The Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Vol. XXXIV., No. 5,
May 1880, by Various

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.



Title: American Missionary, Vol. XXXIV., No. 5, May 1880

Author: Various

Release Date: June 26, 2017 [EBook #54981]

Language: English

Character set encoding: UTF-8

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***




Produced by Joshua Hutchinson, KarenD, Wayne Hammond and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by Cornell University Digital
Collections)

127

Vol. XXXIV. No. 5.

THE
AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
“To the Poor the Gospel is Preached.”
MAY, 1880.

CONTENTS:

NEW YORK:
Published by the American Missionary Association,
Rooms, 56 Reade Street.

Price, 50 Cents a Year, in advance.
Entered at the Post Office at New York, N. Y., as second-class matter.

128

American Missionary Association,
56 READE STREET, N. Y.
PRESIDENT.
Hon. E. S. TOBEY, Boston.

129

THE
AMERICAN MISSIONARY.

Vol. XXXIV. MAY, 1880. No. 5.

American Missionary Association.

With this number, the American Missionary passes into the hands of Rev. C. C. Painter, as Editor and Business Manager. Mr. Painter was born in the South, educated at the North, where he was for several years a pastor, and more recently a Professor of Theology in Fisk University, and connected with its financial management. He brings to the work a ripe scholarship, the pen of a ready writer, and a deep interest in the varied work in which the Association is engaged.

The retirement of the Rev. Geo. M. Boynton, who, for several years, has acted as Editor of the Missionary, is felt to be a great loss to the Association. His peculiar skill in editing, his facility in writing, and his quick apprehension of current events bearing on our work, enabled him to give to our magazine a freshness and attractiveness it never before had attained. Mr. Boynton’s usefulness as a member of our Executive Committee makes his loss to us the greater. In his new pastorate in Jamaica Plain, Boston, he bears with him the warmest affection and best wishes of the officers of the Association.

As we make our bow after the above graceful introduction by our honored Senior Secretary, we are conscious that all eyes are turned regretfully toward the departing, rather than hopefully to the incoming, Editor. We are in the position similar to that of a new minister, who is told as he makes his first pastoral visits, “We never expect to love another pastor as we loved Mr. B.” We are glad for all that makes our position difficult, and suggest as the only remedy for the loss the Missionary must otherwise sustain in the retirement of Mr. Boynton, that all who feel it, shall make the appropriate effort to prevent it. Let our teachers and missionaries understand, that they must come to the rescue by prompt and faithful reports of every phase of their work; giving us rich material from which to select what, from our stand-point, appears the thing to be said at any given time. Let Pastors and Superintendents, and other co-laborers, feel that they must stand between this work and loss, and double their diligence, and quicken their zeal, in keeping their churches and schools informed and 130 interested; and, finally, let all who have felt an impulse to give more, show their appreciation of the late Editor’s good work by such an increase of gifts, as shall meet the urgent demands on our Treasury; and in reporting all this, we promise the most interesting numbers of the Missionary yet published. Thus:

We have received a copy of the new map of Central and Southern Africa, published by the A. B. C. F. M. As an outline map for chapel purposes, we believe it unsurpassed in beauty and cheapness. The price, on paper, is 75c.; on cloth, $1.25; to be had of C. N. Chapin, 14 Congregational House, Boston.

Dr. T. Thornton Macklin, who for several years was connected with the Blantyre Mission in the region of the Nyassa, is making a brief visit to this country, and gave us much valuable information about methods of work in Equatorial Africa, in an hour’s interview at our office. Dr. Macklin is anxious to return to Africa and enter upon pioneer work, such as that proposed by Mr. Arthington to the A. M. A., in the Nile basin.

We are glad to know that Dr. G. B. Willcox, whose presence and counsels are sadly missed in our Committee meetings, loses none of his enthusiasm for the American Missionary Association and its work, because of his new home and new duties. At a recent meeting in Dr. Noble’s church in Chicago, he read an address which we wish could be put into the hands of every Christian, and of every citizen, in the land. It is too long to print in our pages, and too consecutive to dismember without marring. We hope he may have calls to deliver it before the other churches of that city, and of other cities, East and West.

We fear that a fact, stated by Mrs. Hill in our last number, has not been fully taken in by our readers. Writing from Marion, Ala., of her work among the children, she said, incidentally, and most of us read it without comprehending it, “The girls’ sewing-class has sent $38 to the Mendi Mission.”

The “Girls’ Sewing-Class!” “Thirty-eight Dollars!” Sunday-school workers of New England, think what that means! We venture to say there is scarce a Sunday-school connected with one of our churches in New England where the same amount of money would cost a girls’ sewing-class one-half the self-denial and labor that is represented by this $38 for the Mendi Mission. And it came from a colored girls’ sewing-class!

Some time since, a request came from a teacher in one of our institutions to the Sunday-school of the Second Congregational Church in Rockville, Conn., that it should raise $70 for a promising young man who, for lack of it, must leave his studies. The matter was brought before the school and laid over for consideration. On the next Sabbath, a class of young men, every one of whom was earning his own living, stated that it would assume the responsibility for the whole amount. To raise this money did not hurt them; on the contrary, it did them as much good as it did the one who received it. What if this same spirit should become epidemic in our schools! 131

The Sunday-school at Kenosha, Wis., when its pastor read to it President Cravath’s article in the October Missionary, entitled “What shall we do?” promptly responded by sending a check for $50. Pastors, Sunday-school superintendents and teachers, it is not a difficult thing to do, but a most easy, and as blessed as easy, to enlist your young people in this beneficent work; beneficent not alone in relation to the ignorant negroes, but to your own young people. The needs of our work are great, but the need that our Sunday-school children and young people be educated out of narrow, selfish views of life, is even more urgent. Let this double education go forward steadily and by organized effort; thus shall sower and reaper rejoice together, and it will be difficult to tell the one from the other in their mutual joy and benefit, for both are reapers of such sowing.

The Selma, Ala., Daily Times notes the fact that our Field Secretary, Dr. Roy, preached in the First Presbyterian Church of that city in the morning, and the Rev. H. S. DeForest in the evening, of a recent Sabbath, and says that more than usual interest was manifested in both services. Also, in a kindly notice of the Fifth Annual Convention of the Congregational Churches of Alabama, convened in that city, it says: “This church is doing a great work for the education and religious culture of the colored people in Alabama, and the other Southern States.”

Dr. R. S. Rust, Secretary of the M. E. Freedmen’s Aid Society, in his Twelfth Annual Report of the work of that Society, speaks with a just pride of the twenty distinctive colored schools established in the South, with an aggregate of 2,510 pupils: of these, 453 are classed as Biblical, 20 law, 60 medical, 74 collegiate, 270 academic, 1,020 normal, 242 intermediate, and 371 primary.

We congratulate him and his church on the good work done, and to be done.

Prof. J. W. Randolph, of Waco College, Texas, which, we understand, is a newly-projected school, to be under management of the colored people, announces his purpose of publishing a new music and hymn-book for and by his own people; and so the genius of this people is reaching out into new fields of effort.

Facts are facts positeevely, as Dr. John Brown’s Scotch beadle would say, and will assert and establish themselves if we can only have patience in well-doing. The professor of Greek in one of the State Colleges of the South said to us, some months since: “I spent a day in Fisk University, and as I am, and have been all my life, a teacher of Greek, was curious to see what the negro could do with that language; and, sir, I should be most proud and happy if I had twenty boys in my College who could recite Greek as I heard that number of boys and girls reciting it in that school.”

The teacher of these boys and girls was a young colored woman, 22 years of age, herself a graduate of the school in which she was then teaching.

Among the many indications of the growing interest taken by the best class of Southern people in the educational work of our schools, we note the frequent kindly notices, given in the daily papers of the cities in which our schools are located, of anything that concerns the work. We clip the following from the 132 Morning Ledger, of Memphis, in appreciative mention of the lecture course before Le Moyne Institute of that city: “It is an encouraging sign of the times when such men as Dr. Maury, Judge Morgan, Col. Eaton, and Judge Hammond give their time and talents for the instruction and elevation of the colored race, especially when these people show a disposition and a capacity for moral and intellectual improvement. It is an indisputable evidence of the amiable relations of the two races, and gives assurance that the traces of the war, and its bad passions, are wearing out, and that we have entered upon a peaceful, law-abiding era, with a good basis for solid prosperity.”

At the close of the last lecture, delivered by Rev. Mr. Trible, Col. L. B. Eaton arose, and after reference to the success of the course and its good results to the community, proposed, as appreciative of the lecture and expressive of their interest in the object, that they should take a collection, which resulted in over $30 for the library of the school.

We learn that these lectures have been prepared with the same care as if intended for the most cultivated white audiences, and without condescension or patronage, were delivered as if addressed to an audience of young men and women without any hint, direct or implied, of race, color, or previous condition.

GEN. GRANT’S RECEPTION AT STRAIGHT UNIVERSITY.

Just as the Missionary was going to press, we received a letter from Dr. Roy, who is now in New Orleans, giving a brief sketch of the visit of Gen. Grant to the Straight University. We have also a more full account in the New Orleans Times, but we can offer our readers in this number only the shorter narrative. Dr. Roy writes:

“We gave a reception to Gen. Grant in the chapel. Flags were displayed at the front and behind the platform, with the big map on the wall and a placard ‘Our Country.’ The school and the patrons filled the hall. Prof. McPherron led his scholars in some exquisite classic music; Prof. Alexander made the welcoming address in behalf of the Straight University. Gen. Grant responded in one of his laconic and fitting speeches, which was greatly satisfactory to the colored people. Gen. Grant said:

“‘It is a good sign to see such a University as this attended by colored people who were for so long deprived of any such advantage. Those who have gone before you had no such advantages. But by the gift of these institutions, those here are taking the first great step towards improving the advantages guaranteed to them by the Constitution. Great advantages are given these people by the provisions of the Constitution and the Amendments, and the colored people are coming to improve them. The privilege of emigration is permitted and allowed to any people. But other things being equal, every one is happiest in passing his life in the locality where he was born. So that I am glad to see you improving these opportunities. I hope everything for the colored people, and may you make freedom a blessing to yourselves. Gentlemen, I thank you for your kindness.’

“Then the Field Supt., in behalf of the A. M. A., followed, thanking the General for the peace-policy which he had inaugurated, and which is affording so much aid to our work among the Indians; and thanking him for his word in China, upon Chinese emigration, which has helped us in our missions on the Pacific coast. The Superintendent also reported the extent of the work of the A. M. A. at the South, the patriotism of the colored people, and their hunger for 133 knowledge. A young lady, in behalf of the students, presented the General with a bouquet, and Col. Lewis (colored), Collector of the Port, responded for the colored soldiers of Port Hudson. The scholars and friends then filed around and shook hands with the General.”

OLD NAILS WELL CLINCHED.

Three cases of more than ordinary importance were decided in the United States Supreme Court, last month, from which it happily appears that the soul of Judge Taney doesn’t “go marching on.” The Negro has rights. Thanks to the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, he has exactly the same civil rights as the white citizen. Moreover, he has equal rights before the courts—any “State Sovereignty” legislation discriminating against him to the contrary notwithstanding. The test-cases, which had been appealed to the Supreme Court, were those in which colored men had been put on trial for alleged crimes in State courts, and had been denied the right of having any member of their own race on the jury. This discrimination against them, on account of race and color, was pronounced unconstitutional and illegal. The decision is one to awaken devout thankfulness and patriotic pride in the hearts of all lovers of humanity and equal rights for all.—The Advance.

THE CASE IN A NUT-SHELL.

Judge Tourgee, if he is the author of that remarkable book, “A Fool’s Errand,” which every citizen of the Union should not only read, but profoundly study, puts the case in a nut-shell when, in answer to his old teacher’s question, “But what can be done for their (the Negroes’) elevation and relief, or to prevent the establishment of a mediæval barbarism in our midst?” he says:

“The remedy is one that must be applied from the outside. The remedy for darkness is light; for ignorance, knowledge; for wrong, righteousness. The nation nourished and protected slavery. The fruitage of slavery has been the ignorant freedman, the ignorant poor white man, and the arrogant master. Now, let the nation undo the evil it has permitted and encouraged; let it educate those whom it made ignorant, and protect those whom it made weak. It is not a matter of favor to the black, but of safety to the nation. Make the spelling-book the sceptre of national power. Let the nation educate the colored man and the poor white man, because the nation held them in bondage, and is responsible for their education; educate the voter, because the nation cannot afford that he should be ignorant. Honest ignorance in the masses is more to be dreaded than malevolent intelligence in the few.”

We express no opinion as to his method for applying this remedy, as it would lead to a discussion of political questions with which, as such, we have nothing to do. But that the remedy for, and the provision against, these threatening evils, is the education of these people, of this there can be no doubt.

We are happy to say, also, that the work already accomplished by our schools is dissipating the fears, conciliating the prejudices, and disarming the hostility of the Southern people, who are coming more and more to appreciate and sympathize with the effort to educate the Negro, and in helpful ways to co-operate with us in this work. The remedy, indeed, must come from without; but it is beginning to operate, and the most hopeful symptom of healthful action is that the patient begins to appreciate and demand it. 134

SOUTHERN NEGROES IN NEW YORK CITY.

In our efforts to find out the needs of the emigrants for Liberia, now in New York, we have discovered facts in regard to the resident colored population in the city which were to us a great surprise. One of its most intelligent colored men informs us that of the 20,000 colored inhabitants in this city, only about 5,000 are of Northern birth.

A church organized two years ago, with 21 members, has now a membership of 150, and a congregation of about 800, all of whom are from the South. They now worship in a hall for which they pay $40 per month; have raised more than $3,000 for current expenses; $300 for charities, and have $2,000 in bank toward a church building. The pastor of this church is a young ex-slave from Norfolk, Virginia.

Now, in regard to the refugees themselves, we believe an attendance upon the meeting in Dr. Garnet’s church, called to organize and systematize the effort to care for them, would have proved a radical cure for chronic and most persistent doubt as to the negroes’ ability to meet an emergency. The overflowing charity of that meeting was only matched by the wisdom, prudence and skill with which it was managed.

If the Christian churches and friends of Christ would but seek out, and bring as prominently before the public, facts, of which there are many, such as the above, showing the rapid progress these people are making under great discouragements, as the police courts and enemies of the negro report and dwell upon those which show his degradation, we are confident he would be held in much higher estimation.

We venture to say that a like number of refugees of any other race, in as great destitution, with a similar story of wrongs, whether true or false, could not be so quietly stowed away in New York, or left to be cared for so exclusively by their own people. There have been no urgent appeals to the public, and either none at all, or but a passing notice of their arrival, in our religious papers.

WOMAN’S HOME MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION.

This new organization held its first public meeting in Boston, March 18th. The ladies assembled at eleven o’clock in the lecture room of the Park Street Church, which was crowded. Mrs. C. A. Richardson, of Chelsea, presided; Mrs. J. F. Hunnewell, of Charlestown, acted as Secretary. By-laws were read and adopted. An address on the general subject was made by Mrs. Sarah K. Bolton; and Mrs. Steele, of Revere, gave a very interesting account of her labors in Maryland for eight years among the poor whites.

A more public meeting was held in the afternoon in the audience-room of the church, which was also well filled. Rev. Dr. Webb presided, and made a very appropriate and encouraging introductory address, sketching the new range of work opened for women in the missionary world, and assuring the new organization of the welcome it would receive by the officers and friends of the American Board and the Woman’s Board. By invitation, representatives of the American Missionary Association and of the American Home Missionary Society addressed the audience; Rev. C. L. Woodworth and Rev. M. E. Strieby, D. D., appearing for the former, and Rev. Robert West and Rev. H. M. Storrs, D. D., for the latter. These gentlemen confined themselves, as was expected, to presenting a view of the wide 135 fields occupied by their respective societies, and the great need and remarkable hopefulness which they furnished for the labor of woman in the elevation and Christianization of the more destitute women and children of the great West and South.

This new organization originated entirely with the ladies themselves, and, as far as we can judge, has been inaugurated and will be carried forward with great wisdom and efficiency, and with no spirit of rivalry, but with the utmost Christian consideration and love towards other similar boards. It is hard to predict the future of a new benevolent organization. Who could have conjectured in 1810 the grand reach of Christian labor achieved by the ever-to-be-honored American Board? And who, ten years ago, could have foreseen the remarkable energy and wonderful success—then latent, but now active—displayed by the Christian women of this land in the several denominations in co-operation with the great Missionary Boards? But while we cannot prophesy of the future of this new society, yet the success of those we have mentioned encourages us to anticipate for it a glorious career. There certainly is room in this our land, among the women and children of less favored portions and races, for the widest and most hopeful endeavors that can be put forth; and while the degraded of distant lands should not be neglected, certainly those in our own should not be passed by. This new Board has our warmest sympathies.

EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA.

In a letter from Rev. J. Edwards, of Grantville, Mass., he adds his testimony to the many that reach us from all directions, that the South is experiencing a gradual, and to one who visits it after several years’ absence, marked uplifting. He also comes back full of the assurance, as do all others who study the “problem of the South,” that the A. M. A. is doing good work just where it is needed. We thank him for his letter, and second his suggestion that our work presents a magnificent opportunity to the Christian and patriot. We have room for a few extracts:

“Enter the train of the Seaboard & Roanoke Railroad and you will be carried very comfortably through a country as monotonous and unexciting as you will often find. You can bear to watch, for once, the scenery that looks so painfully uninviting it is positively entertaining: light land, scattered pines, and here and there, the so-called villages, of which you might say, ‘enough of them—such as they are.’ No bright green sward; and as for houses, homes—where are they? Surely not very near the line of the railroad, unless you can by courtesy give the name to the scanty cabins, with the tow-headed children, and the wan women, and the man scratching the top of the earth with a plow drawn by one decrepit steer or sorry mule.

“The railroad on to which you pass at Weldon, would carry you to Wilmington, famed throughout the old North State for its delightful social life. But we stop one hundred miles short of this, in the heart of the State. Your desolate ride has hardly prepared you for the pleasing aspect of the town that greets you. Comfortable houses, some of them tasteful, with abundant flower-yards, and, now and then, the familiar green turf, preserved with a good deal of pains; the county buildings, numerous and large stores, some of them doing a business of 136 two or three hundred thousand a year, assure you that here, too, are homes and American enterprise. You are in the midst of the cotton belt—a dry, light, almost sandy soil, level like the bottom of a lake, showing signs (in beds of marl, with shells not yet absorbed) of having been once under the sea, easily tilled; large amounts of chemical fertilizers in use; plenty of work for both whites and blacks; and, although some of both races are do-nothings, numbers of both are industrious and reap the reward. The relations between the two races here appear to the casual eye entirely peaceful. Some blacks are leaving for Indiana, and a few are returning; and the departure of those who go from this particular section only gives more room and occupation for those who stay.

“A fragment of the conversation of two negroes I overheard on the street sounded true and sensible: ‘My ’pinion is, one dat’s willin’ to work, kin make a livin’ most anywhar; as fur —— he allus was too lazy to live; he’s too lazy to die. I don’t b’lieve nuffin sech as he ses.’ They were talking of a bright but indolent mulatto, well known in the place, who had lately exodusized and come back.

“The churches are Baptist, Episcopal, and Methodist, with ‘Hard-shells,’ Campbellites, etc. The colored people have churches and preachers of their own, and will never rise very high till they have schools and better churches.

“The lack of schools is a great evil, felt and deplored by some of the best people. There are private schools for the whites who can pay for them, but no public schools for them, and none of any kind for the blacks here yet. But times move forward and grow better.”

LE MOYNE INSTITUTE, MEMPHIS, TENN.
Training Nurses—Needle-Work—Preparation of Food, etc.

In the Missionary for March, 1879, Miss Milton gave some account of the industrial department of the school at Le Moyne, and also announced the purpose of giving attention to the training of nurses.

Prof. Steele writes that their plans have been more fully developed with most gratifying results. During the year, about an hour each day has been devoted to such work, without interfering with regular studies, and with the effect of stimulating the students in all other directions. The list of questions on the care of the sick, which constituted a part of their examination at the close of the winter term, indicates a varied and minute training, which must fit these pupils to be angels of mercy, and most blessed ministers of comfort and health in many cabins of the South.

Professor Steele reports a death-rate among the negroes of Memphis that is simply appalling. He says in other cities of the South it is about double that among the whites; in Memphis it is three times as great. We are confident that this disproportion does not prevail through the country. The blacks are gregarious, and crowding into the cities, as they do, in ignorance and poverty, disease is fearfully fatal among the children; but we do not believe the forthcoming census will establish such a death-rate as the above among the colored population at large.

Our teachers, wise and Christ-like in their spirit, are directing their efforts to whatever affects the welfare of these poor people, and their condition will constantly improve. 137

ANGLO-TURKISH CONVENTION FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF THE SLAVE-TRADE.

The Queen of England announced at the opening of the last session of Parliament, Feb. 5th, “That a convention for the suppression of the slave-trade has been concluded between my Government and that of his Imperial Majesty the Sultan.” This was very gratifying to all who had so long waited the signing of the oft-promised and oft-delayed treaty with Turkey. On the 9th of February, it was said by the Under-Secretary of State that the treaty had been signed but not ratified, and would soon be laid upon the table of the House of Commons. In the meantime, what purports to be a copy of the treaty has been published.

An examination of its several articles creates grave fears that astute Turkish diplomacy has been too much for Sir Henry Layard in this matter. It is all very well for English cruisers to have the right to search suspected ships, sailing under the Turkish flag, for slaves; but their officers cannot touch African slave seamen, and it will be easy to so make out a ship’s papers that she can carry many more men than she needs, and she can change her crew every voyage. All slaves seized, another article provides, shall be turned over to Ottoman authorities for the purpose of proclaiming them free, which, we fear, will prove as effectual in accomplishing that result, as throwing the turtle into the water by the simpleton was effectual in drowning it.

When England made treaties with other slave-holding nations for the suppression of the slave-trade, she provided that captured slaves should be tried before a mixed Commission in which British officers sat. In this treaty they take their chances for freedom before an Ottoman Court.

In this connection we regret to announce that Pacha Gordon has resigned, and his resignation has been accepted; and thus Central Africa loses its noble Christian ruler. He went out in 1874 as Governor General of Soudan, “to establish a regular government, to create facilities for commerce, and to destroy the slave-trade in the province entrusted to him,” and his resignation will bring dismay to all who have the cause of humanity at heart. It was at first reported that Ismail Eyoub Pacha had been appointed to take his place, who, while not Gordon Pacha, was, it is said, as good a man for the post as could be found in Egypt. But the Anti-Slavery Reporter now says, “it is officially announced that the actual successor is one Raouf Bey, of evil memory.”

This Raouf Bey is spoken of by Sir Samuel Baker in his “Ismailia” as the bosom friend of Abou Saood, whom he describes “as the incarnation of the slave-trade, and the greatest slave-dealer on the White Nile.” Colonel Gordon thinks it certain that the slave-dealers will at once resume their operations, and will be unmolested by the new Governor. He estimates that at least 30,000 slaves have annually, for the past twelve years, been brought down from the Bahr Gazelle and Darfur; and Vice-Consul Wylde believes that not less than 50,000 annually cross the Red Sea, who are taken to Egypt, Turkey, and other Mohammedan countries. And now, it seems, the Anglo-Turkish Convention provides that slaves captured by the English shall be handed over to the Ottoman authorities to be by them declared free, and a noted slave-hunter displaces the Christian suppressor of that hellish traffic in the governorship of the slave-hunting grounds. 138

MR. H. M. STANLEY ON THE CONGO.
[From the Field, March 12.]

As the recent movements of this well known African explorer have not been given in detail, the following translation of a letter written by Father Carrie, head of the Congo Mission, dated Landana, December 3, 1879, and published in Les Missions Catholiques (No. 559), may not be without interest.

Father Carrie says: “Having just returned from a voyage through the whole navigable portion of the Lower Congo, I take the first opportunity of sending you the following particulars concerning Mr. Stanley and his explorations. The party of the great explorer is somewhat numerous. It consists, besides the leader, of a superintendent, an engineer, a sea captain, several mechanics, carpenters, etc., in all, twenty whites of different nationalities—Belgians, Americans, English, Italians, and Danes. A French naturalist, M. Protche, just come to Landana from Paris, and an old member of the German expedition to Chinchoxo, near Landana, are also about to join The ‘Society for the Investigation of the Upper Congo,’ as this expedition terms itself.

“The blacks of the party consist of about one hundred men, Arabs and natives from Sierra Leone and the Congo. The stores are very considerable, comprising especially five small steamers and some auxiliary craft, engines and trucks for land carriage, wooden houses ready for erection, &c.

“Mr. Stanley, as I am informed by Mr. Greshoff, proposes to go up the Congo to the Lualaba, where he hopes to meet his Arab friend Tibu-tin. He will then explore the Western part of the Congo as well as the countries near both of its banks, and will endeavor at the same time to bring the ivory-trade to Emboma. When we arrived at Vivi (four or five miles below the first cataract of the Yellala Falls), Mr. Stanley was on his way across the mountains in the direction of the great village of the same name, doubtless studying the start for his route to the interior. M. Van Schandel, chief engineer of the expedition, told us that the celebrated traveller habitually started on such excursions without warning any one of his going or returning. Soon, however, Mr. Stanley himself was announced; he returned tired to death and covered with dust and perspiration.

“While waiting for the end of the rainy season, he is engaged in firmly establishing his first station—the base of all his future operations—and in maturing his plans for overcoming the gigantic difficulties in his way.

“It is, indeed, a startling enterprise to traverse some two hundred miles of precipitous, rocky mountains, piled up—so to speak—one on the other, and almost without any intermediate passage, not only with a numerous party, but a considerable weight of baggage, wooden houses, trucks and steam vessels, which must be hoisted over heights of from 1,000 to 1,300 feet, with extremely abrupt rises; and this not once, or twenty, or a hundred times, but on thousands of occasions.

“Happen what may, it will require some years’ work to reach the end of this terrible chain of mountains at Stanley Pool, where the second station is to be established.”

Making every allowance for the fears of the worthy ecclesiastic whose letter we have here given, it is sufficiently evident that Mr. Stanley has his work cut out in executing the Belgian international programme. He will, apparently, have a land journey of three hundred miles before he can make use of the river, and he himself considers that it will take three years to carry out the project successfully. 139

JESUS SAT OVER AGAINST THE TREASURY!

It is an assurance full of sweet comfort, especially to the poor, that One sits over against the treasury who estimates at its full value the widow’s mite, knowing as He does out of what love and self-denial it comes. With a check for the last instalment of $100 from the estate of a poor widow, comes a brief sketch of a life that was beautiful and touching; a life that was full of struggle, and sorrow, and benefaction; which closed in blindness after 88 years. After a brief married life, she was left a widow with one child, in great poverty. She won a home with her needle, in which she lived for forty-two years, the last twenty-six of these entirely alone, as her daughter had been taken from her by death.

She lived her brave, self-forgetful, helpful life; active in all good words and works in church and neighborhood, economizing where her own wants were concerned, keeping guard even over the use of matches; liberal to the limit, not only of what she had, but of what she could earn, where the needs of others were known. Intelligently acquainted with the work of the Church, at home and abroad, from a wide reading of all our home and foreign missionary journals, she accepted it as the highest duty and most honored privilege of life to fill up, according to her measure in her own body, what remains behind of the sufferings of the divine Redeemer. Such gifts are as precious ointment poured upon the head of the Master, and He accepts them with the pledge that they shall not be lost. It were almost a sacrilege to write a name upon our pages by way of eulogy which the Master himself has pronounced with honor before His angels: “Thou hast been faithful over a very little.” “Enter thou into the joy of thy Lord.”

And He still sits over against the treasury, noting not alone the widow’s mite, but the larger gifts of those who give, if not abundantly, yet out, of their abundance.

GRADATIONS, NATURAL AND HELPFUL.

Can civilization reach the state of nature, that state which God meant for it, until men know how to divide society equally, from top to bottom? I do not mean by this that there will ever come a time when two will not be more than one, when four will not be more than two, and when eight will not be more than four; I do not mean that we shall ever see the time when there will not be gradations in society from the top to the bottom—gradations of power, gradations of intelligence, gradations of wealth, gradations of refinement; but there is to be in society just that which exists in households—namely, a disposition, that runs from the top to the bottom, of love and sympathy; and when you have so stratified society, and organized it, and made every member of it, from the lowest to the highest, feel, “My brother above me is pulling me up higher,” we shall begin to realize our true relation, and fulfil our appointed duty one to another. When in society it is as it is on the sides of mountains, where men, being helped by those who are above them, turn round and help those who are below them, and go on a few steps and again are helped by those that are above them, and again help those that are below them, and so on until they reach the top, then gradation will not be an evil. Gradation is now an evil because 140 there is a stratum of prosperity, and a thick slice of selfishness; then another stratum of prosperity, and a thicker slice of selfishness; and so on, selfishness growing thicker and thicker as you go toward the bottom. It has got to be broken up. The low places, the valleys, have got to be exalted, the mountains have got to be brought down, and men have got to mix and coalesce. In other words, the day has got to come when that simple sentence, a million times repeated, and a million times not understood, shall be fulfilled, and love to God and love to man shall be the law of the universe, and of universal conditions. We have got to come to it first or last.—Christian Union.

ITEMS FROM THE FIELD.

N. C., Lassiter’s Mills.—“The church is greatly revived; six converts this week, and many more seeking the Lord.”

N. C., Raleigh.—“The revival still goes on. There have been over 200 conversions since Mr. Brown left us, and many are still anxious. There are revival meetings in every colored church in the city every night without the least rivalry. We have twenty-two converts in our church already.”

S. C., Charleston.—“Miss Wells has organized a Band of Hope with forty members, and there seems to be a good deal of enthusiasm. The church has fixed on the 3d Sunday in April as the day for a renewal of the covenant. The officers are now visiting every member, urging them to come forward to renew their church pledge.”

Ga., McIntosh, Liberty Co.—Mr. Snelson writes: “Our communion season held yesterday was highly enjoyed by all. Six persons united with the church. Four were promising young men. Two of the candidates came out from Baptist families and were baptized by immersion.”

Ga., Woodville.—Mr. Sengstacke writes: “I have been preaching every night for six weeks. Our Sunday night meetings are crowded, and the unconverted people are becoming alarmed. I am now reaching the very class I have been longing after for some time—the young people. In February I baptized two young people, in March three, and last night one young woman professed conversion. Our Sunday night contributions are increasing. We are having the church repainted on the inside, and are trying to raise money for additional seats. We cannot seat the people. Last Sunday night many turned away, because we had no room.”

Ala., Florence.—Easter-Sunday was observed in an impressive manner. The new church was full.

Ky., Berea.—Some persons have here recently professed faith in Christ, and others are inquiring. 141

THE FREEDMEN.
REV. JOS. E. ROY, D. D.,
FIELD SUPERINTENDENT, ATLANTA, GA.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Lincoln Mission.
REV. SIMON P. SMITH, WASHINGTON.

A great deal has been said recently about the Lincoln Mission in the District of Columbia, and probably many would like to hear how the work is progressing.

There is a very large Sunday-school at this mission, and has been for several years. The teachers come from Dr. Rankin’s church, more than fifty of them, and manifest great enthusiasm. The school averages about three hundred scholars, and on some occasions, during the cold weather, we had more than four hundred.

The majority of these children come from the poorest and most illiterate colored families in the city. They have good training in the day-schools, but bad home influences. Their parents do not bring them up as they should, hence they are very rude. There is much need of a lady missionary here to teach the mothers of these children how to make homes happy.

It is said that there are about sixty thousand colored people in the city, and from the appearance of loiterers standing on the streets, there must be twenty thousand out of employment. Idleness is the mother of mischief, and what an opportunity such people have to enter into temptation! Some of the parents of the children who come to the Lincoln Mission are among these idlers.

These children are very poorly dressed; they scarcely have sufficient clothing to keep them warm. We hold prayer-meeting with them every Wednesday evening, and we find it very difficult to keep them away from the stove. This seems to indicate that they have but little fire at home. We are always glad to have it cold on Wednesday evenings, for, then, we are sure of a good audience; and we can tell them about the words of eternal life. Many desire to be prayed for, and we believe that some of them love the Lord Jesus.

General O. O. Howard was with us recently, and addressed the children. While he was speaking, his words were so full of sympathy and love that he held the attention of the rudest class of boys in the city for more than an hour. The sheep know the shepherd’s voice—even the lambs. We know that he loves our nation, because he built us this synagogue, and we love him because he loves us. He is, indeed, a true philanthropist.

NORTH CAROLINA.

Wilmington.

In place of a report from our teachers at this place, we are happy to substitute a letter from a visitor from the North who happened to reach Wilmington in time for the examinations. We have yet to hear of the first visitor who has not become an enthusiastic friend of our work. We do not wish a general decline in health among our friends, but we do wish that all visitors to the South would make themselves acquainted with this work.

REPORT BY A VISITOR.

Returning with my friend from our winter’s stay in Florida, we embraced the opportunity to stop in Wilmington, and visit Mr. and Mrs. Dodge, and 142 see their work among the colored people. We arrived the day previous to the exhibition which was to close the winter’s term of school. Friday evening, March 26, at 8 o’clock, we repaired to the pleasant hall of the building, where were gathered over a hundred bright, interesting-looking boys and girls between the ages of five and eighteen, well and neatly clad, and a fine looking audience of expectant parents and friends, who filled the room to its utmost capacity. The exercises were opened with singing by the school, one of the ladies presiding most creditably at the organ.

Then followed responsive reading from the Bible, led by Miss Warner, and a prayer of thankfulness, by Mr. Dodge, for the possibilities now opened to this once oppressed race. After devotions came recitations, declamations, and dialogues, interspersed with music, in which all participated, and the exercises from beginning to end were conducted with a correctness and order that would have done credit to any white school in the North. One of the pleasantest features of the evening was the representation of the re-united States, in which each scholar appeared wearing upon his or her shoulder the name of one of the States, and repeating some appropriate motto or watch-word. When all were gathered on the platform the Goddess of Liberty took her place in the center, waving the stars and stripes as they sang the “Star-Spangled Banner.”

I only wish more friends in the North could have seen in their faces, and heard from their lips, the pride and gratitude which these parents are already finding in the education of their children. Sunday morning we attended service in the same hall, where Mr. Dodge conducted the exercises much as he would those of a church at home, with singing, responsive reading, and an exposition of the Scripture appropriate to Easter. At two o’clock Miss Farrington, who has this year joined the Home in the capacity of a missionary, gathered in one of the lower rooms for instruction, what she calls her mission school, made up of those outside the church. At three, a large Sunday-school came together in the hall, and after devotions were assigned to their respective teachers for work.

Again, in the evening Mr. Dodge presented Paul and his strivings to a company of attentive listeners. No one can realize, who has not been on the ground, the sacrifice and labors of this little band of workers, who are so completely isolated by prejudice from their own people, and are giving up everything to the elevation of this unfortunate people. One of the saddest things about the work is the lack of means to accommodate those who would be glad to avail themselves of the advantages of this school. If we at the North could only see how small would be our largest gifts compared with those of these teachers, should we not do much more?

Raleigh.

Reverend George E. Smith sends an account of the refreshing, and in every way helpful labors of Reverend Henry E. Brown, during a few weeks’ visit to the churches of Raleigh. It will be remembered that Rev. Mr. Brown was connected with our work at Talladega, where, by his devoted and earnest labors, not only as Pastor and Professor of Theology, but as a missionary to the regions about, he established a number of churches and did much to ensure their success. He is now in the employ of the colored Y. M. C. Association of Raleigh, and is visiting the churches of the South under its auspices.

He reached Raleigh at noon on the 9th of February, and with characteristic zeal had visited every colored pastor of the city before night, and arranged for a meeting held that evening in the Congregational Church, which was crowded to 143 overflowing. Three delegates of the Y. M. C. A., white, were present, and after hearing Bro. Brown’s plan of operations, cordially endorsed them, and proffered their assistance in carrying them out. Meetings for workers were held in the afternoon of each day; from this those who co-operated in the work went out to prayer-meetings in different parts of the city, and in the evening general meetings were held in the various churches.

Bro. Smith adds: There is now a revival going on in every colored church in the city, and we really feel that it is a revival of religion, not mere excitement.

Since Brother Brown came in our midst, over one hundred souls have been born into the kingdom of Christ. Many of the Sunday-school scholars have been led to reflect, and to accept the Saviour as their great head and teacher. Brother Brown’s labors among us have been a blessing to all. One minister said the other day, “My people have more religion than they used to have.” When asked why he thought so, he replied, “Because they are living better.”

It may be gratifying to the many friends of our little church to know that we have shared in this great blessing. At our next communion season, which is the first Sabbath in April, we expect a glorious time, as ten persons have already made application to unite with us at that time. There may be more, as there are many anxious ones who meet with us every night inquiring the way of salvation. Since Brother Brown left, we have still carried on the meetings.

ALABAMA.

CONFERENCE OF CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES.

A Full and Delightful Meeting—Abundant and Most Courteous Hospitality of the Citizens.

BY MISS A. E. SAWYER.

The fifth annual meeting of the Alabama Conference was held, beginning Saturday evening, March 27th, and closing on the evening of the 30th, at Selma, a city noted for wide streets, beautiful trees, and pleasant homes. Rev. C. B. Curtis assured us of a hearty welcome from the church, which had long been anticipating this meeting, and Rev. O. W. Fay, of Montgomery, followed with the opening sermon, upon Christian activity.

The sermon on Sabbath morning, by President DeForest, upon the power of the Gospel, was given in concise, terse language, and when, at the close, he pictured the scene at the last day, when Christ should receive the redeemed from all kindreds and nations, the “amens” from many hearers testified that their hearts had been touched.

The children’s service in the afternoon opened with an earnest address, by Prof. Ellis, upon temperance, followed by Mr. Y. B. Sims, upon the same subject.

Dr. Roy preached in the morning in the First Presbyterian Church, and at night, Pres. DeForest filled the same pulpit, both to the edification of the hearers, as we judge from various remarks of the members. The fame of the morning sermon came from thirty miles “out in the country,” and one good man said of the other preacher, “he ought to be an evangelist; we want to get him away from you.” The prayer-meetings were full of interest.

Pastors and delegates from the fifteen churches were present. Some spoke of special religious interest, others of neighborhood prayer-meetings, one of a pastor’s class for brother ministers, some of farms recently purchased to be carried on by different members for the benefit of church or school; and various plans for the uplifting of the people showed that the pastors of these little churches are thinking and working, as one of their own members said, “still holding on, though there are discouragements.” 144

Dr. Roy presented the “Past, present and future work of the A. M. A.” in an able address, and those who have long taken part in this work were thrilled as they heard what had been done, and realized the magnitude of the work still before them. Through the providence of God, the Dark Continent was to be made light by the labors of men and women trained in these schools of the South. We are not only home missionaries, but, through our pupils, foreign missionaries. The fact that Prof. Silsby is the son of a foreign missionary of Siam, gave additional interest to his discourse on “The duty of the churches to foreign missions.”

One interesting feature of the Conference was the number and variety of the papers by the students and pastors trained in the Theological Department of Talladega College. Though greatly regretting the unavoidable absence of Prof. Andrews, who has never before missed one of these gatherings, all felt that he was well represented by his students—his boys, as they like to call themselves.

The discussion, “Shall our ministers encourage the Exodus?” by Rev. P. J. McEntosh, must not be passed by in silence; for whatever were the opinions of the audience as to the propriety of bringing forward such a question at such a time, all must have been moved by the eloquence of the speaker as he rapidly enumerated the disadvantages of the colored people of the South.

The third annual meeting of the Woman’s Missionary Association, conducted by Miss Adams, of Montgomery, was one of exceeding interest. Reports from Selma, Marion, Montgomery, Mobile, and Talladega told of lively working societies of the women and girls. The work was much the same in all. Mothers’ meetings, Bible readings, visitations of the sick, sewing-schools for the girls, all are helps in this work of lifting up the women of the South. Miss Hardy’s paper on “The word as a means of success in our work,” by its apt quotations and earnest Christian spirit, touched all hearts. A letter from Mrs. Ash, of Florence, who was educated in one of the A. M. A. schools, was received with much interest, and the manner in which it treated the question, “How shall we inspire a spirit of womanhood in our young women and girls?” highly commended. The whole spirit of the meeting showed that this subject was uppermost in the hearts of the workers, and that they realized that the colored women must be helped in their homes, if we would reach the entire community.

The Conference, after hearing an account of the meeting, passed a resolution expressing great interest in it, and approving the advance step connecting it with the new Home Missionary Association.

Time will not allow even a passing notice of many excellent addresses, but we must note a capital one on temperance by Judge Saffold, of Selma, considering the question in its legal aspect.

Tuesday night we assembled for the last time, and listened to an eloquent missionary sermon by Mr. Crawford, followed by the celebration of the Lord’s supper, Pres. DeForest and Dr. Roy officiating. It was a tender, solemn service, the most precious of the week. Then came the farewells, and we separated, feeling thankful for the privileges we had so much enjoyed.

The meetings were marked by large attendance, and are spoken of as unusually interesting.

We must not fail to mention the hospitality of the people of Selma, particularly of the Presbyterian Church. They received us most cordially, attended many of the exercises, expressing much interest in what they heard, and greatly cheered us by their Christian courtesy. 145

ALABAMA SUNDAY-SCHOOL CONVENTION.

Young Man with Backbone—Refreshing Gathering.

PROF. GEO. N. ELLIS, TALLADEGA.

We have just returned from the Fifth Annual Conference of the Congregational Churches of Alabama and the first meeting of the State Sunday-school Association held at Selma.

This Association was organized only last year at Montgomery, so this was our first gathering. We had a glorious, a soul-stirring time. The Convention opened Friday evening, March 26th, with a sermon by President DeForest of Talladega.

I summarize reports as follows:

Thirteen schools were represented by delegates, four by written reports, one by letter; their aggregate shows over thirteen hundred teachers and scholars in attendance, seventeen hundred volumes in libraries, one hundred and eighty dollars raised, and one hundred conversions. This does not include the schools taught by our students through the summer, although they are really a part of our work. This brief sentence gives no idea of the interest with which these reports were given and received, or of the amusing or touching incidents connected with the giving.

Mission Schools.—It will not do to pass these by unnoticed. It is marvelously surprising how quickly the love of Christ, once received into their own hearts, inspires this people to go out and seek for others.

We have three such schools about Talladega. Selma and Mobile report one each. Childersburg has a county association.

The superintendent of the mission school at Selma gave an interesting account of his experience in organizing and conducting it. By the way, he is the young man recently mentioned in the Advance, who refused a position, worth $25 per month, in a store, because whiskey was sold there, which he might sometimes have to handle. It takes moral backbone in this country to stand up for temperance. I learned something of this young man’s history. He is making every effort to educate himself and at the same time partially supports a widowed mother with her large family. He will make his mark in the world; moreover, what he is as to character is largely due to the faithful efforts of a patient teacher.

A large number of visitors were present; among them Rev. Mr. Woodsmall, Principal of the Baptist School at Selma, and others, many of whom favored us with short addresses, which were spirited, enthusiastic and pointed.

We feel that we may fairly call our first convention a success in numbers, exercises, interest and results.

Busy Days—Health-talks—“Major Ann.”

MISS M. J. ADAMS, MONTGOMERY.

It often seems as if our work grew upon our hands, so that we have no time to tell about it; with our nearly 400 pupils, with all the cases of discipline that must arise, with interviews with parents and visits to their homes, in addition to the full hours of school given to instruction; then the school prayer-meetings, the special meetings for Bible study, the Young Men’s Association of the school—a condition of membership of which is a pledge to abstain from the use of tobacco,—and the semi-monthly meeting of the Woman’s Missionary Society, which we have of late devoted to “Health-talks.”

At our last meeting I sent an invitation to the mothers of our pupils to come to the school-room on Monday at four o’clock. A large number responded, and we gave them such instruction as we could, regarding things they so much need to know for themselves, their children, and their homes. The women listened earnestly, and begged for another meeting of the kind. 146

We set apart a portion of the day of prayer for colleges for appropriate exercises, and had a solemn meeting. Since that day, some have been seeking Jesus. Our hearts are specially cheered with the evident sincerity of two promising young men, who, we trust, are now entering upon the new life.

We have a weekly school prayer-meeting, and meet on Tuesday nights such pupils as we think will be specially helped in a small social meeting.

I must tell you a little about “Aunt Ann,” a member of my Sunday-school class, who has just died. She was in many respects a remarkable woman. Of a giant frame, of strong practical common sense, an imperious will, a contentious and often a bitter spirit, her life full of tribulation, it was, indeed, a warfare. She was quite a politician, and very fond of public speaking, so that she was known throughout the city, by both the white and colored people, as “Major Ann.”

She had learned to read in her old age, and had a great love for the word of God. She always had her Bible by her in her market-stall, and never failed of being in her place in the class, with her lesson well learned, and at every Sunday-school concert or Christmas festival she must say her “speech.” During the last of the year I noticed with how much more of a tender and quiet spirit she enjoyed the truths of the lesson, especially those about Heaven. When visited during her long and painful sickness, she always called for the reading of the 5th chapter of Revelation, adding, “Read it right, for I shall know if you make one mistake.” That chapter and the repetition of the twenty-third Psalm were a sure comfort to her in her suffering, poverty, and loneliness.

Major Ann’s dying message to me was, “Meet me in glory; meet me at the first trump.”

KENTUCKY.

The Land and the People—The Work at McKee.

REV. E. P. FAIRCHILD, BEREA.

A stranger passing through many portions of the mountains of Kentucky would probably regard it as a waste, howling wilderness, with no signs of habitation, save now and then the crow of a chicken or bark of a dog off in some hollow. This is owing to a custom the people have of settling away from the public roads. Then, too, the highways often follow a narrow ridge, or deep valley, where there would be but little room for building. The indication of a near residence is a path leading off from the road, or possibly you may see a corn-field on a distant hill-side. But the heavy timber and thick underbrush generally obstruct the view.

The people, as a class, take but little pride in good or comfortable houses. One often has to get quite near before he can see them, so small are they, and so much the color of the timber, being made of logs or poles. A person is regarded as “having a plenty” when he owns a good saddle-horse or two, a pistol, a milch cow, a few shoats, domestic fowls, and crop enough to last him through the year. The idea is that man lives but a short time; he should be satisfied with enough to eat and wear; that death, in a sense, destroys his individuality; that one star doesn’t differ from another in glory; that “in much wisdom is much grief,” and “what profit hath a man of all his labor which he taketh under the sun?” Be contented without knowledge, orchards and vineyards. What reason have we for improving on the condition of our parents? Of course, there are exceptions to those who hold these sentiments; and if their prophets and priests had not promulgated these ideas, to keep them from becoming wise above their instructors, probably none would have cherished them; for it would be hard 147 to find a people with as little knowledge and culture, who are so honest, genial, frank, and ready to receive instruction as they are. The trouble is, they have been neglected. The Southern aristocracy have little sympathy, and do not know what it is to reach a helping hand to the needy, though they are regarded as very hospitable. The benevolent people of the North and East are absorbed in aiding the growing West.

But let us go to the church. There is no bell to ring, though a bell would sound beautifully among those hills and valleys. There is no time-piece but the sun, and often no church or school-house to enter; a private house or an arbor is sufficient, if there is a spring near by. It is surprising to see the number that gather when there are so few signs of habitations. All are very attentive, and seem anxious to learn, save a few roughs, who gather at a distance, provided with whiskey and pistols, ready to quell any fuss that may chance to arise. Those who read the Bible and Almanac at all generally read them very much, and are ready to quote Scripture, but are less gifted in its construction and application; and if they chance to get hold of any other reading, they are apt to become very familiar with it, reading it over several times. They are not afraid to sing loud, whether they know the song or not.

It is not one of their principles to give, unless it be a good meal of bread, hog-meat and gravy. Many are not able, and none have been taught, to give. Some hardly know how to account for the fact that other people give to them.

The people might be divided into two classes—either “in all things too religious,” or “full of fornication and drunkenness, with feet swift to shed blood.” The hills rock-ribbed, the quiet valleys with moss-covered stones, clear flowing brooks and running ivy, are not adapted to engender lukewarmness. A talented man is apt to be a preacher or desperado—sometimes both.

About four or five months ago I made my first visit to McKee, the county seat of Jackson Co., Ky. I found a small village having a court-house, jail, poor-house, two or three hotels, about the same number of stores, several dwellings, and a small school-house, but no church. It lies in a small basin-shaped hollow, with high hills on all sides. On public days, citizens may be seen pouring in from every valley until the streets are flooded with people, and some of the people flooded with whiskey.

On inquiry, I found they had no Sunday-school, and preaching, perhaps, only once in two or three months, when a circuit rider might chance to be passing. I immediately helped them to the organization of a Sunday-school, and made an appointment to preach there every other Saturday and Sunday through the winter. I have met the appointments, and we now have a Sunday-school with a membership of over seventy-five, with a good library and lesson papers. A Temperance Society has been organized with over five hundred members. The Saturday and Sunday meetings are regularly attended, and the people are now very anxious that a suitable building should be erected for school and church purposes. A subscription of over five hundred dollars has already been raised by the citizens of McKee, and as soon as a thousand dollars can be obtained from some benevolent source, we shall lay the foundation for something permanent. 148

AFRICA.

EXTRACT FROM A LETTER FROM PROF. CHASE.

Jos. Smith preached this morning a good plain sermon upon “The Way of Life.” He had to speak through an interpreter, but got along nicely. The congregation was a strange one. Only two of the women had hats. Most of them wore turbans made of striped handkerchiefs, wound around in artistic styles.

During the services a tithing-man passed around, a cane in hand, keeping the children in order, and waking up those inclined to drowsiness.

Avery Station.—This is rather a pleasant spot. The river makes three bends here, and the mission house is so placed, that from the front veranda we get a view about half a mile up and down the stream, of water, rocks and green, the thick growth of trees, bushes and vines, most of the way coming down to the water’s edge, and at some points dipping into it. The yard is surrounded by a low well-kept hedge, sprinkled with little pink blossoms. In front are cocoa-nut trees, with their clumps of yellowish green nuts encircling the trunks about twenty feet from the ground; an orange tree, a cinnamon tree with its dark green fragrant leaves, and several pretty shrubs of various kinds. Beyond the hedge, on a point sloping toward the river, is the coffee “farm” (of three acres) covered with trees about four feet high, looking very much like pear trees. In the rear is a clump of banana trees with a few bunches of unripe fruit. In the distance is the mill, whose irregular roof of bamboo is looked down upon from the veranda. Nearer by is the chapel, an unpretentious yellow structure with a school-room in the basement. The house is one-story, raised several feet above the ground, having a wide veranda on three sides, and containing six comfortable rooms, besides kitchen, &c.

Mr. Jackson is pastor of the church; Mr. Anthony, from Berea, has charge of the mill and farm; and Rev. Mr. Jowett, a native, educated at Sierra Leone, teaches the school, and acts as interpreter. In the family are ten little children who are just beginning to talk in English, and work about the house and grounds. The plateful or platefuls of rice the little things can put away is astonishing. The smallest one will eat as much as can be piled on a dining-plate.

[Editorial Note.—A son of the Mr. Jowett, referred to in the above letter, has just landed in this country, on his way to Fisk University. Believing that he is to figure in the future history of missions in Africa, we give a brief sketch of him, and a glimpse at life in an African village, prepared by himself. This will be found in the juvenile department. Just here we wish to say that Albert Miller shows his appreciation of a liberal education and also his devotion to his divine Master, two things very hopeful in a missionary. He found this young man helpful as a Christian, and useful as an interpreter, and believing he would make a good missionary, he has sent him to his Alma Mater, and authorized the Association to pay his expenses out of his own small salary. When such a spirit of self-denial and thorough consecration characterizes the church, we shall have no trouble either in getting or maintaining teachers and missionaries.

We wish also to say that this is a most hopeful movement; that of the emancipated Christian and cultured African, with a constitution which enables him to live there, going back with the blessings of the Gospel to his fatherland; and that 149 of the native, fully acquainted with the language of that people, rescued from paganism, to this country for Christian education. The meaning of slavery, under the Divine administration, is beginning to unfold itself.]

THE INDIANS.

INDIAN BOYS AT HAMPTON.

MISS ISABEL B. EUSTIS.

Mr. Hall’s account in the February Missionary of the departure of his Fort Berthold boys for Hampton, was a vivid picture to us who welcomed them here. We could almost see them bidding a sad good-bye to their friends, waving their blankets from the deck of the boat, and sympathized with their consciousness that they had “a long way to go, and a long time to stay, and it would be hard.”

We wish the friends, who bade them good-bye that cold October morning, could see them to-day. If they could hear their quick and intelligent replies in the school-room, and watch them at their trades, we think they would recognize the record which the new thoughts and self-control of the year have left on their faces, and would feel that they have already gone a long way and a good one.

Almka (White Wolf), would show them the blue farm-cart of which he is rather shyly proud, because he made it, wheels and all, with his own hands. White Breast would lay down the doors of a new wardrobe, he is finishing neatly, and Karunach would come from mending shoes, to tell them about Hampton, till their ideas out-stripped their tongues, and the old Indian sign-language came to the rescue. I think E-cor-rup-ta-ha would stop a minute, with a nonchalant air, to polish lovingly the big Corliss engine, before he shook hands even with them. Laughing Face and Ka-what would tell them how much they have made of the new carriage-house, the Indians are building. Tom Smith would throw away his plane, and meet them with a joke and his merry boyish laugh; and little Ara-hotch-kish would look up from his painting, with a quick shy glance of welcome, going straight to the warmest place they have saved in their hearts. Most of our Indians have gained a sufficient command of English to receive any idea which can be put in simple words; and if any reader of the Missionary is troubled with ennui or thinks of searching for a new sensation, I advise him to come to Hampton, and try telling the old children’s stories to Indians. Even Washington’s little worn-out hatchet gets a new sharp edge. Columbus on his voyage of discovery is followed with a slightly incredulous but intense interest, and all the Bible record reveals again a new force and fire.

Imagine telling the story of David and Goliath for the first time to a school full of Indian boys and girls. The room is breathlessly still. Only kindling eyes and fixed attention show that the courage of the shepherd boy for his unequal contest, his cool disregard of his brother’s scoffs, his disdain of Saul’s armor and spear, his dauntless confidence in God, are meeting, one by one, a hearty response in the minds of the boys, a more timid one from the girls. Scarcely a suppressed Indian grunt or guttural disturbs the narrative, till the first slung-stone lodges fairly in the giant’s forehead, when little Ta-ta-ton-ka-skah on the back seat forgets all traditions of Indian stoicism, jumps about a foot in the air, and claps his hands in an ecstasy of delight.

The bell rings, and the scholars must go to their classes, and fight their own 150 giants, strong ones, that will by no means down at the first blow. May God bless every one, and grant them His faith, and courage, and patience, till “little by little” their enemies shall be driven out.

THE CHINESE.

“CALIFORNIA CHINESE MISSION.”

Auxiliary to the American Missionary Association.

President: Rev. J. K. McLean, D. D. Vice-Presidents: Rev. A. L. Stone, D. D., Thomas C. Wedderspoon, Esq., Rev. T. K. Noble, Hon. F. F. Low, Rev. I. E. Dwinell, D. D., Hon. Samuel Cross, Rev. S. H. Willey, D. D., Edward P. Flint, Esq., Rev. J. W. Hough, D. D., Jacob S. Taber, Esq.

Directors: Rev. George Mooar, D. D., Hon. E. D. Sawyer, Rev. E. P. Baker, James M. Haven, Esq., Rev. Joseph Howell, Rev. John Kimball, E. P. Sanford, Esq.

Secretary: Rev. W. C. Pond. Treasurer: E. Palache, Esq.

A CHAPTER OF ITEMS.

Chinese New-Year’s.—Our Chinese brethren observed their national New-Year’s festival very happily, in their usual Christian way. With great pleasure do I remember my visit to the very comfortable head-quarters which our Oakland brethren have established. It is a two-story house, very neatly furnished with whatever is necessary to a Christian home, except that the male sex alone is represented there. It bears witness to the strength of the home impulse in Chinese hearts, such of them, at least, as have been touched by the love of Christ, and shows how soon—if only these immigrants were treated as others are—Christian homes, in the full sense of that good word, would spring into existence among them. When I reached the house, the rooms were already full of Chinese, and their teachers and friends. After greetings were over and refreshments tasted, several hymns were sung, and then I spoke to them of the “new commandment” which our Saviour gave us, and led them in prayer. Just as I was leaving, Rev. Dr. McLean, their pastor, entered with other friends. Before I had gone far, I met Rev. Mr. Condit, a Presbyterian missionary among the Chinese, on his way to the same place. And thus with greetings and exhortations, and good counsel and prayer, the day passed away. At our Central Mission House and the Bethany Home in this city, similar exercises were held, at which the same duty of brotherly love—for us “the lesson of the hour”—was pressed on their attention, and made the object of earnest and united prayer—prayer to which I, at length, see the beginning of a glad response.

Of this same festival, as observed at Sacramento, Mrs. Carrington writes: “The rooms were very tastefully decorated, and called forth much praise from the many who called. The scholars began the week by holding prayer-meetings; and during the week, as friends called, much of the time was spent in prayer and song. At a union meeting on Thursday evening, Dr. Dwinell was present and spoke to them.” Similar reports come from Stockton, Santa Barbara, etc. This festival calls, of course, for a few days of vacation in the schools, and involves a temporary diminution in attendance, but, in my view, the religious uses to which it can be put, amply compensate for any inconveniences it may involve.

Additions to the Churches.—Two of our pupils at Santa Barbara were baptized and received to the Congregational Church in that city, at its last 151 communion. Three are expecting to be baptized and received to the Congregational Church at Sacramento, and seven to Bethany Church, San Francisco, at their April communions. Let me quote Mrs. Carrington once more: “I cannot tell you how my heart has sometimes been thrilled with joy at the faithfulness of those so recently brought out from darkness into the marvelous light. If people all through the land could know what devoted Christiana many of them are, they would feel condemned, as I do, for their own unfaithfulness.”

The Barnes School.—Dea. and Mrs. Simeon Hackley, who have so long and so usefully conducted the Barnes Mission School, have found that other cares, that cannot be thrown off, make it impossible for them longer to continue in the work. Both of them have been engaged in it steadily for nearly six years. Dea. H., a graduate of Hamilton College, having been forced by a disease of the eyes to suspend study at the Union Theological Seminary, and thus to give up his hope of becoming a foreign missionary, carried into secular life the missionary spirit. What he hoped for thus in youth, he found at length in this work, and to him and his like-minded wife have many souls been given as seals of their service here.

It is a real blessing that Mrs. C. A. Sheldon, who so successfully conducted the Bethany School for several years, has been restored to health, and, with the assistance of her daughter, is able to fill this vacant place. The school is growing in size and interest, and, we may hope, will be as useful in the future as it has been in the past.

Oroville Once More.—Miss Waterbury, from Oroville, gives an interesting account of some “great idol Masonic festival,” which occupied the last week of February in the Chinese quarter of that town. She says: “Crowds of people have come in from the country for miles around, dark and rough-looking, many of them. There were processions, day after day, in which I recognized some of our scholars walking. Some of the forms were tall and fine as you will ever see. They carried a huge monster, serpent or dragon of unearthly hideousness, designed to keep away the evil spirits. At their temple there was an unceasing din of cymbals and gongs, with the firing of crackers and bombs, and the outlandish shouts of a mob-like throng; and nearly opposite, across the narrow street, stands our humble mission-house, where on the three Sabbaths previous, Lee Haim had preached, at eleven o’clock, to a room-full of his countrymen. On the Saturday and Sunday evenings of this festival, the Chinese crowded in so that we dismissed school, and Lee Haim preached and sung to them in Chinese. Every seat and every standing-place was filled. They wanted to hear. I am sure some poor, dark minds got a little Gospel truth for the first time, and, with some of them, all they will ever hear until the revelations of the future world shall be made to their astonished vision. It was soul-inspiring to see the earnestness and energy with which he threw his whole soul into the work, and even more so, to see all the eyes, and ears, and mouths open to catch the new and strange things of which the preacher spoke. I could not understand a word, but I was refreshed in spirit and made stronger by it.” Of course, this crowd no longer hangs upon the word. In two or three days, most of them scattered to their little mining camps, and the school resumed its comparatively diminutive proportions. But God’s word will not return to Him void; and while we know not which shall prosper, either this or that, we know that “he that goeth forth and weepeth, bearing precious seed, shall doubtless return again with rejoicing, bringing his sheaves with him.” 152

CHILDREN’S PAGE.

ALBERT BURTON JOWETT.

I was born, in 1860, in a little town called Mocolo. They have no houses there, but little mud huts covered with thatch. There are no roads, nor horses, nor cows. The people walk, or ride in little canoes on the rivers. Not much work is done. What little clothing they wear is made of native cloths. They have no cradles, and no clothing is needed for their children. My father was away in the country to buy rice for the Mendi Mission, and was taken prisoner a little before I was born. The town was destroyed and the inhabitants killed, but my father’s life was spared. He was redeemed by Mr. Burton, one of the missionaries, who paid twenty-five shillings, English money, for his release. My father moved to Good Hope when I was quite young, and I attended school and studied the English language.

Not far from the school-house there are groves of limes, pine-apples, plums, and bacon-fire, and the boys amuse themselves by battling each other with limes. The principal holidays are Christmas, New-Year’s and Good Friday. They celebrate Christmas by having a big dance out of doors, lasting all day and often all night. The music is made by beating drums, and by women who sing and clap their hands. The place was lighted through the night by an immense fire in the centre. Pots of rice are cooked, and a sauce made of palm-oil, rice and fish, is served with it. They always have rum and gin, which is supplied them very much more freely than the Gospel. We have no stoves in our country. The fires are built either out of doors or in the corner of the hut. As there are no chimneys, it is sometimes very smoky. The natives have no lamps, but use palm-oil in a dish. For a wick they wrap a piece of cloth around a stick. They have no tables, but sit down around a large mat and eat their food from wooden bowls, making one spoon do for the whole family. On funeral occasions they have a big dance, which they sometimes keep up two or three days. All the people of the village attend, and the nearest relative is expected to furnish all the rum he is able to pay for, and a liberal supply of food, but they have no religious ceremonies. When a big man marries, if he has sufficient money, he keeps up a dance for a week. The missionaries are welcomed, and are doing a great deal to break up these old customs. In 1877, the Rev. Mr. Snelson and two other Freedmen came to our mission, and it was under their instruction that I was urged to give my heart to the Saviour. When Mr. Snelson asked me to try and become a Christian, I told him I couldn’t do it.

He took me to his room and prayed with me, then he called my father, and we all knelt down and he prayed again. He told me to go up to my room and think over the matter. At first I did not know what to do; then I fell down on my knees and prayed; I went to bed and prayed nearly the whole night. The next day I went to see Mr. Snelson, and he spoke to me on the same subject; I told him I felt greatly relieved from the burden of sin, and he prayed with me again that evening. Soon after I connected myself with the church. After Mr. Snelson’s return to America, Rev. Albert Miller, a Freedman from the Fisk University, was my pastor.

Before leaving Africa I acted as interpreter for Mr. Miller, translating his sermons, as he delivered them, into the Mendi language. My father, who has been a native preacher for more than twenty years, is anxious to have missions planted far into the interior, where there are supposed to be two million Mendi people, occupying a country about 7 degrees north latitude. All he could do is to give me up to the work. Among this vast number, there is but one mission at present, and that is conducted by Freedmen from America.

After spending three years in this country, at the Fisk University, it is my purpose to return to Africa, and assist in establishing missions in large villages in the wooded country, far from the coast. I feel that I need your prayers. I have been treated very kindly since I left Africa, and I pray earnestly that I may not disappoint my friends who have assisted me in coming to this country, and who are anxious that I should prepare myself to be a successful missionary in my native land. 153

RECEIPTS
FOR MARCH, 1880.

MAINE, $432.47.
Augusta. Cong. Ch. and Soc., ($30 of which from Barrett Edwards Potter to const. himself L. M.)	$53.56
Bluehill. M. E. Johnson	5.00
Foxcroft and Dover. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	10.00
Hampden. C. E. H.	1.00
Kennebunk. Union Cong. Ch. and Soc.	12.00
Lewiston. Pine St. Cong. Ch.	17.77
Machais. E. G. L. and Mrs. H., 50c. each	1.00
Orono. Cong. Ch.	1.04
Portland. Ladies in Maine, for Lady Missionary, by Mrs. W. E. Gould	300.00
Portland. Nathalie Lord, package, for Rev. A. E. White, Mendi M.
Saco. D. J.	1.00
Saint Albans. Rev. W. S. Sewell, $2; Cong. Ch., $1	3.00
Thomaston. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	5.00
Weld. Rev. D. D. T.	1.00
Wells. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc.	11.10
Winthrop. Isaac N. Metcalf	2.00
York. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.	8.00
NEW HAMPSHIRE, $159.68.
Bristol. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	3.95
Concord. Mrs. A. F. and Mrs. C. L. G., 60c. each	1.20
Farmington. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	10.90
Francestown. R. G. C.	0.50
Hanover. Dartmouth Religious Soc.	25.00
Hillsborough Bridge. Mrs. J. G. and Mrs. N. T., $1 each	2.00
Hinsdale. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	9.60
Lancaster. Mrs. A. M. Amsden	5.00
Lebanon. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.	17.25
Manchester. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.	58.73
Marlborough. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	15.05
Meridian. Mrs. Lucia Wells	5.00
New Ipswich. “Hillside Gleaners’ Sewing Circle,” by Carrie B. Wilson, Treas.	5.00
Petersborough. A. M. C.	0.50
VERMONT, $154.93.
Barre. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	10.12
Bradford. Rev. Mrs. and Mrs. Elliot	12.00
Burlington. Third Cong. Ch.	20.00
Chelsea. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	20.00
Clarendon. Mrs. N. J. Smith	5.00
Danville. Cong. Sab. Sch.	10.00
Essex. L. C. B.	1.00
Ludlow. Mrs. L. H. C.	1.00
Lyndonville. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	5.00
Northfield. O. D. E.	1.00
Royalton. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Soc., for Student Aid, Atlanta U.	17.97
Sharon. Mrs. A. F. and Miss S. P. F., $1 each	2.00
West Dummerston. A. B. B.	1.00
Weston. Mrs. S. A. Sprague and Lucy P. Bartlett, $2 each	4.00
West Rutland. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	22.84
West Westminster. Elvira M. Gorham	2.00
—— “A Friend”	20.00
MASSACHUSETTS, $4,869.39.
Amherst. Girls’ Prayer Meeting, by Mrs. Mary H. Scott, $30.05, for Student Aid, Fisk U.;—First Cong. Ch., $25	55.05
Andover. Calvin E. Goodell	25.00
Ashland. Mrs. Mary F. Cutler	5.00
Attleborough. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc.	30.00
Beechwood. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	1.31
Boston. Old South Cong. Ch. and Soc., $574.76; Miss R. A. F., 50c.; F. W., 50c.	575.76
Boston Highlands. H. W. T.	0.50
Bradford. Ladies’ Bible Class, bbl. C.
Brimfield. First Cong. Sab. Sch.	$10.00
Brockton. Mrs. I. N.	0.50
Cambridgeport. Pilgrim Cong. Ch., $581.54; N. H., 50c.	582.04
Charlemont. First Ch.	3.00
Chester. Second Cong. and Soc.	6.00
Clinton. First Evan Ch. and Soc.	75.00
Danvers. Mrs. S. S.	1.00
Dedham. Allyn Cong. Ch. and Soc. for Chinese M.	16.54
Dorchester. Mrs. Susan Collins	2.00
East Charlemont. Cong. Ch.	13.75
East Longmeadow. Cong. Ch.	22.00
East Medway. Ladies of First Ch., B. of C. and 25c., for freight	0.25
Essex Co. “Howard,” for Chapel at Wilmington, N. C.	2,000.00
Fall River. First Cong. Ch., $84.04; M. E., $1	85.04
Feeding Hills. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	7.81
Franklin. Peter Adams	2.00
Georgetown. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.	25.90
Grafton. Evan. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	28.78
Grantville. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	11.26
Greenfield. Jeanette Thompson	5.00
Greenwich Village. Daniel Parker	5.00
Groton. Union Ch. and Soc., $83, and Sab. Sch., $17; Elizabeth Farnsworth, $20; “Mother and Daughter” (of which $5 ea. for Chinese and Indian M.) $20	140.00
Groveland. Mrs. M. A. R.	0.50
Holyoke. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc.	15.75
Hyde Park. Mrs. H. W. Bidwell, to const. Mrs. Fisk P. Brewer, L. M	30.00
Jamaica Plain. “A Friend”	4.00
Lee. Cong. Sab. Sch.	75.00
Leominster. Orthodox Cong. Ch. and Soc.	11.42
Lowell. Mrs. A. S. C.	0.50
Lynn. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.	13.00
Mansfield. Orthodox Cong. Ch. and Soc.	18.56
Marblehead. J. J. H. Gregory, large package of flower and vegetable seeds, for Talladega, Ala., and box garden seeds, for Tougaloo, Miss.
Marlborough. T. B. P.	1.00
Medway. J. D. Ellis	100.00
Millbury. Second Cong. Ch. and Soc.	24.00
Montague. Cong. Soc.	6.85
Newbury. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.	24.51
Newburyport. “Friends,” for Student Aid, Talladega C.	10.00
Newton Centre. Mrs. M. B. Furber’s Bible Class, for Student Aid, Atlanta U.	50.00
North Abington. “A Friend,” $15;—One and a half bbl. of C., for Lady Missionary, Nashville, Tenn.	15.00
North Adams. Rev. C. S. S.	1.00
North Amherst. W. L. R.	1.00
Northbridge Centre. Minnie A. Winter	2.00
North Brookfield. Miss Abby W. Johnson, for Student Aid, Fisk U.	25.00
Norton. Trin. Cong. Ch. and Soc. ($30 of which from Mrs. E. B. Wheaton, to const. Mary A. Chapin, L. M.)	39.00
Palmer. Second Cong. Ch.	10.84
Paxton. Mrs. H. O. K. and Mrs. W. B. R., 50c. ea.	1.00
Quincy. Miss Merrill’s Sab. Sch. Class, Cong. Ch.	2.00
Reading. Bethesda Sab. Sch.	25.00
Royalston. Ladies’ Benev. Soc., bbl. of C., for Savannah, Ga.
Sandwich. Mrs. Eliza W. Wells, $5; Mrs. Robert Tobey, $5; Mrs. C. C. P. W., $1; Mrs. L. E. T., $1	12.00154
Saxonville. Cong. Ch. and Soc. (ad’l)	$2.11
Shrewsbury. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	25.00
South Braintree. A. P. W.	1.00
Southbridge. Miss S. R. L.	1.00
South Framingham. G. M. Amsden	5.00
South Hadley Falls. Cong. Ch. and Soc., $20; Fred A. Hayes, $3	23.00
South Natick. Cong. Ch. and Soc., bbl. of C.; Ladies’ Benev. Soc. of Cong. Ch., bbl. of C.
Spencer. Primary Dept. of Cong. Sab. Sch.	7.30
Springfield. Hope Cong. Ch., $13.22; Ira Merrill, $5	18.22
Taunton. Union Ch. and Soc.	21.52
Tewkesbury. “In Memory of Mary,” by F.	10.00
Ware. Cong. Sab. Sch., for Le Moyne Sch., Memphis, Tenn.	25.00
Wareham. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	19.25
Warren. Mrs. Jos. Ramsdell ($5 of which for Chinese M.)	6.00
Watertown. Ladies of Phillips Ch., bbl. of C., for Memphis, Tenn.; Corban Soc., bbl. of C., for Talladega, Ala.
Webster. G. W. F.	1.00
Westborough. Evan. Ch. and Soc. Mon. Con. Coll.	20.21
West Dennis. S. S. C.	1.00
Westfield. First Ch., (“A Friend”) $50; First Cong. Ch. and Soc. $18.74; S. F. S. B., $1	69.74
West Hawley. Cong. Ch.	5.00
West Stockbridge. Village Cong. Ch.	26.94
Whitinsville. Estate of E. W. Fletcher, by Chas. P. Whitin, Ex.	100.00
Williamsburg. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch.	10.00
Wilmington. Mrs. S. Bancroft	6.00
Winchester. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	122.18
Worcester. ——$60 to const. G. Henry Whitcomb and Mrs. Abbie E. Whitcomb, L. M’s; Rev. W. J. White, $1.50;—Mrs. John B. Gough, B. of C., and $1, for freight, for Atlanta U.; T. W. T., $1	90.50
RHODE ISLAND, $1.00.
Newport. D. B. F.	1.00
CONNECTICUT, $4,215.83.
Berlin. Second Cong. Ch.	20.00
Birmingham. Cong. Ch., Coll. $24.76; Wm. E. Downs, $100	124.76
Bridgeport. First Cong. Ch.	91.21
Bristol. “A Friend”	4.00
Chester. Cong. Ch. and Soc., $42.25; Hon. E. C. Hungerford, $30 to const. Cornelia A. Norton, L. M.	72.25
East Hartford. First Cong. Church	20.00
East Windsor. First Cong. Ch. and Soc.	20.00
Enfield. First Cong. Sab. Sch. ($10 of which for Butler school, Hampton, Va.)	13.00
Fair Haven. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	35.00
Franklin. Cong. Ch.	7.00
Georgetown. Cong. Ch.	10.00
Guilford. “A Friend in Third Ch.”	5.00
Hanover. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	24.83
Hartford. Benj. DeForest, $70, for Student Aid, Talladega C.;—Mrs. John Olmsted, $15, for Student Aid, Fisk U.	85.00
Huntington. “A few Friends in Cong. Ch. and Soc.”	6.50
Killingly. Miss E. F. Jencks	5.00
Lebanon. Estate of Miss Betsy Metcalf, by Mary B. Van Tuyl	50.00
Marion. By Rev. L. F. B.	0.50
Morris. H. W.	0.50
Milford. “J. M.,” for books, for Fisk U.	10.00
Naugatuck. Cong. Ch.	100.00
New Britain. First Ch. of Christ, $143.03;—South Ch. Sab. Sch., $50, for Scholarship, Atlanta U.;—“Member So. Cong. Ch.,” (two donations $5 ea.) $10	208.03
New Haven. Estate of Rev. Wm. Patton, D. D., by Wm. L. Patton, Ex.	500.00
New Haven. “A Friend,” $100; Dwight Place Cong. Ch. (of which from Dea. Nelson Hall, $40; Dr. R. Crane, $10) $75	175.00
New London, “First Ch. of Christ”	$50.42
North Guilford. “A Friend,” $5; N. L. C., 50c.	5.50
North Haven. Cong. Ch.	56.12
Norwich. Miss. Ass’n of Second Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., for Student Aid, Atlanta U.	50.00
Plantsville. Cong. Ch., $243.35;—Mrs. E. P. Hotchkiss, $5, for Student Aid, Atlanta U.	248.35
Simsbury. Rev. W. D. McF.	0.60
Thomaston. Cong. Ch.	30.33
Washington. Cong. Ch.	21.07
Waterbury. First Cong. Ch., $141.41; “A Friend,” $30, to const. Israel Holmes, L. M.	171.41
Watertown. John DeForest, for Student Aid, Talladega C.	100.00
Windham. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	14.10
Woodbury. Estate of Fannie Minor, by C. J. Minor, Ex.	62.50
Woodbury. Benj. Fabrique	20.00
Woodstock. Cong. Sab. Sch., to const. Miss Ellen D. Chandler, L. M.	40.35
—— “A Friend”	1,747.50
—— “A Friend”	10.00
NEW YORK, $978.17.
Albany. H. A. Homes, $2;—S. C., $1, for repairs, Talladega C.	3.00
Astoria. C. N. S.	0.50
Brooklyn. Central Cong. Sab. Sch., by Geo. H. Shirley, Chairman of Miss. Com., for support of a Lady Missionary, Charleston, S. C., and to const. Miss Carrie A. Pratt, Mrs. A. S. Fowler, Mrs. L. R. P. Stockton, Mrs. E. D. Griswold, Frederick P. Litchfield, Rev. John L. Scudder, and William C. Hickcok, L. M’s	210.00
Brooklyn. Chas. Wilbur, package Bibles; John H. Anderson, box papers.
Binghamton. Chas. A. Beach	20.00
Black Creek. Cong. Ch., $3; Miss M. T., $1	4.00
Chittenango. Rev. S. W., for Church building, New Iberia, La.	1.00
Clockville. C. K.	1.00
Crown Point. Estate of Mrs. Tryphena Walker, by Rev. A. T. Clarke, to const. Calvin W. Huestis and Dea. N. Madison Clarke, L. M’s	50.00
Dansville. James H. Learned	10.00
Deansville. Miss E. G.	1.00
Franklin. Communion Set, by Rev. I. H. Frazer.
Gilbertsville Academy. Rev. A. Wood, Principal	15.00
Gloversville. Cong. Soc. ($100 of which from Alanson Judson)	114.00
Greenwich. Proceeds of claim on Cong. Ch.	150.00
Hancock. Mrs. A. E. S.	1.00
Honeoye. Cong. Ch.	31.60
Ledyard. Cong. Ch., $27.60; R. H. Waldo, $2	29.60
Leeds. Miss I. E. S.	1.00
Le Roy. Miss Delia A. Phillips, for Woman’s Work for Women	25.00
Little Valley. First Cong. Ch.	2.12
Lockport. H. W. Nichols	20.00
Moravia. First Cong. Ch. and Soc., (ad’l)	1.00
New Hamburgh. S H. S.	0.50
New York. Ladies’ Association of Presb. Memorial Ch., $105, for a Teacher;—Joseph S. Holt, ($10 of which for Berea C.) $20;—By Rev. C. S. Robinson, 54 copies “Songs of Sanctuary;”—American Tract. Soc., Grant of Sunday School Papers, for the Freedmen	125.00
Oneida. S. H. Goodwin, $10; Edward Loomis, $2	12.00
Oswego. “Friends,” by Miss S. Williams, for Girls’ Ind. Sch., Talladega C.	2.00
Oxford. Asso. Presb. Ch. and Soc.	6.97
Parma. Mrs. Ezekiel Clark	5.00
Paris Hill. Cong. Ch.	14.25
Rochester. Mrs. A. E. Albright	5.00
Sherburn. Chas. A. Fuller, $50, for Student Aid, Fisk U.;—Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., $34.63	84.63
Sinclairville. E. C. Preston, $1.50; Mrs. D. T. C., $1; B. W. F., $1; E. W., 50c.	4.00155
Syracuse. Sereno F. King	$5.00
Union Falls. Mrs. Fanny D. Duncan, Francis E. Duncan, and Margaret B. Duncan, $10 ea., to const. Mrs. Fanny D. Duncan, L. M.	30.00
Union Valley. Dr. J. Angel	10.00
West Barre. L. S.	1.00
NEW JERSEY, $329.18.
Bound Brook. Mrs. T. D. V.	1.00
—— “Heart’s Content”	50.00
Jersey City. Sab. Sch. of Tab. Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	20.00
Newark. C. S. Haines	40.00
Orange Valley. Cong. Ch.	68.28
Sayreville. A. B. K.	0.50
Somerville. Mrs. Nicolas Voorhees	2.00
Vineland. Proceeds of Land	147.40
PENNSYLVANIA, $15.00.
Scranton. F. E. Nettleton	15.00
OHIO, $1,460.99.
Castalia. Mrs. I. W. S.	1.00
Claridon. “Cheerful Workers,” Cong. Sab. Sch.	15.00
Cleveland. Estate of Brewster Pelton, by J. G. Jennings, Ex.	1,118.75
Cleveland. Sab. Sch. First Cong. Ch., $30; Miss Bettie Dutton’s Class, $10; Mrs. C. W. Ruggles’ Class, $10, for Student Aid, Fisk U.—M. H. B., 50c.	50.50
Conneaut. Communion Set, by H. E. Pond.
Delaware. N. W. Hodges	2.00
Elyria. F. B. N.	0.50
Fort Recovery. J. F. Collins	6.00
Greenwich Station. Wm. M. Mead	5.00
Kirtland. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	2.65
Madison. Cong. Sab. Sch., for Teacher, Selma, Ala.	20.50
Mansfield. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	25.00
Metamora. Mrs. M. S.	1.00
Oberlin. First Cong. Ch.	40.62
Parkman. J. S. H.	0.50
Ravenna. S. H.	1.00
Rockport. Cong. Ch.	4.00
Sandusky. First Cong. Ch., to const. Mrs. E. Alvord, Elisha D. Ward, Miss Sarah E. Clark, and John M. Farrar, L. M’s.	121.32
Saybrook. Sab. Sch. District No. 3, for Student Aid, Tougaloo U.	15.00
Springfield. First Cong. and Soc.	8.64
Tallmadge. H. W. C.	0.51
Wellington. A. H. A.	1.00
West Williamsfield. Cong. Ch. and Soc.	10.00
Youngstown. Ladies’ Miss. Soc. of Welsh Cong. Ch., $10; J. C., 50c.	10.50
MICHIGAN, $196.38.
Adrian. C. C. Spooner	5.00
Armada. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	11.50
Benzonia. Mrs. L. A. B. C.	1.00
Covert. Ladies’ Miss. Soc., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	12.00
Detroit. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch. $50; Mrs. Z. Eddy, $5; Miss T. Hudson, $4; Mrs. L., $1, for Lady Missionary, Memphis, Tenn.; Miss M. L. Miller, $5	65.00
East Saginaw. Cong. Ch.	32.20
Greenville. Mrs. R. L. Ellsworth, for Student Aid, Fisk U., Tenn.	5.00
Kalamo. Cong. Ch., $3.23; Evans District, $1.27; Mrs. S. E. B., 50c.	5.00
Laingsburg. Cong. Ch.	6.00
Menomonee. Rev. A. W. B.	0.50
Milford. Mrs. M. O.	0.50
New Baltimore. Cong. Sab. Sch.	4.18
Olivet. “A Friend,” $10, for Emerson Inst., $5, for Chinese in Cal., $5, for Indian M., $5, for Camp Nelson, Ky.; Cong. Ch. Mon. Con. Coll., $10.85	35.85
Owosso. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch. for Student Aid, Fisk U., Tenn., $9.15; Mrs. A., $1	10.15
Port Huron. H. W. C.	1.00
South Frankfort. O. B.	$0.50
Union City. Mrs. E. J. H. and Mrs. D. B. W. 50c. ea.	1.00
INDIANA, $6.37.
Dunreith. Mrs. L. M., 37c.; L. M., $1	1.37
New Corydon. George Stoltz	5.00
South Bend. Oliver Plow Co., 3 plows, for Talladega.
ILLINOIS, $1,353.58.
Aurora. First Cong. Ch.	13.87
Bowensburg. Estate of Eliza B. Spencer, by Richard Eells, Ex.	12.00
Bowensburg. Estate of Eliza B. Spencer, $100, by Richard Eells, Ex., incorrectly ack. in March No.
Byron. A. A. Johnson	5.00
Chesterfield. Cong. Ch.	3.00
Chicago. Union Park Cong. Ch., $334.27;—Union Park Cong. Sab. Sch., $50, for Student Aid, Fisk U.;—Lincoln Park Ch., $30, to const. Alfred Goudy, L. M.;—Woman’s Miss. Soc., of Lincoln Park Ch., $20, for Lady Missionary;—Mrs. L. P. R., $1	435.27
Chicago. Estate of Mrs. E. H. Craven, by E. W. Blatchford, Adm’r, for Student Aid, Fisk U.	250.00
Dundee. Mrs. W. D.	1.00
Elgin. Cong. Ch.	13.58
Evanston. First Cong. Ch.	33.94
Galesburg. Sab. Sch. of First Cong. Ch., $50; Mrs. S. R. Holmes, $5, for Student Aid, Fisk U., First Ch. of Christ, $30.05	85.05
Galesburg. Correction.—In March No., Cong. Ch. Sab. Sch., $50, for Student Aid, Fisk U., should read, “Ladies’ Benev. Soc. of First Ch. of Christ.”
Geneseo. Cong. Ch., (ad’l) $45.13; Mrs. E. L. Atkinson, $5	50.13
Griggsville. Cong. Ch.	22.15
Lisbon. Cong. Ch.	10.45
Kewanee. Correction.—In April No., Ladies of Cong. Ch., $57, should read, from Ladies of Cong. Ch., $37; La Moille, Cong. Ch., $20.
Moline. John Deere, $100; Cong. Ch., $60	160.00
Oneida. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	2.40
Ontario. Cong. Ch.	21.55
Ottawa. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	15.00
Peoria. Moses Pettengill, for Student Aid, Fisk U.	15.00
Polo. Bbl. of C., and $1.40, for freight, for Nashville, Tenn.	1.40
Princeton. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	6.75
Rockford. Ladies’ Miss. Soc. of First Cong. Ch., $25; Ladies’ Miss. Soc. of Second Cong. Ch., $25; Miss. Soc. of Female Sem., $10, for Student Aid, Fisk U.	60.00
Streator. Mrs. Ralph Plumb, for Student Aid, Fisk U.	50.00
Sycamore. Sab. Sch. of Cong. Ch., for Student Aid, Fisk U.	50.00
Toulon. Cong. Ch.	11.00
Waukegan. Rev. A. J. B.	0.60
Winnetka. Cong. Ch.,$17.60, and Sab. Sch., $1.84	19.44
York Neck. Mrs. Anna Reynolds	5.00
MISSOURI, $3.75.
Laclede. Cong. Ch., $3.25; Rev. E. D. S., 50c., for Mag.	3.75
WISCONSIN, $129.59.
Adamsville. Cong. Ch.	2.00
Appleton. Miss Ann S. Kimball	100.00
Eau Claire. Ladies’ Miss. Soc., for Lady Missionary	21.65
Kashkomong. Mrs. A. V. M.	0.50
Milwaukee. “Friends,” box and bbl. C., for Straight U.
Pleasant Hill. Cong. Ch.	2.00
Two Rivers. Cong. Ch.	2.44
Windsor. H. H. S.	1.00156
IOWA, $259.94.
Burlington. M. L.	$1.00
Cedar Rapids. T. M. Sinclair, for repairs, Talladega C.	50.00
Chester Centre. Cong. Ch.	46.00
Columbus City. Sarah E. Evans	2.00
Dubuque. Bbl. of bedding.
Floris. “Mary and Martha”	5.00
Grinnell. Cong. Ch., $43.13; Sab. Sch. Class of boys, $2; L. B., 50c.	45.63
Marion. Cong. Ch., $63.31; Willing Workers, box of C., for Straight U.	63.31
McGregor. Woman’s Miss. Soc., bbl. of C., for Straight U.
Postville. Rev. R. H. Robbins, for repairs, Talladega C.	2.00
Tabor. “A Friend,” for Student Aid, Tougaloo U.	10.00
Winterset. Mrs. S. J. Dinsmore, $10; “Friends,” $25	35.00
KANSAS, $252.00.
Leavenworth. Mrs. T. C.	1.00
Olathe. Estate of Elvira Beckwick, by Watts Beckwith	250.00
Olathe. Rev. W. W. McM.	1.00
MINNESOTA, $92.57.
Minneapolis. Rev. E. M. Williams, $50, for Student Aid, Fisk U.;—Plymouth Ch., $28.57	78.57
Rushford. Cong. Ch.	3.00
Saint Paul. C. S. Campbell	10.00
Tivoli. L. H.	1.00
NEBRASKA, $14.00.
Indianola. Cong. Ch.	10.00
Red Willow. Cong. Ch.	4.00
COLORADO, $1.00.
Colorado Springs. Rev. E. N. B.	0.50
Denver. J. L. P.	0.50
CALIFORNIA, $25.00.
Oakland. Mrs. Nathaniel Gray	25.00
MARYLAND, $100.00.
Baltimore. First Cong. Ch.	100.00
VIRGINIA, $28.40.
Hampton. Normal Sch. Ch.	28.40
TENNESSEE, $272.75.
Nashville. Fisk University, Tuition	89.80
Memphis. Le Moyne Sch.	182.95
NORTH CAROLINA, $120.24.
McLeansville. Cong. Ch.	5.00
Raleigh. Washington Sch., Tuition	30.00
Wilmington. Normal Sch., Tuition	85.24
GEORGIA, $658.25.
Atlanta. Storrs Sch., Tuition, $241.90; Rent, $3; Atlanta U., Tuition, $113; “A Friend,” $2.52	360.42
Macon. Lewis High Sch., Tuition, 74.95; Rent, $8	82.95
McIntosh. S. S.	0.50
Savannah. Beach Inst., Tuition, $107.75; Sales, $106.63	214.38
ALABAMA, $624.80.
Anniston. Cong. Ch., for repairs, Talladega C.	8.15
Marion. “Girls Sewing-Class,” for Mendi Mission	17.00
Mobile. Emerson Inst., Tuition	176.70
Montevallo. Cornelius Cadle, Jr., for rebuilding barn, Talladega C.	10.00
Montgomery. Public School Fund	175.00
Selma. Rent, $100; Cong. Ch., $54.60	154.60
Talladega. Talladega C., Tuition, $74.85;—Eight individuals, $1 ea.; J. R. M., 50c., for rebuilding barn	83.35
MISSISSIPPI, $87.00.
Tougaloo. Tougaloo U., Tuition	87.00
LOUISIANA. $129.75.
New Orleans. Straight University, Tuition	129.75
INCOME FUND, $416.00.
—— Avery fund, for Mendi M.	246.00
—— General Fund	50.00
—— C. F. Dike Fund	50.00
—— Straight U. Scholarship Fund	70.00
—— ——, $50.00.
—— Jubilee Singers, for Dept. of Natural Science, Fisk U.	50.00
SCOTLAND, $250.00.
Glasgow. Mrs. Ann Morris McDowell, by Rev. Geo. Morris, for a Teacher, Fisk U.	200.00
—— “A. P.”	50.00
———
Total,	$17,688.01
Total from Oct. 1st to March 31st	$86,611.92
FOR SCHOOL BUILDING, ATHENS, ALA.
Church’s Corners, Mich. First Cong. Ch.	21.00
Previously acknowledged in Feb. Receipts	432.28
———
Total,	$453.28
FOR NEGRO REFUGEES.
Somerset, Mass. Cong. Ch. Bbl. of C.
Wilmington, Mass. Bbl. of C.
South Norwalk, Conn. 2 Bbls. of C., by Mrs. C. M. Lawrence.
Binghamton, N. Y. Chas. A. Beach	5.00
Brooklyn, N. Y. “A Friend”	5.00
Penn Yan, N. Y. M. Hamlin	100.00
“Heart’s Content,” N. J. Box of C.
Savannah, Ohio. J. A. P. Patterson	5.00
———
Total	$115.00
Previously acknowledged in Feb. Receipts.	247.25
———
Total	$362.25
FOR TILLOTSON COLLEGIATE AND NORMAL INST., AUSTIN, TEXAS.
East Hampton, Mass. Mrs. Emily G. Williston	200.00
Lowell. Mass. Mrs. E. M. Buss, $100; Judge Crosby, $25; Leonard Kimball, $25	150.00
Hartford, Conn. C. C. Lyman	100.00
New Haven, Conn. Amos Townsend	10.00
New London, Conn. Trust Estate of Henry P. Haven	500.00
Waterbury, Conn. Chas Benedict	400.00
Morristown, N. J. Ella M. Graves	100.00
Salem, Ohio. David A. Allen	25.00
———
Total	$1,485.00
Previously acknowledged in Feb. Receipts	1,267.00
———
Total	$2,752.00
Receipts for March	$19,309.01
Total from Oct. 1st to March 31st	$93,228.21
======

H. W. HUBBARD, Treas.,
56 Reade St., N. Y. 157

Constitution of the American Missionary Association.
INCORPORATED JANUARY 30, 1849.

Art. I. This Society shall be called “The American Missionary Association.”

Art. II. The object of this Association shall be to conduct Christian missionary and educational operations, and diffuse a knowledge of the Holy Scriptures in our own and other countries which are destitute of them, or which present open and urgent fields of effort.

Art. III. Any person of evangelical sentiments,1 who professes faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, who is not a slaveholder, or in the practice of other immoralities, and who contributes to the funds, may become a member of the Society; and by the payment of thirty dollars, a life member; provided that children and others who have not professed their faith may be constituted life members without the privilege of voting.

Art. IV. This Society shall meet annually, in the month of September, October or November, for the election of officers and the transaction of other business, at such time and place as shall be designated by the Executive Committee.

Art. V. The annual meeting shall be constituted of the regular officers and members of the Society at the time of such meeting, and of delegates from churches, local missionary societies, and other co-operating bodies, each body being entitled to one representative.

Art. VI. The officers of the Society shall be a President, Vice-Presidents, a Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretaries, Treasurer, two Auditors, and an Executive Committee of not less than twelve, of which the Corresponding Secretaries shall be advisory, and the Treasurer ex-officio, members.

Art. VII. To the Executive Committee shall belong the collecting and disbursing of funds; the appointing, counselling, sustaining and dismissing (for just and sufficient reasons) missionaries and agents; the selection of missionary fields; and, in general, the transaction of all such business as usually appertains to the executive committees of missionary and other benevolent societies; the Committee to exercise no ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the missionaries; and its doings to be subject always to the revision of the annual meeting, which shall, by a reference mutually chosen, always entertain the complaints of any aggrieved agent or missionary; and the decision of such reference shall be final.

The Executive Committee shall have authority to till all vacancies occurring among the officers between the regular annual meetings; to apply, if they see fit, to any State Legislature for acts of incorporation; to fix the compensation, where any is given, of all officers, agents, missionaries, or others in the employment of the Society; to make provision, if any, for disabled missionaries, and for the widows and children of such as are deceased; and to call, in all parts of the country, at their discretion, special and general conventions of the friends of missions, with a view to the diffusion of the missionary spirit, and the general and vigorous promotion of the missionary work.

Five members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum for transacting business.

Art. VIII. This society, in collecting funds, in appointing officers, agents and missionaries, and in selecting fields of labor, and conducting the missionary work, will endeavor particularly to discountenance slavery, by refusing to receive the known fruits of unrequited labor, or to welcome to its employment those who hold their fellow-beings as slaves.

Art. IX. Missionary bodies, churches or individuals agreeing to the principles of this Society, and wishing to appoint and sustain missionaries of their own, shall be entitled to do so through the agency of the Executive Committee, on terms mutually agreed upon.

Art. X. No amendment shall be made to this Constitution without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present at a regular annual meeting; nor unless the proposed amendment has been submitted to a previous meeting, or to the Executive Committee in season to be published by them (as it shall be their duty to do, if so submitted) in the regular official notifications of the meeting.

158

The American Missionary Association.

AIM AND WORK.

To preach the Gospel to the poor. It originated in a sympathy with the almost friendless slaves. Since Emancipation it has devoted its main efforts to preparing the Freedmen for their duties as citizens and Christians in America and as missionaries in Africa. As closely related to this, it seeks to benefit the caste-persecuted Chinese in America, and to co-operate with the Government in its humane and Christian policy towards the Indians. It has also a mission in Africa.

STATISTICS.

Churches: In the South—In Va., 1; N. C., 5; S. C., 2; Ga., 13; Ky., 7; Tenn., 4; Ala., 14, La., 12; Miss., 1; Kansas, 2; Texas, 6. Africa, 2. Among the Indians, 1. Total 70.

Institutions Founded, Fostered or Sustained in the South.—Chartered: Hampton, Va.; Berea, Ky.; Talladega, Ala., Atlanta, Ga.; Nashville, Tenn.; Tougaloo, Miss.; New Orleans, La.; and Austin, Texas, 8. Graded or Normal Schools: at Wilmington, Raleigh, N. C.; Charleston, Greenwood, S. C.; Savannah, Macon, Atlanta, Ga.; Montgomery, Mobile, Athens, Selma, Ala.; Memphis, Tenn., 12. Other Schools, 24. Total 44.

Teachers, Missionaries and Assistants.—Among the Freedmen, 253; among the Chinese, 21; among the Indians, 9; in Africa, 13. Total, 296. Students—In Theology, 86; Law, 28; in College Course, 63; in other studies, 7,030. Total, 7,207. Scholars taught by former pupils of our schools, estimated at 150,000. Indians under the care of the Association, 13,000.

WANTS.

1. A steady INCREASE of regular income to keep pace with the growing work. This increase can only be reached by regular and larger contributions from the churches—the feeble as well as the strong.

2. Additional Buildings for our higher educational institutions, to accommodate the increasing numbers of students; Meeting Houses for the new churches as we are organizing; More Ministers, cultured and pious, for these churches.

3. Help for Young Men, to be educated as ministers here and missionaries to Africa—a pressing want.

Before sending boxes, always correspond with the nearest A. M. A. office, as below:

MAGAZINE.

This Magazine will be sent, gratuitously, if desired, to the Missionaries of the Association; to Life Members; to all clergymen who take up collections for the Association; to Superintendents of Sabbath Schools; to College Libraries; to Theological Seminaries; to Societies of Inquiry on Missions; and to every donor who does not prefer to take it as a subscriber, and contributes in a year not less than five dollars.

Those who wish to remember the American Missionary Association in their last Will and Testament, are earnestly requested to use the following

FORM OF A BEQUEST.

“I bequeath to my executor (or executors) the sum of —— dollars in trust, to pay the same in —— days after my decease to the person who, when the same is payable, shall act as Treasurer of the ‘American Missionary Association’ of New York City, to be applied, under the direction of the Executive Committee of the Association, to its charitable uses and purposes.”

The will should be attested by three witnesses [in some States three are required—in other States only two], who should write against their names, their places of residence [if in cities, their street and number]. The following form of attestation will answer for every State in the Union: “Signed, sealed, published and declared by the said [A. B.] as his last Will and Testament, in presence of us, who, at the request of the said A. B., and in his presence, and in the presence of each other, have hereunto subscribed our names as witnesses.” In some States it is required that the Will should be made at least two months before the death of the testator. 159

EDUCATE
YOUR
DAUGHTERS.

Give them all the advantages offered by
WELLESLEY COLLEGE,
at a very moderate expense to residents, by purchasing one of four nice Houses, for sale by
C. B. DANA, Wellesley, Mass.

“FRUIT OF
THE VINE.”

Pure, Rich, Clear Unfermented Wine for Communion, rec’d Centennial MEDAL. Circulars free. T. H. JOHNSON, New Brunswick, N. J., National Temperance Soc., 58 Reade St., N. Y., Cong’l and Bap. Publication Soc’s, Boston and elsewhere.

J. B. WILLIAMS & CO.,
GLASTENBURY, CONN.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
Shaving and Toilet Soaps.

For over 30 years this firm has made the manufacture of Shaving Soaps a specialty, and their Yankee Barber’s Bar, and other Soaps, enjoy a reputation among Barbers, as well as those who shave themselves, unequalled by any other.

To all of our readers who are seeking for the very best Shaving Soap, we would say, be sure and get some of the following (carefully avoiding counterfeits):

These Soaps can be found in every State, and nearly every town in the United States.

Books, Stationery
AND ALBUMS.

1. Theology.—Altogether the largest assortment in this country. Old and new books at low rates. Send for Catalogue.

2. Sunday-School Books from all the Publishers, Congregational Society, Hoyt, Carter, Randolph, Dodd, Mead & Co., Sunday-School Union, and all the good books. A most extensive assortment. Send for Catalogue and particulars. Old Books taken in part pay.

3. Bibles of great variety, large and small. Just received an importation from Europe. Elegant Teacher’s Bibles at half price.

4. Bibles and Other Books sold only by subscription. Agents wanted. Send for particulars.

5. New Library, called “The Dime Diamond Library.” Among the books are Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress and Holy War, complete, 10 cents each; Children’s Annual, 60 engravings, 10 cents; Dr. Buckley to Intelligent Inquirers after a New Life, 10 cents:; and many others.

6. Special attention given to Town and Private Libraries. Very cheap.

7. Homiletic Quarterly.—This work is instructive and suggestive on every subject in the range of comment on the Bible, Sketches of Sermons, Illustrative Thoughts on Parables, Scripture Characters and Types, from such men as Canon Rawlinson, Fausset, Farrar, Geikie, and Dean Stanley. $2.00 per year, 50 cents a number.

8. Works on the Clark Plan.—This is a plan to have the first subscribers get books for half the regular price; for example, we are publishing Fairbairn’s Typology; the Edinburgh price is $9.00, ours is $3.00; Beecher’s Star Sermons, old price $7.50, subscription price $3.00, 3 vols., large octavo.

N. TIBBALS & SONS,
37 Park Row,
NEW YORK. 160

A FOOL’S ERRAND.
By One of the Fools.

The most successful Novel for more than a quarter of a century. A masterpiece.

“Holds the critic spellbound.... English literature contains no similar picture.”—[International Review.

“Must be read by everybody who desires to be well informed.”—[Portland Advertiser.

“A thrilling book indeed.”—[Cincinnati Commercial.

“The most powerful national and social study since ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin.’”—[Boston Courier.

“... Not matched in the whole range of modern fiction.”—[Boston Traveller.

“Written in brains.”—[Rochester Rural Home.

“Selling by thousands every week.”—[N. Y. Tribune.

Cloth, $1. Sold everywhere, or mailed by
FORDS, HOWARD & HULBERT, 27 Park Place, New York.

PAYSON’S
Indelible Ink,

FOR MARKING ANY FABRIC WITH A COMMON PEN, WITHOUT A PREPARATION.

It still stands unrivaled after 50 years’ test.

THE SIMPLEST & BEST.

Sales now greater than ever before.

This Ink received the Diploma and Medal at Centennial over all rivals.

Report of Judges: “For simplicity of application and indelibility.”

INQUIRE FOR
PAYSON’S COMBINATION!!!

Sold by all Druggists, Stationers and News Agents, and by many Fancy Goods and Furnishing Houses.

BUY THE BEST GOODS
BOGLE & LYLES,

Nos. 87 & 89 Park Place NEW YORK,

Dealers in
CHOICE CANNED FRUITS
VEGETABLES, POTTED MEATS, ETC.,
Sole Agents for
RICHARDSON & ROBBINS’
Extra Yellow Peaches.

CHEAPEST BOOKSTORE
IN THE WORLD!

175,672 NEW and OLD Standard WORKS in Every Department of Literature. Almost given away. Catalogue of General Literature and Fiction free. Immense Inducements to Book Clubs and Libraries.

LEGGAT BROS.
3 Beekman St., opp, Post Office, New York. 161

BROWN BROTHERS & CO.
59 WALL STREET,
NEW YORK.

Buy and Sell Bills of Exchange on Great Britain and Ireland, France, Germany, Belgium and Holland. Issue Commercial and Travelers’ Credits, in Sterling, available in any part of the world, and in Francs for use in Martinique and Guadaloupe.

Make Telegraphic Transfers of Money

Between this and other countries, through London and Paris.

Make Collection of Drafts drawn abroad on all parts of the United States and Canada, and of Drafts drawn in the United States on Foreign Countries.

Travelers’ Credits issued either against cash deposited or satisfactory guarantee of repayment: In Dollars for use in the United States and adjacent countries; or in Pounds Sterling for use in any part of the world. Applications for credits may be addressed as above direct, or through any first-class Bank or Banker.

BROWN, SHIPLEY & CO.,
26 Chapel St., Liverpool.

BROWN, SHIPLEY & CO.,
Founder’s Court, Lothbury. London.

J. & R. LAMB,
59 Carmine St., N. Y.
CHURCH FURNISHERS

Memorial Windows, Memorial Tablets,
Sterling Silver Communion Services.
SEND FOR CIRCULAR.

Every Man His Own Printer.
	Excelsior $3 Printing Press.
	Prints cards, labels, envelopes, &c.; larger sizes for larger work. For business or pleasure, young or old. Catalogue of Presses, Type, Cards, &c., sent for two stamps.
	KELSEY & CO., M’frs., Meriden, Conn.

MARVIN’S
FIRE & BURGLAR
SAFES
COUNTER PLATFORM WAGON & TRACK
SCALES
MARVIN SAFE & SCALE CO.
265 BROADWAY, N. Y.
627 CHESTNUT ST., PHILA.

Policies Incontestable.

SEND FOR RATES AND TERMS.

New form of Policy, comprehensive and very liberal to insurers.

AGENTS WANTED.
HENRY STOKES, President.
J. L. HALSEY, Secretary.

GET THE BEST.
The “OXFORD”
TEACHERS’ BIBLES
IN SEVEN DIFFERENT SIZES,
At prices to suit everybody.
Apply to your Bookseller for Lists, or write to

THOS. NELSON & SONS,
42 Bleecker Street, New York.

CLINTON H. MENEELY BELL COMPANY,
Successors to Meneely & Kimberly,
BELL FOUNDERS, TROY, N. Y.

Manufacture a superior quality of BELLS.
Special attention given to CHURCH BELLS.
Catalogues sent free to parties needing bells.

162

THE THIRTY-FOURTH VOLUME
OF THE
American Missionary,
1880.

We have been gratified with the constant tokens of the increasing appreciation of the Missionary during the past year, and purpose to spare no effort to make its pages of still greater value to those interested in the work which it records.

Shall we not have a largely increased subscription list for 1880?

A little effort on the part of our friends, when making their own remittances, to induce their neighbors to unite in forming Clubs, will easily double our list, and thus widen the influence of our Magazine, and aid in the enlargement of our work.

Under the editorial supervision of Rev. C. C. Painter, aided by the steady contributions of our intelligent Missionaries and teachers in all parts of the field, and with occasional communications from careful observers and thinkers elsewhere, the American Missionary furnishes a vivid and reliable picture of the work going forward among the Indians, the Chinamen on the Pacific Coast, and the Freedmen as citizens in the South and as Missionaries in Africa.

It will be the vehicle of important views on all matters affecting the races among which it labors, and will give monthly summary of current events relating to their welfare and progress.

Patriots and Christians interested in the education and Christianizing of these despised races are asked to read it, and assist in its circulation. Begin with the next number and the new year. The price is only Fifty Cents per annum.

The Magazine will be sent gratuitously, if preferred, to the persons indicated on page 158.

Donations and subscriptions should be sent to

H. W. HUBBARD, Treasurer,
56 Reade Street, New York.

TO ADVERTISERS.

Special attention is invited to the advertising department of the American Missionary. Among its regular readers are thousands of Ministers of the Gospel, Presidents, Professors and Teachers in Colleges, Theological Seminaries and Schools; it is, therefore, a specially valuable medium for advertising Books, Periodicals, Newspapers, Maps, Charts, Institutions of Learning, Church Furniture, Bells, Household Goods, &c.

Advertisers are requested to note the moderate price charged for space in its columns, considering the extent and character of its circulation.

Advertisements must be received by the TENTH of the month, in order to secure insertion in the following number. All communications in relation to advertising should be addressed to

THE AMERICAN MISSIONARY ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT,
56 Reade Street, New York.

Our friends who are interested in the Advertising Department of the “American Missionary” can aid us in this respect by mentioning, when ordering goods, that they saw them advertised in our Magazine.

DAVID H. GILDERSLEEVE, Printer, 101 Chambers Street, New York.

End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of American Missionary, Vol. XXXIV., No.
5, May 1880, by Various

*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN MISSIONARY ***

***** This file should be named 54981-h.htm or 54981-h.zip *****
This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
        http://www.gutenberg.org/5/4/9/8/54981/

Produced by Joshua Hutchinson, KarenD, Wayne Hammond and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by Cornell University Digital
Collections)


Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright
law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works,
so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United
States without permission and without paying copyright
royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part
of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm
concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark,
and may not be used if you charge for the eBooks, unless you receive
specific permission. If you do not charge anything for copies of this
eBook, complying with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook
for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports,
performances and research. They may be modified and printed and given
away--you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks
not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the
trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound
by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the
person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph
1.E.8.

1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the
Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection
of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual
works in the collection are in the public domain in the United
States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the
United States and you are located in the United States, we do not
claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing,
displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as
all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope
that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting
free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm
works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the
Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily
comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the
same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when
you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are
in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States,
check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this
agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing,
distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any
other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no
representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any
country outside the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other
immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear
prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work
on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the
phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed,
performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

  This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
  most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
  restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
  under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
  eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
  United States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you
  are located before using this ebook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is
derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not
contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the
copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in
the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project
Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply
either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or
obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm
trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works
posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the
beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg-tm License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including
any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access
to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format
other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official
version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain
Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
provided that

* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
  the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
  you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed
  to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has
  agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project
  Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid
  within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are
  legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty
  payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project
  Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in
  Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg
  Literary Archive Foundation."

* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
  you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
  does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
  License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
  copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue
  all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm
  works.

* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of
  any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
  electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of
  receipt of the work.

* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
  distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than
are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing
from both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and The
Project Gutenberg Trademark LLC, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm
trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project
Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may
contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate
or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or
other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or
cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium
with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you
with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in
lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person
or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second
opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If
the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing
without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of
damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement
violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the
agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or
limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or
unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the
remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in
accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the
production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses,
including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of
the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this
or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or
additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any
Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm

Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It
exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations
from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see
Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at
www.gutenberg.org Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by
U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.

The Foundation's principal office is in Fairbanks, Alaska, with the
mailing address: PO Box 750175, Fairbanks, AK 99775, but its
volunteers and employees are scattered throughout numerous
locations. Its business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt
Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to
date contact information can be found at the Foundation's web site and
official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

For additional contact information:

    Dr. Gregory B. Newby
    Chief Executive and Director
    [email protected]

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND
DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular
state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To
donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works.

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org

This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.