instruct in, or imbue with,
principles or doctrines; to teach; -- often followed by
in.
A master that . . . took much delight in
indoctrinating his young, unexperienced favorite.
Clarendon.
In*doc`tri*na"tion (?), n. The act
of indoctrinating, or the condition of being indoctrinated;
instruction in the rudiments and principles of any science or system
of belief; information. Sir T. Browne.
In`do-Eng"lish (?), a. [Indo- +
English.] Of or relating to the English who are born or
reside in India; Anglo-Indian.
In`do-Eu`ro*pe"an (?), a. Aryan; -
- applied to the languages of India and Europe which are derived from
the prehistoric Aryan language; also, pertaining to the people or
nations who speak these languages; as, the Indo-European or
Aryan family.
The common origin of the Indo-European
nations.
Tylor.
In"do*gen (?), n. [Indigo + -
gen.] (Chem.) A complex, nitrogenous radical,
C8H5NO, regarded as the essential nucleus of
indigo.
In"do*gen*ide (?), n. (Chem.)
Any one of the derivatives of indogen, which contain that group
as a nucleus.
In`do-Ger*man"ic (?), a. [Indo-
+ Germanic.]
1. Same as Aryan, and Indo-
European.
2. Pertaining to or denoting the Teutonic
family of languages as related to the Sanskrit, or derived from the
ancient Aryan language.
In"do*in (?), n. (Chem.) A
substance resembling indigo blue, obtained artificially from certain
isatogen compounds.
In"dol (&ibreve;n"dōl), n.
[Indigo + -ol of phenol.] (Physiol.
Chem.) A white, crystalline substance,
C8H7N, obtained from blue indigo, and almost
all indigo derivatives, by a process of reduction. It is also formed
from albuminous matter, together with skatol, by putrefaction, and by
fusion with caustic potash, and is present in human excrement, as
well as in the intestinal canal of some herbivora.
In"do*lence (?), n. [L.
indolentia freedom from pain: cf. F. indolence.]
1. Freedom from that which pains, or
harasses, as toil, care, grief, etc. [Obs.]
I have ease, if it may not rather be called
indolence.
Bp. Hough.
2. The quality or condition of being
indolent; inaction, or want of exertion of body or mind, proceeding
from love of ease or aversion to toil; habitual idleness;
indisposition to labor; laziness; sloth; inactivity.
Life spent in indolence, and therefore
sad.
Cowper.
As there is a great truth wrapped up in "diligence,"
what a lie, on the other hand, lurks at the root of our present use
of the word "indolence"! This is from "in" and "doleo," not to
grieve; and indolence is thus a state in which we have no
grief or pain; so that the word, as we now employ it, seems to affirm
that indulgence in sloth and ease is that which would constitute for
us the absence of all pain.
Trench.
In"do*len*cy (?), n.
Indolence. [Obs.] Holland.
In"do*lent (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + L. dolens, -entis, p. pr. of dolere to
feel pain: cf. F. indolent. See Dolorous.]
1. Free from toil, pain, or trouble.
[Obs.]
2. Indulging in ease; avoiding labor and
exertion; habitually idle; lazy; inactive; as, an indolent
man.
To waste long nights in indolent
repose.
Pope.
3. (Med.) Causing little or no pain or
annoyance; as, an indolent tumor.
Syn. -- Idle; lazy; slothful; sluggish; listless; inactive;
inert. See Idle.
In"do*lent*ly, adv. In an indolent
manner.
Calm and serene you indolently
sit.
Addison.
||In"do*les (?), n. [L. Cf.
Adolescence.] Natural disposition; natural quality or
abilities.
In"do*lin (?), n. [See Indol.]
(Chem.) A dark resinous substance, polymeric with indol,
and obtained by the reduction of indigo white.
In*dom"a*ble (?), a. [L.
indomabilis; pref. in- not + domabilis tamable.]
Indomitable. [Obs.]
In*dom"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
indomitabilis; pref. in- not + domitare, intens.
fr. domare to tame. See Tame.] Not to be subdued;
untamable; invincible; as, an indomitable will, courage,
animal.
In*dom"ite (?), a. [L.
indomitus.] Not tamed; untamed; savage; wild.
[Obs.] J. Salkeld.
In*domp"ta*ble (?), a. [F.
indomptable, L. indomitabilis.] Indomitable.
[Obs.] Tooke.
In"door` (?), a. Done or being
within doors; within a house or institution; domestic; as,
indoor work.
In"doors` (?), adv. Within the
house; -- usually separated, in doors.
In`do*phe"nol (?), n. [Indigo +
phenol.] (Chem.) Any one of a series of artificial
blue dyestuffs, resembling indigo in appearance, and obtained by the
action of phenol on certain nitrogenous derivatives of quinone.
Simple indophenol proper has not yet been isolated.
In*dors"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being indorsed; transferable; convertible.
In`dor*sa"tion (?), n.
Indorsement. [Obs.]
In*dorse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indorsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Indorsing.] [LL. indorsare. See Endorse.]
[Written also endorse.]
1. To cover the back of; to load or
burden. [Obs.]
Elephants indorsed with towers.
Milton.
2. To write upon the back or outside of a
paper or letter, as a direction, heading, memorandum, or
address.
3. (Law & Com.) To write one's name,
alone or with other words, upon the back of (a paper), for the
purpose of transferring it, or to secure the payment of a note,
draft, or the like; to guarantee the payment, fulfillment,
performance, or validity of, or to certify something upon the back of
(a check, draft, writ, warrant of arrest, etc.).
4. To give one's name or support to; to
sanction; to aid by approval; to approve; as, to indorse an
opinion.
To indorse in blank, to write one's name on
the back of a note or bill, leaving a blank to be filled by the
holder.
In*dorsed" (?), a. (Her.)
See Addorsed.
In`dor*see" (?), n. The person to
whom a note or bill is indorsed, or assigned by
indorsement.
In*dorse"ment (?), n. [From
Indorse; cf. Endorsement.] [Written also
endorsement.]
1. The act of writing on the back of a note,
bill, or other written instrument.
2. That which is written on the back of a
note, bill, or other paper, as a name, an order for, or a receipt of,
payment, or the return of an officer, etc.; a writing, usually upon
the back, but sometimes on the face, of a negotiable instrument, by
which the property therein is assigned and transferred.
Story. Byles. Burrill.
3. Sanction, support, or approval; as, the
indorsement of a rumor, an opinion, a course,
conduct.
Blank indorsement. See under
Blank.
{ In*dors"er (?), In*dors"or (?), }
n. The person who indorses. [Written
also endorser.]
In*dow" (?), v. t. See
Endow.
In*dow"ment (?), n. See
Endowment.
In*dox"yl (?), n. [Indigo +
hydroxyl.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous substance,
C8H7NO, isomeric with oxindol, obtained as an
oily liquid.
In`dox*yl"ic (?), a. (Chem.)
Of or pertaining to, or producing, indoxyl; as, indoxylic
acid.
In"draught` (?), n. 1.
An opening from the sea into the land; an inlet. [Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. A draught of air or flow of water setting
inward.
In"drawn` (?), a. Drawn
in.
In*drench" (?), v. t. To overwhelm
with water; to drench; to drown. [Obs.] Shak.
{ In"dris (?), In"dri (?), }
n. (Zoöl.) Any lemurine animal of
the genus Indris.
&fist; Several species are known, all of them natives of
Madagascar, as the diadem indris (I. diadema), which has a
white ruff around the forehead; the woolly indris (I.
laniger); and the short-tailed or black indris (I.
brevicaudatus), which is black, varied with gray.
In*du"bi*ous (?), a. [L.
indubius. See In- not, and Dubious.]
1. Not dubious or doubtful;
certain.
2. Not doubting; unsuspecting.
"Indubious confidence." Harvey.
In*du"bi*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
indubitabilis: cf. F. indubitable. See In- not,
and Dubitable.] Not dubitable or doubtful; too evident to
admit of doubt; unquestionable; evident; apparently certain; as, an
indubitable conclusion. -- n.
That which is indubitable.
Syn. -- Unquestionable; evident; incontrovertible;
incontestable; undeniable; irrefragable.
In*du"bi*ta*ble*ness, n. The state
or quality of being indubitable.
In*du"bi*ta*bly, adv. Undoubtedly;
unquestionably; in a manner to remove all doubt.
Oracles indubitably clear and infallibly
certain.
Barrow.
In*du"bi*tate (?), a. [L.
indubitatus; pref. in- not + dubitatus, p. p. of
dubitare to doubt.] Not questioned or doubtful; evident;
certain. [Obs.] Bacon.
In*du"bi*tate (?), v. t. [L.
indubitatus, p. p. of indubitare; pref. in- in +
dubitare to doubt.] To bring into doubt; to cause to be
doubted. [Obs.]
To conceal, or indubitate, his
exigency.
Sir T. Browne.
In*duce" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Induced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inducing (?).] [L. inducere, inductum; pref.
in- in + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf.
Induct.]
1. To lead in; to introduce. [Obs.]
The poet may be seen inducing his personages in
the first Iliad.
Pope.
2. To draw on; to overspread. [A
Latinism] Cowper.
3. To lead on; to influence; to prevail on;
to incite; to move by persuasion or influence.
Shak.
He is not obliged by your offer to do it, . . . though
he may be induced, persuaded, prevailed upon,
tempted.
Paley.
Let not the covetous desire of growing rich
induce you to ruin your reputation.
Dryden.
4. To bring on; to effect; to cause; as, a
fever induced by fatigue or exposure.
Sour things induces a contraction in the
nerves.
Bacon.
5. (Physics) To produce, or cause, by
proximity without contact or transmission, as a particular electric
or magnetic condition in a body, by the approach of another body in
an opposite electric or magnetic state.
6. (Logic) To generalize or conclude
as an inference from all the particulars; -- the opposite of
deduce.
Syn. -- To move; instigate; urge; impel; incite; press;
influence; actuate.
In*duce"ment (?), n. [From
Induce.]
1. The act of inducing, or the state of being
induced.
2. That which induces; a motive or
consideration that leads one to action or induces one to act; as,
reward is an inducement to toil. "Mark the
inducement." Shak.
3. (Law) Matter stated by way of
explanatory preamble or introduction to the main allegations of a
pleading; a leading to.
Syn. -- Motive; reason; influence. See Motive.
In*du"cer (?), n. One who, or that
which, induces or incites.
In*du"ci*ble (?), a. 1.
Capable of being induced, caused, or made to take
place.
2. Obtainable by induction; derivable;
inferable.
In*duct" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inducted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inducting.] [L. inductus, p. p. of inducere. See
Induce.]
1. To bring in; to introduce; to usher
in.
The independent orator inducting himself
without further ceremony into the pulpit.
Sir W.
Scott.
2. To introduce, as to a benefice or office;
to put in actual possession of the temporal rights of an
ecclesiastical living, or of any other office, with the customary
forms and ceremonies.
The prior, when inducted into that dignity,
took an oath not to alienate any of their lands.
Bp.
Burnet.
In*duc"te*ous (?), a. (Elec.)
Rendered electro-polar by induction, or brought into the
opposite electrical state by the influence of inductive
bodies.
In*duc"tile (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + ductile: cf. F. inductile.] Not ductile;
incapable of being drawn into threads, as a metal; inelastic;
tough.
In`duc*til"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being inductile.
In*duc"tion (?), n. [L.
inductio: cf. F. induction. See Induct.]
1. The act or process of inducting or
bringing in; introduction; entrance; beginning;
commencement.
I know not you; nor am I well pleased to make this
time, as the affair now stands, the induction of your
acquaintance.
Beau. & Fl.
These promises are fair, the parties sure,
And our induction dull of prosperous hope.
Shak.
2. An introduction or introductory scene, as
to a play; a preface; a prologue. [Obs.]
This is but an induction: I will draw
The curtains of the tragedy hereafter.
Massinger.
3. (Philos.) The act or process of
reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to generals, or
from the individual to the universal; also, the result or inference
so reached.
Induction is an inference drawn from all the
particulars.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Induction is the process by which we conclude
that what is true of certain individuals of a class, is true of the
whole class, or that what is true at certain times will be true in
similar circumstances at all times.
J. S.
Mill.
4. The introduction of a clergyman into a
benefice, or of an official into a office, with appropriate acts or
ceremonies; the giving actual possession of an ecclesiastical living
or its temporalities.
5. (Math.) A process of demonstration
in which a general truth is gathered from an examination of
particular cases, one of which is known to be true, the examination
being so conducted that each case is made to depend on the preceding
one; -- called also successive induction.
6. (Physics) The property by which one
body, having electrical or magnetic polarity, causes or induces it in
another body without direct contact; an impress of electrical or
magnetic force or condition from one body on another without actual
contact.
Electro-dynamic induction, the action by
which a variable or interrupted current of electricity excites
another current in a neighboring conductor forming a closed
circuit. -- Electro-magnetic induction,
the influence by which an electric current produces magnetic
polarity in certain bodies near or around which it passes. --
Electro-static induction, the action by which a
body possessing a charge of statical electricity develops a charge of
statical electricity of the opposite character in a neighboring
body. -- Induction coil, an apparatus
producing induced currents of great intensity. It consists of a coil
or helix of stout insulated copper wire, surrounded by another coil
of very fine insulated wire, in which a momentary current is induced,
when a current (as from a voltaic battery), passing through the inner
coil, is made, broken, or varied. The inner coil has within it a core
of soft iron, and is connected at its terminals with a condenser; --
called also inductorium, and Ruhmkorff's coil. --
Induction pipe, port, or
valve, a pipe, passageway, or valve, for
leading or admitting a fluid to a receiver, as steam to an engine
cylinder, or water to a pump. -- Magnetic
induction, the action by which magnetic polarity is
developed in a body susceptible to magnetic effects when brought
under the influence of a magnet. -- Magneto-electric
induction, the influence by which a magnet excites
electric currents in closed circuits.
Logical induction, (Philos.), an act
or method of reasoning from all the parts separately to the whole
which they constitute, or into which they may be united collectively;
the operation of discovering and proving general propositions; the
scientific method. -- Philosophical induction,
the inference, or the act of inferring, that what has been
observed or established in respect to a part, individual, or species,
may, on the ground of analogy, be affirmed or received of the whole
to which it belongs. This last is the inductive method of
Bacon. It ascends from the parts to the whole, and forms, from the
general analogy of nature, or special presumptions in the case,
conclusions which have greater or less degrees of force, and which
may be strengthened or weakened by subsequent experience and
experiment. It relates to actual existences, as in physical science
or the concerns of life. Logical induction is founded on the
necessary laws of thought; philosophical induction, on the
interpretation of the indications or analogy of nature.
Syn. -- Deduction. -- Induction, Deduction.
In induction we observe a sufficient number of individual
facts, and, on the ground of analogy, extend what is true of them to
others of the same class, thus arriving at general principles
or laws. This is the kind of reasoning in physical science. In
deduction we begin with a general truth, which is
already proven or provisionally assumed, and seek to connect it with
some particular case by means of a middle term, or class of objects,
known to be equally connected with both. Thus, we bring down the
general into the particular, affirming of the latter the distinctive
qualities of the former. This is the syllogistic method. By
induction Franklin established the identity of lightning and
electricity; by deduction he inferred that dwellings might be
protected by lightning rods.
In*duc"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining
to, or proceeding by, induction; inductive.
In*duct"ive (?), a. [LL.
inductivus: cf. F. inductif. See Induce.]
1. Leading or drawing; persuasive; tempting;
-- usually followed by to.
A brutish vice,
Inductive mainly to the sin of Eve.
Milton.
2. Tending to induce or cause. [R.]
They may be . . . inductive of
credibility.
Sir M. Hale.
3. Leading to inferences; proceeding by,
derived from, or using, induction; as, inductive
reasoning.
4. (Physics) (a)
Operating by induction; as, an inductive electrical
machine. (b) Facilitating induction;
susceptible of being acted upon by induction; as, certain substances
have a great inductive capacity.
Inductive embarrassment (Physics),
the retardation in signaling on an electric wire, produced by
lateral induction. -- Inductive
philosophy or method. See Philosophical
induction, under Induction. -- Inductive
sciences, those sciences which admit of, and employ,
the inductive method, as astronomy, botany, chemistry, etc.
In*duct"ive*ly, adv. By induction
or inference.
In`duc*tom"e*ter (?), n.
[Induction + -meter.] (Elec.) An instrument
for measuring or ascertaining the degree or rate of electrical
induction.
In*duct"or (?), n. [L., one who stirs
up or rouses. See Induce.]
1. The person who inducts another into an
office or benefice.
2. (Elec.) That portion of an
electrical apparatus, in which is the inducing charge or
current.
In`duc*to"ri*um (?), n.; pl. E.
Inductoriums (#), L. Inductoria
(#). [NL., fr. E. induction.] (Elec.) An induction
coil.
{ In*duc"tric (?), In*duc"tric*al (?), }
a. (Elec.) Acting by, or in a state of,
induction; relating to electrical induction.
In*due" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indued (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Induing.] [Written also endue.] [L. induere to
put on, clothe, fr. OL. indu (fr. in- in) + a root seen
also in L. exuere to put off, divest, exuviae the skin
of an animal, slough, induviae clothes. Cf. Endue to
invest.]
1. To put on, as clothes; to draw
on.
The baron had indued a pair of jack
boots.
Sir W. Scott.
2. To clothe; to invest; hence, to endow; to
furnish; to supply with moral or mental qualities.
Indu'd with robes of various hue she
flies.
Dryden.
Indued with intellectual sense and
souls.
Shak.
In*due"ment (?), n. [From Indue;
cf. Indument, Enduement.] The act of induing, or
state of being indued; investment; endowment. W.
Montagu.
In*dulge" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Indulged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Indulging (?).] [L. indulgere to be kind or tender to
one; cf. OIr. dilgud, equiv. to L. remissio, OIr.
dligeth, equiv. to L. lex, Goth. dulgs
debt.]
1. To be complacent toward; to give way to;
not to oppose or restrain; (a) when said of a
habit, desire, etc.: to give free course to; to give one's self
up to; as, to indulge sloth, pride, selfishness, or
inclinations; (b) when said of a person:
to yield to the desire of; to gratify by compliance; to humor;
to withhold restraint from; as, to indulge children in their
caprices or willfulness; to indulge one's self with a rest or
in pleasure.
Hope in another life implies that we indulge
ourselves in the gratifications of this very sparingly.
Atterbury.
2. To grant as by favor; to bestow in
concession, or in compliance with a wish or request.
Persuading us that something must be indulged
to public manners.
Jer. Taylor.
Yet, yet a moment, one dim ray of light
Indulge, dread Chaos, and eternal Night!
Pope.
&fist; It is remarked by Johnson, that if the matter of indulgence
is a single thing, it has with before it; if it is a habit, it
has in; as, he indulged himself with a glass of wine or
a new book; he indulges himself in idleness or intemperance.
See Gratify.
In*dulge", v. i. To indulge one's
self; to gratify one's tastes or desires; esp., to give one's self up
(to); to practice a forbidden or questionable act without restraint;
-- followed by in, but formerly, also, by to.
"Willing to indulge in easy vices." Johnson.
In*dulge"ment (?), n.
Indulgence. [R.] Wood.
In*dul"gence (?), n. [L.
indulgentia: cf. F. indulgence.]
1. The act of indulging or humoring; the
quality of being indulgent; forbearance of restrain or
control.
If I were a judge, that word indulgence should
never issue from my lips.
Tooke.
They err, that through indulgence to others, or
fondness to any sin in themselves, substitute for repentance anything
less.
Hammond.
2. An indulgent act; favor granted;
gratification.
If all these gracious indulgences are without
any effect on us, we must perish in our own folly.
Rogers.
3. (R. C. Ch.) Remission of the
temporal punishment due to sins, after the guilt of sin has been
remitted by sincere repentance; absolution from the censures and
public penances of the church. It is a payment of the debt of justice
to God by the application of the merits of Christ and his saints to
the contrite soul through the church. It is therefore believed to
diminish or destroy for sins the punishment of purgatory.
In*dul"gence (?), v. t. To grant
an indulgence to.
In*dul"gen*cy (?), n.
Indulgence. Dryden.
In*dul"gent (?), a. [L.
indulgens, -entis, p. pr. of indulgere: cf. F.
indulgent. See Indulge.] Prone to indulge;
yielding to the wishes, humor, or appetites of those under one's
care; compliant; not opposing or restraining; tolerant; mild;
favorable; not severe; as, an indulgent parent.
Shak.
The indulgent censure of
posterity.
Waller.
The feeble old, indulgent of their
ease.
Dryden.
In`dul*gen"tial (?), a. Relating
to the indulgences of the Roman Catholic Church.
Brevint.
In*dul"gent*ly (?), adv. In an
indulgent manner; mildly; favorably. Dryden.
In*dul"ger, n. One who
indulges. W. Montagu.
In*dul"gi*ate (?), v. t. To
indulge. [R.] Sandys.
In"du*line (?), n. [Perh. fr.
indigo.] (Chem.) (a) Any one of a
large series of aniline dyes, colored blue or violet, and represented
by aniline violet. (b) A dark green
amorphous dyestuff, produced by the oxidation of aniline in the
presence of copper or vanadium salts; -- called also aniline
black.
{ In*dult" (?), In*dul"to (?), }
n. [L. indultum indulgence, favor, fr.
indultus, p. p. of indulgere: cf. It. indulto,
F. indult. See Indulge.]
1. A privilege or exemption; an indulgence; a
dispensation granted by the pope.
2. (Spain) A duty levied on all
importations.
In"du*ment (?), n. [L.
indumentum a covering. See Indue, and cf.
Induement.] (Zoöl.) Plumage;
feathers.
In*du"pli*cate (?), a. (Bot.)
(a) Having the edges bent abruptly toward the
axis; -- said of the parts of the calyx or corolla in
æstivation. (b) Having the edges
rolled inward and then arranged about the axis without overlapping; -
- said of leaves in vernation.
In*du"pli*ca*tive (?), a. (Bot.)
(a) Having induplicate sepals or petals in
æstivation. (b) Having induplicate
leaves in vernation.
In*dur"ance (?), n. [Obs.] See
Endurance.
In"du*rate (?), a. [L.
induratus, p. p. of indurare to harden. See
Endure.]
1. Hardened; not soft; indurated.
Tyndale.
2. Without sensibility; unfeeling;
obdurate.
In"du*rate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Indurated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Indurating (?).]
1. To make hard; as, extreme heat
indurates clay; some fossils are indurated by exposure
to the air.
2. To make unfeeling; to deprive of
sensibility; to render obdurate.
In"du*rate, v. i. To grow hard; to
harden, or become hard; as, clay indurates by drying, and by
heat.
In"du*ra`ted (?), a. Hardened; as,
indurated clay; an indurated heart.
Goldsmith.
In`du*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
induration, L. induratio hardness of heart.]
1. The act of hardening, or the process of
growing hard.
2. State of being indurated, or of having
become hard.
3. Hardness of character, manner,
sensibility, etc.; obduracy; stiffness; want of pliancy or
feeling.
A certain induration of character had arisen
from long habits of business.
Coleridge.
In*du"sial (?), a. [See
Indusium.] Of, pertaining to, or containing, the
petrified cases of the larvæ of certain insects.
Indusial limestone (Geol.), a fresh-
water limestone, largely composed of the agglomerated cases of
caddice worms, or larvæ of caddice flies (Phryganea). It
is found in Miocene strata of Auvergne, France, and some other
localities.
{ In*du"si*ate (?), In*du"si*a`ted (?), }
a. (Bot.) Furnished with an
indusium.
||In*du"si*um (?), n.; pl.
Indusia (-&adot;). [L., an under garment, fr.
induere to put on: cf. F. indusie the covering of the
seed spots of ferns.] (Bot.) (a) A
collection of hairs united so as to form a sort of cup, and inclosing
the stigma of a flower. (b) The immediate
covering of the fruit dots or sori in many ferns, usually a very thin
scale attached by the middle or side to a veinlet.
(c) A peculiar covering found in certain
fungi.
In*dus"tri*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
industriel, LL. industrialis. See Industry.]
Consisting in industry; pertaining to industry, or the arts and
products of industry; concerning those employed in labor, especially
in manual labor, and their wages, duties, and rights.
The great ideas of industrial development and
economic social amelioration.
M. Arnold.
Industrial exhibition, a public exhibition
of the various industrial products of a country, or of various
countries. -- Industrial school, a school
for teaching one or more branches of industry; also, a school for
educating neglected children, and training them to habits of
industry.
In*dus"tri*al*ism (?), n.
1. Devotion to industrial pursuits; labor;
industry. J. S. Mill.
2. The principles or policy applicable to
industrial pursuits or organized labor.
Industrialism must not confounded with
industriousness.
H. Spencer.
In*dus"tri*al*ly, adv. With
reference to industry.
In*dus"tri*ous (?), a. [L.
industrius, industriosus: cf. F. industrieux.
See Industry.]
1. Given to industry; characterized by
diligence; constantly, regularly, or habitually occupied; busy;
assiduous; not slothful or idle; -- commonly implying devotion to
lawful and useful labor.
Frugal and industrious men are commonly
friendly to the established government.
Sir W.
Temple.
2. Steadily and perseveringly active in a
particular pursuit or aim; as, he was negligent in business, but
industrious in pleasure; an industrious mischief
maker.
Industrious to seek out the truth of all
things.
Spenser.
-- In*dus"tri*ous*ly, adv. --
In*dus"tri*ous*ness, n.
In"dus*try (?), n.; pl.
Industries (#). [L. industria, cf.
industrius diligent; of uncertain origin: cf. F.
industrie.]
1. Habitual diligence in any employment or
pursuit, either bodily or mental; steady attention to business;
assiduity; -- opposed to sloth and idleness; as,
industry pays debts, while idleness or despair will increase
them.
We are more industrious than our forefathers, because
in the present times the funds destined for the maintenance of
industry are much greater in proportion to those which are
likely to be employed in the maintenance of idleness, than they were
two or three centuries ago.
A. Smith.
2. Any department or branch of art,
occupation, or business; especially, one which employs much labor and
capital and is a distinct branch of trade; as, the sugar
industry; the iron industry; the cotton
industry.
3. (Polit. Econ.) Human exertion of
any kind employed for the creation of value, and regarded by some as
a species of capital or wealth; labor.
Syn. -- Diligence; assiduity; perseverance; activity;
laboriousness; attention. See Diligence.
In*du"tive (?), a. [L. indutus,
p. p. of induere to put on. See Indue.] (Bot.)
Covered; -- applied to seeds which have the usual integumentary
covering.
||In*du"vi*æ (?), n. pl. [L.,
clothes, fr. induere to put on. See Indue.]
(Bot.) Persistent portions of a calyx or corolla; also,
leaves which do not disarticulate from the stem, and hence remain for
a long time.
In*du"vi*ate (?), a. (Bot.)
Covered with induviæ, as the upper part of the trunk of a
palm tree.
In"dwell` (?), v. t. & i. [imp.
& p. p. Indwelt (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Indwelling.] To dwell in; to abide within;
to remain in possession.
The Holy Ghost became a dove, not as a symbol, but as
a constantly indwelt form.
Milman.
In"dwell`er (?) n. An
inhabitant. Spenser.
In"dwell`ing, n. Residence within,
as in the heart.
The personal indwelling of the Spirit in
believers.
South.
-ine (?; 104). 1. (Chem.) A
suffix, indicating that those substances of whose names it is a part
are basic, and alkaloidal in their nature.
&fist; All organic bases, and basic substances (especially
nitrogenous substances), are systematically written with the
termination -ine; as, quinine, morphine,
guanidine, etc. All indifferent and neutral substances, as
proteids, glycerides, glucosides, etc., should commonly be spelled
with -in; as, gelatin, amygdalin, etc. This rue
has no application to those numerous commercial or popular names with
the termination -ine; as, gasoline, vaseline,
etc.
2. (Organ. Chem.) A suffix, used to
indicate hydrocarbons of the second degree of unsaturation; i.
e., members of the acetyline series; as, hexine,
heptine, etc.
In*earth" (?), v. t. To
inter. [R.] Southey.
In*e"bri*ant (?), a. [L.
inebrians, p. pr. of inebriare. See Inebriate.]
Intoxicating.
In*e"bri*ant, n. Anything that
intoxicates, as opium, alcohol, etc.; an intoxicant.
Smart.
In*e"bri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Inebriated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Inebriating (?).] [L. inebriatus, p. p. of
inebriare; pref. in- in + ebriare to make drunk,
fr. ebrius drunk. See Ebriety.]
1. To make drunk; to intoxicate.
The cups
That cheer but not inebriate.
Cowper.
2. Fig.: To disorder the senses of; to
exhilarate or elate as if by spirituous drink; to deprive of sense
and judgment; also, to stupefy.
The inebriating effect of popular
applause.
Macaulay.
In*e"bri*ate, v. i. To become
drunk. [Obs.] Bacon.
In*e"bri*ate (?), a. [L.
inebriatus, p. p.] Intoxicated; drunk; habitually given
to drink; stupefied.
Thus spake Peter, as a man inebriate and made
drunken with the sweetness of this vision, not knowing what he
said.
Udall.
In*e"bri*ate, n. One who is drunk
or intoxicated; esp., an habitual drunkard; as, an asylum for
inebriates.
Some inebriates have their paroxysms of
inebriety.
E. Darwin.
In*e`bri*a"tion (?), n. [L.
inebriatio.] The condition of being inebriated;
intoxication; figuratively, deprivation of sense and judgment by
anything that exhilarates, as success. Sir T.
Browne.
Preserve him from the inebriation of
prosperity.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- See Drunkenness.
In`e*bri"e*ty (?), n. [See
Inebriate, Ebriety.] Drunkenness;
inebriation. E. Darwin.
In*e"bri*ous (?), a. Intoxicated,
or partially so; intoxicating. [R.] T. Brown.
In*ed"it*ed (?), a. Not edited;
unpublished; as, an inedited manuscript. T.
Warton.
||I`née" (?), n. [F.] An
arrow poison, made from an apocynaceous plant (Strophanthus
hispidus) of the Gaboon country; -- called also
onaye.
In*ef`fa*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
ineffabilitas: cf. F. ineffabilité.] The
quality or state of being ineffable; ineffableness;
unspeakableness.
In*ef"fa*ble (?), a. [L.
ineffabilis: cf. F. ineffable. See In- not, and
Effable, Fame.] Incapable of being expressed in
words; unspeakable; unutterable; indescribable; as, the
ineffable joys of heaven.
Contentment with our lot . . . will diffuse
ineffable contentment over the soul.
Beattie.
In*ef"fa*ble*ness, n. The quality
or state of being ineffable or unutterable;
unspeakableness.
In*ef"fa*bly, adv. In a manner not
to be expressed in words; unspeakably. Milton.
In`ef*face"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + effaceable: cf. F. ineffaçable.]
Incapable of being effaced; indelible; ineradicable.
In`ef*face"a*bly, adv. So as not
to be effaceable.
In`ef*fect"i*ble (?), a.
Ineffectual; impracticable. [R.] Bp. Hall.
In`ef*fect"ive (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + effective: cf. F. ineffectif.] Not
effective; ineffectual; futile; inefficient; useless; as, an
ineffective appeal.
The word of God, without the spirit, [is] a dead and
ineffective letter.
Jer. Taylor.
In`ef*fect"ive*ly, adv. In an
ineffective manner; without effect; inefficiently;
ineffectually.
In`ef*fect"ive*ness, n. Quality of
being ineffective.
In`ef*fec"tu*al (?; 135), a. Not
producing the proper effect; without effect; inefficient; weak;
useless; futile; unavailing; as, an ineffectual attempt; an
ineffectual expedient. Pope.
The peony root has been much commended, . . . and yet
has been by many found ineffectual.
Boyle.
Syn. -- Inefficient; useless; inefficacious; vain;
fruitless; unavailing; futile. See Useless,
Inefficacious.
In`ef*fec`tu*al"i*ty (?), n.
Ineffectualness. [R.]
In`ef*fec"tu*al*ly, adv. Without
effect; in vain.
Hereford . . . had been besieged for about two months
ineffectually by the Scots.
Ludlow.
In`ef*fec"tu*al*ness, n. Want of
effect, or of power to produce it; inefficacy.
The ineffectualness of some men's
devotion.
Wake.
In*ef`fer*ves"cence (?), n. Want
of effervescence. Kirwan.
In*ef`fer*ves"cent (?), a. Not
effervescing, or not susceptible of effervescence;
quiescent.
In*ef`fer*ves`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality of being ineffervescible.
In*ef`fer*ves"ci*ble (?), a. Not
capable or susceptible of effervescence.
In*ef`fi*ca"cious (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + efficacious: cf. F. inefficace, L.
inefficax.] Not efficacious; not having power to produce
the effect desired; inadequate; incompetent; inefficient;
impotent. Boyle.
The authority of Parliament must become
inefficacious . . . to restrain the growth of
disorders.
Burke.
&fist; Ineffectual, says Johnson, rather denotes an actual
failure, and inefficacious an habitual impotence to any
effect. But the distinction is not always observed, nor can it be;
for we can not always know whether means are inefficacious
till experiment has proved them ineffectual.
Inefficacious is therefore sometimes synonymous with
ineffectual.
In*ef`fi*ca"cious*ly, adv. Without
efficacy or effect.
In*ef`fi*ca"cious*ness, n. Want of
effect, or of power to produce the effect; inefficacy.
In*ef"fi*ca*cy (?), n. [L.
inefficacia. See In- not, and Efficacy.]
Want of power to produce the desired or proper effect;
inefficiency; ineffectualness; futility; uselessness; fruitlessness;
as, the inefficacy of medicines or means.
The seeming inefficacy of
censures.
Bp. Hall.
The inefficacy was soon proved, like that of
many similar medicines.
James Gregory.
In`ef*fi"cien*cy (?), n. The
quality of being inefficient; want of power or energy sufficient for
the desired effect; inefficacy; incapacity; as, he was discharged
from his position for inefficiency.
In`ef*fi"cient (?), a.
1. Not efficient; not producing the effect
intended or desired; inefficacious; as, inefficient means or
measures.
2. Incapable of, or indisposed to, effective
action; habitually slack or remiss; effecting little or nothing; as,
inefficient workmen; an inefficient
administrator.
In`ef*fi"cient*ly, adv. In an
inefficient manner.
In`e*lab"o*rate (?), a. [L.
inelaboratus. See In- not, and Elaborate.]
Not elaborate; not wrought with care; unpolished; crude;
unfinished.
In`e*las"tic (?), a. Not
elastic.
In`e*las*tic"i*ty (?), n. Want of
elasticity.
{ In*el"e*gance (?), In*el"e*gan*cy (?), }
n.; pl. Inelegances (#),
Inelegancies (#). [L. inelegantia: cf. F.
inélégance.]
1. The quality of being inelegant; want of
elegance or grace; want of refinement, beauty, or polish in language,
composition, or manners.
The notorious inelegance of her
figure.
T. Hook.
2. Anything inelegant; as, inelegance
of style in literary composition.
In*el"e*gant (?), a. [L.
inelegans: cf. F. inélégant. See In-
not, and Elegant.] Not elegant; deficient in beauty,
polish, refinement, grave, or ornament; wanting in anything which
correct taste requires.
What order so contrived as not to mix
Tastes, not well joined, inelegant.
Milton.
It renders style often obscure, always embarrassed and
inelegant.
Blair.
In*el"e*gant*ly, adv. In an
inelegant manner.
In*el`i*gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inéligibilité.] The state or quality of
being ineligible.
In*el"i*gi*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + eligible: cf. F. inéligible.]
Not eligible; not qualified to be chosen for an office; not
worthy to be chosen or preferred; not expedient or desirable.
Burke.
In*el"li*gi*bly (?), adv. In an
ineligible manner.
In*e"lo*quent (?), a. [L.
ineloquens: cf. F. inéloquent. See In-
not, and Eloquent.] Not eloquent; not fluent, graceful,
or pathetic; not persuasive; as, ineloquent
language.
Nor are thy lips ungraceful, sire of men,
Nor tongue ineloquent.
Milton.
In*e"lo*quent*ly, adv. Without
eloquence.
In`e*luc"ta*ble (?), a. [L.
ineluctabilis; pref. in- not + eluctabilis to be
surmounted, fr. eluctari to struggle out of, to surmount: cf.
F. inéluctable. See Eluctate.] Not to be
overcome by struggling; irresistible; inevitable. Bp.
Pearson.
The ineluctable conditions of
matter.
Hamerton.
In`e*lud"i*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being eluded or evaded; unvoidable.
Most pressing reasons and ineludible
demonstrations.
Glanvill.
In*em"bry*o*nate (?), a. (Biol.)
Not embryonate.
In`e*nar"ra*ble (?), a. [L.
inenarrabilis; pref. in- not + enarrabilis that
may be related; fr. enarrare to relate: cf. F.
inénarrable. See Enarration.] Incapable of
being narrated; indescribable; ineffable. [Obs.]
"Inenarrable goodness." Bp. Fisher.
In*ept" (?), a. [L. ineptus;
prefix. in- not + aptus apt, fit: cf. F. inepte.
Cf. Inapt.]
1. Not apt or fit; unfit; unsuitable;
improper; unbecoming.
The Aristotelian philosophy is inept for new
discoveries.
Glanvill.
2. Silly; useless; nonsensical; absurd;
foolish.
To view attention as a special act of intelligence,
and to distinguish it from consciousness, is utterly
inept.
Sir W. Hamilton.
In*ept"i*tude (?), n. [L.
ineptitudo.]
1. The quality of being inept; unfitness;
inaptitude; unsuitableness.
That ineptitude for society, which is
frequently the fault of us scholars.
Tatler.
2. Absurdity; nonsense;
foolishness.
In*ept"ly, adv. Unfitly;
unsuitably; awkwardly.
None of them are made foolishly or
ineptly.
Dr. H. More.
In*ept"ness, n. Unfitness;
ineptitude.
The feebleness and miserable ineptness of
infancy.
Dr. H. More.
In*e"qua*ble (?), a.
Unequable. [R.] Bailey.
In*e"qual (?), a. [L.
inaequalis. See In- not, and Equal.]
Unequal; uneven; various. [Obs.] Chaucer.
In`e*qual"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Inequalities (#). [L. inaequalitas.]
1. The quality of being unequal; difference,
or want of equality, in any respect; lack of uniformity;
disproportion; unevenness; disparity; diversity; as, an
inequality in size, stature, numbers, power, distances,
motions, rank, property, etc.
There is so great an inequality in the length
of our legs and arms as makes it impossible for us to walk on all
four.
Ray.
Notwithstanding which inequality of number, it
was resolved in a council of war to fight the Dutch
fleet.
Ludlow.
Sympathy is rarely strong where there is a great
inequality of condition.
Macaulay.
2. Unevenness; want of levelness; the
alternate rising and falling of a surface; as, the
inequalities of the surface of the earth, or of a marble slab,
etc.
The country is cut into so many hills and
inequalities as renders it defensible.
Addison.
3. Variableness; changeableness; inconstancy;
lack of smoothness or equability; deviation; unsteadiness, as of the
weather, feelings, etc.
Inequality of air is ever an enemy to
health.
Bacon.
4. Disproportion to any office or purpose;
inadequacy; competency; as, the inequality of terrestrial
things to the wants of a rational soul. South.
5. (Alg.) An expression consisting of
two unequal quantities, with the sign of inequality (> or <)
between them; as, the inequality 2 < 3, or 4 >
1.
6. (Astron.) An irregularity, or a
deviation, in the motion of a planet or satellite from its uniform
mean motion; the amount of such deviation.
In`e*qua"tion (?), n. (Math.)
An inequality.
In*e`qui*dis"tant (?), a. Not
equally distant; not equidistant.
In*e`qui*lat"er*al (?), a.
1. Having unequal sides; unsymmetrical; unequal-
sided.
2. (Zoöl.) Having the two ends
unequal, as in the clam, quahaug, and most lamellibranch
shells.
In*e`qui*lo"bate (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + equi- + lobate.] (Biol.)
Unequally lobed; cut into lobes of different shapes or
sizes.
In*eq"ui*ta*ble (?), a. Not
equitable; not just. Burke.
In*eq"ui*tate (?), v. t. [L.
inequitatus, p. p. inequitare to ride over. See 1st
In-, and Equitant.] To ride over or through.
[Obs.] Dr. H. More.
In*eq"ui*ty (?), n. Want of
equity; injustice; wrong. "Some form of inequity."
H. Spencer.
{ In*e"qui*valve (?), In*e`qui*val"vu*lar (?), }
a. (Zoöl.) Having unequal valves,
as the shell of an oyster.
In`e*rad"i*ca*ble (?), a.
Incapable of being eradicated or rooted out.
The bad seed thus sown was
ineradicable.
Ld. Lytton.
In`e*rad"i*ca*bly, adv. So as not
to be eradicable.
{ In`er*get"ic (?), In`er*get"ic*al (?), }
a. [Pref. in- not + energetic, -
ical.] Having no energy; sluggish. [R.]
Boyle.
In`er*get"ic*al*ly, adv. Without
energy. [R.]
{ In*erm" (?), In*er"mous (?), }
a. (Bot.) Same as
Inermis.
||In*er"mis (?), a. [L. inermis,
inermus; pref. in- not + arma arms: cf. F.
inerme.] (Bot.) Unarmed; destitute of prickles or
thorns, as a leaf. Gray.
In*er`ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. Freedom
or exemption from error; infallibility. Eikon
Basilike.
In*er"ra*ble (?), a. [L.
inerrabilis. See In- not, and Err.]
Incapable of erring; infallible; unerring.
"Inerabble and requisite conditions." Sir T. Browne.
"Not an inerrable text." Gladstone.
In*er"ra*ble*ness
(&ibreve;n*&ebreve;r"r&adot;*b'l*n&ebreve;s), n.
Exemption from error; inerrability; infallibility.
Hammond.
In*er"ra*bly, adv. With security
from error; infallibly; unerringly.
In*er"ran*cy (?), n. Exemption
from error.
The absolute inerrancy of the
Bible.
The Century.
In`er*rat"ic (&ibreve;n`&ebreve;r*răt"&ibreve;k),
a. Not erratic or wandering; fixed; settled;
established.
In*err"ing*ly (?), adv. Without
error, mistake, or deviation; unerringly. Glanvill.
In*ert" (?), a. [L. iners,
inertis, unskilled, idle; pref. in- + ars art:
cf. F. inerte. See Art.]
1. Destitute of the power of moving itself,
or of active resistance to motion; as, matter is
inert.
2. Indisposed to move or act; very slow to
act; sluggish; dull; inactive; indolent; lifeless.
The inert and desponding party of the
court.
Macaulay.
It present becomes extravagant, then imbecile, and at
length utterly inert.
I. Taylor.
3. Not having or manifesting active
properties; not affecting other substances when brought in contact
with them; powerless for an expected or desired effect.
Syn. -- Inactive; dull; passive; indolent; sluggish;
slothful; lazy; lifeless; irresolute; stupid; senseless; insensible.
-- Inert, Inactive, Sluggish. A man may be
inactive from mere want of stimulus to effort; but one who is
inert has something in his constitution or his habits which
operates like a weight holding him back from exertion.
Sluggish is still stronger, implying some defect of
temperament which directly impedes action. Inert and
inactive are negative, sluggish is positive.
Even the favored isles . . .
Can boast but little virtue; and, inert
Through plenty, lose in morals what they gain
In manners -- victims of luxurious ease.
Cowper.
Doomed to lose four months in inactive
obscurity.
Johnson.
Sluggish Idleness, the nurse of sin,
Upon a slothful ass he chose to ride.
Spenser.
In*er"ti*a (?), n. [L., idleness, fr.
iners idle. See Inert.]
1. (Physics) That property of matter
by which it tends when at rest to remain so, and when in motion to
continue in motion, and in the same straight line or direction,
unless acted on by some external force; -- sometimes called vis
inertiæ.
2. Inertness; indisposition to motion,
exertion, or action; want of energy; sluggishness.
Men . . . have immense irresolution and
inertia.
Carlyle.
3. (Med.) Want of activity;
sluggishness; -- said especially of the uterus, when, in labor, its
contractions have nearly or wholly ceased.
Center of inertia. (Mech.) See under
Center.
In*er"tion (?), n. Want of
activity or exertion; inertness; quietude. [R.]
These vicissitudes of exertion and inertion of
the arterial system constitute the paroxysms of remittent
fever.
E. Darwin.
In*ert"i*tude (?), n. [See
Inert.] Inertness; inertia. [R.] Good.
In*ert"ly, adv. Without activity;
sluggishly. Pope.
In*ert"ness, n. 1.
Want of activity or exertion; habitual indisposition to action
or motion; sluggishness; apathy; insensibility.
Glanvill.
Laziness and inertness of mind.
Burke.
2. Absence of the power of self-motion;
inertia.
In*er"u*dite (?), a. [L.
ineruditus. See In- not, and Erudite.] Not
erudite; unlearned; ignorant.
In`es*cap"a*ble (?), a. Not
escapable.
In*es"cate (?), v. t. [L.
inescatus, p. p. of inescare; in- in +
esca bait.] To allure; to lay a bait for.
[Obs.]
To inescate and beguile young
women!
Burton.
In`es*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
inescatio.] The act of baiting; allurement. [Obs.]
Hallywell.
In`es*cutch"eon (?), n. (Her.)
A small escutcheon borne within a shield.
||In` es"se (?). [L.] In being; actually existing; -
- distinguished from in posse, or in potentia, which
denote that a thing is not, but may be.
In`es*sen"tial (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + essential: cf. F. inessentiel.]
1. Having no essence or being. H.
Brooke.
The womb of inessential Naught.
Shelley.
2. Not essential; unessential.
In*es"ti*ma*ble (?), a. [L.
inaestimabilis: cf. F. inestimable. See In- not,
and Estimate.] Incapable of being estimated or computed;
especially, too valuable or excellent to be measured or fully
appreciated; above all price; as, inestimable rights or
privileges.
But above all, for thine inestimable
love.
Bk. of Com. Prayer.
Science is too inestimable for expression by a
money standard.
Lyon Playfair.
Syn. -- Incalculable; invaluable; priceless.
In*es"ti*ma*bly, adv. In a manner,
or to a degree, above estimation; as, things inestimably
excellent.
In`e*va"si*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being evaded; inevitable; unavoidable.
In*ev"i*dence (?), n. [Cf. F.
inévidence.] Want of evidence; obscurity.
[Obs.] Barrow.
In*ev"i*dent (?), a. [Cf. F.
inévident.] Not evident; not clear or obvious;
obscure.
In*ev`i*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inévitabilité.] Impossibility to be avoided
or shunned; inevitableness. Shelford.
In*ev"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
inevitabilis: cf. F. inévitable. See In-
not, and Evitable.]
1. Not evitable; incapable of being shunned;
unavoidable; certain. "The inevitable hour."
Gray.
It was inevitable; it was necessary; it was
planted in the nature of things.
Burke.
2. Irresistible. "Inevitable
charms." Dryden.
In*ev"i*ta*ble*ness (?), n. The
state of being unavoidable; certainty to happen.
Prideaux.
In*ev"i*ta*bly, adv. Without
possibility of escape or evasion; unavoidably; certainly.
Inevitably thou shalt die.
Milton.
How inevitably does immoderate laughter end in
a sigh!
South.
In`ex*act" (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + exact: cf. F. inexact.] Not exact; not
precisely correct or true; inaccurate.
In`ex*act"i*tude (?), n.
Inexactness; uncertainty; as, geographical
inexactitude.
In`ex*act"ly, adv. In a manner not
exact or precise; inaccurately. R. A. Proctor.
In`ex*act"ness, n. Incorrectness;
want of exactness.
In`ex*cit`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being inexcitable; insusceptibility to
excitement.
In`ex*cit"a*ble (?), a. [L.
inexcitabilis from which one cannot be aroused. See In-
not, and Excite.] Not susceptible of excitement; dull;
lifeless; torpid.
In`ex*cus"a*ble (?), a. [L.
inexcusabilis: cf. F. inexcusable. See Excuse.]
Not excusable; not admitting excuse or justification; as,
inexcusable folly.
Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man,
whosoever thou art that judgest; for wherein thou judgest another,
thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same
things.
Rom. ii. 1.
In`ex*cus"a*ble*ness, n. The
quality of being inexcusable; enormity beyond forgiveness.
South.
In`ex*cus"a*bly, adv. With a
degree of guilt or folly beyond excuse or justification.
Inexcusably obstinate and
perverse.
Jortin.
In*ex"e*cra*ble (?), a. That can
not be execrated enough. [R.]
In*ex"e*cu`ta*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + executable: cf. F. inexécutable.]
Incapable of being executed or performed; impracticable;
infeasible.
In*ex`e*cu"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
not + execution: cf. F. inexécution.]
Neglect of execution; nonperformance; as, the inexecution
of a treaty. Spence.
In`ex*er"tion (?), n. Want of
exertion; want of effort; defect of action; indolence;
laziness.
In`ex*hal"a*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being exhaled. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
In`ex*haust"ed (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + exhausted: cf. F. inexhaustus.] Not
exhausted; not emptied; not spent; not having lost all strength or
resources; unexhausted. Dryden.
In`ex*haust"ed*ly, adv. Without
exhaustion.
In`ex*haust`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state or quality of being inexhaustible; abundance.
In`ex*haust"i*ble (?), a.
Incapable of being exhausted, emptied, or used up; unfailing;
not to be wasted or spent; as, inexhaustible stores of
provisions; an inexhaustible stock of elegant words.
Dryden.
An inexhaustible store of
anecdotes.
Macaulay.
-- In`ex*haust"i*ble*ness, n. --
In`ex*haust"i*bly, adv.
In`ex*haust"ive (?), a.
Inexhaustible. Thomson.
In`ex*ist" (?), v. i. [Pref. in-
in + exist.] To exist within; to dwell within.
[Obs.]
Substances inexisting within the divine
mind.
A. Tucker.
In`ex*ist"ant (?), a. [Cf. F.
inexistant. See 1st Inexistent.] Inexistent; not
existing. [Obs.] Gudworth.
In`ex*ist"ence (?), n. [Pref. in-
in + existence.] [Obs.] (a)
Inherence; subsistence. Bp. Hall.
(b) That which exists within; a
constituent. A. Tucker.
In`ex*ist"ence, n. [Pref. in- in
+ existence: cf. F. inexistence.] Want of being or
existence.
In`ex*ist"ent (?), a. [Pref. in-
in + existent: cf. F. inexistant.] Not having
being; not existing.
In`ex*ist"ent, a. [Pref. in- in
+ existent.] Inherent; innate; indwelling.
Boyle.
In*ex`o*ra*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
inexorabilitas: cf. F. inexorabilité.] The
quality of being inexorable, or unyielding to entreaty.
Paley.
In*ex"o*ra*ble (?), a. [L.
inexorabilis: cf. F. inexorable. See In- not,
and Exorable, Adore.] Not to be persuaded or moved
by entreaty or prayer; firm; determined; unyielding; unchangeable;
inflexible; relentless; as, an inexorable prince or tyrant; an
inexorable judge. "Inexorable equality of laws."
Gibbon. "Death's inexorable doom." Dryden.
You are more inhuman, more inexorable,
O, ten times more than tigers of Hyrcania.
Shak.
In*ex"o*ra*ble*ness, n. The
quality or state of being inexorable.
Chillingworth.
In*ex"o*ra*bly, adv. In an
inexorable manner; inflexibly. "Inexorably firm."
Thomson.
In`ex*pan"si*ble (?), a. Incapable
of expansion, enlargement, or extension. Tyndall.
In`ex*pect"a*ble (?), a. Not to be
expected or anticipated. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
In"ex*pect"ant (?), a. Not
expectant. C. Bronté.
In*ex`pec*ta"tion (?), n. Absence
of expectation. Feltham.
In`ex*pect"ed (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + expected: cf. L. inexspectatus.]
Unexpected. [Obs.]
In`ex*pect"ed*ly, adv.
Unexpectedly. [Obs.]
In`ex*pect"ed*ness, n.
Unexpectedness. [Obs.]
{ In`ex*pe"di*ence (?), In`ex*pe"di*en*cy (?), }
n. The quality or state of being inexpedient;
want of fitness; unsuitableness to the end or object; impropriety;
as, the inexpedience of some measures.
It is not the rigor but the inexpediency of
laws and acts of authority which makes them tyrannical.
Paley.
In`ex*pe"di*ent (?), a. Not
expedient; not tending to promote a purpose; not tending to the end
desired; inadvisable; unfit; improper; unsuitable to time and place;
as, what is expedient at one time may be inexpedient at
another.
If it was not unlawful, yet it was highly
inexpedient to use those ceremonies.
Bp.
Burnet.
Syn. -- Unwise; impolitic; imprudent; indiscreet;
unprofitable; inadvisable; disadvantageous.
In`ex*pe"di*ent*ly (?), adv. Not
expediently; unfitly.
In`ex*pen"sive (?), a. Not
expensive; cheap.
In`ex*pe"ri*ence (?), n. [L.
inexperientia, cf. F. inexpérience. See In-
not, and Experience.] Absence or want of experience;
lack of personal and experimental knowledge; as, the
inexperience of youth.
Failings which are incident to youth and
inexperience.
Dryden.
Prejudice and self-sufficiency naturally proceed from
inexperience of the world, and ignorance of
mankind.
Addison.
In`ex*pe"ri*enced (?), a. Not
having experience; unskilled. "Inexperienced youth."
Cowper.
In`ex*pert" (?), a. [L.
inexpertus inexperienced: cf. F. inexpert. See In-
not, and Expert.]
1. Destitute of experience or of much
experience. [Obs.] Milton.
2. Not expert; not skilled; destitute of
knowledge or dexterity derived from practice.
Akenside.
In`ex*pert"ness, n. Want of
expertness or skill.
In*ex"pi*a*ble (?), a. [L.
inexpiabilis: cf. F. inexpiable. See In- not,
and Expiable.]
1. Admitting of no expiation, atonement, or
satisfaction; as, an inexpiable crime or offense.
Pomfret.
2. Incapable of being mollified or appeased;
relentless; implacable. [Archaic] "Inexpiable hate."
Milton.
They are at inexpiable war with all
establishments.
Burke.
In*ex"pi*a*ble*ness, n. Quality of
being inexpiable.
In*ex"pi*a*bly, adv. In an
inexpiable manner of degree; to a degree that admits of no
atonement.
In*ex"pi*ate (?), a. [L.
inexpiatus. See In- not, and Expiate.] Not
appeased or placated. [Obs.]
To rest inexpiate were much too rude a
part.
Chapman.
In`ex*plain"a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + explainable; cf. L. inexplanabilis.]
Incapable of being explained; inexplicable.
In*ex"ple*a*bly (?), adv. [Cf. L.
inexplebilis; pref. in- not + explere to fill
up. See Expletion.] Insatiably. [Obs.]
Sandys.
In*ex`pli*ca*bil"i*ty, n. [Cf. F.
inexplicabilité.] The quality or state of being
inexplicable. H. Spencer.
In*ex"pli*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
inexplicabilis: cf. F. inexplicable. See In-
not, and Explicable.] Not explicable; not explainable;
incapable of being explained, interpreted, or accounted for; as, an
inexplicable mystery. "An inexplicable
scratching." Cowper.
Their reason is disturbed; their views become vast and
perplexed, to others inexplicable, to themselves
uncertain.
Burke.
In*ex"pli*ca*ble*ness, n. A state
of being inexplicable; inexplicability.
In*ex"pli*ca*bly, adv. In an
inexplicable manner.
In`ex*plic"it (?), a. [L.
inexplicitus: cf. F. inexplicite. See In- not,
and Explicit.] Not explicit; not clearly stated;
indefinite; vague.
In`ex*plor"a*ble (?), a. Incapable
of being explored, searched out, or discovered. Sir G.
Buck.
In`ex*plo"sive (?), a. Not
explosive.
In`ex*po"sure (?; 135), n. A state
of not being exposed.
In`ex*press"i*ble (?), a. Not
capable of expression or utterance in language; ineffable;
unspeakable; indescribable; unutterable; as, inexpressible
grief or pleasure. "Inexpressible grandeur."
Blair.
In orbs
Of circuit inexpressible they stood.
Milton.
In`ex*press"i*bles (?), n. pl.
Breeches; trousers. [Colloq. or Slang]
Ld. Lytton.
In`ex*press"i*bly, adv. In an
inexpressible manner or degree; unspeakably; unutterably.
Spectator.
In`ex*press"ive (?), a.
1. Inexpressible. [R.]
2. Without expression or meaning; not
expressive; dull; unintelligent; as, an inexpressive
countenance.
In`ex*press"ive*ness, n. The state
or quality of being inexpressive.
In`ex*pug"na*ble (?), a. [L.
inexpugnabilis: cf. F. inexpugnable. See In-
not, and Expugnable.] Incapable of being subdued by
force; impregnable; unconquerable. Burke.
A fortress, inexpugnable by the arts of
war.
Milman.
In`ex*pug"na*bly, adv. So as to be
inexpugnable; in an inexpugnable manner. Dr. H.
More.
In`ex*su"per*a*ble (?), a. [L.
inexsuperabilis; pref. in- not + exsuperabilis
that may be surmounted. See In- not, Ex-, and
Superable.] Not capable of being passed over;
insuperable; insurmountable.
In`ex*tend"ed (?), a. Not
extended.
In`ex*ten"si*ble (?), a. Not
capable of being extended; not elastic; as, inextensible
fibers.
In`ex*ten"sion (?), n. Want of
extension; unextended state.
In`ex*ter"mi*na*ble (?), a. [L.
inexterminabilis. See In- not, and Exterminate.]
Incapable of extermination. Rush.
In`ex*tinct" (?), a. [L.
inextinctus, inexstinctus. See Extinct.]
Not quenched; not extinct.
In`ex*tin"gui*ble (?), a. [L.
inexstinguibilis: cf. F, inextinguible. See
Inextinct.] Inextinguishable. [Obs.] Sir T.
More.
In`ex*tin"guish*a*ble (?), a. Not
capable of being extinguished; extinguishable; unquenchable; as,
inextinguishable flame, light, thirst, desire, feuds.
"Inextinguishable rage." Milton.
In`ex*tin"guish*a*bly, adv. So as
not to be extinguished; in an inextinguishable manner.
In`ex*tir"pa*ble (?), a. [L.
inexstirpabilis: cf. F. inextirpable. See In-
not, and Extirpate.] Not capable of being extirpated or
rooted out; ineradicable.
In*ex"tri*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
inextricabilis: cf. F. inextricable. See In-
not, and Extricate.]
1. Incapable of being extricated, untied, or
disentangled; hopelessly intricate, confused, or obscure; as, an
inextricable knot or difficulty; inextricable
confusion.
Lost in the wild, inextricable
maze.
Blackmore.
2. Inevitable. [R.] "Fate
inextricable." Milton.
In*ex"tri*ca*ble*ness (?), n. The
state of being inextricable.
In*ex"tri*ca*bly, adv. In an
inextricable manner.
In*eye" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ineyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ineyeing.] [Pref. in- in + eye.] To
ingraft, as a tree or plant, by the insertion of a bud or eye; to
inoculate.
The arts of grafting and ineying.
J. Philips.
In*fab"ri*ca`ted (?), a. Not
fabricated; unwrought; not artificial; natural. [Obs.]
In*fal"li*bil*ist (?), n. One who
accepts or maintains the dogma of papal infallibility.
In*fal`li*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
infaillibilité.] The quality or state of being
infallible, or exempt from error; inerrability.
Infallibility is the highest perfection of the
knowing faculty.
Tillotson.
Papal infallibility (R. C. Ch.), the
dogma that the pope can not, when acting in his official character of
supreme pontiff, err in defining a doctrine of Christian faith or
rule of morals, to be held by the church. This was decreed by the
Ecumenical Council at the Vatican, July 18, 1870.
In*fal"li*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + fallible: cf. F. infallible.]
1. Not fallible; not capable of erring;
entirely exempt from liability to mistake; unerring; inerrable.
Dryden.
2. Not liable to fail, deceive, or
disappoint; indubitable; sure; certain; as, infallible
evidence; infallible success; an infallible
remedy.
To whom also he showed himself alive, after his
passion, by many infallible proofs.
Acts i.
3.
3. (R. C. Ch.) Incapable of error in
defining doctrines touching faith or morals. See Papal
infallibility, under Infallibility.
In*fal"li*ble*ness, n. The state
or quality of being infallible; infallibility. Bp.
Hall.
In*fal"li*bly, adv. In an
infallible manner; certainly; unfailingly; unerringly.
Blair.
In*fame" (?), v. t. [L.
infamare, fr. infamis infamous: cf. F. infamer,
It. infamare. See Infamous.] To defame; to make
infamous. [Obs.] Milton.
Livia is infamed for the poisoning of her
husband.
Bacon.
In"fa*mize (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Infamized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Infamizing (?).] To make infamous; to
defame. [R.] Coleridge.
In"fa*mous (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + famous: cf. L. infamis. See Infamy.]
1. Of very bad report; having a reputation of
the worst kind; held in abhorrence; guilty of something that exposes
to infamy; base; notoriously vile; detestable; as, an infamous
traitor; an infamous perjurer.
False errant knight, infamous, and
forsworn.
Spenser.
2. Causing or producing infamy; deserving
detestation; scandalous to the last degree; as, an infamous
act; infamous vices; infamous corruption.
Macaulay.
3. (Law) Branded with infamy by
conviction of a crime; as, at common law, an infamous person
can not be a witness.
4. Having a bad name as being the place where
an odious crime was committed, or as being associated with something
detestable; hence, unlucky; perilous; dangerous.
"Infamous woods." P. Fletcher.
Infamous hills, and sandy perilous
wilds.
Milton.
The piny shade
More infamous by cursed Lycaon made.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Detestable; odious; scandalous; disgraceful; base;
vile; shameful; ignominious.
In"fa*mous*ly, adv. In an infamous
manner or degree; scandalously; disgracefully; shamefully.
The sealed fountain of royal bounty which had been
infamously monopolized and huckstered.
Burke.
In"fa*mous*ness, n. The state or
quality of being infamous; infamy.
In"fa*my (?), n.; pl.
Infamies (#). [L. infamia, fr.
infamis infamous; pref. in- not + fama fame: cf.
F. infamie. See Fame.]
1. Total loss of reputation; public disgrace;
dishonor; ignominy; indignity.
The afflicted queen would not yield, and said she
would not . . . submit to such infamy.
Bp.
Burnet.
2. A quality which exposes to disgrace;
extreme baseness or vileness; as, the infamy of an
action.
3. (Law) That loss of character, or
public disgrace, which a convict incurs, and by which he is at common
law rendered incompetent as a witness.
In"fan*cy (?), n. [L. infantia:
cf. F. enfance. See Infant.]
1. The state or period of being an infant;
the first part of life; early childhood.
The babe yet lies in smiling
infancy.
Milton.
Their love in early infancy began.
Dryden.
2. The first age of anything; the beginning
or early period of existence; as, the infancy of an
art.
The infancy and the grandeur of
Rome.
Arbuthnot.
3. (Law) The state or condition of one
under age, or under the age of twenty-one years; nonage;
minority.
In*fan"dous (?), a. [L.
infandus; pref. in- not + fari to speak.]
Too odious to be expressed or mentioned. [Obs.]
Howell.
In*fang"thef (?), n. [AS. in-fangen-
þeóf; in in, into + fangen taken (p.
p. of fōn to take) + þeóf thief.]
(O. Eng. Law) The privilege granted to lords of certain
manors to judge thieves taken within the seigniory of such
lords. Cowell.
In"fant (?), n. [L. infans;
pref. in- not + fari to speak: cf. F. enfant,
whence OE. enfaunt. See Fame, and cf. Infante,
Infanta.] 1. A child in the first period
of life, beginning at his birth; a young babe; sometimes, a child
several years of age.
And tender cries of infants pierce the
ear.
C. Pitt.
2. (Law) A person who is not of full
age, or who has not attained the age of legal capacity; a person
under the age of twenty-one years; a minor.
&fist; An infant under seven years of age is not penally
responsible; between seven and fourteen years of age, he may be
convicted of a malicious offense if malice be proved. He becomes of
age on the day preceding his twenty-first birthday, previous to which
time an infant has no capacity to contract.
3. Same as Infante. [Obs.]
Spenser.
In"fant (?), a. 1.
Of or pertaining to infancy, or the first period of life;
tender; not mature; as, infant strength.
2. Intended for young children; as, an
infant school.
In"fant, v. t. [Cf. F.
enfanter.] To bear or bring forth, as a child; hence, to
produce, in general. [Obs.]
This worthy motto, "No bishop, no king," is . . .
infanted out of the same fears.
Milton.
||In*fan"ta (?), n. [Sp. & Pg., fem. of
infante. See Infante.] A title borne by every one
of the daughters of the kings of Spain and Portugal, except the
eldest.
||In*fan"te (?), n. [Sp. & Pg. See
Infant.] A title given to every one of sons of the kings
of Spain and Portugal, except the eldest or heir apparent.
In"fant*hood (?), n.
Infancy. [R.]
In*fan"ti*ci`dal (?), a. Of or
pertaining to infanticide; engaged in, or guilty of, child
murder.
In*fan"ti*cide (?), n. [L.
infanticidium child murder; infans, -antis,
child + caedere to kill: cf. F. infanticide. See
Infant, and Homicide.] The murder of an infant
born alive; the murder or killing of a newly born or young child;
child murder.
In*fan"ti*cide, n. [L.
infanticida: cf. F. infanticide.] One who commits
the crime of infanticide; one who kills an infant.
In"fan*tile (?; 277), a. [L.
infantilis: cf. F. infantile. See Infant.]
Of or pertaining to infancy, or to an infant; similar to, or
characteristic of, an infant; childish; as, infantile
behavior.
In"fan*tine (?; 277), a. [Cf. F.
enfantin.] Infantile; childish.
A degree of credulity next
infantine.
Burke.
In"fant*like` (?), a. Like an
infant. Shak.
In"fant*ly, a. Like an
infant. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
In"fan*try (?), n. [F.
infanterie, It. infanteria, fr. infante infant,
child, boy servant, foot soldier, fr. L. infans, -
antis, child; foot soldiers being formerly the servants and
followers of knights. See Infant.]
1. A body of children. [Obs.] B.
Jonson.
2. (Mil.) A body of soldiers serving
on foot; foot soldiers, in distinction from cavalry.
In*farce" (?), v. t. [L.
infarcire: pref. in- in + farcire, fartum
and farctum, to stuff, cram.] To stuff; to swell.
[Obs.]
The body is infarced with . . . watery
humors.
Sir T. Elyot.
In*farc"tion (?), n. [See
Infarce.] The act of stuffing or filling; an overloading
and obstruction of any organ or vessel of the body;
constipation.
In"fare` (?), n. [AS.
infær entrance.] A house-warming; especially, a
reception, party, or entertainment given by a newly married couple,
or by the husband upon receiving the wife to his house.
[Written also infair.] [Scot., & Local, U. S.]
In*fash"ion*a*ble, a.
Unfashionable. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
In*fat"i*ga*ble (?), a. [L.
infatigabilis: cf. F. infatigable.]
Indefatigable. [Obs.] Daniel.
In*fat"u*ate (?; 135), a. [L.
infatuatus, p. p. of infatuare to infatuate; pref.
in- in + fatuus foolish. See Fatuous.]
Infatuated. Bp. Hall.
In*fat"u*ate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Infatuated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Infatuating.]
1. To make foolish; to affect with folly; to
weaken the intellectual powers of, or to deprive of sound
judgment.
The judgment of God will be very visible in
infatuating a people . . . ripe and prepared for
destruction.
Clarendon.
2. To inspire with a foolish and extravagant
passion; as, to be infatuated with gaming.
The people are . . . infatuated with the
notion.
Addison.
In*fat"u*a`ted (?), a. Overcome by
some foolish passion or desire; affected by infatuation.
In*fat`u*a"tion (?), n. [LL.
infatuatio: cf. F. infatuation.] The act of
infatuating; the state of being infatuated; folly; that which
infatuates.
The infatuations of the sensual and frivolous
part of mankind are amazing; but the infatuations of the
learned and sophistical are incomparably more so.
I.
Taylor.
Such is the infatuation of self-
love.
Blair.
In*faust" (?), a. [L. infaustus;
pref. in- not + faustus fortunate, lucky.] Not
favorable; unlucky; unpropitious; sinister. [R.] Ld.
Lytton.
In*faust"ing (?), n. The act of
making unlucky; misfortune; bad luck. [Obs.] Bacon.
In*fea`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
state of being infeasible; impracticability.
In*fea"si*ble (?), a. Not capable
of being done or accomplished; impracticable.
Glanvill.
In*fea"si*ble*ness, n. The state
of quality of being infeasible; infeasibility. W.
Montagu.
In*fect" (?), a. [L. infectus:
cf. F. infect. See Infect, v. t.]
Infected. Cf. Enfect. [Obs.] Shak.
In*fect", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Infected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Infecting.] [L. infectus, p. p. of inficere to
put or dip into, to stain, infect; pref. in- in +
facere to make; cf. F. infecter. See Fact.]
1. To taint with morbid matter or any
pestilential or noxious substance or effluvium by which disease is
produced; as, to infect a lancet; to infect an
apartment.
2. To affect with infectious disease; to
communicate infection to; as, infected with the
plague.
Them that were left alive being infected with
this disease.
Sir T. North.
3. To communicate to or affect with, as
qualities or emotions, esp. bad qualities; to corrupt; to
contaminate; to taint by the communication of anything noxious or
pernicious. Cowper.
Infected Ston's daughters with like
heat.
Milton.
4. (Law) To contaminate with
illegality or to expose to penalty.
Syn. -- To poison; vitiate; pollute; defile.
In*fect"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, infects.
In*fect"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
being infected.
In*fec"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
infection, L. infectio a dyeing.]
1. The act or process of infecting.
There was a strict order against coming to those pits,
and that was only to prevent infection.
De
Foe.
2. That which infects, or causes the
communicated disease; any effluvium, miasm, or pestilential matter by
which an infectious disease is caused.
And that which was still worse, they that did thus
break out spread the infection further by their wandering
about with the distemper upon them.
De Foe.
3. The state of being infected; contamination
by morbific particles; the result of infecting influence; a
prevailing disease; epidemic.
The danger was really very great, the infection
being so very violent in London.
De Foe.
4. That which taints or corrupts morally; as,
the infection of vicious principles.
It was her chance to light
Amidst the gross infections of those times.
Daniel.
5. (Law) Contamination by illegality,
as in cases of contraband goods; implication.
6. Sympathetic communication of like
qualities or emotions; influence.
Through all her train the soft infection
ran.
Pope.
Mankind are gay or serious by
infection.
Rambler.
Syn. -- Infection, Contagion. --
Infection is often used in a definite and limited sense of the
transmission of affections without direct contact of individuals or
immediate application or introduction of the morbific agent, in
contradistinction to contagion, which then implies
transmission by direct contact. Quain. See
Contagious.
In*fec"tious (?), a. [Cf. F.
infectieux.]
1. Having qualities that may infect;
communicable or caused by infection; pestilential; epidemic; as, an
infectious fever; infectious clothing;
infectious air; infectious vices.
Where the infectious pestilence.
Shak.
2. Corrupting, or tending to corrupt or
contaminate; vitiating; demoralizing.
It [the court] is necessary for the polishing of
manners . . . but it is infectious even to the best morals to
live always in it.
Dryden.
3. (Law) Contaminating with
illegality; exposing to seizure and forfeiture.
Contraband articles are said to be of an
infectious nature.
Kent.
4. Capable of being easily diffused or
spread; sympathetic; readily communicated; as, infectious
mirth.
The laughter was so genuine as to be
infectious.
W. Black.
Syn. -- See Contagious.
In*fec"tious*ly, adv. In an
infectious manner. Shak.
In*fec"tious*ness, n. The quality
of being infectious.
In*fect"ive (?), a. [L.
infectivus pertaining to dyeing.] Infectious.
Beau. & Fl.
True love . . . hath an infective
power.
Sir P. Sidney.
In*fec"und (?), a. [L.
infecundus: cf. F. infécond. See In- not,
and Fecund.] Unfruitful; not producing young; barren;
infertile. [Obs.] Evelyn.
In`fe*cun"di*ty (?), n. [L.
infecunditas: cf. F. infécondité.]
Want of fecundity or fruitfulness; barrenness; sterility;
unproductiveness.
In`fe*cun"dous (?), a. [See
Infecund.] Infertile; barren; unprofitable;
unproductive. [Obs.] Glanvill.
In*fee"ble (?), v. t. See
Enfeeble.
In`fe*lic"i*tous (?), a. Not
felicitous; unhappy; unfortunate; not fortunate or appropriate in
application; not well said, expressed, or done; as, an
infelicitous condition; an infelicitous remark; an
infelicitous description; infelicitous words.
In`fe*lic"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Infelicities (#). [L. infelicitas: cf. F.
infélicité. See In- not, and
Felicity.]
1. The state or quality of being
infelicitous; unhappiness; misery; wretchedness; misfortune; want of
suitableness or appropriateness. I. Watts.
Whatever is the ignorance and infelicity of the
present state, we were made wise and happy.
Glanvill.
2. That (as an act, word, expression, etc.)
which is infelicitous; as, infelicities of speech.
In`fe*lo"ni*ous (?), a. Not
felonious, malignant, or criminal. G. Eliot.
In"felt` (?), a. [Pref. in- in +
felt.] Felt inwardly; heartfelt. [R.]
The baron stood afar off, or knelt in submissive,
acknowledged, infelt inferiority.
Milman.
In`feo*da"tion (?), n. (Law)
See Infeudation.
In*feoff" (?), v. t. (Law)
See Enfeoff.
In*feoff"ment (?), n. (Law)
See Enfeoffment.
In*fer" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inferred (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inferring.] [L. inferre to bring into, bring forward,
occasion, infer; pref. in- in + ferre to carry, bring:
cf. F. inférer. See 1 st Bear.]
1. To bring on; to induce; to occasion.
[Obs.] Harvey.
2. To offer, as violence. [Obs.]
Spenser.
3. To bring forward, or employ as an
argument; to adduce; to allege; to offer. [Obs.]
Full well hath Clifford played the orator,
Inferring arguments of mighty force.
Shak.
4. To derive by deduction or by induction; to
conclude or surmise from facts or premises; to accept or derive, as a
consequence, conclusion, or probability; to imply; as, I
inferred his determination from his silence.
To infer is nothing but by virtue of one
proposition laid down as true, to draw in another as
true.
Locke.
Such opportunities always infer
obligations.
Atterbury.
5. To show; to manifest; to prove.
[Obs.]
The first part is not the proof of the second, but
rather contrariwise, the second inferreth well the
first.
Sir T. More.
This doth infer the zeal I had to see
him.
Shak.
In*fer"a*ble (&ibreve;n*f&etilde;r"&adot;*b'l or
&ibreve;n*f&ebreve;r"-; 277), a. Capable of
being inferred or deduced from premises. [Written also
inferrible.] H. Spencer.
A sufficient argument . . . is inferable from
these premises.
Burke.
In"fer*ence (?), n. [From
Infer.]
1. The act or process of inferring by
deduction or induction.
Though it may chance to be right in the conclusions,
it is yet unjust and mistaken in the method of
inference.
Glanvill.
2. That which inferred; a truth or
proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be
true; a conclusion; a deduction. Milton.
These inferences, or conclusions, are the
effects of reasoning, and the three propositions, taken all together,
are called syllogism, or argument.
I. Watts.
Syn. -- Conclusion; deduction; consequence. --
Inference, Conclusion. An inference is literally
that which is brought in; and hence, a deduction or induction
from premises, -- something which follows as certainly or probably
true. A conclusion is stronger than an inference; it
shuts us up to the result, and terminates inquiry. We
infer what is particular or probable; we conclude what
is certain. In a chain of reasoning we have many inferences,
which lead to the ultimate conclusion. "An inference is
a proposition which is perceived to be true, because of its
connection with some known fact." "When something is simply affirmed
to be true, it is called a proposition; after it has been
found to be true by several reasons or arguments, it is called a
conclusion." I. Taylor.
In`fer*en"tial (?), a. Deduced or
deducible by inference. "Inferential proofs." J. S.
Mill.
In`fer*en"tial*ly, adv. By way of
inference.
||In*fe"ri*æ (?), n. pl. [L., fr.
inferus underneath.] (Rom. Antiq.) Sacrifices
offered to the souls of deceased heroes or friends.
In*fe"ri*or (?), a. [L., compar. of
inferus that is below, underneath, the lower; akin to E.
under: cf. F. inférieur. See Under.]
1. Lower in place, rank, excellence, etc.;
less important or valuable; subordinate; underneath;
beneath.
A thousand inferior and particular
propositions.
I. Watts.
The body, or, as some love to call it, our
inferior nature.
Burke.
Whether they are equal or inferior to my other
poems, an author is the most improper judge.
Dryden.
2. Poor or mediocre; as, an inferior
quality of goods.
3. (Astron.) (a)
Nearer the sun than the earth is; as, the inferior or
interior planets; an inferior conjunction of Mercury or
Venus. (b) Below the horizon; as, the
inferior part of a meridian.
4. (Bot.) (a) Situated
below some other organ; -- said of a calyx when free from the ovary,
and therefore below it, or of an ovary with an adherent and therefore
inferior calyx. (b) On the side of a
flower which is next the bract; anterior.
5. (Min.) Junior or subordinate in
rank; as, an inferior officer.
Inferior court (Law), a court subject
to the jurisdiction of another court known as the superior, or
higher, court. -- Inferior
letter, Inferior figure (Print.),
a small letter or figure standing at the bottom of the line
(opposed to superior letter or figure), as in
A2, Bn, 2 and n are inferior
characters. -- Inferior tide, the tide
corresponding to the moon's transit of the meridian, when below the
horizon.
In*fe"ri*or, n. A person lower in
station, rank, intellect, etc., than another.
A great person gets more by obliging his
inferior than by disdaining him.
South.
In*fe`ri*or"i*ty (?), [Cf. F.
infériorité.] The state of being inferior;
a lower state or condition; as, inferiority of rank, of
talents, of age, of worth.
A deep sense of our own great
inferiority.
Boyle.
In*fe"ri*or*ly (?), adv. In an
inferior manner, or on the inferior part.
In*fer"nal (?), a. [F. infernal,
L. infernalis, fr. infernus that which lies beneath,
the lower. See Inferior.]
1. Of or pertaining to or suitable for the
lower regions, inhabited, according to the ancients, by the dead;
pertaining to Pluto's realm of the dead, the Tartarus of the
ancients.
The Elysian fields, the infernal
monarchy.
Garth.
2. Of or pertaining to, resembling, or
inhabiting, hell; suitable for hell, or to the character of the
inhabitants of hell; hellish; diabolical; as, infernal
spirits, or conduct.
The instruments or abettors in such infernal
dealings.
Addison.
Infernal machine, a machine or apparatus
maliciously designed to explode, and destroy life or property. -
- Infernal stone (lapis infernalis),
lunar caustic; formerly so called. The name was also applied to
caustic potash.
Syn. -- Tartarean; Stygian; hellish; devilish; diabolical;
satanic; fiendish; malicious.
In*fer"nal, n. An inhabitant of
the infernal regions; also, the place itself. [Obs.]
Drayton.
In*fer"nal*ly, adv. In an infernal
manner; diabolically. "Infernally false." Bp.
Hacket.
In`fe*ro*bran"chi*an (?), n.
(Zoöl.) One of the Inferobranchiata.
In`fe*ro*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.
See Inferobranchiate.] (Zoöl.) A suborder of
marine gastropod mollusks, in which the gills are between the foot
and the mantle.
In`fe*ro*bran"chi*ate (?), a. [L.
inferus lower + E. branchiate.] (Zoöl.)
Having the gills on the sides of the body, under the margin of
the mantle; belonging to the Inferobranchiata.
In*fer"ri*ble (?), a.
Inferable.
In*fer"tile (?), a. [L.
infertilis: cf. F. infertile. See In- not, and
Fertile.] Not fertile; not productive; barren; sterile;
as, an infertile soil.
In*fer"tile*ly, adv. In an
infertile manner.
In`fer*til"i*ty (?), n. [L.
infertilitas: cf. F. infertilité.] The
state or quality of being infertile; unproductiveness;
barrenness.
The infertility or noxiousness of the
soil.
Sir M. Hale.
In*fest" (?), a. [L. infestus.
See Infest, v. t.] Mischievous;
hurtful; harassing. [Obs.] Spenser.
In*fest", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Infested; p. pr. & vb. n.
Infesting.] [L. infestare, fr. infestus
disturbed, hostile, troublesome; in in, against + the root of
defendere: cf. F. infester. See Defend.] To
trouble greatly by numbers or by frequency of presence; to disturb;
to annoy; to frequent and molest or harass; as, fleas infest
dogs and cats; a sea infested with pirates.
To poison vermin that infest his
plants.
Cowper.
These, said the genius, are envy, avarice,
superstition, love, with the like cares and passions that
infest human life.
Addison.
And the cares, that infest the day,
Shall fold their tents, like the Arabs,
And as silently steal away.
Longfellow.
In`fes*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
infestatio: cf. F. infestation.] The act of
infesting or state of being infested; molestation; vexation;
annoyance. Bacon.
Free from the infestation of
enemies.
Donne.
In*fest"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, infests.
In*fest"ive (?), a. [L.
infestivus. See In- not, and Festive.]
Having no mirth; not festive or merry; dull; cheerless; gloomy;
forlorn. [R.]
In`fes*tiv"i*ty (?), n. Want of
festivity, cheerfulness, or mirth; dullness; cheerlessness.
[R.]
In*fes"tu*ous (?; 135), a. [L.
infestus. See Infest, a.]
Mischievous; harmful; dangerous. [Obs.] "Infestuous
as serpents." Bacon.
In`feu*da"tion (?), n. [LL.
infeudatio, fr. infeudare to enfeoff: cf. F.
inféodation. See Feud a fief.]
1. (Law) The act of putting one in
possession of an estate in fee. Sir M. Hale.
2. The granting of tithes to laymen.
Blackstone.
In*fib`u*la"tion (?), n. [L.
infibulare, infibulatum, to clasp, buckle, or button
together; pref. in- in + fibula clasp, buckle: cf. F.
infibulation.]
1. The act of clasping, or fastening, as with
a buckle or padlock.
2. The act of attaching a ring, clasp, or
frame, to the genital organs in such a manner as to prevent
copulation.
In"fi*del (?), a. [L. infidelis;
pref. in- not + fidelis faithful, fr. fides
faith: cf. F. infidèle. See Fidelity.] Not
holding the faith; -- applied esp. to one who does not believe in the
inspiration of the Scriptures, and the supernatural origin of
Christianity.
The infidel writer is a great enemy to
society.
V. Knox.
In"fi*del, n. One who does not
believe in the prevailing religious faith; especially, one who does
not believe in the divine origin and authority of Christianity; a
Mohammedan; a heathen; a freethinker.
&fist; Infidel is used by English writers to translate the
equivalent word used Mohammedans in speaking of Christians and other
disbelievers in Mohammedanism.
Syn. -- Infidel, Unbeliever,
Freethinker, Deist, Atheist, Sceptic,
Agnostic. An infidel, in common usage, is one who
denies Christianity and the truth of the Scriptures. Some have
endeavored to widen the sense of infidel so as to embrace
atheism and every form of unbelief; but this use does not generally
prevail. A freethinker is now only another name for an
infidel. An unbeliever is not necessarily a
disbeliever or infidel, because he may still be inquiring
after evidence to satisfy his mind; the word, however, is more
commonly used in the extreme sense. A deist believes in one
God and a divine providence, but rejects revelation. An
atheist denies the being of God. A sceptic is one whose
faith in the credibility of evidence is weakened or destroyed,
so that religion, to the same extent, has no practical hold on his
mind. An agnostic remains in a state of suspended judgment,
neither affirming nor denying the existence of a personal Deity.
In`fi*del"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Infidelities (&?;). [L. infidelitas: cf. F.
infidélité.]
1. Want of faith or belief in some religious
system; especially, a want of faith in, or disbelief of, the
inspiration of the Scriptures, of the divine origin of
Christianity.
There is, indeed, no doubt but that vanity is one of
the principal causes of infidelity.
V.
Knox.
2. Unfaithfulness to the marriage vow or
contract; violation of the marriage covenant by adultery.
3. Breach of trust; unfaithfulness to a
charge, or to moral obligation; treachery; deceit; as, the
infidelity of a servant. "The infidelity of
friends." Sir W. Temple.
In*field" (?), v. t. To inclose,
as a field. [R.]
In"field` (?), n. 1.
Arable and manured land kept continually under crop; --
distinguished from outfield. [Scotland]
Jamieson.
2. (Baseball) The diamond; -- opposed
to outfield. See Diamond, n.,
5.
In*file" (?), v. t. To arrange in
a file or rank; to place in order. [Obs.] Holland.
In*film" (?), v. t. To cover with
a film; to coat thinly; as, to infilm one metal with another
in the process of gilding; to infilm the glass of a
mirror. [R.]
In*fil"ter (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Infiltered; p. pr. &
vb. n. Infiltering.] [Cf. Infiltrate.]
To filter or sift in.
In*fil"trate (?), v. i. [imp. &
p. p. Infiltrated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Infiltrating (?).] [Pref. in- +
filtrate: cf. F, s'infiltrer. Cf. Infilter.]
To enter by penetrating the pores or interstices of a substance;
to filter into or through something.
The water infiltrates through the porous
rock.
Addison.
In*fil"trate, v. t. To penetrate
gradually; -- sometimes used reflexively. J. S.
Mill.
In`fil*tra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
infiltration.]
1. The act or process of infiltrating, as of
water into a porous substance, or of a fluid into the cells of an
organ or part of the body.
2. The substance which has entered the pores
or cavities of a body. Addison.
Calcareous infiltrations filling the
cavities.
Kirwan.
Fatty infiltration. (Med.) See under
Fatty. -- Infiltration gallery, a
filter gallery.
In*fil"tra*tive (?), a. Of or
pertaining to infiltration. Kane.
In"fi*nite (?), a. [L.
infinitus: cf. F. infini. See In- not, and
Finite.]
1. Unlimited or boundless, in time or space;
as, infinite duration or distance.
Whatever is finite, as finite, will admit of no
comparative relation with infinity; for whatever is less than
infinite is still infinitely distant from infinity; and lower
than infinite distance the lowest or least can not
sink.
H. Brooke.
2. Without limit in power, capacity,
knowledge, or excellence; boundless; immeasurably or inconceivably
great; perfect; as, the infinite wisdom and goodness of God; -
- opposed to finite.
Great is our Lord, and of great power; his
understanding is infinite.
Ps. cxlvii.
5.
O God, how infinite thou art!
I. Watts.
3. Indefinitely large or extensive; great;
vast; immense; gigantic; prodigious.
Infinite riches in a little room.
Marlowe.
Which infinite calamity shall cause
To human life.
Milton.
4. (Math.) Greater than any assignable
quantity of the same kind; -- said of certain quantities.
5. (Mus.) Capable of endless
repetition; -- said of certain forms of the canon, called also
perpetual fugues, so constructed that their ends lead to their
beginnings, and the performance may be incessantly repeated.
Moore (Encyc. of Music).
Syn. -- Boundless; immeasurable; illimitable; interminable;
limitless; unlimited; endless; eternal.
In"fi*nite, n. 1.
That which is infinite; boundless space or duration; infinity;
boundlessness.
Not till the weight is heaved from off the air, and
the thunders roll down the horizon, will the serene light of God flow
upon us, and the blue infinite embrace us again.
J. Martineau.
2. (Math.) An infinite quantity or
magnitude.
3. An infinity; an incalculable or very great
number.
Glittering chains, embroidered richly o'er
With infinite of pearls and finest gold.
Fanshawe.
4. The Infinite Being; God; the
Almighty.
In"fi*nite*ly, adv. 1.
Without bounds or limits; beyond or below assignable limits; as,
an infinitely large or infinitely small
quantity.
2. Very; exceedingly; vastly; highly;
extremely. "Infinitely pleased." Dryden.
In"fi*nite*ness, n. The state or
quality of being infinite; infinity; greatness; immensity.
Jer. Taylor.
In`fin*i*tes"i*mal (?), a. [Cf. F.
infinitésimal, fr. infinitésime
infinitely small, fr. L. infinitus. See Infinite,
a.] Infinitely or indefinitely small; less
than any assignable quantity or value; very small.
Infinitesimal calculus, the different and
the integral calculus, when developed according to the method used by
Leibnitz, who regarded the increments given to variables as
infinitesimal.
In`fin*i*tes"i*mal, n. (Math.)
An infinitely small quantity; that which is less than any
assignable quantity.
In`fin*i*tes"i*mal*ly, adv. By
infinitesimals; in infinitely small quantities; in an infinitesimal
degree.
In*fin`i*ti"val (?), a. Pertaining
to the infinite mood. "Infinitival stems." Fitzed.
Hall.
In*fin"i*tive (?), n. [L.
infinitivus: cf. F. infinitif. See Infinite.]
Unlimited; not bounded or restricted; undefined.
Infinitive mood (Gram.), that form of
the verb which merely names the action, and performs the office of a
verbal noun. Some grammarians make two forms in English: (a)
The simple form, as, speak, go, hear, before
which to is commonly placed, as, to speak; to
go; to hear. (b) The form of the imperfect
participle, called the infinitive in -ing; as, going is
as easy as standing.
With the auxiliary verbs may, can, must,
might, could, would, and should, the
simple infinitive is expressed without to; as, you may
speak; they must hear, etc. The infinitive usually omits
to with the verbs let, dare, do,
bid, make, see, hear, need, etc.;
as, let me go; you dare not tell; make him work;
hear him talk, etc.
&fist; In Anglo-Saxon, the simple infinitive was not preceded by
to (the sign of modern simple infinitive), but it had a dative
form (sometimes called the gerundial infinitive) which was preceded
by to, and was chiefly employed in expressing purpose. See
Gerund, 2.
The gerundial ending (-anne) not only took the same form as
the simple infinitive (-an), but it was confounded with the
present participle in -ende, or -inde (later -
inge).
In*fin"i*tive, n. (Gram.)
An infinitive form of the verb; a verb in the infinitive mood;
the infinitive mood.
In*fin"i*tive, adv. (Gram.)
In the manner of an infinitive mood.
||In`fi*ni"to (?), a. [It.]
(Mus.) Infinite; perpetual, as a canon whose end leads
back to the beginning. See Infinite, a.,
5.
In*fin"i*tude (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being infinite, or
without limits; infiniteness.
2. Infinite extent; unlimited space;
immensity; infinity. "I am who fill infinitude."
Milton.
As pleasing to the fancy, as speculations of eternity
or infinitude are to the understanding.
Addison.
3. Boundless number; countless
multitude. "An infinitude of distinctions."
Addison.
In*fin"i*tu`ple (?), a. [Cf.
Quadruple.] Multiplied an infinite number of times.
[R.] Wollaston.
In*fin"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Infinities (#). [L. infinitas; pref. in-
not + finis boundary, limit, end: cf. F.
infinité. See Finite.]
1. Unlimited extent of time, space, or
quantity; eternity; boundlessness; immensity. Sir T.
More.
There can not be more infinities than one; for
one of them would limit the other.
Sir W.
Raleigh.
2. Unlimited capacity, energy, excellence, or
knowledge; as, the infinity of God and his perfections.
Hooker.
3. Endless or indefinite number; great
multitude; as an infinity of beauties.
Broome.
4. (Math.) A quantity greater than any
assignable quantity of the same kind.
&fist; Mathematically considered, infinity is always a limit of a
variable quantity, resulting from a particular supposition made upon
the varying element which enters it. Davies & Peck (Math.
Dict.).
5. (Geom.) That part of a line, or of
a plane, or of space, which is infinitely distant. In modern
geometry, parallel lines or planes are sometimes treated as lines or
planes meeting at infinity.
Circle at infinity, an imaginary circle at
infinity, through which, in geometry of three dimensions, every
sphere is imagined to pass. -- Circular points at
infinity. See under Circular.
In*firm" (&ibreve;n*f&etilde;rm"), a.
[L. infirmus: cf. F. infirme. See In- not, and
Firm, a.] 1. Not firm
or sound; weak; feeble; as, an infirm body; an infirm
constitution.
A poor, infirm, weak, and despised old
man.
Shak.
2. Weak of mind or will; irresolute;
vacillating. "An infirm judgment." Burke.
Infirm of purpose!
Shak.
3. Not solid or stable; insecure;
precarious.
He who fixes on false principles treads or
infirm ground.
South.
Syn. -- Debilitated; sickly; feeble; decrepit; weak;
enfeebled; irresolute; vacillating; imbecile.
In*firm", v. t. [L. infirmare :
cf. F. infirmer.] To weaken; to enfeeble. [Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
In`fir*ma"ri*an
(&ibreve;n`f&etilde;r*mā"r&ibreve;*an),
n. A person dwelling in, or having charge of,
an infirmary, esp. in a monastic institution.
In*firm"a*ry (&ibreve;n*f&etilde;rm"&adot;*r&ybreve;),
n.; pl. Infirmaries (-
r&ibreve;z). [Cf. OE. fermerie, OF. enfermerie, F.
infirmerie, LL. infirmaria. See Infirm.] A
hospital, or place where the infirm or sick are lodged and nursed
gratuitously, or where out-patients are treated.
In*firm"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
infirmatif.] Weakening; annulling, or tending to make
void. [Obs.]
In*firm"a*to*ry (?), n. An
infirmary. [Obs.]
In*firm"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Infirmities (#). [L. infirmitas : cf. F.
infirmite. See Infirm, a.]
1. The state of being infirm; feebleness; an
imperfection or weakness; esp., an unsound, unhealthy, or debilitated
state; a disease; a malady; as, infirmity of body or
mind.
'T is the infirmity of his age.
Shak.
2. A personal frailty or failing; foible;
eccentricity; a weakness or defect.
Will you be cured of your infirmity
?
Shak.
A friend should bear his friend's
infirmities.
Shak.
The house has also its
infirmities.
Evelyn.
Syn. -- Debility; imbecility; weakness; feebleness;
failing; foible; defect; disease; malady. See Debility.
In*firm"ly, adv. In an infirm
manner.
In*firm"ness, n. Infirmity;
feebleness. Boyle.
In*fix" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Infixed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Infixing.] [L. infixus, p. p of infigere to
infix; pref. in- in + figere to fix: cf. F.
infixer. See Fix.] 1. To set; to
fasten or fix by piercing or thrusting in; as, to infix a
sting, spear, or dart. Shak.
The fatal dart a ready passage found,
And deep within her heart infixed the wound.
Dryden.
2. To implant or fix; to instill; to
inculcate, as principles, thoughts, or instructions; as, to
infix good principles in the mind, or ideas in the
memory.
In"fix (?), n. Something
infixed. [R.] Welsford.
In*flame" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inflamed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inflaming.] [OE. enflamen, OF. enflamer, F.
enflammer, L. inflammare, inflammatum; pref.
in- in + flammare to flame, fr. flamma flame.
See Flame.] 1. To set on fire; to kindle;
to cause to burn, flame, or glow.
We should have made retreat
By light of the inflamed fleet.
Chapman.
2. Fig.: To kindle or intensify, as passion
or appetite; to excite to an excessive or unnatural action or heat;
as, to inflame desire.
Though more, it seems,
Inflamed with lust than rage.
Milton.
But, O inflame and fire our
hearts.
Dryden.
3. To provoke to anger or rage; to
exasperate; to irritate; to incense; to enrage.
It will inflame you; it will make you
mad.
Shak.
4. (Med.) To put in a state of
inflammation; to produce morbid heat, congestion, or swelling, of;
as, to inflame the eyes by overwork.
5. To exaggerate; to enlarge upon.
[Obs.]
A friend exaggerates a man's virtues, an enemy
inflames his crimes.
Addison.
Syn. -- To provoke; fire; kindle; irritate; exasperate;
incense; enrage; anger; excite; arouse.
In*flame", v. i. To grow morbidly
hot, congested, or painful; to become angry or incensed.
Wiseman.
In*flamed" (?), p. a.
1. Set on fire; enkindled; heated; congested;
provoked; exasperated.
2. (Her.) Represented as burning, or
as adorned with tongues of flame.
In*flam"er (?n-flām\'b6?r), n.
The person or thing that inflames. Addison.
In*flam"ma*bil"l*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inflammabilite.] Susceptibility of taking fire readily;
the state or quality of being inflammable.
In*flam"ma*ble (?), a. [CF. F.
inflammable.] 1. Capable of being easily
set fire; easily enkindled; combustible; as, inflammable oils
or spirits.
2. Excitable; irritable; irascible; easily
provoked; as, an inflammable temper.
Inflammable air, the old chemical name for
hydrogen.
In*flam"ma*ble*ness, n. The
quality or state of being inflammable; inflammability.
Boyle.
In*flam"ma*bly
(&ibreve;n*flăm"m&adot;*bl&ybreve;), adv.
In an inflammable manner.
In*flam*ma"tion
(&ibreve;n*flăm*mā"shŭn), n.
[L. inflammatio: cf. F. inflammation. See
Inflame.] 1. The act of inflaming,
kindling, or setting on fire; also, the state of being
inflamed. "The inflammation of fat."
Wilkins.
2. (Med.) A morbid condition of any
part of the body, consisting in congestion of the blood vessels, with
obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is
manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and
pain.
3. Violent excitement; heat; passion;
animosity; turbulence; as, an inflammation of the mind, of the
body politic, or of parties. Hooker.
In*flam"ma*tive (?), a.
Inflammatory.
In*flam"ma*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
inflammatoire.] 1. Tending to inflame,
kindle, or irritate.
2. Tending to excite anger, animosity,
tumult, or sedition; seditious; as, inflammatory libels,
writings, speeches, or publications. Burke.
3. (Med.) Accompanied with, or tending
to cause, preternatural heat and excitement of arterial action; as,
an inflammatory disease.
Inflammatory crust. (Med.) Same as
Buffy coat, under Buffy. -- Inflammatory
fever, a variety of fever due to inflammation.
In*flat"a*ble (?), a. That may be
inflated.
In*flate" (?), p. a. [L.
inflatus, p. p. of inflare to inflate; pref. in-
in + flare to blow. See Blow to puff wind.] Blown
in; inflated. Chaucer.
In*flate", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inflated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inflating.] 1. To swell or distend with
air or gas; to dilate; to expand; to enlarge; as, to inflate a
bladder; to inflate the lungs.
When passion's tumults in the bosom rise,
Inflate the features, and enrage the eyes.
J.
Scott of Amwell.
2. Fig.: To swell; to puff up; to elate; as,
to inflate one with pride or vanity.
Inflate themselves with some insane
delight.
Tennyson.
3. To cause to become unduly expanded or
increased; as, to inflate the currency.
In*flate", v. i. To expand; to
fill; to distend.
In*flat"ed (?), a. 1.
Filled, as with air or gas; blown up; distended; as, a balloon
inflated with gas.
2. Turgid; swelling; puffed up; bombastic;
pompous; as, an inflated style.
Inflated and astrut with self-
conceit.
Cowper.
3. (Bot.) Hollow and distended, as a
perianth, corolla, nectary, or pericarp. Martyn.
4. Distended or enlarged fictitiously; as,
inflated prices, etc.
In*flat"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, inflates; as, the inflaters of the stock
exchange.
In*flat"ing*ly, adv. In a manner
tending to inflate.
In*fla"tion (?), n. [L.
inflatio: cf. F. inflation.] 1.
The act or process of inflating, or the state of being inflated,
as with air or gas; distention; expansion; enlargement.
Boyle.
2. The state of being puffed up, as with
pride; conceit; vanity. B. Jonson.
3. Undue expansion or increase, from
overissue; -- said of currency. [U.S.]
In*fla"tion*ist, n. One who favors
an increased or very large issue of paper money. [U.S.]
||In*fla"tus (?), n. [L. See
Inflate, v. t.] A blowing or breathing
into; inflation; inspiration.
The divine breath that blows the nostrils out
To ineffable inflatus.
Mrs. Browning.
In*flect" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inflected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inflecting.] [L. inflectere, inflexum; pref.
in- in + flectere to bend. See Flexible, and cf.
Inflex.] 1. To turn from a direct line or
course; to bend; to incline, to deflect; to curve; to bow.
Are they [the rays of the sun] not reflected,
refracted, and inflected by one and the same principle
?
Sir I. Newton.
2. (Gram.) To vary, as a noun or a
verb in its terminations; to decline, as a noun or adjective, or to
conjugate, as a verb.
3. To modulate, as the voice.
In*flect"ed, a. 1.
Bent; turned; deflected.
2. (Gram.) Having inflections; capable
of, or subject to, inflection; inflective.
Inflected cycloid (Geom.), a prolate
cycloid. See Cycloid.
In*flec"tion (?), n. [L.
inflexio : cf. F. inflexion. See Inflect.]
[Written also inflecxion.] 1. The act of
inflecting, or the state of being inflected.
2. A bend; a fold; a curve; a turn; a
twist.
3. A slide, modulation, or accent of the
voice; as, the rising and the falling inflection.
4. (Gram.) The variation or change
which words undergo to mark case, gender, number, comparison, tense,
person, mood, voice, etc.
5. (Mus.) (a) Any
change or modification in the pitch or tone of the voice.
(b) A departure from the monotone, or reciting
note, in chanting.
6. (Opt.) Same as
Diffraction.
Point of inflection (Geom.), the
point on opposite sides of which a curve bends in contrary
ways.
In*flec"tion*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to inflection; having, or characterized by,
inflection. Max Müller.
In*flect"ive (?), a. 1.
Capable of, or pertaining to, inflection; deflecting; as, the
inflective quality of the air. Derham.
2. (Gram.) Inflectional; characterized
by variation, or change in form, to mark case, tense, etc.; subject
to inflection.
Inflective language (Philol.), a
language like the Greek or Latin, consisting largely of stems with
variable terminations or suffixes which were once independent words.
English is both agglutinative, as, manlike, headache,
and inflective, as, he, his, him. Cf.
Agglutinative.
In*flesh" (?), v. t. To
incarnate.
In*flex" (?), v. t. [Cf. Flex,
Inflect.] To bend; to cause to become curved; to make
crooked; to deflect. J. Philips.
In*flexed" (?), a. 1.
Turned; bent. Feltham.
2. (Bot.) Bent or turned abruptly
inwards, or toward the axis, as the petals of a flower.
In*flex"i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inflexibilité.] The quality or state of being
inflexible, or not capable of being bent or changed; unyielding
stiffness; inflexibleness; rigidity; firmness of will or purpose;
unbending pertinacity; steadfastness; resoluteness; unchangeableness;
obstinacy.
The inflexibility of mechanism.
A. Baxter.
That grave inflexibility of soul.
Churchill.
The purity and inflexibility of their
faith.
T. Warton.
In*flex"i*ble (?), a. [L.
inflexiblis: cf. F. inflexible. See In- not, and
Flexible.] 1. Not capable of being bent;
stiff; rigid; firm; unyielding.
2. Firm in will or purpose; not to be turned,
changed, or altered; resolute; determined; unyieding; inexorable;
stubborn.
"Inflexibleas steel."
Miltom.
A man of upright and inflexible temper . . .
can overcome all private fear.
Addison.
3. Incapable of change; unalterable;
immutable.
The nature of things is
inflexible.
I. Watts.
Syn. -- -- Unbending; unyielding; rigid; inexorable;
pertinacious; obstinate; stubborn; unrelenting.
In*flex"i*ble*ness, n. The quality
or state of being inflexible; inflexibility; rigidity;
firmness.
In*flex"i*bly, adv. In an
inflexible manner.
In*flex"ion (?), n.
Inflection.
In*flex"ive (?), a. 1.
Inflective.
"Inflexive endings."
W. E.
Jelf.
2. Inflexible. [R.] "Foes
inflexive." Chapman.
In*flex"ure (?), n. An inflection;
a bend or fold. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
In*flict" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inflicted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inflicting.] [L. inflictus, p. p. of infligere
to strike on, to inflict; pref. in- in, on + fligere to
strike. Cf. Flail.] To give, cause, or produce by
striking, or as if by striking; to apply forcibly; to lay or impose;
to send; to cause to bear, feel, or suffer; as, to inflict
blows; to inflict a wound with a dagger; to inflict
severe pain by ingratitude; to inflict punishment on an
offender; to inflict the penalty of death on a
criminal.
What heart could wish, what hand inflict, this
dire disgrace?
Drygen.
The persecution and the pain
That man inflicts on all inferior kinds.
Cowper.
In*flict"er (?), n. One who
inflicts.
God is the sole and immediate inflicter of such
strokes.
South.
In*flic"tion (?), n. [L.
inflictio: cf. F. infliction.] 1.
The act of inflicting or imposing; as, the infliction of
torment, or of punishment.
2. That which is inflicted or imposed, as
punishment, disgrace, calamity, etc.
His severest inflictions are in themselves acts
of justice and righteousness.
Rogers.
In*flict"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
inflictif.] Causing infliction; acting as an
infliction. Whitehead.
In`flo*res"cence (?), n. [L.
inflorescens, p. pr. of inflorescere to begin to
blossom; pref. in- in + florescere to begin to blossom:
cf. F. inflorescence. See Florescent.]
1. A flowering; the putting forth and unfolding
of blossoms.
2. (Bot.) (a) The mode
of flowering, or the general arrangement and disposition of the
flowers with reference to the axis, and to each other.
(b) An axis on which all the buds are flower
buds.
Inflorescence affords an excellent
characteristic mark in distinguishing the species of
plants.
Milne.
Centrifugal inflorescence, determinate
inflorescence. -- Centripetal inflorescence,
indeterminate inflorescence. See under Determinate, and
Indeterminate.
In*flow" (?), v. i. To flow
in. Wiseman.
In"flu*ence (&ibreve;n"fl&usl;*ens),
n. [F. influence, fr. L. influens,
-entis, p. pr. See Influent, and cf. Influenza.]
1. A flowing in or upon; influx.
[Obs.]
God hath his influence into the very essence of
all things.
Hooker.
2. Hence, in general, the bringing about of
an effect, physical or moral, by a gradual process; controlling power
quietly exerted; agency, force, or tendency of any kind which
affects, modifies, or sways; as, the influence which the sun
exerts on animal and vegetable life; the influence of
education on the mind; the influence, according to
astrologers, of the stars over affairs.
Astrologers call the evil influences of the
stars, evil aspects.
Bacon.
Canst thou bind the sweet influences of
Pleiades, or loose the bands of Orion?
Job xxxviii.
31.
She said : "Ah, dearest lord! what evil star
On you hath frown'd, and poured, his influence
bad?"
Spenser.
3. Power or authority arising from elevated
station, excelence of character or intellect, wealth, etc.;
reputation; acknowledged ascendency; as, he is a man of
influence in the community.
Such influence hath your
excellency.
Sir P. Sidney.
4. (Elec.) Induction.
Syn. -- Control; persuasion; ascendency; sway; power;
authority; supremacy; mastery; management; restraint; character;
reputation; prestige.
In"flu*ence, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Influenced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Influencing (?).] To control or move by power, physical
or moral; to affect by gentle action; to exert an influence upon; to
modify, bias, or sway; to move; to persuade; to induce.
These experiments succeed after the same manner in
vacuo as in the open air, and therefore are not influenced by
the weight or pressure of the atmosphere.
Sir I.
Newton.
This standing revelation . . . is sufficient to
influence their faith and practice, if they
attend.
Attebury.
The principle which influenced their obedience
has lost its efficacy.
Rogers.
In"flu*en*cer (&ibreve;n"fl&usl;*en*s&etilde;r),
n. One who, or that which,
influences.
In"flu*en*cive (-s&ibreve;v), a.
Tending to influence; influential.
In"flu*ent (-ent), a. [L.
influens, -entis, p. pr. of influere,
influxum, to flow in; pref. in- in + fluere to
flow. See Fluid.] 1. Flowing in.
"With influent tide." Cowper. "Influent odors."
Mrs. Browning.
2. Exerting influence; influential.
[Obs.]
I find no office by name assigned unto Dr. Cox, who
was virtually influent upon all, and most active.
Fuller.
In`flu*en"tial (&ibreve;n`fl&usl;*&ebreve;n"shal),
a. [See Influence.] Exerting or
possessing influence or power; potent; efficacious; effective;
strong; having authority or ascendency; as, an influential
man, station, argument, etc.
A very influential Gascon prefix.
Earle.
In`flu*en"tial*ly, adv. In an
influential manner.
In`flu*en"za (?), n. [It.
influenza influence, an epidemic formerly attributed by
astrologers to the influence of the heavenly bodies, influenza. See
Influence.] (Med.) An epidemic affection
characterized by acute nasal catarrh, or by inflammation of the
throat or the bronchi, and usually accompanied by fever.
In"flux` (?), n. [L. influxus,
fr. influere, influxum, to flow in: cf. F.
influx. See Influent.] 1. The act
of flowing in; as, an influx of light.
2. A coming in; infusion; intromission;
introduction; importation in abundance; also, that which flows or
comes in; as, a great influx of goods into a country, or an
influx of gold and silver.
The influx of food into the Celtic region,
however, was far from keeping pace with the influx of
consumers.
Macaulau.
The general influx of Greek into modern
languages.
Earle.
3. Influence; power. [Obs.] Sir M.
Hale.
In*flux"ion (?), n. [L. influxio
: cf. F. influxion.] A flowing in; infusion. [R.]
Bacon.
In*flux"ious (?), a.
Influential. [Obs.]
In*flux"ive (?), a. Having a
tendency to flow in; having influence; influential. [R.]
Holdsworth.
In*flux"ive*ly, adv. By
influxion. [R.]
In*fold" (?n-f?ld\'b6), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Infolded; p. pr. & vb.
n. Infolding.] [Pref. in- in + fold.]
[Written also enfold.] 1. To wrap up or
cover with folds; to envelop; to inwrap; to inclose; to
involve.
Gilded tombs do worms infold.
Shak.
Infold his limbs in bands.
Blackmore.
2. To clasp with the arms; to
embrace.
Noble Banquo, . . . let me infold thee,
And hold thee to my heart.
Shak.
In*fold"ment (?), n. The act of
infolding; the state of being infolded.
In*fo"li*ate (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in + L. folium leaf.] To cover or overspread with,
or as with, leaves. [R.] Howell.
In*form" (?), a. [L. informis;
pref. in- not + forma form, shape: cf. F.
informe] Without regular form; shapeless; ugly;
deformed. Cotton.
In*form", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Informed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Informing.] [OE. enformen, OF. enformer, F.
informer. L. informare; pref. in- in +
formare to form, share, fr. forma form. See
Form.] 1. To give form or share to; to
give vital or organizing power to; to give life to; to imbue and
actuate with vitality; to animate; to mold; to figure; to
fashion. "The informing Word." Coleridge.
Let others better mold the running mass
Of metals, and inform the breathing brass.
Dryden.
Breath informs this fleeting
frame.
Prior.
Breathes in our soul, informs our mortal
part.
Pope.
2. To communicate knowledge to; to make known
to; to acquaint; to advise; to instruct; to tell; to notify; to
enlighten; -- usually followed by of.
For he would learn their business secretly,
And then inform his master hastily.
Spenser.
I am informed thoroughly of the
cause.
Shak.
3. To communicate a knowledge of facts to, by
way of accusation; to warn against anybody.
Tertullus . . . informed the governor against
Paul.
Acts xxiv. 1.
Syn. -- To acquaint; apprise; tell; teach; instruct;
enlighten; animate; fashion.
In*form", v. t. 1.
To take form; to become visible or manifest; to appear.
[Obs.]
It is the bloody business which informs
Thus to mine eyes.
Shak.
2. To give intelligence or information; to
tell. Shak.
He might either teach in the same manner, or
inform how he had been taught.
Monthly
Rev.
To inform against, to communicate facts by
way of accusation against; to denounce; as, two persons came to the
magistrate, and informed against A.
In*form"al (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + formal.] 1. Not in the regular,
usual, or established form; not according to official, conventional,
prescribed, or customary forms or rules; irregular; hence, without
ceremony; as, an informal writing, proceeding, or
visit.
2. Deranged in mind; out of one's
senses. [Obs.]
These poor informal women.
Shak.
In`for*mal"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Informalities (&?;). 1. The
state of being informal; want of regular, prescribed, or customary
form; as, the informality of legal proceedings.
2. An informal, unconventional, or unofficial
act or proceeding; something which is not in proper or prescribed
form or does not conform to the established rule.
In*form"al*ly (?), adv. In an
informal manner.
In*form"ant (?), n. [L.
informans, -antis, p. pr. of informare. See
Inform, v. t.] 1. One
who, or that which, informs, animates, or vivifies. [Obs.]
Glanvill.
2. One who imparts information or
instruction.
3. One who offers an accusation; an informer.
See Informer. [Obs. or R.]
It was the last evidence of the kind; the
informant
was hanged.
Burke.
In`for*ma"tion (?), n. [F., fr. L.
informatio representation, conception. See Inform,
v. t.] 1. The act of
informing, or communicating knowledge or intelligence.
The active informations of the
intellect.
South.
2. News, advice, or knowledge, communicated
by others or obtained by personal study and investigation;
intelligence; knowledge derived from reading, observation, or
instruction.
Larger opportunities of
information.
Rogers.
He should get some information in the subject
he intends to handle.
Swift.
3. (Law) A proceeding in the nature of
a prosecution for some offense against the government, instituted and
prosecuted, really or nominally, by some authorized public officer on
behalf of the government. It differs from an indictment in criminal
cases chiefly in not being based on the finding of a grand jury. See
Indictment.
In*form"a*tive (?), a. Having
power to inform, animate, or vivify. Dr. H. More.
In*form"a*to*ry (?), a. Full of,
or conveying, information; instructive. [R.] London
Spectator.
In*formed" (?n-f?rmd\'b6), a.
Unformed or ill-formed; deformed; shapeless. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Informed stars. See under
Unformed.
In*form"er (?), n. [From Inform,
v.] 1. One who informs,
animates, or inspires. [Obs.] Thomson.
Nature, informer of the poet's
art.
Pope.
2. One who informs, or imparts knowledge or
news.
3. (Law) One who informs a magistrate
of violations of law; one who informs against another for violation
of some law or penal statute.
Common informer (Law), one who
habitually gives information of the violation of penal statutes, with
a view to a prosecution therefor. Bouvier. Wharton.
In*for"mi*da*ble (?), a. [L.
informidabilis. See In- not, and Formidable.]
Not formidable; not to be feared or dreaded. [Obs.] "Foe
not informidable." Milton.
In*form"i*ty (?), n. [L.
informitas. See Inform, a.] Want
of regular form; shapelessness. [Obs.]
In*form"ous (?), a. [See Inform,
a.] Of irregular form; shapeless. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
In*for"tu*nate (?), a. [L.
infortunatus.] Unlucky; unfortunate. [Obs.]
Shak.
"A most infortunate chance."
Howell.
-- In*for"tu*nate*ly, adv. [Obs.]
In*for"tune (?), n. [L.
infortunium. See In- not, and Fortune.]
Misfortune. [Obs.] Chaucer.
In*for"tuned (?), a.
Unfortunate. [Obs.]
I, woeful wretch and infortuned
wight.
Chaucer.
In*found" (?), v. t. [L.
infundere to pour in. See Infuse.] To pour in; to
infuse. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
||In*"fra (?), adv. [L. Cf.
Inferior.] Below; beneath; under; after; -- often used as
a prefix.
In`fra-ax"il*la*ry (?), a.
[Infra + axillary.] (Bot.) Situated below
the axil, as a bud.
In`fra*bran"chi*al (?), a.
[Infra + branchial.] (Zoöl.) Below the
gills; -- applied to the ventral portion of the pallial chamber in
the lamellibranchs.
In`fra*cla*vic"u*lar (?), a.
[Infra + clavicular.] (Anat.) Below the
clavicle; as, the infraclavicular fossa.
In*fract" (?n-fr&fist;kt\'b6), a. [L.
infractus; pref. in- not + fractus. p. p. of
frangere to break.] Not broken or fractured; unharmed;
whole. [Obs.] Chapman.
In*fract", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Infracted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Infracting.] [L. infractus, p. p. of of
infringere. See Infringe.] To break; to
infringe. [R.] Thomson.
In*fract"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
being broken.[R.]
In*frac"tion (?), n. [L.
infractio: cf. F. infraction.] The act of
infracting or breaking; breach; violation; nonobservance;
infringement; as, an infraction of a treaty, compact, rule, or
law. I. Watts.
In*fract"or (?), n. [Cf. F.
infracteur.] One who infracts or infringes; a violator; a
breaker.
In*fra"grant (?), a. Not
fragrant.
In`fra*hy"oid (?), a. [Infra +
hyoid.] (Anat.) Same as Hyosternal
(a).
In`fra*la"bi*al (?), a.
(Zoöl.) Below the lower lip; -- said of certain
scales of reptiles and fishes.
In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an (?), n.
[Infra + lapse: cf. F. infralapsaire. See
Lapse.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of that class of
Calvinists who consider the decree of election as contemplating the
apostasy as past and the elect as being at the time of election in a
fallen and guilty state; -- opposed to Supralapsarian. The
former considered the election of grace as a remedy for an existing
evil; the latter regarded the fall as a part of God's original
purpose in regard to men.
In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an, a. (Theol.)
Of or pertaining to the Infralapsarians, or to their
doctrine.
In`fra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism (?), n.
(Theor.) The doctrine, belief, or principles of the
Infralapsarians.
In`fra*mar"gin*al (?), a. [Infra
+ marginal.] Below the margin; submarginal; as, an
inframarginal convolution of the brain.
In`fra*max"il*la*ry (?), a.
[Infra + maxillary.] (Anat.) (a)
Under the lower jaw; submaxillary; as, the inframaxillary
nerve. (b) Of or pertaining to the lower
iaw.
In`fra*me"di*an (?), a. [Infra +
median.] (Zoölogical Geog.) Of or pertaining
to the interval or zone along the sea bottom, at the depth of between
fifty and one hundred fathoms. E. Forbes.
In`fra*mun"dane (?), a. [Infra
+ mundane.] Lying or situated beneath the
world.
In*fran"chise (?), v. t. See
Enfranchise.
In*fran`gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being infrangible; infrangibleness.
In*fran"gi*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + grangible: cf. F. infrangible.]
1. Not capable of being broken or separated into
parts; as, infrangible atoms.
[He] link'd their fetlocks with a golden band
Infrangible.
Pope.
2. Not to be infringed or violated.
In*fran"gi*ble*ness, n. The state
or quality of being infrangible; infrangibility.
In`fra*oc"u*lar (?), a. [Infra +
ocular.] (Zoöl.) Situated below the eyes, as
the antenna of certain insects.
In`fra*or"bit*al (?), a.
[Infra + orbital.] (Anat.) Below the orbit;
as, the infraorbital foramen; the infraorbital
nerve.
In`fra*pose" (?), v. t. [Infra
+ pose.] To place under or beneath. [R.]
In`fra*po*si"tion (?), n.
[Infra + position.] A situation or position
beneath. Kane.
In`fra*scap"u*lar (?), a. [Infra
+ scapular.] (Anat.) Beneath the scapula, or
shoulder blade; subscapular.
In`fra*spi"nal (?), a. [Infra +
spinal.] (Anat.) (a) Below the
vertebral column, subvertebral. (b) Below
the spine; infraspinate; infraspinous.
{ In`fra*spi"nate (?), In`fra*spi*nous (?), }
a. [Infra + spinate, spinous.]
(Anat.) Below the spine; infraspinal; esp., below the
spine of the scapula; as, the infraspinous fossa; the
infraspinate muscle.
In`fra*sta*pe"di*al (?), a.
[Infra + stapedial.] (Anat.) Of or
pertaining to a part of the columella of the ear, which in many
animals projects below the connection with the stapes. --
n. The infrastapedial part of the
columella.
In`fra*ster"nal (?), a. [Infra +
sternal.] (Anat.) Below the sternum; as, the
infrasternal depression, or pit of the stomach.
In`fra*tem"po*ral (?), a.
[Infra + temporal.] (Anat.) Below the
temple; below the temporal bone.
In`fra*ter"ri*to"ri*al (?), a.
[Infra + territorial.] Within the territory of a
state. Story.
In`fra*troch"le*ar (?), a.
[Infra + trochlear.] (Anat.) Below a
trochlea, or pulley; -- applied esp. to one of the subdivisions of
the trigeminal nerve.
{ In*fre"quence (?), In*fre"quen*cy (?), }
n. [L. infrequentia scantiness : cf. F.
infrequence.] 1. The state of rarely
occuring; uncommonness; rareness; as, the infrequence of his
visits.
2. The state of not being frequented;
solitude; isolation; retirement; seclusion. [R.]
The solitude and infrequency of the
place.
Bp. Hall.
In*fre"quent (?), a. [L.
infrequens : cf. F. infrequent. See In- not, and
Frequent.] Seldom happening or occurring; rare; uncommon;
unusual.
The act whereof is at this day infrequent or
out of use
among all sorts of men.
Sir T. Elyot.
In*fre"quent*ly (?), adv. Not
frequently; rarely.
In*frig"i*date (?), v. t. [L.
infrigidatus, p. p. of infrigidare to chill. See 1st
In-, and Frigid.] To chill; to make cold; to
cool. [Obs.] Boyle.
In*frig`i*da"tion (?), n. [L.
infrigidatio.] The act of chilling or causing to become
cold; a chilling; coldness; congelation. [Obs.]
Boyle.
In*fringe" (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Infringed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Infringing (?).] [L. infringere; pref.
in- in + frangere to break. See Fraction, and
cf. Infract .] 1. To break; to violate;
to transgress; to neglect to fulfill or obey; as, to infringe
a law or contract.
If the first that did the edict infringe,
Had answered for his deed.
Shak.
The peace . . . was infringed by Appius
Claudius.
Golding.
2. To hinder; to destroy; as, to
infringe efficacy; to infringe delight or power.
[Obs.] Hooker.
In*fringe", v. i. 1.
To break, violate, or transgress some contract, rule, or law; to
injure; to offend.
2. To encroach; to trespass; -- followed by
on or upon; as, to infringe upon the rights of
another.
In*fringe"ment (?), n.
1. The act of infringing; breach; violation;
nonfulfillment; as, the infringement of a treaty, compact,
law, or constitution.
The punishing of this infringement is proper to
that
jurisdiction against which the contempt is.
Clarendon.
2. An encroachment on a patent, copyright, or
other special privilege; a trespass.
In*frin"ger (?), n. One who
infringes or violates; a violator. Strype.
In*fruc"tu*ose" (?), a. [L.
infructuosus. See In- not, and Fruit.] Not
producing fruit; unfruitful; unprofitable. [R.] T.
Adams.
In*fru"gal (?), a. Not frugal;
wasteful; as, an infrugal expense of time. J.
Goodman.
In`fru*gif"er*ous (?), a. Not
bearing fruit; not fructiferous.
In`fu*cate (?), v. t. [L.
infucatus painted; pref. in- in + fucare to
paint, dye. See Fucate.] To stain; to paint; to
daub.
In`fu*ca"tion (?), n. The act of
painting or staining, especially of painting the face.
||In"fu*la (?), n.; pl.
Infule (#). [L.] A sort of fillet worn by
dignitaries, priests, and others among the ancient Romans. It was
generally white.
In"fu*mate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Infumated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Infumating.] [L. infumatus, p. p. of
infumare to infumate; pref. in- in + fumare to
smoke, fr. fumus smoke.] To dry by exposing to smoke; to
expose to smoke.
In"fu*ma`ted (?), a.
(Zoöl.) Clouded; having a cloudy
appearance.
In`fu*ma"tion (?), n. Act of
drying in smoke.
In*fumed" (?), a. Dried in smoke;
smoked.
{ In`fun*dib"u*lar (?), In`fun*dib"u*late (?), }
a. [See Infundibulum.] Having the form
of a funnel; pertaining to an infundibulum.
Infundibulate Bryozoa (Zoöl.), a
group of marine Bryozoa having a circular arrangement of the
tentacles upon the disk.
In`fun*dib"u*li*form (?), a. [L.
infundibulum funnel + -form: cf. F.
infundibuliforme.] 1. Having the form of
a funnel or cone; funnel-shaped.
2. (Bot.) Same as
Funnelform.
||In`fun*dib"u*lum (?), n.; pl.
L. Infundibula (#), E.
Infundibulums (#). [L., a funnel, from
infundere to pour in or into. See Infuse.]
1. (Anat.) A funnel-shaped or dilated
organ or part; as, the infundibulum of the brain, a hollow,
conical process, connecting the floor of the third ventricle with the
pituitary body; the infundibula of the lungs, the enlarged
terminations of the bronchial tubes.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) A
central cavity in the Ctenophora, into which the gastric sac
leads. (b) The siphon of Cephalopoda. See
Cephalopoda.
In*fu"ner*al (?), v. t. To inter
with funeral rites; to bury. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
In`fur*ca"tion (?), n. [Pref. in-
in + L. furca fork.] A forked expansion or
divergence; a bifurcation; a branching. Craig.
In*fu"ri*ate (?), a. [It.
infuriato, p. p. of infuriare. See Infuriate,
v. t.] Enraged; raging; furiously angry;
infuriated. Milton.
Inflamed beyond the most infuriate
wrath.
Thomson.
In*fu"ri*ate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Infuriated (&?;); p. pr. & vb.
n. Infuriating] [It. infuriato, p. p. of
infuriare; pref. in- (L. in) + furia
fury, L. furia. See Fury.] To render furious; to
enrage; to exasperate.
Those curls of entangled snakes with which Erinys is
said to have infuriated Athemas and Ino.
Dr.
H. More.
In*fu"ri*a`ted (?), a. Enraged;
furious.
In*fus"cate (?), v. t. [L.
infuscatus, p. p. of infuscare; pref. in- in +
fuscare to make dark, fr. fuscus dark.] To darken;
to make black; to obscure.
In*fus"ca*ted (?), a.
(Zoöl.) Darkened with a blackish tinge.
In`fus*ca"tion (?), n. The act of
darkening, or state of being dark; darkness; obscurity.
Johnson.
In*fuse" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Infused (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Infusing.] [L. infusus, p. p. of infundere to
pour in or into; pref. in- in + fundere to pour: cf. F.
infuser. See Found to cast.] 1. To
pour in, as a liquid; to pour (into or upon); to shed.
That strong Circean liquor cease to
infuse.
Denham.
2. To instill, as principles or qualities; to
introduce.
That souls of animals infuse themselves Into
the trunks of men.
Shak.
Why should he desire to have qualities infused
into his son which himself never possessed?
Swift.
3. To inspire; to inspirit or animate; to
fill; -- followed by with.
Infuse his breast with
magnanimity.
Shak.
Infusing him with self and vain
conceit.
Shak.
4. To steep in water or other fluid without
boiling, for the propose of extracting medicinal qualities; to
soak.
One scruple of dried leaves is infused in ten
ounces of warm water.
Coxe.
5. To make an infusion with, as an
ingredient; to tincture; to saturate. [R.] Bacon.
In*fuse, n. Infusion. [Obs.]
Spenser.
In*fus"er (?), n. One who, or that
which, infuses.
In*fu`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. [From
Infuse.] Capability of being infused, poured in, or
instilled.
In*fu`si*bil"i*ty, n. [Pref. in-
not + fusibility: cf. F. infusibilité.]
Incapability or difficulty of being fused, melted, or dissolved;
as, the infusibility of carbon.
In*fu"si*ble (?), a. [From
Infuse, v.] Capable of being
infused.
Doctrines being infusible into
all.
Hammond.
In*fu"si*ble, a. [Pref. in- not
+ fusible: cf. F. infusible.] Not fusible;
incapable or difficult of fusion, or of being dissolved or
melted. Sir T. Browne.
The best crucibles are made of Limoges earth, which
seems absolutely infusible.
Lavoisier (Trans.
).
In*fu"si*ble*ness, n.
Infusibility.
In*fu"sion (?), n. [L. infusio a
pouring in: cf. F. infusion. See Infuse, v.
t.] 1. The act of infusing, pouring
in, or instilling; instillation; as, the infusion of good
principles into the mind; the infusion of ardor or
zeal.
Our language has received innumerable elegancies and
improvements from that infusion of Hebraisms.
Addison.
2. That which is infused; suggestion;
inspiration.
His folly and his wisdom are of his own growth, not
the echo or infusion of other men.
Swift.
3. The act of plunging or dipping into a
fluid; immersion. [Obs.] "Baptism by infusion."
Jortin.
4. (Pharmacy) (a) The
act or process of steeping or soaking any substance in water in order
to extract its virtues. (b) The liquid
extract obtained by this process.
Sips meek infusion of a milder
herb.
Cowper.
In*fu"sion*ism (?), n. The
doctrine that the soul is preexistent to the body, and is infused
into it at conception or birth; -- opposed to traducianism and
creationism.
In*fu"sive (?), a. Having the
power of infusion; inspiring; influencing.
The infusive force of Spirit on
man.
Thomson.
||In`fu*so"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL.; -- so
called because found in infusions which are left exposed to the air
for a time. See Infuse.] (Zoöl.) One of the
classes of Protozoa, including a large number of species, all of
minute size.
&fist; They are found in all seas, lakes, ponds, and streams, as
well as in infusions of organic matter exposed to the air. They are
distinguished by having vibrating lashes or cilia, with which they
obtain their food and swim about. They are devided into the orders
Flagellata, Ciliata, and Tentaculifera. See these words in the
Vocabulary.
Formely the term Infusoria was applied to all
microscopic organisms found in water, including many minute plants,
belonging to the diatoms, as well as minute animals belonging to
various classes, as the Rotifera, which are worms; and the Rhizopoda,
which constitute a distinct class of Protozoa. Fossil Infusoria are
mostly the siliceous shells of diatoms; sometimes they are siliceous
skeletons of Radiolaria, or the calcareous shells of
Foraminifera.
In`fu*so"ri*al (?), a.
(Zoöl.) Belonging to the Infusoria; composed of, or
containing, Infusoria; as, infusorial earth.
Infusorial earth (Geol.), a deposit
of fine, usually white, siliceous material, composed mainly of the
shells of the microscopic plants called diatoms. It is used in
polishing powder, and in the manufacture of dynamite.
In`fu*so"ri*an (?), n.
(Zoöl.) One of the Infusoria.
In*fu"so*ry (?), a. (Zoöl.)
Infusorial.
In*fu"so*ry (?), n.; pl.
Infusories (&?;). (Zoöl.) One of
the Infusoria; -- usually in the pl.
-ing (?). 1. [For OE. -and, -
end, -ind, AS. -ende; akin to Goth. -and-,
L. -ant-, -ent-, Gr. &?;.] A suffix used to from
present participles; as, singing, playing.
2. [OE. -ing, AS. -ing, -
ung.] A suffix used to form nouns from verbs, and signifying
the act of; the result of the act; as, riding, dying,
feeling. It has also a secondary collective force; as,
shipping, clothing.
&fist; The Old English ending of the present participle and verbal
noun became confused, both becoming -ing.
3. [AS. -ing.] A suffix formerly used
to form diminutives; as, lording, farthing.
Ing (?), n. [AS. ing.] A
pasture or meadow; generally one lying low, near a river. [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]
In`gan*na"tion (?), n. [LL.
ingannare to decieve.] Cheat; deception. [Obs.]
Sir T. Brown.
In"gate` (&?;), n. 1.
Entrance; ingress. [Obs.]
Which hath in charge the ingate of the
year.
Spenser.
2. (Founding) The aperture in a mold
for pouring in the metal; the gate. Simmonds.
In"gath`er*ing (?), n. The act or
business of gathering or collecting anything; especially, the
gathering of the fruits of the earth; harvest.
Thou shalt keep . . . the feast of
ingathering.
Ex. xxii. 16.
In*gel"a*ble (?), a. Not
congealable.
In*gem"i*nate (?), a. [L.
ingeminatus, p. p.] Redoubled; repeated. Jer.
Taylor.
In*gem"i*nate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Ingeminated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Ingeminating (?).] [L. ingeminatus, p. p.
of ingeminare to double; pref. in- in +
geminare. See Geminate.] To redouble or repeat; to
reiterate. Clarendon.
. . . She yet ingeminates
The last of sounds, and what she hears relates.
Sandys.
In*gem`i*na"tion (?), n.
Repetition; reduplication; reiteration. De
Quincey.
That Sacred ingemination, Amen,
Amen.
Featley.
Happiness with an echo or
ingemination.
Holdsworth.
||In*ge"na (?), n. (Zoöl.)
The gorilla.
In*gen"der (?), v. t. See
Engender.
In*gen`er*a*bil"l*ty (?), n.
Incapacity of being engendered or produced.
Cudworth.
In*gen"er*a*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + generable: cf. F. ingenerable.]
Incapable of being engendered or produced; original.
Holland.
In*gen"er*a*bly, adv. In an
ingenerable manner.
In*gen"er*ate (?), a. [L.
ingeneratus, p. p. of ingenerare. See engender]
Generated within; inborn; innate; as, ingenerate powers
of body. W. Wotton.
Those virtues were rather feigned and affected . . .
than true qualities ingenerate in his judgment.
Bacon.
In*gen"er*ate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Ingenerat (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Ingenerating (?).] To generate or produce
within; to beget; to engender; to occasion; to cause.
Mede.
Those noble habits are ingenerated in the
soul.
Sir M. Hale.
In*gen`er*a"tion (?), n. Act of
ingenerating.
In*ge"ni*ate (?), v. t. & i. [See
Ingenious.] To invent; to contrive. [Obs.]
Daniel.
In"ge*nie (?), n. [Obs.] See
Ingeny.
In*ge`ni*os"i*ty (?), n. [LL.
ingeniositas.] Ingenuity; skill; cunning. [Obs.]
Cudworth.
In*gen"ious (?), a. [L.
ingeniosus, fr. ingenium innate or natural quality,
natural capacity, genius: cf. F. ingénieux. See
Engine.] 1. Possessed of genius, or the
faculty of invention; skillful or promp to invent; having an aptitude
to contrive, or to form new combinations; as, an ingenious
author, mechanic.
A man . . . very wise and ingenious in feats of
war.
Hakluyt.
Thou, king, send out
For torturers ingenious.
Shak.
The more ingenious men are, the more apt are
they to trouble themselves.
Sir W. Temple.
2. Proceeding from, pertaining to, or
characterized by, genius or ingenuity; of curious design, structure,
or mechanism; as, an ingenious model, or machine; an
ingenious scheme, contrivance, etc.
Thus men go wrong with an ingenious
skill.
Cowper.
3. Witty; shrewd; adroit; keen; sagacious;
as, an ingenious reply.
4. Mental; intellectual. [Obs.]
A course of learning and ingenious
studies.
Shak.
In*gen"ious*ly (?), adv. In an
ingenious manner; with ingenuity; skillfully; wittily;
cleverly.
"Too ingeniously politic."
Sir
W. Temple.
In*gen"ious*ness, n. The quality
or state of being ingenious; ingenuity.
{ In*gen"ite, In*gen"it } (?),
a. [L. ingenitus, p. p. of ingignere
to instill by birth or nature; pref. in- + gignere to
beget.] Innate; inborn; inbred; inherent; native;
ingenerate. [Obs.]
It is natural or ingenite, which comes by some
defect of the organs and overmuch brain.
Burton.
In`ge*nu"i*ty (?), n. [L.
ingenuitas ingenuousness: cf. F.
ingénuité. See Ingenuous.]
1. The quality or power of ready invention;
quickness or acuteness in forming new combinations; ingeniousness;
skill in devising or combining.
All the means which human ingenuity has
contrived.
Blair.
2. Curiousness, or cleverness in design or
contrivance; as, the ingenuity of a plan, or of
mechanism.
He gives . . .
To artist ingenuity and skill.
Cowper.
3. Openness of heart; ingenuousness.
[Obs.]
The stings and remorses of natural ingenuity, a
principle that men scarcely ever shake off, as long as they carry
anything of human nature about them.
South.
Syn. -- Inventiveness; ingeniousness; skill; cunning;
cleverness; genius. -- Ingenuity, Cleverness.
Ingenuity is a form of genius, and cleverness of
talent. The former implies invention, the letter a peculiar dexterity
and readiness of execution. Sir James Mackintosh remarks that the
English overdo in the use of the word clever and
cleverness, applying them loosely to almost every form of
intellectual ability.
In*gen"u*ous (?), a. [L.
ingenuus inborn, innate, freeborn, noble, frank; pref. in-
in + the root of gignere to beget. See Genius, and
cf. Ingenious.] 1. Of honorable
extraction; freeborn; noble; as, ingenuous blood of
birth.
2. Noble; generous; magnanimous; honorable;
upright; high-minded; as, an ingenuous ardor or
zeal.
If an ingenuous detestation of falsehood be but
carefully and early instilled, that is the true and genuine method to
obviate dishonesty.
Locke.
3. Free from reserve, disguise, equivocation,
or dissimulation; open; frank; as, an ingenuous man; an
ingenuous declaration, confession, etc.
Sensible in myself . . . what a burden it is for me,
who would be ingenuous, to be loaded with courtesies which he
hath not the least hope to requite or deserve.
Fuller.
4. Ingenious. [Obs.] Shak.
&fist; (Formerly) printers did not discriminate between . . .
ingenuous and ingenious, and these words were used or
rather printed interchangeably almost to the beginning of the
eighteenth century. G. P. Marsh.
Syn. -- Open; frank; unreserved; artless; plain; sincere;
candid; fair; noble; generous. -- Ingenuous, Open,
Frank. One who is open speaks out at once what is
uppermost in his mind; one who is frank does it from a natural
boldness, or dislike of self-restraint; one who is ingenuous
is actuated by a native simplicity and artlessness, which make him
willing to confess faults, and make known his sentiments without
reserve. See Candid.
In*gen"u*ous*ly, adv. In an
ingenuous manner; openly; fairly; candidly; artlessly.
Being required to explain himself, he
ingenuously confessed.
Ludlow.
In*gen"u*ous*ness, n.
1. The state or quality of being ingenuous;
openness of heart; frankness.
2. Ingenuity. [Obs.]
Fuller.
In"ge*ny (?), n. [L. ingenium.
See Ingenious.] Natural gift or talent; ability; wit;
ingenuity. [Obs.] [Written also ingenie.]
Becon.
In*ger"mi*nate (?), v. t. To cause
to germinate.
In*gest" (?), v. t. [L.
ingenium, p. p. of ingerere to put in; pref. in-
in + gerere to bear.] To take into, or as into, the
stomach or alimentary canal. Sir T. Browne.
||In*ges"ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See
Ingest.] (Physiol.) That which is introduced into
the body by the stomach or alimentary canal; -- opposed to
egesta.
In*ges"tion (?), n. [L.
ingestio: cf. F. ingestion.] (Physiol.) The
act of taking or putting into the stomach; as, the ingestion
of milk or other food.
||In*ghal"la (?), n.
(Zoöl.) The reedbuck of South Africa. [Written
also ingali.]
In*girt" (?), v. t. [See
Ingirt.] To encircle; to gird; to engirt.
The wreath is ivy that ingirts our
beams.
Drayton.
In*girt", a. Surrounded;
encircled. Fenton.
In"gle (&ibreve;&nsm;"g'l), n. [Gael. &
Ir. aingeali fire; cf. L. igniculusi spark, dim. of
ignis fire. Cf. Ignite.] Flame; blaze; a fire; a
fireplace. [Obs. or Scot.] Burns.
Ingle nook, the chimney corner. --
Ingle side, Ingle cheek, the
fireside.
In"gle, n. [Written also engle,
enghle: cf. Gael. & Ir. aingeal an angel. Cf.
Engle.] A paramour; a favourite; a sweetheart; an
engle. [Obs.] Toone.
In"gle (?), v. t. To cajole or
coax; to wheedle. See Engle. [Obs.]
In*glo"bate (?), a. In the form of
a globe or sphere; -- applied to nebulous matter collected into a
sphere by the force of gravitation.
In*globe" (?), v. t. To infix, as
in a globe; to fix or secure firmly. [Obs.] Milton.
In*glo"ri*ous (?), a. [L.
inglorious; pref. in- not + gloria glory, fame:
cf. F. inglorieux. See Glory.]
1. Not glorious; not bringing honor or glory;
not accompanied with fame, honor, or celebrity; obscure; humble; as,
an inglorious life of ease. Shak.
My next desire is, void of care and strife,
To lead a soft, secure, inglorious life.
Dryden.
Some mute inglorious Milton here may
rest.
Gray.
2. Shameful; disgraceful; ignominious; as,
inglorious flight, defeat, etc.
Inglorious shelter in an alien
land.
J. Philips.
In*glo"ri*ous*ly, adv. In an
inglorious manner; dishonorably; with shame; ignominiously;
obscurely.
In*glo"ri*ous*ness, n. The state
of being inglorious.
In*glut" (?), v. t. To glut.
[R.] Ascham.
In*glu"vi*al (?), a.
(Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the ingluvies or crop of
birds.
||In*glu"vi*es (?), n. [L.]
(Anat.) The crop, or craw, of birds.
In*glu"vi*ous (?), a.
Gluttonous. [Obs.] Blount.
In"-go`ing (?), n. The act of
going in; entrance.
In"-go`ing, a. Going; entering, as
upon an office or a possession; as, an in-going
tenant.
In*gorge" (?), v. t. & i. See
Engorge. Milton.
In"got (?), n. [Prob. from AS.
in in + geótan to pour: cf. F. linglot,
LL. lingotus a mass of gold or silver, extended in the manner
of a tongue, and G. einguss, LG. & OE. ingot ingot, a
mold for casting metals in. See Found to cast, and cf.
Linget, Lingot, Nugget.]
1. That in which metal is cast; a mold.
[Obs.]
And from the fire he took up his matter
And in the ingot put it with merry cheer.
Chaucer.
2. A bar or wedge of steel, gold, or other
malleable metal, cast in a mold; a mass of unwrought cast
metal.
Wrought ingots from Besoara's
mine.
Sir W. Jones.
Ingot mold, a box or mold in which ingots
are cast. -- Ingot iron. See
Decarbonized steel, under Decarbonize.
In*grace" (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in + grace.] To ingratiate. [Obs.] G.
Fletcher.
In*gra"cious (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + gracious.] Ungracious; unkind. [Obs.]
Holland.
In*graff" (?), v. t. See
Ingraft. [Obs.]
In*graft" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ingrafted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Ingrafting.] [Written also engraft.]
1. To insert, as a scion of one tree, shrub,
or plant in another for propagation; as, to ingraft a peach
scion on a plum tree; figuratively, to insert or introduce in such a
way as to make a part of something.
This fellow would ingraft a foreign name
Upon our stock.
Dryden.
A custom . . . ingrafted into the monarchy of
Rome.
Burke.
2. To subject to the process of grafting; to
furnish with grafts or scions; to graft; as, to ingraft a
tree.
In*graft"er (?), n. A person who
ingrafts.
In*graft"ment (?), n.
1. The act of ingrafting.
2. The thing ingrafted; a scion.
In"grain` (?; 277), a. [Pref. in-
in + grain kermes. See Engrain, Grain.]
1. Dyed with grain, or kermes.
[Obs.]
2. Dyed before manufacture, -- said of the
material of a textile fabric; hence, in general, thoroughly
inwrought; forming an essential part of the substance.
Ingrain carpet, a double or two-ply
carpet. -- Triple ingrain carpet, a three-
ply carpet.
In"grain`, n. An ingrain fabric,
as a carpet.
In"grain` (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ingrained (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ingraining.] [Written also engrain.]
1. To dye with or in grain or
kermes.
2. To dye in the grain, or before
manufacture.
3. To work into the natural texture or into
the mental or moral constitution of; to stain; to saturate; to imbue;
to infix deeply.
Our fields ingrained with blood.
Daniel.
Cruelty and jealousy seem to be ingrained in a
man who has these vices at all.
Helps.
In*grap"ple (?), v. t. & i. To
seize; to clutch; to grapple. [Obs.] Drayton.
In"grate` (?; 277), a. [L.
ingratus. See Ingrateful.] Ingrateful. [Obs.
or Poetic] Bacon.
In"grate`, n. An ungrateful
person. Milton.
In"grate`ful (?), a. [L.
ingratus ingrateful (pref. in- not + gratus
beloved, dear, grateful) + -ful: cf. F. ingrat. See
Grateful.]
1. Ungrateful; thankless;
unappreciative. Milton.
He proved extremely false and ingrateful to
me.
Atterbury.
2. Unpleasing to the sense; distasteful;
offensive.
He gives . . . no ingrateful food.
Milton.
-- In"grate`ful*ly, adv. --
In"grate`ful*ness, n.
In"grate`ly (?), adv.
Ungratefully. [Obs.]
In*gra"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Ingratiated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Ingratiating (?).] [Pref. in- in + L.
gratia. See Grace.]
1. To introduce or commend to the favor of
another; to bring into favor; to insinuate; -- used reflexively, and
followed by with before the person whose favor is
sought.
Lysimachus . . . ingratiated himself both with
Philip and his pupil.
Budgell.
2. To recommend; to render easy or agreeable;
-- followed by to. [Obs.] Dr. J. Scott.
What difficulty would it [the love of Christ] not
ingratiate to us?
Hammond.
In*gra"ti*ate, v. i. To gain
favor. [R.] Sir W. Temple.
In*grat"i*tude (?), n. [F.
ingratitude, L. ingratitudo. See Ingrate.]
Want of gratitude; insensibility to, forgetfulness of, or ill
return for, kindness or favors received; unthankfulness;
ungratefulness.
Ingratitude, thou marble-hearted
fiend.
Shak.
Ingratitude is abhorred both by God and
man.
L'Estrange.
In*grave" (?), v. t. To
engrave. [R.] "Whose gleaming rind ingrav'n."
Tennyson.
In*grave", v. t. [Pref. in- in +
grave. Cf. Engrave.] To bury. [Obs.]
Heywood.
In*grav"i*date (?), v. t. [L.
ingravidatus, p. p. of ingravidare to impregnate. See
1st In-, and Gravidated.] To impregnate.
[Obs.] Fuller.
In*grav`i*da"tion (?), n. The
state of being pregnant or impregnated. [Obs.]
In*great" (?), v. t. To make
great; to enlarge; to magnify. [Obs.] Fotherby.
{ In*gre"di*ence (?), In*gre"di*en*cy (?), }
n. [See Ingredient.]
1. Entrance; ingress. [Obs.] Sir M.
Hale.
2. The quality or state of being an
ingredient or component part. Boyle.
In*gre"di*ent (?), n. [F.
ingrédient, L. ingrediens, -entis,
entering into, p. pr. of ingredi, p. p. ingressus, to
go into, to enter; pref. in- in + gradi to walk, go.
See Grade.] That which enters into a compound, or is a
component part of any combination or mixture; an element; a
constituent.
By way of analysis we may proceed from compounds to
ingredients.
Sir I. Newton.
Water is the chief ingredient in all the animal
fluids and solids.
Arbuthnot.
In*gre"di*ent, a. Entering as, or
forming, an ingredient or component part.
Acts where no sin is ingredient.
Jer. Taylor.
In"gress (?), n. [L. ingressus,
fr. ingredi. See Ingredient.]
1. The act of entering; entrance; as, the
ingress of air into the lungs.
2. Power or liberty of entrance or access;
means of entering; as, all ingress was prohibited.
3. (Astron.) The entrance of the moon
into the shadow of the earth in eclipses, the sun's entrance into a
sign, etc.
In"gress (?), v. i. To go in; to
enter. [R.]
In*gres"sion (?), n. [L.
ingressio: cf. F. ingression.] Act of entering;
entrance. Sir K. Digby.
In*grieve (?), v. t. To render
more grievous; to aggravate. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
In*groove" (?), v. t. To groove
in; to join in or with a groove. Tennyson.
In*gross" (?), v. t. See
Engross.
In"grow`ing (?), a. Growing or
appearing to grow into some other substance.
Ingrowing nail, one whose edges are becoming
imbedded in the adjacent flesh.
In"growth` (?), n. A growth or
development inward. J. LeConte.
||In"guen (?), n. [L. inguen,
inguinis.] (Anat.) The groin.
In*guilt"y (?), a. Not
guilty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
In"gui*nal (?), a. [L.
inguinalis, fr. inguen, inguinis, the groin: cf.
F. inguinal.] (Astron. & Med.) Of or pertaining
to, or in the region of, the inguen or groin; as, an inguinal
canal or ligament; inguinal hernia.
Inguinal ring. See Abdominal ring,
under Abdominal.
In*gulf" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ingulfed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ingulfing.] [Cf. Engulf.] [Written also engulf.]
To swallow up or overwhelm in, or as in, a gulf; to cast into a
gulf. See Engulf.
A river large . . .
Passed underneath ingulfed.
Milton.
In*gulf"ment (?), n. The act of
ingulfing, or the state of being ingulfed.
In*gur"gi*tate (?), v. t. [L.
ingurgitatus, p. p. of ingurgitare to pour in; pref.
in- in + gurges whirlpool, gulf.]
1. To swallow, devour, or drink greedily or
in large quantity; to guzzle. Cleveland.
2. To swallow up, as in a gulf.
Fotherby.
In*gur"gi*tate, v. i. To guzzle;
to swill. Burton.
In*gur`gi*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
ingurgitatio: cf. F. ingurgitation.] The act of
swallowing greedily or immoderately; that which is so
swallowed. E. Darwin.
He drowned his stomach and senses with a large draught
and ingurgitation of wine.
Bacon.
In*gust"a*ble (?), a. [L.
ingustabilis. See Gustable.] Tasteless;
insipid. Sir T. Browne.
In*hab"ile (?), a. [L.
inhabilis: cf. F. inhabile. See In- not, and
Habile, and cf. Unable.]
1. Not apt or fit; unfit; not convenient;
inappropriate; unsuitable; as, inhabile matter.
[Obs.]
2. Unskilled; unready; awkward; incompetent;
unqualified; -- said of persons. [Obs.] See Unable.
In`ha*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
inhabileté, inhabilité. See
Inability.] Unsuitableness; unaptness; unfitness;
inability. [Obs.] Barrow.
In*hab"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inhabited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inhabiting.] [OE. enhabiten, OF. enhabiter, L.
inhabitare; pref. in- in + habitare to dwell.
See Habit.] To live or dwell in; to occupy, as a place of
settled residence; as, wild beasts inhabit the forest; men
inhabit cities and houses.
The high and lofty One, that inhabiteth
eternity.
Is. lvii. 15.
O, who would inhabit
This bleak world alone?
Moore.
In*hab"it, v. i. To have residence
in a place; to dwell; to live; to abide. [Archaic or Poetic]
Shak.
They say wild beasts inhabit here.
Waller.
In*hab"it*a*ble (?), a. [L.
inhabitabilis. See Inhabit.] Capable of being
inhabited; habitable.
Systems of inhabitable planets.
Locke.
In*hab"it*a*ble, a. [L.
inhabitabilis: cf. F. inhabitable. See In- not,
and Habitable.] Not habitable; not suitable to be
inhabited. [Obs.]
The frozen ridges of the Alps
Or other ground inhabitable.
Shak.
{ In*hab"it*ance (?), In*hab"it*an*cy (?), }
n. 1. The act of inhabiting,
or the state of being inhabited; the condition of an inhabitant;
residence; occupancy.
Ruins yet resting in the wild moors testify a former
inhabitance.
Carew.
2. (Law) The state of having legal
right to claim the privileges of a recognized inhabitant; especially,
the right to support in case of poverty, acquired by residence in a
town; habitancy.
In*hab"it*ant (?), n. [L.
inhabitans, -antis, p. pr. of inhabitare.]
1. One who dwells or resides permanently in a
place, as distinguished from a transient lodger or visitor; as, an
inhabitant of a house, a town, a city, county, or state.
"Frail inhabitants of earth." Cowper.
In this place, they report that they saw
inhabitants which were very fair and fat people.
Abp. Abbot.
2. (Law) One who has a legal
settlement in a town, city, or parish; a permanent
resident.
In*hab"i*tate (?), v. t. To
inhabit. [Obs.]
In*hab`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
inhabitatio a dwelling.]
1. The act of inhabiting, or the state of
being inhabited; indwelling.
The inhabitation of the Holy
Ghost.
Bp. Pearson.
2. Abode; place of dwelling; residence.
[Obs.] Milton.
3. Population; inhabitants. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
The beginning of nations and of the world's
inhabitation.
Sir W. Raleigh.
In*hab"it*a*tive*ness (?), n.
(Phrenol.) A tendency or propensity to permanent
residence in a place or abode; love of home and country.
In*hab"it*ed, a.
Uninhabited. [Obs.] Brathwait.
In*hab"it*er (?), n. An
inhabitant. [R.] Derham.
In*hab"it*ive*ness (?), n.
(Phrenol.) See Inhabitativeness.
What the phrenologists call
inhabitiveness.
Lowell.
In*hab"it*ress, n. A female
inhabitant. [R.]
In*hal"ant (?), a. [Cf. F.
inhalant.] Inhaling; used for inhaling.
In*hal"ant (?), n. An apparatus
also called an inhaler (which see); that which is to be
inhaled.
In`ha*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
inhalation.] The act of inhaling; also, that which is
inhaled.
In*hale" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inhaled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inhaling.] [L. inhalare to breathe upon; pref. in-
in + halare to breathe: cf. F. inhaler. Cf.
Exhale.] To breathe or draw into the lungs; to inspire;
as, to inhale air; -- opposed to exhale.
Martin was walking forth to inhale the fresh
breeze of the evening.
Arbuthnot.
In*hal"ent (?), a. Used for
inhaling; as, the inhalent end of a duct.
Dana.
In*hal"er (?), n. 1.
One who inhales.
2. An apparatus for inhaling any vapor or
volatile substance, as ether or chloroform, for medicinal
purposes.
3. A contrivance to filter, as air, in order
to protect the lungs from inhaling damp or cold air, noxious gases,
dust, etc.; also, the respiratory apparatus for divers.
In*hance" (?), v. t. See
Enhance.
{ In`har*mon"ic (?), In`har*mon"ic*al (?), }
a. Not harmonic; inharmonious; discordant;
dissonant.
In`har*mo"ni*ous (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + harmonious: cf. F. inharmonieux.]
1. Not harmonious; unmusical; discordant;
dissonant.
Sounds inharmonious in themselves and
harsh.
Cowper.
2. Conflicting; jarring; not in
harmony.
In`har*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv. Without
harmony.
In`har*mo"ni*ous*ness, n. The
quality of being inharmonious; want of harmony; discord.
The inharmoniousness of a verse.
A. Tucker.
In*har"mo*ny (?), n. Want of
harmony.
{ In"haul` (?), In"haul`er (?) },
n. (Naut.) A rope used to draw in the
jib boom, or flying jib boom.
In*hearse" (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Inhearsed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Inhearsing.] To put in, or as in, a hearse
or coffin. Shak.
In*here" (?), v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Inhered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inhering.] [L. inhaerere; pref. in- in +
haerere to stick, hang. See Hesitate.] To be
inherent; to stick (in); to be fixed or permanently
incorporated with something; to cleave (to); to belong, as
attributes or qualities.
They do but inhere in the subject that supports
them.
Digby.
{ In*her"ence (?), In*her"en*cy (?), }
n. [Cf. F. inhérence.] The state
of inhering; permanent existence in something; innateness;
inseparable and essential connection. Jer. Taylor.
In*her"ent (?), a. [L.
inhaerens, -entis, p. pr. of inhaerere: cf. F.
inhérent. See Inhere.] Permanently existing
in something; inseparably attached or connected; naturally pertaining
to; innate; inalienable; as, polarity is an inherent quality
of the magnet; the inherent right of men to life, liberty, and
protection. "A most inherent baseness."
Shak.
The sore disease which seems inherent in
civilization.
Southey.
Syn. -- Innate; inborn; native; natural; inbred; inwrought;
inseparable; essential; indispensable.
In*her"ent*ly, adv. By inherence;
inseparably.
Matter hath inherently and essentially such an
internal energy.
Bentley.
In*her"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inherited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inheriting.] [OE. enheriten to inherit, to give a
heritage to, OF. enheriter to appoint as an heir, L.
inhereditare; pref. in- in + hereditare to
inherit, fr. heres heir. See Heir.]
1. (Law) To take by descent from an
ancestor; to take by inheritance; to take as heir on the death of an
ancestor or other person to whose estate one succeeds; to receive as
a right or title descendible by law from an ancestor at his decease;
as, the heir inherits the land or real estate of his father;
the eldest son of a nobleman inherits his father's title; the
eldest son of a king inherits the crown.
2. To receive or take by birth; to have by
nature; to derive or acquire from ancestors, as mental or physical
qualities; as, he inherits a strong constitution, a tendency
to disease, etc.
Prince Harry is valiant; for the cold blood he did
naturally inherit of his father he hath . . . manured . . .
with good store of fertile sherris.
Shak.
3. To come into possession of; to possess; to
own; to enjoy as a possession.
But the meek shall inherit the
earth.
Ps. xxxvii. 11.
To bury so much gold under a tree,
And never after to inherit it.
Shak.
4. To put in possession of. [R.]
Shak.
In*her"it (?), v. i. To take or
hold a possession, property, estate, or rights by
inheritance.
Thou shalt not inherit our father's
house.
Judg. xi. 2.
In*her`it*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being inheritable or descendible to heirs.
Jefferson.
In*her"it*a*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of being inherited; transmissible or
descendible; as, an inheritable estate or title.
Blackstone.
2. Capable of being transmitted from parent
to child; as, inheritable qualities or infirmities.
3. [Cf. OF. enheritable,
inheritable.] Capable of taking by inheritance, or of
receiving by descent; capable of succeeding to, as an heir.
By attainder . . . the blood of the person attainted
is so corrupted as to be rendered no longer
inheritable.
Blackstone.
The eldest daughter of the king is also alone
inheritable to the crown on failure of issue
male.
Blackstone.
Inheritable blood, blood or relationship by
which a person becomes qualified to be an heir, or to transmit
possessions by inheritance.
In*her"it*a*bly, adv. By
inheritance. Sherwood.
In*her"it*ance (?), n. [Cf. OF.
enheritance.]
1. The act or state of inheriting; as, the
inheritance of an estate; the inheritance of mental or
physical qualities.
2. That which is or may be inherited; that
which is derived by an heir from an ancestor or other person; a
heritage; a possession which passes by descent.
When the man dies, let the inheritance
Descend unto the daughter.
Shak.
3. A permanent or valuable possession or
blessing, esp. one received by gift or without purchase; a
benefaction.
To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled,
and that fadeth not away.
1 Pet. i. 4.
4. Possession; ownership; acquisition.
"The inheritance of their loves." Shak.
To you th' inheritance belongs by right
Of brother's praise; to you eke 'longs his love.
Spenser.
5. (Biol.) Transmission and reception
by animal or plant generation.
6. (Law) A perpetual or continuing
right which a man and his heirs have to an estate; an estate which a
man has by descent as heir to another, or which he may transmit to
another as his heir; an estate derived from an ancestor to an heir in
course of law. Blackstone.
&fist; The word inheritance (used simply) is mostly
confined to the title to land and tenements by a descent. Mozley
& W.
Men are not proprietors of what they have, merely for
themselves; their children have a title to part of it which comes to
be wholly theirs when death has put an end to their parents' use of
it; and this we call inheritance.
Locke.
In*her"it*or (?), n. One who
inherits; an heir.
Born inheritors of the dignity.
Milton.
In*her"it*ress (?), n. A
heiress. Milman.
In*her"it*rix (?), n. Same as
Inheritress. Shak.
In*herse" (?), v. t. [Obs.] See
Inhearse.
In*he"sion (?), n. [L. inhaesio.
See Inhere.] The state of existing, of being inherent, in
something; inherence. A. Baxter.
Constant inhesion and habitual
abode.
South.
In`hi*a"tion (?), n. [L.
inhiatio, fr. inhiare to gape; pref. in- +
hiare to gape.] A gaping after; eager desire;
craving. [R.] Bp. Hall.
In*hib"it (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inhibited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Inhibiting.] [L. inhibitus, p. p. of inhibere;
pref. in- in + habere to have, hold. See
Habit.]
1. To check; to hold back; to restrain; to
hinder.
Their motions also are excited or inhibited . .
. by the objects without them.
Bentley.
2. To forbid; to prohibit; to
interdict.
All men were inhibited, by proclamation, at the
dissolution, so much as to mention a Parliament.
Clarendon.
Burial may not be inhibited or denied to any
one.
Ayliffe.
In`hi*bi"tion (?), n. [L.
inhibitio: cf. F. inhibition.]
1. The act of inhibiting, or the state of
being inhibited; restraint; prohibition; embargo.
2. (Physiol.) A stopping or checking
of an already present action; a restraining of the function of an
organ, or an agent, as a digestive fluid or ferment, etc.; as, the
inhibition of the respiratory center by the pneumogastric
nerve; the inhibition of reflexes, etc.
3. (Law) A writ from a higher court
forbidding an inferior judge from further proceedings in a cause
before; esp., a writ issuing from a higher ecclesiastical court to an
inferior one, on appeal. Cowell.
In*hib"i*tor (?), n. [NL.] That
which causes inhibitory action; esp., an inhibitory nerve.
In*hib"i*to*ry (?), a. [LL.
inhibitorius: cf. F. inhibitoire.] Of or
pertaining to, or producing, inhibition; consisting in inhibition;
tending or serving to inhibit; as, the inhibitory action of
the pneumogastric on the respiratory center.
I would not have you consider these criticisms as
inhibitory.
Lamb.
Inhibitory nerves (Physiol.), those
nerves which modify, inhibit, or suppress a motor or secretory act
already in progress.
In*hib"i*to*ry-mo"tor (?), a.
(Physiol.) A term applied to certain nerve centers which
govern or restrain subsidiary centers, from which motor impressions
issue. McKendrick.
In*hive" (?), v. t. To place in a
hive; to hive.
In*hold" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inheld (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inholding.] To have inherent; to contain in itself; to
possess. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
In*hold"er, n. An
inhabitant. [Obs.] Spenser.
In*hoop" (?), v. t. To inclose in
a hoop, or as in a hoop. [R.] Shak.
In*hos"pi*ta*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + hospitable: cf. L. inhospitalis.]
1. Not hospitable; not disposed to show
hospitality to strangers or guests; as, an inhospitable person
or people.
Have you no touch of pity, that the poor
Stand starved at your inhospitable door?
Cowper.
2. Affording no shelter or sustenance;
barren; desert; bleak; cheerless; wild. "Inhospitable
wastes." Blair.
-- In*hos"pi*ta*ble*ness, n. --
In*hos"pi*ta*bly, adv.
In*hos`pi*tal"i*ty (?), n. [L.
inhospitalitas: cf. F. inhospitalité. See In-
not, and Hospitality.] The quality or state of being
inhospitable; inhospitableness; lack of hospitality. Bp.
Hall.
In*hu"man (?), a. [L. inhumanus:
cf. F. inhumain. See In- not, and Human.]
1. Destitute of the kindness and tenderness
that belong to a human being; cruel; barbarous; savage; unfeeling;
as, an inhuman person or people.
2. Characterized by, or attended with,
cruelty; as, an inhuman act or punishment.
Syn. -- Cruel; unfeeling; pitiless; merciless; savage;
barbarous; brutal; ferocious; ruthless; fiendish.
In`hu*man"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Inhumanities (#). [L. inhumanitas: cf. F.
inhumanité.] The quality or state of being
inhuman; cruelty; barbarity.
Man's inhumanity to man
Makes countless thousands mourn.
Burns.
In*hu"man*ly (?), adv. In an
inhuman manner; cruelly; barbarously.
In*hu"mate (?), v. t. [L.
inhumatus, p. p. of inhumare to inhume; pref. in-
in + humare to cover with earth. See Humation, and
cf. Inhume.] To inhume; to bury; to inter.
Hedge.
In`hu*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
inhumation.]
1. The act of inhuming or burying;
interment.
2. (Old Chem.) The act of burying
vessels in warm earth in order to expose their contents to a steady
moderate heat; the state of being thus exposed.
3. (Med.) Arenation.
In*hume" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inhumed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inhuming.] [Cf. F. inhumer. See Inhumate.]
1. To deposit, as a dead body, in the earth;
to bury; to inter.
Weeping they bear the mangled heaps of slain,
Inhume the natives in their native plain.
Pope.
2. To bury or place in warm earth for
chemical or medicinal purposes.
||In"i*a (?), n. (Zoöl.)
A South American freshwater dolphin (Inia Boliviensis).
It is ten or twelve feet long, and has a hairy snout.
In"i*al (?), a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the inion.
In`im*ag"i*na*ble (?), a.
Unimaginable; inconceivable. [R.] Bp. Pearson.
In*im"i*cal (?; 277), a. [L.
inimicalis, fr. inimicus unfriendly, hostile; pref.
in- not + amicus friendly. See Amity.]
1. Having the disposition or temper of an
enemy; unfriendly; unfavorable; -- chiefly applied to private,
as hostile is to public, enmity.
2. Opposed in tendency, influence, or
effects; antagonistic; inconsistent; incompatible; adverse;
repugnant.
We are at war with a system, which, by its essence, is
inimical to all other governments.
Burke.
In*im`i*cal"i*ty (?), n. The state
or quality of being inimical or hostile; hostility;
unfriendliness. [R.]
In*im"i*cal*ly (?), adv. In an
inimical manner.
In*im`i*ci"tious (?), a. [L.
inimicitia enmity. See Inimical.] Inimical;
unfriendly. [R.] Sterne.
In*im"i*cous (?), a. [L.
inimicus.] Inimical; hurtful. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
In*im`i*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being inimitable; inimitableness.
Norris.
In*im"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
inimitabilis: cf. F. inimitable. See In- not,
and Imitable.] Not capable of being imitated, copied, or
counterfeited; beyond imitation; surpassingly excellent; matchless;
unrivaled; exceptional; unique; as, an inimitable style;
inimitable eloquence. "Inimitable force."
Dryden.
Performing such inimitable feats.
Cowper.
-- In*im"i*ta*ble*ness, n. --
In*im"i*ta*bly, adv.
||In"i*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
'ini`on the back of the head.] (Anat.) The
external occipital protuberance of the skull.
In*iq"ui*tous (?), a. [From
Iniquity.] Characterized by iniquity; unjust; wicked; as,
an iniquitous bargain; an iniquitous
proceeding.
Demagogues . . . bribed to this iniquitous
service.
Burke.
Syn. -- Wicked; wrong; unjust; unrighteous; nefarious;
criminal. -- Iniquitous, Wicked, Nefarious.
Wicked is the generic term. Iniquitous is stronger,
denoting a violation of the rights of others, usually by fraud or
circumvention. Nefarious is still stronger, implying a breach
of the most sacred obligations, and points more directly to the
intrinsic badness of the deed.
In*iq"ui*tous*ly, adv. In an
iniquitous manner; unjustly; wickedly.
In*iq"ui*ty (?), n.; pl.
Iniquities (#). [OE. iniquitee, F.
iniquité, L. iniquitas, inequality, unfairness,
injustice. See Iniquous.]
1. Absence of, or deviation from, just
dealing; want of rectitude or uprightness; gross injustice;
unrighteousness; wickedness; as, the iniquity of bribery; the
iniquity of an unjust judge.
Till the world from his perfection fell
Into all filth and foul iniquity.
Spenser.
2. An iniquitous act or thing; a deed of
injustice or unrighteousness; a sin; a crime.
Milton.
Your iniquities have separated between you and
your God.
Is. lix. 2.
3. A character or personification in the old
English moralities, or moral dramas, having the name sometimes of one
vice and sometimes of another. See Vice.
Acts old Iniquity, and in the fit
Of miming gets the opinion of a wit.
B.
Jonson.
In*i"quous (?), a. [L. iniquus;
pref. in- not + aequus. See Equal.]
Iniquitous. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
In*ir"ri*ta*ble (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + irritable: cf. F. inirritable.] Not
irritable; esp. (Physiol.), incapable of being stimulated to
action, as a muscle. -- In*ir`ri*ta*bil"i*ty (#),
n.
In*ir"ri*ta*tive (?), a. Not
accompanied with excitement; as, an inirritative fever.
E. Darwin.
In*isle" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Enisled.] To form into an island; to surround.
[Obs.] Drayton.
In*i"tial (?), a. [L. initialis,
from initium a going in, entrance, beginning, fr. inire
to go into, to enter, begin; pref. in- in + ire to go:
cf. F. initial. See Issue, and cf.
Commence.]
1. Of or pertaining to the beginning; marking
the commencement; incipient; commencing; as, the initial
symptoms of a disease.
2. Placed at the beginning; standing at the
head, as of a list or series; as, the initial letters of a
name.
In*i"tial, n. The first letter of
a word or a name.
In*i"tial, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Initialed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Initialing.] To put an initial to; to mark with an
initial of initials. [R.]
In*i"tial*ly, adv. In an initial
or incipient manner or degree; at the beginning.
Barrow.
In*i"ti*ate (?), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Initiated (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Initiating (?).] [L. initiatus, p. p. of
initiare to begin, fr. initium beginning. See
Initial.]
1. To introduce by a first act; to make a
beginning with; to set afoot; to originate; to commence; to begin or
enter upon.
How are changes of this sort to be
initiated?
I. Taylor.
2. To acquaint with the beginnings; to
instruct in the rudiments or principles; to introduce.
Providence would only initiate mankind into the
useful knowledge of her treasures, leaving the rest to employ our
industry.
Dr. H. More.
To initiate his pupil into any part of
learning, an ordinary skill in the governor is enough.
Locke.
3. To introduce into a society or
organization; to confer membership on; especially, to admit to a
secret order with mysterious rites or ceremonies.
The Athenians believed that he who was
initiated and instructed in the mysteries would obtain
celestial honor after death.
Bp. Warburton.
He was initiated into half a dozen clubs before
he was one and twenty.
Spectator.
In*i"ti*ate, v. i. To do the first
act; to perform the first rite; to take the initiative. [R.]
Pope.
In*i"ti*ate (?), a. [L.
initiatus, p. p.]
1. Unpracticed; untried; new. [Obs.]
"The initiate fear that wants hard use." Shak.
2. Begun; commenced; introduced to, or
instructed in, the rudiments; newly admitted.
To rise in science as in bliss,
Initiate in the secrets of the skies.
Young.
Initiate tenant by courtesy (Law),
said of a husband who becomes such in his wife's estate of
inheritance by the birth of a child, but whose estate is not
consummated till the death of the wife. Mozley & W.
In*i"ti*ate, n. One who is, or is
to be, initiated.
In*i`ti*a"tion (?), n. [L.
initiatio: cf. F. initiation.]
1. The act of initiating, or the process of
being initiated or introduced; as, initiation into a society,
into business, literature, etc. "The initiation of
courses of events." Pope.
2. The form or ceremony by which a person is
introduced into any society; mode of entrance into an organized body;
especially, the rite of admission into a secret society or
order.
Silence is the first thing that is taught us at our
initiation into sacred mysteries.
Broome.
In*i"ti*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
initiatif.] Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory;
introductory; preliminary.
In*i"ti*a*tive, n. [Cf. F.
initiative.]
1. An introductory step or movement; an act
which originates or begins.
The undeveloped initiatives of good things to
come.
I. Taylor.
2. The right or power to introduce a new
measure or course of action, as in legislation; as, the
initiative in respect to revenue bills is in the House of
Representatives.
In*i"ti*a`tor (?), n. [L.] One who
initiates.
In*i"ti*a*to*ry (?), a.
1. Suitable for an introduction or beginning;
introductory; prefatory; as, an initiatory step. Bp.
Hall.
2. Tending or serving to initiate;
introducing by instruction, or by the use and application of symbols
or ceremonies; elementary; rudimentary.
Some initiatory treatises in the
law.
Herbert.
Two initiatory rites of the same general import
can not exist together.
J. M. Mason.
In*i"ti*a*to*ry, n. An
introductory act or rite. [R.]
In*i"tion (?), n. [Cf. OF.
inition. See Initial.] Initiation;
beginning. [Obs.] Sir R. Naunton.
In*ject" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Injected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Injecting.] [L. injectus, p. p. of inicere,
injicere, to throw in; pref. in- in + jacere to
throw: cf. F. injecter. See Jet a shooting forth.]
1. To throw in; to dart in; to force in; as,
to inject cold water into a condenser; to inject a
medicinal liquid into a cavity of the body; to inject morphine
with a hypodermic syringe.
2. Fig.: To throw; to offer; to propose; to
instill.
Cæsar also, then hatching tyranny,
injected the same scrupulous demurs.
Milton.
3. To cast or throw; -- with on.
[R.]
And mound inject on mound.
Pope.
4. (Anat.) To fill (a vessel, cavity,
or tissue) with a fluid or other substance; as, to inject the
blood vessels.
In*jec"tion (?), n. [L. injectio
: cf. F. injection.] 1. The act of
injecting or throwing in; -- applied particularly to the forcible
throwing in of a liquid, or aëriform body, by means of a
syringe, pump, etc.
2. That which is injected; especially, a
liquid medicine thrown into a cavity of the body by a syringe or
pipe; a clyster; an enema. Mayne.
3. (Anat.) (a) The act
or process of filling vessels, cavities, or tissues with a fluid or
other substance. (b) A specimen prepared
by injection.
4. (Steam Eng.) (a)
The act of throwing cold water into a condenser to produce a
vacuum. (b) The cold water thrown into a
condenser.
Injection cock, or Injection
valve (Steam Eng.), the cock or valve through
which cold water is admitted into a condenser. --
Injection condenser. See under
Condenser. -- Injection pipe, the
pipe through which cold water is through into the condenser of a
steam engine.
In*ject"or (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, injects.
2. (Mach.) A contrivance for forcing
feed water into a steam boiler by the direct action of the steam upon
the water. The water is driven into the boiler by the impulse of a
jet of the steam which becomes condensed as soon as it strikes the
stream of cold water it impels; -- also called Giffard's
injector, from the inventor.
In*jel"ly (?), v. t. To place in
jelly. [R.]
In*join" (?), v. t. [Obs.]
See Enjoin.
In*joint (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in + joint.] To join; to unite. [R.]
Shak.
In*joint, v. t. [Pref. in- in +
joint.] To disjoint; to separate. [Obs.]
Holland.
In`ju*cun"di*ty (?), n. [L.
injucunditas. See In- not, and Jocund.]
Unpleasantness; disagreeableness. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
In*ju"di*ca*ble (?), a. Not
cognizable by a judge. [Obs.] Bailey.
In`ju*di"cial (?), a. Not
according to the forms of law; not judicial. [R.]
In`ju*di"cious (?), a. [Pref. in-
not + judicious; cf. F. injudicieux.]
1. Not judicious; wanting in sound judgment;
undiscerning; indiscreet; unwise; as, an injudicious
adviser.
An injudicious biographer who undertook to be
his editor and the protector of his memory.
A.
Murphy.
2. Not according to sound judgment or
discretion; unwise; as, an injudicious measure.
Syn. -- Indiscreet; inconsiderate; undiscerning;
incautious; unwise; rash; hasty; imprudent.
In`ju*di"cious*ly, adv. In an
injudicious manner.
In`ju*di"cious*ness, n. The
quality of being injudicious; want of sound judgment;
indiscretion. Whitlock.
In*junc"tion (?), n. [L.
injunctio, fr. injungere, injunctum, to join
into, to enjoin. See Enjoin.] 1. The act
of enjoining; the act of directing, commanding, or
prohibiting.
2. That which is enjoined; an order; a
mandate; a decree; a command; a precept; a direction.
For still they knew, and ought to have still
remembered,
The high injunction, not to taste that fruit.
Milton.
Necessary as the injunctions of lawful
authority.
South.
3. (Law) A writ or process, granted by
a court of equity, and, in some cases, under statutes, by a court of
law, whereby a party is required to do or to refrain from doing
certain acts, according to the exigency of the writ.
&fist; It is more generally used as a preventive than as a
restorative process, although by no means confined to the former.
Wharton. Daniell. Story.
In"jure (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Injured (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Injuring.] [L. injuriari, fr. injuria injury,
perh. through F. injurier to insult, in OF. also, to injure;
or perhaps fr. E. injury, or F. injure injury. See
Injury.] To do harm to; to impair the excellence and
value of; to hurt; to damage; -- used in a variety of senses; as:
(a) To hurt or wound, as the person; to impair
soundness, as of health. (b) To damage or lessen the
value of, as goods or estate. (c) To slander,
tarnish, or impair, as reputation or character. (d)
To impair or diminish, as happiness or virtue. (e) To
give pain to, as the sensibilities or the feelings; to grieve; to
annoy. (f) To impair, as the intellect or
mind.
When have I injured thee? when done thee
wrong?
Shak.
Syn. -- To damage; mar; spoil; harm; sully; wrong;
maltreat; abuse; insult; affront; dishonor.
In"jur*er (?), n. One who injures
or wrongs.
||In*ju"ri*a (?), n.; pl.
Injurie (#). [L.] (Law) Injury;
invasion of another's rights.
In*ju"ri*ous (?), a. [L.
injuriousus, injurius; cf. F. injurieux. See
Injury.] 1. Not just; wrongful;
iniquitous; culpable. [Obs.] Milton.
Till the injurious Roman did extort
This tribute from us, we were free.
Shak.
2. Causing injury or harm; hurtful; harmful;
detrimental; mischievous; as, acts injurious to health,
credit, reputation, property, etc.
Without being injurious to the memory of our
English Pindar.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Harmful; hurtful; pernicious; mischievous; baneful;
deleterious; noxious; ruinous; detrimental.
In*ju"ri*ous*ly, adv. In an
injurious or hurtful manner; wrongfully; hurtfully;
mischievously.
In*ju"ri*ous*ness, n. The quality
of being injurious or hurtful; harmfulness; injury.
In"ju*ry (?), n.; pl.
Injuries (#). [OE. injurie, L.
injuria, fr. injurius injurious, wrongful, unjust;
pref. in- not + jus, juris, right, law, justice:
cf. F. injure. See Just, a.] Any
damage or hurt done to a person or thing; detriment to, or violation
of, the person, character, feelings, rights, property, or interests
of an individual; that which injures, or occasions wrong, loss,
damage, or detriment; harm; hurt; loss; mischief; wrong; evil; as,
his health was impaired by a severe injury; slander is an
injury to the character.
For he that doeth injury shall receive that
that he did evil.
Wyclif(Col. iii. 25).
Many times we do injury to a cause by dwelling
on trifling arguments.
I. Watts.
Riot ascends above their loftiest towers,
And injury and outrage.
Milton.
&fist; Injury in morals and jurisprudence is the
intentional doing of wrong. Fleming.
Syn. -- Harm; hurt; damage; loss; impairment; detriment;
wrong; evil; injustice.
In*jus"tice (?), n. [F.
injustice, L. injustitia. See In- not, and
Justice, and cf. Unjust.] 1. Want
of justice and equity; violation of the rights of another or others;
iniquity; wrong; unfairness; imposition.
If this people [the Athenians] resembled Nero in their
extravagance, much more did they resemble and even exceed him in
cruelty and injustice.
Burke.
2. An unjust act or deed; a sin; a crime; a
wrong.
Cunning men can be guilty of a thousand
injustices without being discovered, or at least without being
punished.
Swift.
Ink (&ibreve;&nsm;k), n. (Mach.)
The step, or socket, in which the lower end of a millstone
spindle runs.
Ink, n. [OE. enke, inke,
OF. enque, F. encre, L. encaustum the purple red
ink with which the Roman emperors signed their edicts, Gr. &?;, fr.
&?; burnt in, encaustic, fr. &?; to burn in. See Encaustic,
Caustic.] 1. A fluid, or a viscous
material or preparation of various kinds (commonly black or colored),
used in writing or printing.
Make there a prick with ink.
Chaucer.
Deformed monsters, foul and black as
ink.
Spenser.
2. A pigment. See India ink, under
India.
&fist; Ordinarily, black ink is made from nutgalls and a
solution of some salt of iron, and consists essentially of a tannate
or gallate of iron; sometimes indigo sulphate, or other coloring
matter, is added. Other black inks contain potassium chromate, and
extract of logwood, salts of vanadium, etc. Blue ink is
usually a solution of Prussian blue. Red ink was formerly made
from carmine (cochineal), Brazil wood, etc., but potassium eosin is
now used. Also red, blue, violet, and yellow inks are largely made
from aniline dyes. Indelible ink is usually a weak solution of
silver nitrate, but carbon in the form of lampblack or India ink,
salts of molybdenum, vanadium, etc., are also used.
Sympathetic inks may be made of milk, salts of cobalt, etc.
See Sympathetic ink (below).
Copying ink, a peculiar ink used for
writings of which copies by impression are to be taken. --
Ink bag (Zoöl.), an ink sac. -
- Ink berry. (Bot.) (a)
A shrub of the Holly family (Ilex glabra), found in sandy
grounds along the coast from New England to Florida, and producing a
small black berry. (b) The West Indian
indigo berry. See Indigo. -- Ink plant
(Bot.), a New Zealand shrub (Coriaria thymifolia),
the berries of which yield a juice which forms an ink. --
Ink powder, a powder from which ink is made by
solution. -- Ink sac (Zoöl.),
an organ, found in most cephalopods, containing an inky fluid
which can be ejected from a duct opening at the base of the siphon.
The fluid serves to cloud the water, and enable these animals to
escape from their enemies. See Illust. of
Dibranchiata. -- Printer's ink, or
Printing ink. See under Printing. -
- Sympathetic ink, a writing fluid of such a
nature that what is written remains invisible till the action of a
reagent on the characters makes it visible.
Ink, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inked (&ibreve;&nsm;kt); p. pr. & vb.
n. Inking.] To put ink upon; to supply with
ink; to blacken, color, or daub with ink.
Ink"er (?), n. One who, or that
which, inks; especially, in printing, the pad or roller which inks
the type.
Ink"fish` (?), n. A cuttlefish.
See Cuttlefish.
Ink"horn` (?), n. [Ink +
horn; cf. F. cornet à encre, G.
dintenhorn.] A small bottle of horn or other material
formerly used for holding ink; an inkstand; a portable case for
writing materials. "With a writer's inkhorn by his
side." Ezek. ix. 2.
From his pocket the notary drew his papers and
inkhorn.
Longfellow.
Ink"horn", a. Learned; pedantic;
affected. [Obs.] "Inkhorn terms." Bale.
Ink"horn`ism (?), n.
Pedantry. Sir T. Wilson.
Ink"i*ness (?), n. [From Inky.]
The state or quality of being inky; blackness.
Ink"ing, a. Supplying or covering
with ink.
Inking roller, a somewhat elastic roller,
used to spread ink over forms of type, copperplates, etc. --
Inking trough or table, a
trough or table from which the inking roller receives its
ink.
In"kle (?), n. [Prob.the same word as
lingle, the first l being mistaken for the definite
article in French. See Lingle.] A kind of tape or
braid. Shak.
In"kle, v. t. [OE. inklen to
hint; cf. Dan. ymte to whisper.] To guess. [Prov.
Eng.] "She inkled what it was." R. D. Blackmore.
In"kling (?), n. A hint; an
intimation.
The least inkling or glimpse of this
island.
Bacon.
They had some inkling of secret
messages.
Clarendon.
In"knee` (?), n. Same as Knock-
knee.
In"kneed` (?), a. See Knock-
kneed.
In*knot" (?), v. t. To fasten or
bind, as with a knot; to knot together. Fuller.
Ink"stand` (?), n. A small vessel
for holding ink, to dip the pen into; also, a device for holding ink
and writing materials.
Ink"stone" (?), n. A kind of stone
containing native vitriol or sulphate of iron, used in making
ink.
Ink"y (?), a. Consisting of, or
resembling, ink; soiled with ink; black. "Inky blots."
Shak. "Its inky blackness." Boyle.
In*lace" (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Inlaced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Inlacing (?).] [Pref. in- + lace: cf. OE.
enlacen to entangle, involve, OF. enlacier, F.
enlacer. See Lace, and cf. Enlace.] To work
in, as lace; to embellish with work resembling lace; also, to lace or
enlace. P. Fletcher.
In"la*ga"tion (?), n. [Law L.
inlagatio, fr. inlagare to restore to law. See
In, and Law.] (Old Eng. Law) The
restitution of an outlawed person to the protection of the law;
inlawing. Bouvier.
In*laid" (?), p. p. of
Inlay.
In"land (?), a. 1.
Within the land; more or less remote from the ocean or from open
water; interior; as, an inland town. "This wide
inland sea." Spenser.
From inland regions to the distant
main.
Cowper.
2. Limited to the land, or to inland routes;
within the seashore boundary; not passing on, or over, the sea; as,
inland transportation, commerce, navigation, etc.
3. Confined to a country or state; domestic;
not foreign; as, an inland bill of exchange. See
Exchange.
In"land, n. The interior part of a
country. Shak.
In"land, adv. Into, or towards,
the interior, away from the coast. Cook.
The greatest waves of population have rolled
inland from the east.
S. Turner.
In"land*er (?), n. One who lives
in the interior of a country, or at a distance from the sea.
Sir T. Browne.
In"land*ish, a. Inland.
[Obs.] T. Reeve(1657)
In*lap"i*date (?), v. t. [Pref. in-
in + L. lapis, lapidis, s